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Combined Executive Summary ofEIAIEMP/RAP Reports of Alohabad Bypass of NH -2 March, 2003

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass oa NH-2

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Introduction

India has embarked on a 10-year highway transportation improvement program as a part of thenational policy to globalize its economy and to increase safety and efficiency in trade and businessbesides free movement of traffic. To achieve this, National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) wasconstituted by an act of Parliament, the National Highways Authorities of India Act, 1998. TheNHAI is responsible for development, maintenance and management of National Highways and forassociated issues. National Highways comprise about 2% of total road length in the country and yetcarry over 40% of total traffic across the length and breadth of the country. The first and foremosttask mandated to National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is the implementation of NationalHighways Development Project (NHDP) comprising the Golden Quadrilateral and North -South andEast-West corridors. The golden quadrilateral (GQ) comprises the following stretches:

Stretch Length, KmDelhi - Kolkata 1469

Kolkata - Chennai 1751

Chennai - Mumbai 1278

Mumbai - Delhi 1454

(GQ) Total 5952

The National Highway-2 (NH-2) is a part of Golden Quadrilateral connecting Delhi and Kolkata. Fourlaning of NH-2 from Delhi to Kolkata is under progress. Four laning of Delhi-Agra section has beencompleted. Similarly, on the other end of the highway, a substantial portion between Dhanbad andKolkata has been completed, and work is in progress for the remaining stretches. The highway stretchbetween Agra and Dhanbad has been undertaken for four laning with the World Bank funding. Thisstretch has been divided into five consultancy packages, each of approximately 200 km length. The fivepackages are further sub-divided into 19 construction packages, and have been covered under the three"World Bank" projects, viz., "Third National Highway Project" (TNHP), "Grand Trunk RoadImprovement Project" (GTRIP), and the "Allahabad Bypass Project" (ABP). The detailes of theseconstruction packages are given below:

Details of Construction Packages on NH-2

Stretch Chainage Length Fund Status/AgencyFrom To . (Krn) ing(Km) (Km)

Delhi - Mathura 0 145 145 ADB 4 lane CompletedMathura - Agra 145 199.66 54.66 OECF 4 lane CompletedAgra - Sikohabad 199.66 250.5 50.84 WB - IV Awarded and four lanning inContract I A progressSikohabad -Sanlkdil 250.5 307.5 59.02 NHAI Awarded and four lanning inContract IB progressSari Ikdil - Sikandara 321.1 393 72.82 WB-IV Awarded and four lanning inContract I C progressEtawah Bypass 307.5 321.1 13.6 Awarded and four lanning in

____ ____ __ ____ ___ progress

Sikandara-Bhaunti 393 470 61.6 WB-III Awarded and four lanning inContract 11 A progress

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2

Stretch Chainage Length Fund Status/AgencyFrom To (lKm) ing(Kmn) (Krn)

Bhaunti - Fatehpur 470 38 51 WB-IV Awarded and four lanning inBorder, Contract IIB progress

Fatehpur Border-Khaga 38 115 77 WB-I Awarded and four lanning inContract II C progress

Khaga - Kokhraj Contract 115 158 43 WB-III Awarded and four lanning inIII A progress

Kokhraj - Paharpur 158 245 84.7 WB-IV or To be awardedVillage Contract III B BOT(Allahabad Bypass) _

Paharpur Village - Raja 245 317 72 WB-IH Awarded and four lanning inTalab Contract III C _ progress

Varanasi Bypass- 317 329 78 WB-IV Awarded and four lanning inMohania Contract IV A 0 65 progressMohama-Sasaram Bypass 65 110 45 WB-III Awarded and four lanning inContract IV B progressSasaram - Dehri on Sone 110 140 30 WB-IV Awarded and four lanning inContact IV C progressDehri on Sone - 140 180 40 WB-III Awarded and four lanning inAurangabad Contract IV progressDAurangabad-Barachatti 180 240 60 WB-III Awarded and four lanning inContract VA progress

Barachatti - Gorhar 240 320 80 WB-IV Awarded and four lanning inContract VB progressGorhar-Barwa Adda 320 398.75 79 WB-IH Awarded and four lanning inContract VC progressBarwa Adda-Barakar 398.75 442 43.25 ADB-III Awarded and four lanning in

progressBarakar-Raniganj 442 475 33 WB-II Awarded and four lanning in

progressRaniganj - Panagarh 475 517 42 ADB-III Awarded and four lanning in

___________ _________ ~progressPanagarh -Palsit 517 581 64 BOT Awarded and four lanning in

.______________________ ________I(A nnuity) progress

Palsit -Dankuni 581 666 69 BOT Awarded(Durgapur Expressway) (Annuity)

Dankuni -NH-2/NH-6 5 BOT 4 Laned completedJunction near Calcutta 4 (Annuity)LanedVivekananda Bridge and 6 BOT 6 lane completedApproach I

The Allahabad bypass is a part of consultancy Package III. The package m runs from Khaga (Km 115) toVaranasi (Km 317) having a total length 202 Km. This package has been divided into five constructionpackages for timely completion of project. The five construction packages are given below:

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports torAllahabad Bypass of NH-2

Packages Section (Km) Length (Km)Package III A Khaga-Kokhraj (Km 115-158) 43PackageIII B (i) ABP-1 Ganga Bridge (Kmrl63.267- 1.013Allahabad Bypass 164.280)(84.708 Km) (ii) ABP-2 (Kml58-163.267 and Km 164.280- 38.987

198.000)(fii) ABP-3 (Km 198.000 - Km 242.708) 44.708

Package III C Handia - Varanasi (Km 245.000 - Km 137) 72

The work is under progress on all the construction packages, except those falling under the AllahabadBypass Project, for which the present Environmental and Social Assessment has been undertaken aspart of the Detailed Project Report.

2. Project Description

The proposed Allahabad Bypass is an access controlled toll road, starting at Km 158 of NH-2 nearKokhraj in Kaushambi district and ending at Km 245 of NH-2 near Handia in Allahabad district, withan overall length of about 84.7 km. This bypass plans to avoid the traffic congestions of the city ofAllahabad. The bypass passes through predominantly agricultural lands. Salient Features of BypassAlignment are described below:

District Boundary : Kaushambi, Pratapgarh and Allahabad

Total Land to be acquired : 781 Ha (687 ha private and 94 ha Govt. land Approx.)Nature of land : Mostly AgriculturalVillage being affected :110 Villages

House holds getting affected : 97Structures getting affected : 267Trees to be cut : 3298 (Private trees on new alignment and trees on

existing NH 2 section)SH - Crossing : 3 (SH-38, SH-7 and SH-9)Major Rivers : 3 (Ganga, Doab and Mansaita)Canals : 32Drain, Nullahs and Stream : 29Under passes : 39 under passes

(7 pedestrians and 32 vehicular cum pedestrians)

The entire Allahabad bypass project has divided into three construction packages are as statedbelow:

ABP- 1: Ganga bridge with river training work from km 163.267 to km 164.280(1.013 km)

ABP- 2: From km 158.000 to km 163.267 and km 164.280 to km 198.0 (38.987 km)ABP - 3: From km 198.0 to km 242.708 (44.708km)

3. Consultants

The detailed project report has been prepared by the Consortium consisting SNC LavalinInternational and Gherzi Eastern Ltd. for bypass construction packages ABP-2 and ABP-3. M/sSNC Lavalin International were lead consultants. M/s Tandon Consultants (P) Ltd. were associatedconsultants for Ganga Bridge package, ABP-1. The environmental and social assessment for theproject have been carried out by M/s Gherzi Eastern Ltd., Kolkata.

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Allahabad bypass project has been categonzed as category 'A' project, because of large scale socialimpacts. As per the policy of the World Bank, independent reviewers have been appointed to reviewthe Environmental and Social impact assessment process adopted in project preparation and toconsolidate EIA and SIA documents. The independent reviewers are a consortium consisting ofDHV Consultants and MDP consultants (P) Ltd.; New Delhi.

4. Selection of Present Alignment ( Analysis of Alternative)

Total seven alternatives alignments were considered for the bypass of NH 2 for the Allahabad townin which only one alignment (AS1) was on southern side, five (AN1 through AN5), were on thenorthern side of Allahabad Town and the seventh one was 14.5 km long elevated structure with fourlane above the existing National Highway within Allahabad town. Alternative 'AN-4' was selectedas the most viable alignment.The present environmental impact assessment report covers the study of selected alignment AN-4.

5. Process Adopted for Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Rehabilitation& Resettlement Action Plan

Environmental Assessment Studies

The major steps in EA process, which have been adopted for this project, are presented in thefollowing subsections.

Environmental Screening: The feasibility study incorporated a social and environmental screening. Inthis screening stage all environmental and social aspects of bypass were identified. Based onscreening, EIA was focused on potentially significant environmental issues.

Environmental Impact Assessment and Management Plans: The EIA preparation led to identificationof potential environmental hotspots and their feasible remedial measures (including avoidance,mitigation and enhancements), which were made a part of environmental management plan.

Social Impact Assessment

Social impact assessment has been camed out on the basis of pnmary data collected, consultationwith the stakeholders and information from secondary sources. Socio-economic baseline survey wasconducted, including on the socio-economic and demographic profile of the affected communities.An understanding was developed about the physical, social, economic, and cultural set-up in theproject influence area.

Resettlement and Rehabilitation Action Plan

RAP is prepared based on the Social Impact Assessment Studies. The major steps adopted informulation of RAP for this project are presented in the following subsections.

Venfication exercise: Stnp plans and the details of RoW are collected. The legal boundaries of theRoW provided the basis for identifying and enumerating the number of project affected persons. Thevenfication exercises and consultations have largely helped to modify the design, thus minimizingnegative impacts. Accordingly the strip maps were updated. Also the PAPs (as per modifications inthe designs) were identified and considered for further surveys.


The census: A census was carried out to ensure that all impacted persons are identified so that theentitlements could be worked out and budgeted. The census was conducted through door-to-doorpersonal interviews. All persons and famrlies located within the Corridor of Impact (Col) wereenumerated. The census also collected information on assets and livelihood of the PAPs and PAFs,and recorded likely impacts on such assets and livelihood.

Socio-economic baseline survey: A socio-economic survey was conducted on 25% of the PAPs toprovide a database to develop indicators for the monitoring and evaluation of the RAP. Selection ofthe stratified samples was based on of the categories of losses.

Entitlement Framework: The entitlement framework was derived entirely from the NHAI R&RPolicy, which was earlier endorsed by the Gol and the WB.

Community Consultations: Consultations were undertaken to disseminate information about projectto the potentially affected people, and to incorporate their views and suggestions in the RAP as wellas the design. Consultations were carried out at various levels, at district levels and villages level(focus group discussions), and the state level (public hearing and the stakeholders' consultations).

Different social groups were consulted based on the sample size decided for the socio-economicsurveys. Focus group discussions were held with women, SC, ST and other vulnerable groups. Thisenabled the RAP to be suitable to the needs of the community and the impacted groups.Consultations were to build awareness amongst, and enlist support from the people, governmentagencies and the NGOs.

6. Structures of the Report

EIA Report

This EIA report has been presented as per requirements of the Environmental Impact Assessmentnotification of Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) under the Environment Protection Act,1986, and World Bank Operative Directives. EIA report has been discussed in nine chapters. Brief ofcoverage in each chapter is described below:

Chapter 1 discusses the project background, DPR and Independent Review consultants, need of theBypass road for Allahabad town and selection of best alignment. This chapter also describes themethod adopted for the EIA study and structure of the EIA report.

