Columbus Sailed the Ocean Blue

A Portuguese Sailor’s Journey of Discovery

By Kimberly Hopkins

Who was Christopher Columbus?

• Explorer• Navigator•Admiral of the Ocean Sea•Enrolled as a member in the Book of Privilegesb. 1451 in Genoa, Italy

Places Columbus had visited before he discovered the

Americas

•Iceland & Ireland, 1477

•Guinea & Gold coasts of West Africa, 1482-1485

Why did he go on a voyage?

How did he get ready for a voyage?

The King and Queen of Spain,

Ferdinand II and Isabella I

The Ships: Nina, Pinta, & Santa Maria

1st voyageLeft SpainAug 3, 1492

Left to return to Spain Jan 16, 1493

What happened during the exploration?•Columbus kept 2 logs—one was a fake to show his crew so they wouldn’t think they had traveled very far from Spain•Rodrigo de Triana spotted land first, but Columbus claimed that he did and robbed de Triana of the reward offered by the king and queen.•San Salvador was the first island Columbus claimed for Spain.•He traded with the native Indians and discussed agriculture, food, flora and fauna, and gold.•Columbus thought the island of Cuba was “Cipango” or Japan.•About mid-November, the Pinta and crew left to explore on their own.•On Christmas Eve, the Santa Maria ran aground because the officer in command decided to nap and left a boy in charge of the helm. •Columbus established a settlement fort on Hispañola using timber and provisions from the wrecked ship. He named it La Navidad and left 44 men there with the mission of searching for the source of the natives gold.•During the return voyage, they thought they were amongst the Canary Islands and went ashore to go to church and were arrested and discovered they were in the Portuguese-controlled Azores. Columbus escaped with half his crew.•Columbus pulled into port in Spain on March 15, 1493.

What did Columbus take back to Spain?

Other things Columbus took back to Spain

What were the results?

•Columbus was considered a sort of failure during his lifetime.

•When he failed to find large quantities of gold, he made slaves of the Arawak Indians as a way to make money.

•Disease was carried to the Americas.

•Many of the European settlers died from disease, starvation, shipwreck, exposure, and fighting the natives.

•The wealth of resources discovered in the Americas made Spain a powerful country in Europe.

The death of Columbus•In his final years after Queen Isabella died, Columbus lost his land grants and became poor.•He probably suffered from gout and perhaps a tropical disease.•He died May 20, 1506 in Valladolid, Spain.•Columbus requested he be buried in Santo Domingo along with the ball and chain that had been attached to him after his third voyage.

In 1492In fourteen hundred ninety-twoColumbus sailed the ocean blue.

He had three ships and left from Spain;He sailed through sunshine, wind and rain.

He sailed by night; he sailed by day;He used the stars to find his way.

A compass also helped him knowHow to find the way to go.

Ninety sailors were on board;Some men worked while others snored.

Then the workers went to sleep;And others watched the ocean deep.

Day after day the looked for land;They dreamed of trees and rocks and sand.

October 12 their dream came true,You never saw a happier crew!

Did you know there was

more to the poem than the first two

lines?We aren’t sure who wrote the original poem,

but this text is in the book 1492

by Jean Marzollo.

Why do we have Columbus Day?

•We celebrate it to honor Columbus discovering lands in North America.

•The first Columbus Day celebration in the U.S. was October 12, 1792-- the 300th anniversary.

•President Franklin D. Roosevelt designated Columbus Day a national holiday in 1934.

Sources:

•"Christopher Columbus (Italian explorer) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia." Britannica Online Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Oct. 2012. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/127070/Christopher-Columbus>. •"Did Columbus Make Any Important Discoveries In The Americas? - History - Questions & Answers." Study Guides, Lesson Plans, Homework Help, Answers & More - enotes.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Oct. 2012. <http://www.enotes.com/history/q-and-a/did-columbus-make-any-important-discoveries-287417>.•"Today in History: October 12." American Memory from the Library of Congress - Home Page. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Oct. 2012. <http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/oct12.html>.•"What did christopher Columbus bring back from America." The Q&A wiki. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Oct. 2012. <http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_did_christopher_Columbus_bring_