Chapter 2 has been described project from an environmental perspective along with salient featuressuch as RoW, cross section, community facilities, traffic projection etc. This chapter also includes thegeneral features, man made features, highway and bridge design and planning etc.

Chapter 3 discusses the Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework within which the project isset, the major stakeholder departments of the State and Central Govemments involved along with theapplicable Acts and Laws. This chapter also covers the clearance requirements at various levels andtheir current status.

Chapter 4 details out the Methodology adopted for the Environmental Impact Assessment.Descriptions are provided for survey procedures, modelling methods and environmental designs.

Chapter 5 describes the Existing Environmental Scenario in detail. The sections onMeteorological baseline, components of the physical and natural environments, cultural propertiesalong the corridor and quality of life add up to give a comprehensive picture of the existingenvironment along the bypass alignment and its area of influence.

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2 4

Chapter 6 gives an overview of the Community Consultation carried out during the projectpreparation stage. It also provides an insight into the processes involved, its importance to projectdesign and methods adopted to document the entire exercise.

Chapter 7 on the Assessment of Impacts deternines the extent of the impacts of the project activityon the existing environment. The focus of section is on the adverse impacts. The beneficial impactson the environment due to the project have been detailed in subsequent chapter under theenhancement measures. The impacts have been detailed in the same sequence as described in Chapter5 for ease of understanding.

Chapter 8 entitled Mitigation, Avoidance and Enhancement Measures forms the basis of thegeneration of coherent, comprehensive and concise Environmental Management Plans for the projectcorridors. In addition to the avoidance and mitigation measures for the physical and naturalenvironmental components, this chapter discusses various environmental enhancements suggested forthe project including the enhancement of common property resources.

Chapter 9 reviews the existing Implementation Arrangements and suggests further institutionalstrengthening for ease of implementation of the environmental component of the project. Report endswith references and annexures.

Rehabilitation and Resettlement Action Plan

The RAP report has been presented as per requirements of the Environmental Impact Assessmentnotification of Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) under the Environment Protection Act,1986, and World Bank Operative Directives. This report has been discussed in 12 chapters. The briefcoverage of each chapter is described below:

Chapter 1 presents the summary of the RAP, which gives bnef of project affected fanilies includingtitle holder, non title holders, vulnerable, project displaced families, vulnerable PDFs and loss oflivelihood etc, land estimation, common properties, summary of income restoration, stakeholderparticipation, institutional arrangement, implementation schedule and budget.

Chapter 2 details out the methodology adopted for the social impact assessment. Descriptions areprovided for survey procedures including census and socio-economic baseline surveys. This chapteralso describes the methodology adopted for primary data collection and other secondary data andpublic consultations.

Chapter 3 presents the measures taken to minimize negative social impacts, impact on landacquisition, impact on settlements including impact on religious structures, common property, privateproperty and commercial establishments.

Chapter 4 describes socio-economic profile of the project area, which includes demographic profile,economic profile, and social profile i.e., family types, occupational structures, share-croppers, andpeople becoming land less so on.

Chapter 5 presents the resettlements and rehabilitation policy and legal framework. This chapterdescribes the entitlement framework and matrix that has been used for Allahabad project.

Chapter 6 provides detailed information relating to consultation process including differenttechniques used for community participation and future plan for continued participation in the projectarea.

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Combined Executive Summary of EINEMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2

Chapter 7 highlights the details pertaining to land acquisition process in the project area includingland acquisition & determination of replacement value, land acquisition procedures & provision inbudget thereof, land requirements for various purposes and detailed land acquisition plan /scheduleunder NHAI act.

Chapter 8 presents an assessment of existing institutional set-up for R&R implementation andfurther provides the proposed institutional arrangement and implementation schedule for ensuringtimely implementation of RAP in the project area.

Chapter 9 focuses on the impact of livelihood affected PAPs in the project area and provides anincome restoration mechanism/plan which would ensure restonng income of PAPs in a way that theyare able to restore their previous living standard or are left better off.

Chapter 10 provides the summary of RAP budget covering details of compensation, assistance andtraining/ support, health related aspects and R&R cost related to value of land and structures.

Chapter 11 presents the monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to be adopted for effectiveimplementation of R&R activities in the project area.

chapter 12 describes the processes adopted for assessing health related diseases like HIV/AIDs andprovides a detailed action plan for arresting the spread of this disease in the project area.

7. Policies, Legal and Administrative framework

Environmental Study

Various state (Uttar Pradesh govt.) and central Govemment (Govt. of India) environmentallegislations and guidelines that form basis of the EIA report are:

- Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986- The Environmental Impact Notification, MOEF, 1994- Air and Water (Pollution Control) Acts, 1981 and 1977- Control of Noise Under Environment Protection Act, 1986- Forest Conservation Act, 1981- National Forest Policy, 1988- Wild Life Protection Act, 1972- Public Liabilities and Insurance Act, 1991- Vehicle Registration Act, 1998- Indian Motor Vehicles Act (for control of air and noise pollution)- Ancient Monuments, Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958- Land Acquisition Act, 1984 and 1989

The report takes into account all the above Acts and Guidelines.

The project would need the following clearances from GOI and GOUP1. Environmental Clearance from the MOEF2. Forest Clearance from the MOEF regional office.3. Permission from state forest department for private tree cutting4. State Forest Department clearance for felling of trees from the RoW of existing NH-2

portion5. No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the Uttar Pradesh State Pollution Control Board

(UPSPCB)

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6. Clearance from the Uttar Pradesh State Pollution Control Board under the Air Act, theWater Act and the Cess Act, if stipulated by the State Pollution Control Board whilegiving the NOC

7. Clearance of Ground water board for withdrawal of ground water for construction8. Clearance for sand mining from river authorities.9. Consent from state pollution control board for setting up of hot mix plants, batching

plant, construction workers' camp, etc.

Social Assessment and Rehabilitation and Resettlement Action Plan

The principal features of the laws that form the basis of planning, construction and operation of theProject in relation to the social and cultural environment are presented below:

Various state (Uttar Pradesh govt.) and central Government (Govt. of India) legislations andguidelines that form basis of the SIA and RAP reports are listed below:

Laws / Regulations Relevance

The Land Acquisition Act, Governs acquisition of land under eminent domain for defined(Amended up to 1984) & the public purposes and compensation thereof.National Highways Act (1956,amended 1997)

The Environmental Impact Makes the preparation of a project-specific RAP mandatory.Assessment Notification, 1994 The RAP must address, among other things; protection against

loss of livelihood; community support systems andinfrastructure; loss of productive resources and mninimzation ofdisplacement.

The Ancient Monuments and Area within 100m of protected property is protected and withinArchaeological Sites and 300m is a zone of controlled development; any developmentRemains Act, 1958. within such areas requires prior authorization of the ASI.

The project is proposed to be financed by the World Bank, therefore, Operational Guidelines,OP 4.01, January 1999 and OP 4.12, are also followed for the "Environmental Assessment", and"Social Assessment and Rehabilitation and Resettlement Action Plan," respectively.

8. Methodology of Environmental Assessment

Methodology adopted for completion of the study is as follows:- Scoping- Reconnaissance survey to collect information in devised formats;- Analysis of assembly data;- Documentation of baseline conditions;- Assessment of potential impacts;- Formulation of mitigation, avoidance and enhancement measures;- Community consultations;- Preparation of standalone environmental management plans (EMPs)

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Combined Executive Summary of EIAIEMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2 i

9. Existing Environment Scenario

Climate: The Allahabad bypass project is located in the humid sub-tropical region with markedmonsoon effects.The climate is distinguished by three distinct seasons, i.e., hot summer (from Aprilto June), warm humid rainy season (from July to September), and cold winter (from November toFebruary). October and March constitute the transitional months between rainy, winter and summerseasons respectively.

Temperature: The temperature varies from extreme high temperatures up to 47°C in summer to aslow as 4°C in winter. The annual average temperature is around 27°C Wind. The average wind speedis in the range of 4-5 km/h of this area.

Rainfall: The yearly average rainfall in the project area is about 89 cm of which over 90% occursduring the rainy season.

Relative Humidity: The average relative humidity is 64% and maximum is 90%.

Natural and Biophysical Environment

Air: Ambient Air Quality along Allahabad Bypass Alignment are given in the table below:

Ambient Air Quality at Selected Locations Along Bypass Alignment

i _ Air Quality ParameterRead I -- F -

ing SPM (/Ag/ M X NO C (ppm)Pb (Hg/m___ M3) (~/) (Agi 3 (pg/in) (ppm)m b(/~

_Survey Station (SS): Murat Ganj (Starting of Bypass)01 185.0 I 57.0 7 7.8 24.5 3.2 1.2 I 0.1602 _ >2 48.0 113 13.7 1.6 <1.0 ND

Survey Station (SS): SH-38 Crossing_0 1 157.0 48.8 11.9 18.9 0.81 ND ND_ 02 189.0 I 68.2 8.2 21.6 0.6 ___ ND ND

-Survey Station (SS): SH-9 Crossing01 149.0 35.0 11.1 18.6 1.2 j 1.3 _ ND02 1 186.0 1 67.0 12. 14.2 0.9 091 ND

Survey Station (SS): Malaka at Chainage 211_ _01 __ 142.0 1 40.0 1 9.3 17.6 ND ND J ND02 168.0 L 30.0 _ 12.4 _ 12.4 ND N- - - ND

ISurvey Station (SS): Handia (End of Bypas)01 j 2t'-9i,2->9<O= 80- 16.6 T__ 21.3 1-.2 1.4 __ N_02 J 62.0 [ 14.4 1 16.9 1.1 1.2 ND

Source: Independent Reviewer's SurveyE~ia A bove CPCB limits as prescribed in National Ambient Alr Quality Monitoring Series,

AQMS/a/1996-97

Hydrology and Drainage: The proposed bypass is passing through almost a flat terrain slope of thearea is from northwest (kml58, Kokhraj) to south-east (Km 245, Handia) with an average gradient of16 cm/Km.

Surface Water: The proposed bypass alignment is crossing numerous streams, drains, canals andthree rivers namely Ganga, Doab and Mansaita. Following Table gives the summary of water bodieslocated along the project routes.

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Combined Executive Summary of EIWEMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2

Summary of Surface Water Bodies Crossing Allahabad Bypass

SIl.No. Water Body _ Numbers1. Canals l 332. Rivers i 033. Ponds/Lakes 12| 4. lRiver/Streams __ 30 _

Ground water: There are 26 water tanks, 26 pump houses, 37 hand pumps and 44 wells are comrngon the alignment. In general the ground water table of the study area varies between 10-15m. Thewater table also varies in vanous seasons.

The quality of water is by-and-large acceptable except for alkalinity and hardness for some borewells and for surface water bodies, a high TSS has been observed in Doab river whereas TDS forriver Ganga and Mansaita are higher than Doab river.

Land Environment

Geology: The project area is geomorphologically a part of the Ganga plain. It has 400-1500m deepalluvial covers. The base in the project area is quite deep, probably more than 1000-4000m below theground.

Seismicity: The proposed bypass alignment is passing through Seismic Zone II as indicated in IRC-6-1996 clause 222.3 and appendix 5 of IRC of IRC 78-1979. According to BIS zoning map (IS:1893)the Allahabad region indicates a low key of potential earthquake with Zone II having a basehorizontal seismic coefficient of 0.02.

Soils: The Allahabad bypass area as a whole is the alluvial plain of Ganga river. In general the soil isalluvial, pale brown to whitish in color and loam to sandy loam in texture (sand 40-45%, silt 28%,and clay 27%). The soils are neutral to moderately alkaline with accumulation of calcium in the formof lime at varying depths and sizes.

Landuse : Proposed bypass alignment is passing through predominantly rural agricultural land, withscattered community water bodies, orchards, villages etc. It is not affecting any major humansettlements. Only 97 village households are getting affected. Total land required is 781 ha. Out ofwhich, 84 percent is cultivated land, about 7-8 percent is fallow land, and balanced is water bodies.Of the total cultivated land 80 percent is irrigated and about 10 percent is non-irrigated.

Soil Erosion: Soil erosion is not a prominent feature in project influence area.

Quarries and Crushers: The potential quarries identified for the Allahabad bypass project are Dalla,Birohi, Kabrai, Banda and Shankargarh quarries for obtaining sand and aggregates. These areapproved quarries by UPPWD and already in operation with the required environmental clearances.No new quarries have been proposed for this project.

Borrow Pits: Borrow pits are identified within 100 - 600m of RoW along the bypass. Based on thetotal requirement and availability of each soil type, estimates of soil quantity to be obtained fromeach of the borrow areas were worked out in accordance with the National Standards, recommendedby the Indian Roads Congress (IRC) 1. The material available from these pits will not be enough forthe construction works. In order to meet additional requirements of earth works, blending of sands isproposed. The sand for this purpose will be mined from Ganga riverbed.

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Noise: The noise levels at start and end point of bypass have been found to exceed the prescribedlimits due to heavy traffic. But at rural locations the day and night 'Leq' values are well within thestipulated limits of CPCB for residential areas. A variation of more than 5 dB (A) to 10 dB (A) wasobserved at the monitoring locations between the day and night time noise levels. The values arrivedfor day and night from the measured noise levels at an interval of 1 minute at vanous locations alongthe project route presented below:

Noise Levels along Proposed Bypass Alignment

Leq day T Leq nightS. No. Survey Station (SS) (15 hourly) (9 hourly)

_ _ _ __ ___ _____ dB(A) dB (A)1 Murat Ganj(tart of Byass) _ __ __ __60 502 ear Ganga River _____ 1 48 383 Near Doab River v 47 384 Malak Balau _______ ___ 51 445 t'i38 Crossings 53 47

___ ___ __ _ _ _ _ ___ __ __ _ 53 47___6_ ar rFateh _ _ _ 50 40

7 1SH-9_Crossing_ _ 54 508 ISH-9 Crossing at Chainage 216 52 549 a aka Village at Chainge 211 ___ _ 43 3910 __Handia (End of Bypass) 62 48Source : Noise level measurements carried out by independent reviewers

Terrestrial Ecology

Vegetation and Habitats: The study area is predominantly cultivated land interrupted by scatteredhuman settlements with cluster of thatched houses, orchards and common native trees present hereand there near to the houses, along the village roads, on the bank of the streams/ canals and inside theagricultural land. Narrow strip of grasses are encounter at the riparian zone of the river Ganga/ otherflowing water bodies.

Crops in the fields are the predominant features of the study area. Besides the crops other vegetationare common trees i.e., Mango, Jack fruits, Jamun, Guava, Shisham, Neem, Amla, Mohua, Bahr,Baher, Gular, Babool, Eucalyptus etc. A total of 3298 numbers of trees have been identified to be cutfrom the RoW. In which about 1046 fruit bearing trees from the thirty affected orchards have beenidentified. The agricultural lands through which bypass alignment passes are highly productive andgive four crops annually.The project-influenced area does not have any forests land or endangered species of vegetation.

The entire length of Allahabad bypass falls mainly under the administrative control of Kausambi andAllahabad forest divisions. No national park, sanctuary, wild life reserves or reserved forests arepresent in near vicinity. The nearest wildlife sanctuary (Chitrakoot) is beyond 60 kms from thebypass alignment.

Wild Life: The wild fauna are negligible within the study area. Common native fauna like Neelgai,Hyaena, Jackal, Rabbit, Porcupine etc. are rarely encountered in village out skirts and in the bank ofnvers/streams. Total 33 varieties of animals (10 varieties of mammals, 7 varieties of reptiles and 16types of birds) are enlisted from various secondary sources. None are endangered/ vulnerable/rarespecies except one bird, Pavo cristatus (Peacock), the national bird of India. Peacock is commonlyfound in this area.

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Aquatic Ecology

Ecology of River Ganga

Physico-chemical status: The riverbed in the project-influenced stretch has sandy soil with 79 to 99.7% sand and nil to 12% clay. Soil pH varies 7.1 to 8.4, free CaCO3 ranges 0.25 to 5.50 ppm in winterand 0.75 to 8.50 during summer and monsoon seasons, organic carbon varies from 0.02 to 0.35 %,average productivity is 3221 calories/ m2 /day (ranges from 1800-6900 calories/ m2/day) as per thesecondary data collected from CICFRI, Allahabad.

Dominance and Diversity of Plankton: Total algal population during winter season varied between145 and 174 cells ml-1. Altogether 23 genera from 4 groups were recorded of which dominance ofBacillariophyta over Chlorophyta, Uglenophyta and Cyanophyta indicates that organic pollutants donot enrich the water bodies.

There are 3 dominant groups of zooplankton represented by rotifera followed by protozoa andArthropoda (cladocera, copepoda and nauplius larvae). Almost all the species recorded are mostcommon in clean water as well as in partially polluted freshwater contaminated by organic matter.

11 types of macrobenthos from the groups Ephemeroptera, Diptera, Mollusca and Pisces wererecorded.

Fisheries: Large scale commercial fisheries are lacking within the study area. The State FisheriesDepartment has recorded 15 varieties of fishes and one variety of prawn from this area. In which 10varieties are commercially important major carps i.e., Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala,Labeo calbasu and rest are larger cat fishes ( i.e., Mystus aor, M. seenghala, Rita rita, and wallogoauttu), smaller cat fishes and miscellaneous fish including minor carps.

10. Socio- Economic Environment

The bypass passes through three districts namely Allahabad, Kaushambi and Pratapgarh. The totalnumber of Tehsils, blocks and villages affected from the project are presented in the following table.

Number of affected Tehsils, Blocks and Villages

Name of Affected Bypass Number of Number of Number ofDistrict Length, Km Affected Affected Blocks Affected

Allahabad 71.67 3 6 97

Kaushambi 6.36 2 2 8

Pratapgarh 6.67 1 1 5

Total 84.7 6 9 110Source: Primary Data

Land Acquisition: The total land requirements of 781 ha have been worked out for differentpurposes of the project. Out of this, 687 ha of private land would be acquired in the three districtscovenng 110 villages, while 94 ha of Govt./Gram Sabha land will be transferred to NHAI. Thedistrict wise land acquisition details are given in the following Table.

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for .Allahabad Bypass of NH-2

District wise Land Acquisition

Name of district Chainage No. of Land in Havillages (Private & Govtlaffected G. S Land)

Kaushambi Km 158- Km 164.36 8 105.83

Pratapgarh Km 164.36- km 171.03 5 50.29

Allahabad Km 171.03-Km 242.70 97 624.88

Total 110 781

Source: Primary Data

Demographic Profile: The demographic trend in Allahabad has had a considerable populationgrowth of 30.7 percent during 1991-2001, which is much higher than the state's decadal growth rate.The decadal growth for Kaushambi and Pratapgarh has observed a much lower growth rate.

Viewing the rural-urban dichotomy, Pratapgarh district indicates 94.7% rural population followedby 92% in Kausambi whereas Allahabad accounts for 75.4 percent as it is more urbanized with alarger percentage of population living in urban areas. Further, the male to female ratio reveals thatPratapgarh has 983 females per thousand males, which was higher than other two districts. Thenumber of male PAPs above 18 years of age is 10,477 and the number of female PAPs above 18years of age is 7,743. Percentage of male PAPs above 18 years of age is 36.2% and female PAPs is26.7%.

Social Profile: The literacy pattern reveals that Allahabad district accounts for highest literacy rateof 80.7 percent (86.20 % for males and 73.87 % for females). The least literacy level was inKausambi coupled with low rate of social development in the district.

It can be viewed that Pratapgarh district accounts for highest overall rural literacy pattern of 57.7 %and 74.0% for males and 41.3% for females. This is closely followed by Allahabad district with56.5% (overall) literacy arte and 73.6% for males and 37.3% for females.

The category wise analysis of vulnerable project affected families' reveal that schedule casteaccounts for highest percentage of 52.3 percent in the project area. In detail, Pratapgarh has about62.0 % SC families, followed 52.3 percent in Allahabad and 42.5% in Pratapgarh. The BelowPoverty Line PAFs is maximum in Kausambi district, accounting for 42.5% percent of the totalvulnerable sections in the district. The percentage of schedule tribes is 0.4% in Allahabad, whereasthere are no scheduled tribes in other two districts.

Economic Prorile: The majority of the PAF are engaged in agriculture. The prime occupation ofpeople in the region is agriculture. However, most of the farmers belong to small and marginalcategory. Occupational Pattern of the project affected families are presented below:

Occupational pattern of the project affected families in the project area

Districts Number of PAFs in Different Occupations

Agricul- Sh C Business HH Labor Govt Private Totalture Industry (non- Service service

Allahabad 3506 69 7 5 agriculture) 39 40 3669Kausambi 289 7 2 I- - - 299Pratapgarh 360 8 -| 2 1 3 I 375Source Prinmary Data * Sh C sharecropper # HH Household

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2 L

The primary data on workforce participation rate (WFPR) indicate that PAPs in Allahabad hasWFPR of 38.6 percent followed by Pratapgarh (28.1 percent) and Kausambi (21.6 percent).

Project Affected Families: The project affected families (PAF) are mainly divided into twocategories - titleholders (98%) and non-titleholders families (2%). Details are as follows:

Titleholder: The titleholder families constitute 98% of the total PAF of 4343. Out of total 4257titleholder families, 97.61% are losing agnculture land, 2.23% are losing residential structures,0.09% commercial structures and remaining 0.07% losing both residential & commercial structures.Out of the total 4257 titleholder PAFs, 84.57% families belong to Allahabad, 6.86% are fromKaushambi and 8.62% from Pratapgarh districts.

Project Affected Families -Title holders

No. of No. of No. of families No. of familiesPackages families families loosing loosing residential

loosing loosing cornmercial & commercial Totala2ril. land residence structures structures

Allahabad 3506 85 4 3 3598

Kaushambi 289 3 - - 292

Pratapgarh 360 7 - - 367

Total 4155 95 4 3 4257Source: Primaiy data

Non-title Holders: Only 86 non-titleholder families getting affected, who mainly constitute thesharecroppers (persons who have formally or informally come to an agreement with private propertyowner to cultivate the land, constitutes 2% of PAFs) and interested persons (who do not have thelegal documents or registry entries to confirm their ownership of the plot but because of longoccupancy they enjoy the right of the possession). The details of the affected non-titleholders arepresented below:

Distribution of Non Title Holder Project Affected Families

Categories/ Allahabad Kaushambi Pratapgarh | TotalDistricts Sh C* Sh C IP Sh C UP ShC IP

Agriculture 69 7 8 84

lResidential - 2 -- - - 2

iTotal 69 2 7 8 84 2Source. Primary data Sh C-sharecroppers, # IP - interested persons

Vulnerable: There are 914 (21.4%) vulnerable families out of the total 4343 PAFs. 95.7% of PAVFsare legal titleholders, whereas 4.3% are non-titleholders. Further classification of PAVFs indicatethat there are 52.3% SC (scheduled caste) families, 32.38% BPL (below poverty line) families,15.21% WHH (women headed families) and remaining 0.3% ST (schedules tribe) families. It is alsorevealed that

Project displaced families: 560 families are likely to be displaced out of which 558 titleholders and2 non-title holders. In which 171 vulnerable families (30% of the total PDFs) are also there.

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2 i

Loss of Livelihood: Out of total 4343 affected households, 4246 families losing their livelihood.Out of that, 4155 farmlies would loose their agricultural land, whereas 7 families would loose theircommercial activities and 84 families would lose their share cropping activity (livelihood).

Common Properties: In addition to land acquisition few other common properties are affected viz.4 temples, 4 schools, one police station and 3 panchayat ghars. Following table gives the details ofthe common to be acquired during the construction of the project.

Common Properties Getting Affected

S.No. Properties No. Remark1. Schools 4 To be relocated2. Temple 4 -do -3. Panchyat Ghar 3 - do-4. Police Station 1 - do-5. Tube wells 37 - do-6. Wells 44 -do-

Source: Prirnary Data

11. Community Participation and Consultation

Public participation and community consultation has been taken up as an integral part of social andenvironmental assessment process. Consultation was used as a tool to inform and educatestakeholders about the proposed actions. It assisted in the identification of the problems associatedwith the project as well as the needs of the population likely to be impacted.

The public consultations in the project area were held at Village level, Block level, District leveland State level. Discussions were also held with the Allahabad Development Authority, forcomprehending their vision regarding implications of comdor development within the overallframework of regional development of the project area. The consultation programme during projectpreparation was designed with the view to disseminate project information and to incorporate localpeople and PAPs' opinion in Resettlement Action Plan. The consultations have been carned out withdifferent stakeholders with special emphasis on the vulnerable groups.

The key informants during the project preparation phase included both individuals and groupsnamely:

Head of households and members of households affected by the projectClusters of PAPsVillage Panchayats;Local voluntary organisations, and CBOs / NGOs;Government agencies and departments;Other project stakeholders with special focus on women and PAPs belonging to the vulnerablegroups.

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The various levels at which the consultation were held included:

Various levels ofConsultations\

Local/villae Districtleve Allahabadand block level | | n ee | | State level] |Developmen

t Authority

Target group-Women folk- SC/ ST

- other vulnerable

Local level Consultations

Consultations at the local level were carried out in all the 110 villages belonging to 8 tehsils / blocks.

Methods used for local level consultationsIndividual household level consultationFocus Group discussions with men and women group separately.Formal public consultations involving all the sections of the societyat strategic locations.

Local Level ( Village level) Consultations during the Screening Study -2001 are summarized below:

Issues Discussed 8.1 OutcomeRelocation Options of PDPs whose residential structures are getting affected prefer to getand relocated nearby.Compensations/Assistan The owner expressed his constraints in shifting the kiln.ce residential structures Workers raised the issue of loss of their livelihood.Relocation Options and.Compensation of Brick During consultation they were convinced to relocate the same to akilns nearby place thereby ensuring restoration of the livelihood of theLoss of livelihood of workers.workers People expressed their views on the risk involved if the road passedRelocation choices and through the village affecting residential structures on both sides.Safety due to alignment The PDP's getting affected proposed that they should be shifted to theRelocation of school one side of the road to ensure road safety for villagers/road users.buildings People expressed their views on the risk involved if the road passed6. Relocation of through the village affecting residential structures on both sides.Temples Relocation of schools and temples to sites identified in consultation

I with the villagers and the village Panchayat.*1 Temple would be relocated in consultation with the villagers and at the site as provided by the gram Panchayat and mutually agreed.

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH -2

Summary of Block Level / Village Consultations

Issues Raised Suggestions / Demands of Probable Mitigation MeasuresPAPs

Market Place (N Chandra Demand of service roads for Redesign of intersectionMarket at Kokhraj) issued by safe movement of local people Relocation of demolished shopsPanchayat Suggestions on shop relocation A double story - shopping complex can be built on GovtRelocation of shops for new market complex land in the nearby areaDraiunage and sewage problem Adequate Compensation Construction of service roads and stnct enforcement ofCompensation / Assistance Compensation to be paid to the parking and traffic rules will have to be implemented toLoss of Livelihood actual titleholder discipline the traffic flow

Land acquisition & mode of Land for land is desirable Structures avoided to mnimize loss of landcompensation Land should be allocated within The villagers were told about the replacement cost for land,Safety along the Bypass the village-withm 5 km. radius which could enable them to purchase landAlignment Compensation for the crops The policy provisions of payment of compensation for

should be provided standing and non-perennial crops were explained to thePAPs should be provided PAPsemployment opportunties The provision for support for livelihood options and skillAdequate measures for training as a part of the econormc rehabilitation wasrestoration of livelihood through explained to them.skill enhancement required

PAPs expressed their concem Land for land preferably within The alignment crosses the abadi area of the villagefor the safety of their children the villagewhere adequate safety masuresBypass alignment All farmers loosing total land Compensation would be paid as per the entitlement

should be compensated as per frameworkprevailing market pnce Skill enhancement measures would be taken up for theThey may also be provided with restoration of livelihood and employment oppomtnitiessuitable livelihood options. would be generated

The land for bypass is being The local people require The villagers were made to understand that the nearness ofacquired facilities for crossing the road. the village to the city and the road would further facilitateThe land is fertile and the All compensation be paid at of mobility, hence the business options may be profitablefarmers are dependant on the land prevailing at the time of The possibilities of employment in the constructionland for livelihood. implementation contracts were explained The contractors are expected toDivision of land due to the Literate people to be given jobs employ a large number of local labours, including thebypass by NHAI. skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled laborsProblems of imgation and Less educated PAPs be given Locations of underpass/ overpass identifiedconsequent redundancy of land skill training for reconstructing

their livelihood and are able toregain the loss of income.

An effort to avoid land If bypass is constructed then the The possibilities of employment in the constructionacquisition for bypass and following should be taken into contracts were explainedstrengthen the existing road. considerationCompensationMode of payment Adequate employmentDelivery mechanism. opportunities for restoration of

livelihood of PAPsSkill enhancement measures

District - Level Consultations

District level consultations were complementary to the local and village level consultationsconducted along the project comdor. The participants included the Distnct Magistrate, district levelofficials from the line departments, representatives of the PAPs and NHAI officials. Project relatedliterature were prepared in Hindi and English and distributed among all participants during themeetings. The entire proceedings of the meetings were video-recorded. Summary of District levelconsultations are summarized below:

In assclaUen with


District Level Consultations

District Locati Date of Issues Raised Suggestions/Demands of the Probable Mitigation Measures/on Consultat participants Assurances Given By The NHAI

ionAccess Control Access control road would prevent Suggestions have been

Kausham Kokhar 13 01 200 Market Place (Nehru recurrent road accidents and allow incorporated tn final engineenngbi z 2 Market at Kokhraj) smooth flow of fast moving traffic design Provisions of service

issued by Panchayat Provision of service road for roads, underpasses and overpassesRelocation of shops movement of village bound traffic have been made to allowDrainage and sewage Shop to be relocated, or a new increased accessibihty betweenproblem market complex to be built in villages without causmg anyCompensation / consultation with PAPs. disruption to the day to dayAssistance Compensation to be paid at market activities of the villagersLoss of Livelihood value Redesign of intersectionRoad Safety Compensation to be paid to the Relocation of demolished shopsBrick Kilns gettmg actual titleholder. A double storey shoppingaffected Provision of drainage facilities complex can be built on GovtLoss of employment of Employment in the project for those land in the nearby area.the Bnck Kiln workers losing income opportunsttes Compensation at replacementPetrol Pump getting Demand of service roads for safe valueaffected movement of local people. Training for self employment /Encroachment Awareness among villagers dovetailing with poverty

regarding safety measures alleviation schemes of GOIAlignment of road to be shifted to Construction of service roads andavoid bnck kiln as it absorbs stnct enforcement of parking andvillagers dunng non-agncultural traffic rules will have to beseasons If realignment is not implemented to bnng discipline inpossible then compensation should the traffic flowbe paid at replacement value to the Alignment cannot be shifted toowner save the bnck kilns butPetrol pump will be partially compensation will be paid ataffected; compensation should be replacement value and workerspaid at replacement value will also be compensated for the

loss of workdays.

Loss of agncultural Land for land preferably within the Compensation at replacementPratapgar Shamas 11 01 200 land village value and the actual titleholderh pur 2 Demolition of houses / Compensation to be paid at market will be compensated after

structures value venfication by the projectCompensation / Compensation to be paid to the authontiesAssistance actual titleholder Compensation for structures willLA and Mode of People not aware of the LA process be paid at replacement value andcompensation / LA Preference to be given to local PAPs will be relocated atprocess NGOs for RAP implementation resettlement sites pnor toNGO selection process Employment in the project for those demolition of the structuresLoss of Livelihood losing income opportuities LA procedure to be explained toEmployment dunng Identify altemative income the people dunng implementationconstruction restoration measures and also in RAP documentIncome restoration Loss of trees and orchards to be Training for self employment /options compensated by the project dovetauling with povertyLoss of trees / orchards Demand of service roads for safe alleviation schemes of GOIRoad Safety movement of local people Altemative income restorationPAPs expressed their Awareness among villagers options have been suggested inconcem for the safety regardmg safety measures RAP documentof their children due to PAPs to be consulted dunng Loss of trees and orchards will befast moving traffic to identification of relocation sites compensatedresult after the Resettlement sites should have the Adequate measures would beconstruction of the basic amemties incorporated in the Highwaybypass designs to shift the ahgnment toDrainage and sewage avoid habitation in the mainRelocation sites village and there will be adequateBasic Amenities in provision of safety railings /resettlement colonies signage as the bypass will be an

access controlled oneConstruction of service roads andstnct enforcement of parking andtraffic rules will have to beimplemented to bnng disciplne inthe traffic flow.Drainage facility will be provided

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District Locati Date of Issues Raised Suggestions/Demands of the Probable Mitigation Measures/on Consultat participants Assurances Given By The NHAI

ionImgation units will be replacedby the projectRelocation sites will be finalizedin consultation with the PAPs andbasic amenities will be providedin resettlement colonies

Access Control People felt that access control would Parallel service road has beenAllahabad Kaunh 2001 200 Bypass alignment ensure road safety, reduce traveling provided all along the bypass

ar Inter 2 Loss of agncultural time to the nearby towns & markets Locations of underpasses /College land Service roads, pedestnan crossings overpasses have been finalized in

Demolition of houses / to be provided to ensure easy consultation with the PAPsstructures accessibility across and withun Compensation at replacementCompensation / villages value and the actual titleholderAssistance Residential structures should be will be compensated with pnorLA and Mode of avoided venfication by the projectcompensation / LA Land for land preferably within the authontiesprocess village Compensation for structures willNGO selection process All farmers losing land should be be paid at replacement value andLoss of Livelihood due compensated at prevailing market PAPs will be relocated atto acquisition of fenile pnce resettlement sites pnor toagncultural land Compensation to be paid to the demolition of the structuresEmployment dunng actual titleholder. LA procedure explained to theconstruction People loosing land to be provided people and also in RAP documentIncome restoration with suitable livelihood options Training for self employment Ioptions People whose land gets fragmented dovetailing with povertyLoss of trees / orchards should be compensated for the total alleviation schemes of GOIRoad Safety land Altemative income restorationPAPs expressed their People not aware of the LA process options have been suggested inconcem for the safety Preference to be given to local NGO RAP documentof their children due to for RAP implementation Loss of trees and orchards will befast moving traffic to Employment in the project for those compensatedresult after the losing income opportunities Adequate measures would beconstruction of the Identify alternate income restoration incorporated in the Highwaybypass measures designs to shift the ahgnment toDrainage and sewage Loss of trees and orchards to be avoid dense settlements in theproblem compensated by the project main village and there will belmgation Unuts Demand of service roads for safe adequate provision of safetyRelocation sites movement of local people railings / signage as the bypassBasic amenities in Awareness among villagers will be an access controlled oneresettlement colonies regarding safety measures Stnct enforcement of parking andBnck Klilns getting Provision of drainage facilities traffic rules will be implementedaffected Imgation unuts should be replaced to bring discipline un the trafficShrines getting by the project flowaffected PAPs to be consulted dunng Drainage facility will be provided

identification of relocation sites Adequate assistance andResettlement sites should have the compensation would be paid tobasic amenities the PAPs losing imgationImgation facilities to be provided to facilitiesthose who own means of imgation Relocation sites will be finalizedFarmers losing total land should be in consultation with the PAPs andgiven rehabilitation assistance basic amenities will be providedMarginal farmers to be provided in resettlement colomeswith jobs for restonng their Persons working in Bnck Kilnslivelihood would receive assistance for lossAlignment of road to be shufted to of workdays and the owner willavoid bnck kiln as it absorbs be compensated at current marketvillagers dunng non-agncultural valueseasons. If realignmnent is not Alternative income restorationpossible rehabilitation assistance to options for farmers loosing totalbe paid to the workers for loss of land and marginal farmers haveworkdays and owner to be been suggested in RAP documentcompensated at current market Temples will be relocated invalue consultation with the PAPsTemples to be relocated inconsultation with the GramPanchayats and villagers

In association with

Combined Executive Summary of EIAEMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2

State - Level Consultation

State level consultation workshop was held in January and February 2002 to promote awareness andunderstanding about the proposed project.

The participants included local people, social and environmental experts from academicorganisations, NGOs, NHAI, representatives of the District Administration (Allahabad, Kausambi,and Pratapgarh), Land and Land Revenue Departments, Forest Department and others.Summary of the State level consultations are presented below:

State Level Consultations as held on 25-02-2002 at AllahabadIssues Raised Suggestions / Demands of the Participants Probable Mitigation Measures

Suggested

Access Control Dissemmate the pros and cons of access control to villagers The concept of access controlRoad Safety Provision of service roads so that day to day activities of the disseminated to the PAPsDrainage villagers are not impaired Suggestions incorporated in DetailedAccessibility from Special provisions in road design to accommodate free flow of Engineenng DesignState roads, village village bound slow moving traffic along cross roads, cart tracks, Drainage would be providedroads, MDR and village tracks

Awareness program on road safety issues to be conductedSafety is an important issue especially for children, women andcattleProper drainage facilities should be provided

Minimizing negative To avoid settlements, community assets, trees, orchards Suggestions have been consideredsocal and Relocation and resettlement should be muinmuzed dunng finalization of the alignmentsenvironmental impacts Environmental Improvements will be

done as per final recommendation offorest authonties and IRC code

Land Acquisition Explaining PAPs the compensation pnnciples and procedure LA process explained to people dunngprocedure and mode of Timely disbursement of compensation community consultation and also inpayment Assessment of market value of land to be conducted RAP

Notification about the cut-off date by the govemment through The emphasis is on speeding up of thethe media and press will prevent further land transactions. compensation payment process

Compensation / Compensation to be as per the market rates, land for land and Compensation to be paid at replacementassistance assets for assets valueProvision for squatters Land for Land would be the best option R&R assistance for squatters// encroachers The land allotted as compensation should not be fragmented and encroachers with special assistance toLivelihood losses their location and type is important the vulnerable groupRelocation Acquisition of land and other immovable properties ands Loss of livelihood would beRelocation / resettlement should be on the basis of "do first, then remove" compensated m terns of developmentreplacement of A need to work out the modalities for squatters and encroachers based employment generation andcommunity assets Efforts should be made to prevent loss of livelihoods. occupation sustainable in local social -

PAPs want to be relocated along with their peer groups environmental context.Special care would be taken inremoving or shifting the scared treesand selection of sites for schools andtemples being affected

Income restoration Altemative income restoration schemes to be designed Suggestion has been considered moptions RAP.

The vulnerable groups would beidentified to be given specialconsideration for resettlement /rehabilitation on pnonty basis.

Environmental Special measures to be taken to improve environmental quality Natural landscape and landaus pattemsenhancement Forest Department to provide technical support to protect local would be maintained and improvedEmussions from road flora and fauna upon by controlling soil erosion etcworks, higher traffic (refer to EMP)volume etc woulddetenorate the airqualitySource of water and Replacement of all water sources, imgation units by the project Crossing of main canal/ system haveimgation facilities been so designed so as to not disturb thewould be affected. existing pnmary sources of imagtion

Institutional To ensure close coordination between NHAI, NGO and other Coordination between GovemmentalArrangements lme departments departments is vital for implementation

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Issues Raised Suggestions / Demands of the Participants Probable Mitigation MeasuresSuggested

Selection of NGOs Locally based NGO to be given preference of the Resettlement Action PlanNHAI to organize training programmes on R&R issues for Preference will be given to local NGOsNGOs and NHAI officials and NHAI will organize a resettlement-

training programme pnor toimplementation of the project tosensitize project functionanes onresettlement issues

People's Participation To ensure people's participation in identification of relocation People's participation mechanisms havesites, and altemative income restoration options been indicated in RAPDevice gnevance redressal mechanism to resolve disputes and People will be consulted frequentlytimely disbursement of compensation dunng the implementation stageDevice mechanisms of public participation in m&e of theproject

These recommendations of the state / district or local / village level consultations have been carefullyconsidered in the design. While finalizing the bypass alignment, the views of the PAPs, andoutcomes of the district and state level consultations have been considered.

Plans For Continued Participation

The following sets of activities are required for proper Implementation of the RAP. These will helpthe process of resettlement and rehabilitation to be effective, and will ensure time-boundachievements.

Information Disclosure

The RAP will be disclosed at several locations, for the benefit of the interested community and thestakeholders. The following are the components of disclosure of project information.

The NGOs involved in implementation of the RAP will organize public meetings and will appraisethe communities about the progress in the implementation of R & R works.There will be Grievance Redressal Committees (GRCs) for each distnct. The PAPs will beassociated with such committees (each of the committees will include representative of the PAPs).The resettlement sites, and other amenities and facilities to be made available to the PAPs will bedecided in consultation with the communities.The NGOs will organize public meetings to inform the community about the compensation andassistance to be paid. Regular update of the progress of resettlement component of the project will beplaced for public display at the PIU office.All monitoring and evaluation reports of the R & R components of the project will be disclosed inthe same manner as that of the RAP report suggested above.

Community Participation

To implement the RAP in a proper way, it is essential to provide scope of involving communites andeffected persons in the process. Mechanisms of continuous participation described below:

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Combined Executive Summary of EIAIEMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2

Continued Participation Mechanisms

Project PAPs NGOs Hosts Project & Local OfficialsStage _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Planning Participate in public Assist in impact assessment Provide information or Provide information onmeetings Assist in census and SE survey vanous aspects of host PAPs' skills etcIdentify altematives to Participate in coordination communities Suggest ways to mnimiuuzeavoid or munimuze commnttee Assists in data collection and impactsdisplacement Participate in group meetings design Indicate local staff andAssist in developing and Design and implement on Provide inputs to site budget capacity forchoosing altemative information campaigns selection. relocation.options for relocation and Support group formation, Identify possible conflict Assist NGOs in

income generation problem identification and areas with PAPs. information dissemunationHelp to choose planmng for PAPs and hosts Identify social and cultural Participate in consultationsresettlement sites Design and participatory facilities needed at Examine the feasibility ofParticipate in survey. process resettlement sites IG schemes and discussParticipate in meetings Suggest mechanism for Assist in identification of IG with PAPswith host population gnevance redressal and conflict schemes Help m documentationProvide inputs to resolution, Help in developing a process and consultationsentitlement provisions Assist in preparation of action of consultation betweenAssist in preparation of plan hosts and PAPsaction plan Suggest mechamsm forSuggest the mechanism gnevance redressal andfor gnevance redressal conflict resolutionconflict resolution, andparticipate in gnevanceredressal mechanism.Participate in coordinationcommnittees

Implemen Participate in Provide on going information Assist APO in relocation Process IG proposalstation implementation of support for PAPs and hosts Manage common property at Participate in gnrevance

activities Provide support in group site and participate in local redressal mechanismParticipation in local management comnumttees Provide assistance underdecision making activities Monitor entitlement provisions Assist PAPs in integration local schemesDecide on management of and implementation of IG with Hosts Participate as member ofcommon properties schemes Use established mechanusms implementationParticipate in gnevance Assist in implementing for gnevance redressal comnumtteeredressal mechanism Provide support to RAPMonitor provision of implementationentitlements Traimng to eligible PAPsLabour and other inputs at Support to vulnerable groupssite Evaluate community processCredit and other group and social preparationscheme management Provide advice on gnevanceO & M of sites and project redressalinputsMembers ofimplementationcomnumttee

M & E Participate in gnevance Provide infomiation to project Provide inputs to M & E of Ongoing interaction withtnbunals staff on vulnerable groups R & R PAPs to identify problemsReport to project Act as M & E agency for in IG programmesauthonties on IG schemes project Participantee inReport on service, quality Act as extemal monitors for correctional strategiesof sites project (where not previously

involved)

12. Impact Assessment

The impacts have qualitatively been weighed on low, high or moderate based on level of impacts dueto the project during various stages i.e., planning, design, construction, and operation stages.

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Natural and Biophysical Environment

Meteorological Parameters: No change in the macro-climatic setting (precipitation, temperatureand wind) is envisaged due to the project. The overall impact on meteorology of the region is notgoing to be significant and therefore has been categorised as low.Air: The area will be impacted by air pollution both during construction and operation stages. Majorimpacts are:

i) Dusts: Generation of dust is a critical issue and is likely to have adverse impact on health ofworkers in quarries, borrow areas and stone crushing units during pre-construction and constructionstages. This is a direct adverse impact will last almost throughout the construction period.

ii) Generation of Exhaust Gases: Generation of exhaust gases is likely during the pre-constructionstage due to movement of heavy machinery for clearance of the RoW for construction. High levelsof SO2, HC and NO, are likely to be emitted from hot mix plant operations, and heating processduring bitumen production. If adequate measures are taken, impacts from generated gases can beconsiderably reduced. In the Operation Stage the major impact on air quality will be due to plying ofvehicles.

The Mathematical model study has been carried out to predict the anticipated pollution load usingCALINE-3. As SPM level is already high in some locations and its emission from vehicles will beminimal, therefore particulates are not modeled, only CO and NO level have been assessed. Thepredictions have been carried out for 2006, 2026 and 2036. As per the modeled study predicted COvalues are well within the limits and NO, exceed the prescnbed levels at start and end points ofbypass. The predicted concentrations are presented below.

Predicted Pollutant Levels along Allahabad Bypass Alignment

Background Predicted Incremental Predicted Concentration aaro Location Concentration Concentration(jig/r 3) (gg/m3) Sm_)tz I ___ _

(jig/r3) 2006- 2036 I 2036 2006 2026 2036CO 3670 101 184 366 3771 38541 4036 4000

_ . uratGaj NO% 24.5 20 27 F59 44 .5 51.5 83.5 80_____ ___ _ ____ _____ ___ ____ ____ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ __ _ __ _

2 ISH-38 Crossing CO917 1 0 1 _ .184 366 ! 1018 1101 1283 10002 NO% 21.6 20 27 59 41 6 48.6.80.6 = 30

3 SH-7Crossing - C0~1378 _ __1 184i 366j _1478 152 1744 1000S-Crossing - ___.___ ________ NO 18 6 20 27 38.6 45.6 77 6 _30

CO NIL 101 18 36 0 104 364. Malaka at Chainage CNI_ 1 6 10 27 -59 3646 46 76.6

__ _ _____ __ 19___ 27 _ --. __ 59 3. _ .__ 7.6__i _ CO 1376 101 184__ 366 147 7 1560 1742 4000

5 Handia (end of bypass)1811 16J5~ _ Hand_ (end of bypass) NO 21.3 -27t 59 40.3 48.3 82 3 80

Alteration of Drainage:The impact on the flowing water bodies will mainly during constructionperiod for the diversion of watercourses. This will cause constriction, increase velocity at thedownstream of the bridge and increase sediment load with the flow. However, the impact shall berestricted during construction period of the projectThe drainage pattem of the area has been studied and cross drainage structures have been provided tofacilitate natural drainage across the alignment. Therefore, the road design itself takes care of thecross-pavement drainage and local flooding or water logging.

Increased Sedimentation and Degradation of Water Quality: Soil in the study area is alluvialtype with a high silt composition, which will cause siltation of near by water bodies. Numerousirrigation canals that criss-cross the study area are unlikely to be subjected to run-off dischargesbecause they have properly raised berms on their banks.

<7fl/ W InassoelaUonwlth ,23 -InassoclaUon with

Combined Executive Summary of EIAIEMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2 4)Degradation of water quality is also possible due to accidental discharges into watercourses fromdrainage of workers' camps and from spillage in vehicle parking and/or fuel and lubricant storageareas. Since the soil is alluvial and contains a large proportion of silt, percolation to underlyingaquifer will be very fast. Therefore, any pollutant discharge may quickly percolate into the depths ofthe earth.

In the operation phase, there is little chance of degradation of water quality and the aquaticecosystem during normal operations except accidental discharges, which are potentially disastrous.But, the probability of such an accident is quite low.

Loss of Water bodies / Groundwater sources: A total of 12 ponds, and a number of wells and handpumps are located within the RoW of proposed alignment, which will be either partially orcompletely filled up for the bypass road construction.

The loss of these sources of drinking water would be a direct negative impact. However, the projectenvisages replacement of each source of water supply before removing them. The location of thesenew sources will be decided in consultation with affected population. Therefore, the eventual impactof the proposed bypass construction may only be marginal.

Flood Hazard: Rivers in project-influenced area are prone to occasional flood. To avoid the damageof the pavement and road sections carriageway is kept above HFL Further, adequate sized drains inmedian and on either side of service roads have been planned to avoid flooding of road surface.

Loss of Soil: Loss of productive soil, albeit dunng the construction stage only. Beside the Row suchloss is envisaged at locations of workers' camps, stockyards, storage godowns etc. Provision hasbeen made in EMP to ensure that no productive areas are used for these allied activities. In any case,though it would be a direct impact but it would be reversible and low in nature.

Seismicity: The entire length of Allahabad bypass falls in Zone II with a seismic coefficient of 0.02.Hence, the area is relatively stable. Road construction in this area will have little impact on its overallearthquake potential since no blasting is envisaged at the construction site.

Change in Land Use: The land use this area will change permanently due to construction of road.The fertile agriculture land coming within the ROW will be lost permanently. During constructionperiod there will be temporary land acquisition for access road for construction of Ganga bridge, forlocation of crushers, hot mix plants and workers camp for all the three sub construction packages.

Soil Erosion: The soil of the study area varies from loam to sandy loam which is potential forerosion. Erosion will be exacerbated to denuding the soil. This will however be for the duration untilthe compensatory afforestation and roadside turfing have matured. In stretches where raisedcarriageway has been planned, slope protection measures are a must. However, to prevent the erodedmaterial from entering the watercourse, silt fencing or cascade arrangements will be provided at theend of ditches as they enter into the water bodies.No soil erosion is envisaged when the road is in operation as all the slopes and embankments of theproject road shall be stabilized through sound engineering techniques.

Compaction of soil: Compaction of soil will occur in the pre-construction stage (particularly duringsite clearance stage) due to movement of heavy machinery and vehicles, setting up of constructioncamps and stockyards. However, this is a short duration impact. Appropriate measures have beenspecified in the Environmental Management Plan to minimize the area of soil compaction.

Contamination of Soil: Soil contamination may take place due to moving vehicles or solid wastecontamination from the labour camp set up during pre-construction stage. The sites where

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construction vehicles are parked and serviced are likely to be contaminated because of leakage orspillage of fuel, lubricants, asphalt or bitumen from constuction vehicle and hot mix plants. Refuseand solid waste from labour camps can also contaminate the soil. Unwarranted disposal ofconstruction spoil and debris will add to soil contamination. Contamination of soil duringconstruction might be a major long-term residual negative impact. This contamination is likely to becarried over to water bodies in case of dumping being done near water body.

Consumption of Natural Resources:Quarries: As no new Quarry needs to be opened for this project, therefore, no new impacts are likelyto arise due to quarrying operations.

Though the quarry materials are to be transported over long distances to the construction sites, almostall the quarries identified have proper access roads, therefore, no major impacts during the haulage ofmaterials is envisaged. The issue of dust generation etc along the haul roads needs to be addressedthrough proper enforcement of dust suppression measures.

Borrow Pits: The total quantity of earthworks for Allahabad Bypass project is 82,00000 m3 in which2608500 m3 will be procured from the borrow pits identified along the alignment. Balance quantity5591500 m3 will be met by blending sand from Ganga river.

Cartage of the borrow materials to the construction sites is of significance, as almost all such areasare accessible through dirt tracks only and therefore, spillage and compaction of soil along thesetracks will be a significant impact.

Sand Borrowing from Yamuna River: Sand for construction would be procured from Yamunariverbed near Banda, where the sand mrning is already permitted. This site would not require anyadditional preventive environmental measures. However, care would have to be taken to preventspillage of material and damage to the haul roads during transportation.

Sand Borrowing from Ganga River: The contractors of respective packages will identify thesuitable locations for sand procurement from Ganga riverbed for blending with soil for theembankment. No impact is envisaged during pre construction package on riverbed. But supervisionconsultants have to specify procedures and guidelines for safe transportation and procurement tocontractors so that there is no uncontrolled digging at a single location. At the same time eachcontractor has to ensure permission from river authonties for sand borrowing.

Noise: Noise levels will increase significantly during construction phase due to movement ofconstruction machinery and vehicles, and other allied activities such as establishment of workerscamps, stockyards etc. But this increased noise impact will prevail only for a short duration dunngthe pre construction stage. Moreover, as these activities are not likely to be placed near settlementsthe impacts of increased noise will be negligible.The prediction of noise levels has been made for the years 2006, 2026 and 2036 using the FHWATransport Noise Model. As per the predicted results, the predicted noise levels for day time are wellwithin CPCB limits upto the horizon year 2026. Nighttime noise levels exceed in the horizon years2026 and 2036. Daytime noise levels exceed the specified limits in the honzon years 2036. Predictednoise levels at sensitive receptors are presented below:

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Predicted Noise levels noise sensitive receptors during design life of Allahabad Bypass

SI l Type of | Chainage Predicted Noise* Predicted Noise Predicted Noise Standard dB(A)No Sensitive I (km) Level dB(A) 2006 Level dB(A) Level dB(A)

Receptor ___ 2026 _ 2036IDay Night 1Day I Night I Day [Night Day Night

1 t Educational 5 160500 49.8 42.5 49.6 1 51.0 6 47.4 institute ll llll

2 Educational 190-191 50 44 1.9 46.5 55.1 , 49.7 55 45Institute I l l { ] l

3. | Educational 235-236 50 44 9 51 9 46 5 55 1 49.7 55 45! Institute __ _ l I I

Educational 237-238 i 50 44.9 151.9 46.5 55.1 49.7 55 45

|Instittute I I I 5. ,Educational 241-23 50 T 51.9 46.5 55.1 49.75

Institute j 242.538 1 I I l .___._l

* Predictions made for school located at about 60 m from Centerline of Ro W.

Impact on habitat settings: Proposed bypass will not bring any major change in the habitat settingexcept dissecting a continuous land into two halves. Both the halves will have the similar features, asoriginally it was a part of single piece of land. Moreover, continuity will be maintained along thestream or other water bodies on which bridges and culverts will be provided. Riparian zone belowthese structures will serve as the natural link between the left and nght halves, which will serve asnatural passages of the wild fauna of the area. This continuity also will be maintained by pedestnanand vehicular crossings, cross roads, cross drainage structures, planting the native plants and grasseson the embankment. No significant impact is envisaged on the habitat settings due to the project.

Impact on sheet flow and natural drainage: Other than culverts and bridges over the rivers andstreams, several cross drainage structures will be provided along the natural depression across thebypass road to maintain the natural sheet flow of water during rain. Therefore, it is expected that theproposed bypass would not have any significant influence on soil fertility on the land of either side ofthe alignment.

Removal of trees: Due to construction of the Allahabad bypass 3298 numbers of trees have beenidentified to be cut which are common native plants, no endangered or rare plants are present amongthem. So there is no threat of rare and endangered species loss. Tree cutting from ROW will reducethe green coverage, but the effect would not be prominent because of similar land use setup inadjoining areas. The area is basically rural, and about 80 percent of which is agricultural land. Lot ofplantations including orchards are present in this area. Therefore, ecological effect of loss of treeswould not be felt significantly. Moreover, the roadside plantation will compensate the loss of greencoverage.

Impact on fauna: Impact on the wild animals of this area will not be significant. The area harbours33 varieties of wild animals though population size of each species is less. All of these wild animalskeep migrating from one place to other, and prefer to stay near human settlement, on the out skirts ofvillages, in the riparian zone of Ganga, other streams, natural drains and canals; grass patches andbushes scattered within the crop field or along the village roads. No breeding/feeding grounds for anywild animal are present within the project area. Surroundings have similar land cover. Therefore, theland, which is getting converted to concrete road will not have significant impact on the wild fauna ofthe area, as similar patches of habitat are present nearby.

Impact on river ecosystem: No major impact has been anticipated in the river ecology due to theconstruction of bridge over Ganga or other streams except the increase in turbidity during

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for a AAllahabad Bypass of NH-2

construction phase. Precaution has been already taken and incorporated in the engineering design tomnnimuze the impact on nver ecology.

No major fisheries are present in the concerned stretch of river Ganga or any other rivers/streams.Further, whatever aquatic fauna including fishes are present in this stretch of river are not localized toany certain point. It is expected that during the construction, fishes and other aquatic animals will bemigrated to other undisturbed stretches of streams.

Impact on other inland aquatic water bodies: Other than twelve ponds that will be reallocated, theproposed Allahabad bypass alignmenit is influencing no other aquatic water bodies. No wetland isgetting affected, whatever marshy lands are coming on the alignment are seasonal. Therefore, nosignificant impact will be on inland water bodies.

Human Use Values: 781.0 Ha of land, which is presently productive agricultural land, will beconverted to concrete road. This will have a significant permanent impact on agricultural productivityof the area. Moreover, a number of facilities important for the residents of area around the bypassalignment exist along the edge of the proposed bypass will be impacted. List of such amenitiespresented below:

Amenities and Facilities Affected Due to Bypass Alignment

SI.No. _C Community roperties I Numbers _ =1. Hand Pumrs/Tube Well 372. _ Temple/Shnnes/Mosquie ___________ 043. School/Collge __ 064. Pump House 26

_ _. ____________ __ __. __5W Water Tank 26

6. ___Pond 12 __2

7 ___ Wells _ __ 44 ____

8. Peto Pump8. _. ___ _ __ _ ___ 01_9. Industry (Bnck Kiln) 02

Safety: The bypass will be access controlled for the local population and slow moving local traffic.Moreover, the provision of service road along the main carriageway of bypass will ensure the safetyof locals.

Archaeological Protected Monuments: Four temples will be affected due to proposed project; thesewill be relocated before the construction starts at these sites. No protected monument is present inthe project area.

Social Impacts: 28969 number of people will be affected, in which 3807 number of people and 558families will be displaced due to this proposed project. Details of social impacts are covered inResettle Action Plan (RAP) under separate cover.

13. Avoidance and Mitigation Measures:

The avoidance and mitigation measures are discussed in the same order as impacts identified for eachof the environmental components. The avoidance and mitigation measures have been summarised inthe following table.

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Mitigation measures for identified impacts

SI N, Impact Mitigation Measures Suggested

1. Loss of green coverage Plantation along the median and landscaping along the corridor that will help inrestoring the green cover This will be accomplished in close co-ordination amongsupervision consultants, contractors and NHAI.

2 Loss of producti-ve land 1. In the selection of borrow areas, productive agncultural areas have beenavoided as far as possible.2. All topsoil will be stripped up to 150 mm and stored in stockpiles of 2 1 (H V).3 The stored topsoil will be utilized for'-Covering all disturbed areas including borrow areas;-Top dressing of the road embankments and fill slopes,-Filling up of tree pits, in the median; and- In the agricultural fields of farmers, acquired temporarily

3. Soil Erosion The preventive measures suggested are as follows:

1. At High Embankment (more than 6 m) in places other than Ganga Bridge- turfing with jute mesh upto drainage layer,- turfing above drainage layer,- chute drain with turn around arrangement at shoulder for drainage

of roadway.- appraon on toe of slope.

2. Pitching up to drainage layer HFL + I.Om at Ganga Bridge approach and slopeand3 Toe protection with stone pitching on filter blanket at the Embankment Heightupto 4 5m.4. Lining with stone pitching and filter blanket have been proposed to controlerosion for channel changes of streams and canals required for reducing skewangle of crossing and for their diversion from foot print of embankment.

4. Borrowing of Earth For borrowing of earth for the project, several borrow area locations have beenidentified and recommended. Certain precautionary measures have been suggestedto restrict unauthorised borrowing by the contractor:

Cultivable land

- The borrowing shall not be carried out in cultivable lands, unless and until, it isagreed upon by the Supervision Consultant that there is no suitable uncultivableland in the vicimty for borrowing, or there are private land owners willing toallow borrowing on their fields.- The depth of borrow pits shall not exceed 45 cm- 150mm layer of topsoil shall be preserved in stockpiles- Height of the stock pile will not exceed 2m and side slopes not steeper

than 12- The borrow areas will not be dug continuously

In case borrow areas other than specified are selected, the size and shape ofborrow pits will be decided by the Supervision Consultant

Non cultivable lands- depth of borrow pits 1.0 m from the existing ground level- It will not be done continuously- Ridges of not less than 8m width at intervals not exceeding 300 m

shall be left- Small drains shall be cut through the ridges, if necessary, to facilitate

drainage.- Slopes shall not be steeper than I vertical to 4 horizontal.

Borrow pits on the riverside:The borrow pit should be located not less than 15m from the toe of the bank,

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2 041

Si N( Impact Mitigation Measures Suggested

distance depending on the magnitude and duration of flood to be withstood.

Precautionary measures like the covering of vehicles will be taken to avoid spillageduring transport of borrow materials The contractor shall evolve site-specificredevelopment plans for each borrow area location, which shall be implementedafter the approval of the Supervision Consultant.

5 Quarries No new quarries will be opened, only licensed quarries will be used for whichEMP already exists. Vehicles shall be covered to avoid spillage durngtransportation of quarry materials

6 Contamnuation of soil from I The vehicles and equipment will be maintained and refueled in such a fashionfuel and lubricants that oil/diesel spillage does not contaminate the soil

2 The fuel storage and refueling sites shall be located away from drainagechannels, major rivers, canals and other water bodies in use of Community3. At the wash down and refueling areas, "oil interceptors" shall be provided4 All spills and petroleum products shall be disposed off in accordance to theUPSPCB Guidelines5 Fuel storage and fuelling areas will be located at least 500 m from all crossdrainage structures and significant water bodies.

7. Water resources I Water bodies that are entirely lost will be created at the closest possible locationPart filling of existing water bodies, shall be compensated by the excavation of anequal volume of earth from elsewhere of the water body in consultation withlocals The probable locations of new ponds may be on Gramsabha land or atborrow areas if any located in the barren land2 Wells, ponds, tube-wells, and bore wells lost due to the project will be replaced3. Water quality monitoring of various surface water bodies have been proposed atseveral locations along the alignment during operational phase4.The roadside water bodies are provided with oil and grease traps to preventcontamunation due to road surface runoff.

8. Drainage All cross-drainage structures have been designed to handle a 50-year peak floodlevel. All the existing flowing water bodies (rivers, streams, canals includingirrigation canals) are provided with culverts to maintain the natural drainage of thearea. At least one culvert of varying sizes (slab/box/pipes) per kilometer providedto take care of drainage requirements For roadway drainage, the side of the serviceroad and in the median have provided with lined drains

9. Air quality I The asphalt plants, crushers and the batching plants will be sited atleast I km in the downwind direction from the nearest human settlement

2. Vehicles delivering loose and fine materials like sand and fine aggregates shallbe covered to reduce spills on haul roads3. Water will be sprayed on earthworks, temporary haulages and detour roads,during and after compaction of the sub-grade at regular intervals to prevent dustgeneration4 The hot mix plant will be fitted with cyclone/scrubber to control emtssions5. It shall be ensured that the dust emussions from the crusher and vibrating screenat the stone quarries are within the emission standards of CPCB6 To ensure the control of exhaust gas emissions from the various constructionactivities, the contractor shall take up the following mitigation measures7. During the construction and operational period the air quality monitoring shallbe carned out at least once a month8 All construction vehicles, equipment and machinery will ensure that thepollution emussion levels conform to the SPCB norms9. Contractor will take necessary consent from state pollution control board forlocation of hot mux plants.

10. Noise 1. The construction equipment will strictly conform to CPCB noise standards2. Vehicles and equipments used shall be fitted with exhaust silencers and

shall be checked regularly.3. Noisy construction activities will be at least at a distance of lOOm from the

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lo.


Si N( Impact Mitigation Measures Suggested

hospitals, educational institutions etc and 150 m. from the nearest habitation.4. Construction activity should be restricted between 6 0 AM - 9.0 PM nearhabitations5. Workers shall be provided with earplugs.6. Suitable noise barriers or double-glazing of windows will be provided to thenoise sensitive receptors i.e., health centers, schools .

11. Flora The loss of trees will be compensated in accordance to the NHAI tree plantationstrategy in the new alignment and in accordance to the principles laid out in theForest (Conservation) Act, 1980 in the section along the existing NH2.

12. Fauna No permanent habitat of any wild fauna exists within the near vicinity. As aprecautionary measure the construction workers will be educated to intimate thehigher officer in charge if they encounter any wild fauna (adult, or juvenule oreggs) during construction work and the near by divisional forest office also will beinformed.

13. Safety 1. Traffic management plan will be prepared and temporary diversion routes willbe identified to divert traffic from construction locations at MDR, ODRs and StateHighways2. Signboards indicating construction sites on the road and flags shall be erected3 All the signboards giving caution, barricades for diverting the traffic shall be asper MoRTH specifications4 Fencing of Chain link type of height 1.8 m has been proposed to stopunnecessary entry of stray animals, local slow moving vehucles and pedestrians,service road have been provided for them.

14 Cultural property 1. All four temples cormng in RoW of bypass will be relocated in consultation withlocal people and Gram Panchayat2. In case of discovery of invaluable article (fabrics, coins, artefacts, structures, orother archaeological relics) the construction works will be stopped and the UttarPradesh Archaeology Directorate will be intimated.

14. Environmental Enhancements

The enhancement is planned for the partially affected ponds and newly located ponds. The ponds andpossible locations for enhancements have been decided after receiving and considering the feedbackobtained from the local residents during formal and informal consultations. The following Table listsout the ponds selected for enhancement in each corridor.

Ponds Selected for Enhancements Along Allahabad Bypass Project Corridor

SI.No. Chainage T ype Use of Pond1. 175-176 Community Pond2. 187-188 Community Pond3. 187-188 Agricultural cum Communty Pond

The proposed enhancement measures include:

- Provision for structures, which increase the utility of the ponds such as platforms for washingclothes and utensils, bathing ghats etc. These will increase the acceptance of the proposedscheme by the local population

- Provision for seating and landscaping to attract the road-users and local public to enjoy thesurroundings.

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2 O

Some of the temples and shrines will also be enhanced. The enhancement measures include:

- Provision of seating around existing trees- Paving using bricks will also be provided- Appropriate plantation will be carried out where free space is available; and- Drainage in the vicinity of the structure will be improved by providing drains where needed.

Landscaping: The environment along the proposed corridor shall be enhanced principally throughplantation of various types of shade and ornamental trees along with shrubs.

It has proposed that the NHAI will sign a MoU with the Forests Department for the tree cutting aswell as compensatory plantation and maintenance for 3 years for the bypass portion along NH-2. TheNHAI will deposit necessary money for felling of trees and compensatory plantation along NH-2.The plantation in median and compacted earth surface between service roads and main carnagewayalong need RoW will be done by respective contractors in consultation with state forest department.Later private operator will maintain the plantation.

15. Standalone Environmental Management Plans

Standalone Environmental Management Plans have been prepared for each construction package andare intended to become a part of the contract documents so that implementation of all theenvironmental measures can be ensured. The implementation actions, responsibilities and timeframeshave been specified for each component and adverse impact anticipated.

16. Monitoring Plans

To ensure the effective implementation of the EMP, an environmental-monitoring programme hasbeen designed. The monitonng plan specifies the parameters to be monitored; location of monitonngsites; frequency and duration of monitoring. The monitoring plan also specifies the applicablestandards, implementation and supervising responsibilities. The duration and the pollutionparameters, which will be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are described inthe following table.

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2 4_ ` L

Enviro Project Stage MONITORING Institutional Responsibilitynmenta

ICompo

nentParameters Special guidance Standards Location (Chainage) Frequency Duration Implementation Supervision

High volume sampler to be Air Wherever the 3, 8 hrs samples Continuous 24 Contractor through PIU. NHAI ISPM, RSPM, located 50m from the plant (Preventon contractor decides to per day, once in hours/or for 1 approved EngtneerSO2, N02, CO, m the downwmd direction and Control of locate the Hot mux every season for 3 full working monitoring agencyHC Use method specified by Pollution) plant years day'

CPCB for analysis Rules CPCB,1994

Construction High volume sampler to be Air Stretch of the road 3 samples per day, Continuous 24 Contractor through PIU, NHAI IConStrucgion located 40m downwind (Prevention where construction is once every month, hours/or for I approved EngineerStage direction Use method and control of in progress once in every full working monitonng agency

SPM, RSPM specified by CPCB for Pollution) season dunng day'analysis Rules CPCB construction

Air 1994 penod

Operation Stage SPM, RSPM, High volume sampler to be Air 2 locations twice a Continuos 24S0 2, N02, CO, located at 15m from the (Prevention week for one hour/or for IPb, HC edge of pavement. and Control of month in each full working PIU, NHAI NHAI

Pollution ) season for three dayRules CPCB years1994 . . 1994 .__.

Constnuction PH, Grab sample collected Water quality 3 times a year Contractor through PIU, NHAI /Stage BOD, COD, from source and analyse as standards by dunng approved Engineer

TDS, TSS, DO, per Standard Methods for CPCB/ IS construction monitonng agencyOil & Grease Exanmnation of Water and 105001991 penod at 2and Pb Wastewater locations

WaterQuality Operation Stage PH BOD, COD, Grab sample collected Water quahty One Sample in Pre

TDS, TSS, DO, from source and analyse as standrds by monsoon and onePb, Oil and per Standard Methods for CPCB/ IS sample in postGrease Exanmination of Water and 10500 1991 monsoon for 3 NHAI NHAI

Wastewater yearsNoise Construction Noise level on Free at I m from the Noise At equipment yards As and when Readings to be Contractor through PIU, NHAIULevels Stage dB(A) scale equipment whose noise standards by necessary taken at 15 approved Engineer

levels are being determuned CPCB seconds nmterval monutonng agencyfor IS minutesevery hour andthen averaged

Noise level on Equivalent noise levels Noise As directed by the Once every four Readmigs to be Contractor through PIU, NHAL/dB(A) scale using an integrated noise standards by Engineer months for 3 years taken at 15 approved Engineer

level meter kept at a CPCB at 5 locations seconds interval monutonng agencydistance of 15 from edge _ for 15 minutes

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Combined Execubve Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2

of pavement. every hour andthen averaged

Operation Stage Noise levels on Equivalent noise levels Noise As directed by Once every Readmgs to be Contractor through PIU, NHAIYdB(A) scale using an mtegrated noise standards by Engineer alternate year until taken at 15 approved Engineer

level meter kept at a CPCB 2006, then every seconds interval monitonng agencydistance of 15 from edge thiurd year until for 15 minutesof pavement 2015 and then every hour and

every 5h year until then averaged.2025 at 5 locations

Construction Monitonng of Sample of soil collected to Threshold for 3 locations once in a Max of 5 locations Contractor through PIU, NHAIYStage Pb, Cr, Cd, oil acidified and analysed each year dunng for each of the 3 approved Engineer

& grease using absorption contarmnant construction penod. years monitonng agencyspectrophotometry set by IRIS

database ofUSEPA untilnationalstandards arepromulgated

Operation Stage Monitonng of Sample of soil collected to Threshold for 3 locations once in As per the Contractor through PIU, NHAISoil heavy metals, acidified and analysed each each years occurrence of such approved Engineer.

oil and grease usmg absorption contammant incidents monitonng agencyspectrophotometry set by IRIS

database ofUSEPA untilnationalstandards arepromulgated

Road Pre- Morutoring of It should be ensured that As laid out in All along the comdor Dunng the felling Forest Department PIU,NHAIside construction felling of trees only those trees that are the Detailed of treesplantati stage marked are felled Design for theon protect

Operation stage Survival rate of The number of trees The survival At locations of Every year for 3 NHAI NHAItrees success of surviving during each visit rate should be compensatory yearsrevegetation should be compared with at least 70% plantation

number of saplings below whichplanted re-plantation

shall be done.

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17. Environmental Budget

An indicative estimate of the cost component involved in mitigation of impacts, enhancements(through landscaping or specific enhancement measures for cultural properties and typicalenhancements such as ponds) monitoring and evaluation of various components in pre-construction,construction and operation period as well as institutional strengthening of the NHAI has been workedout. A total of INR 84843401.5 has been allocated for the environmental management for Allahabad

Bypass Project. A summary of the budget under different heads is presented below:

Summary Budget for Environmental component of Allahabad Bypass Project

SI. No. Budget Head Cost (HINR)1. I Environmental Mitigation/ 74474240.0

Enhancement2. 1 Monitonng_ _.4019000.02. Tranitong 2310000.0

L 3__ Training __ __ _ _ ____2100.__

4. Contingencies 4040161.5Total 84843401.5

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Combined Executive Summary of EIAIEMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2 O_ 1

18. Implementation Arrangement, Training and Reporting

The implementation arrangement institutional strengthening, training needs and roles andresponsibilities have been studied.

Implementation Arrangement: Supervision consultants, non-governmental organizations (NGOs),and contractors shall implement the project under the administrative supervision of the ProjectImplementation Unit (PIU) of NHAI. The existing organizational structure has been studied and anadditional environmental manager is recommended for PIU under project director. The proposedorganizational structure is shown below:

Member n eM tanviOonfieet atWorld Bank ESpU unit at "

EiCotmaOate Office

Project Direoctor(Allahabad Bypass)

,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ...........

,Manager } aigF lManager

Techniical A niomn (R&R)

_ i (Pr~~~~~opoitidi. (3). ....... .. ......

Supervision Consultants*0 Environmental Officer

for each package

ProDosed OrLyanization Structure

In associatnn with00* 'VJ

Combined Executive Summary of EIANEMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2

Reporting:

The stage-wise reporting system is detailed out in the following Table:

Stage-wise reporting systemL~ Contractor ISupervision Consultant | Project Implementation World Bank (WB)L CntacorI ___ S)Teajm in PWD ______Form Item , Implementati4on 1 oversee/Fieldat No. and Reportingto Supervision Reporting to Compliance Report to Desired

________________ C I Supervis IUionAIWB Supervision

CONSTRUCTION PHASE _ _ nir ._ _ _ _

Monitonng of T I ___ jCl construction site Before start of Quarterly Quarterly Half yearly

and construction work

Target sheet for AreuedAfter HalfyerlC2 Pollution As re,quired Monitonng Monitoring Half yearlyC2 PluinMonitonng

__ omong ,, ___-_. ____ l_____ l_____Target sheet for I

C3 monitonng of IIHlC3 Inlearnng wa I Monthly Monthly Quarterly Half yearly Yearly

I bodNes _________ ___ __ ___ ____ ______

OPFERATION PHASE

Target sheet for _ I As per After TTwic dunn01 Pollution l monitonng gft er auoncphase

_____ Momtorng monitonng operation phase

Target sheet for [fter02 monitonng of uarterl After Twice dunng

cleaning water Y monitonng operation phasebodies . . . ,_ !

Training:

To ensure the success of the proposed implementation set up there is a need for training and skillupgradation. Looking into the potential requirements of each of the target groups, following trainingmodules are suggested as part of ABP.

Module 1: Environment OverviewModule 2: Environmental Regulations and ActsModule 3: PollutionModule 4: Environmental Impact AssessmentModule 5: Environmental Management PlanModule 6: Highways Projects and Environmental IssuesModule 7: Environmental Issues in the ProjectModule 8: The Environmental Management Plan for Highway ProjectModule 9: Environmentally Sound Construction ManagementModule 10: Planning for Environmentally Sustainable Operation of HighwaysModule 11: Long Term Environmental Issues in Highway Management

Additional Training

A training program under ABP has been formulated taking into account the existing training programimparted under TNHP and the budgetary allocations. The detailed training program for the AllahabadBypass project is described below:

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Detailed Training Program

S. Target group Subject(s) Method Time FrameNo.

All NHAI staff, Environmental Overview: Lectures 3 working days atSupervision Environmental Regulations, Highway related least 3 monthsConsultants' provisions of various Acts, EIA notifications, before the beginningEnvironmental process and methodology for EIA, EMIPs and their of theSpecialists use implementation of

the ABP32 All Managers (Env) Implementation of EMPs: Workshops Working days, one

at NHAI Basic features of an EMP, Planning, designing and and Seminars month before the(HQ & PKU), execution of environmental mutigation and construction beginsSupervision enhancement measures, monitoring and evaluationConsultants' of environmental conditions - during constructionEnvironmental and operationSpecialists

3 All Managers (Env.) Environmentally Sound Construction Practices: Seminars, I week, Just beforeat NHAI (HQ & Clean Highway construction technology , Lectures and the constructionPIU ) Supervision alternatives materials and techniques for Highways, Site visitsConsultants' Waste Management and muinmuzation inEnvironmental construction, pollution control devices and methodsSpecialists, for construction sites and equipment, EnvironmentalContractors' staff clauses in contract documents and their implications,

Environmental monitoring during construction,Borrow Area and Construction Camp Management

4 All Managers (Env) Monitoring Environmental Performance during Lectures, 2 days During initialat NHAI Construction: Workshop phases of(HQ & PIU), Air, Water and Noise Monitoring requirement and and site visits constructionSupervision techniques, Evaluation and Review of results,Consultants' Performance indicators and their applicability,Environmental corrective actions possible, reporting requirementsSpecialists and mechamsms

5 All Managers (Env.) Long-term Environmental Issues in Highway Workshops 3 days duringat NHAI (HQ & Management: and seminars implementat-ion ofPIU) Designing and implementing environmental surveys ABP3

for ambient air , noise, biological and water qualitysurveys, data storage, retrieval and analysis, contractdocuments and environmental clauses, Riskassessment and management, contingency planningand management, Highways as assets-managementand value addition and hughway diseases

The cost for the entire training programme will be Rs. 2.1 million, which has been apportioned to thebudget of each construction package equally.

19. Resettlement Action Plan

The basic objective while preparing the RAP has been to assess the negative social impacts of theproposed bypass and suggest socio-economic rehabilitation measures for maintaining and improvingthe quality of life of the project affected people.

The consolidated RAP document details action to be taken and the responsibilities of variousstakeholders for adequate resettlement and rehabilitation of the project-affected persons as per theR&R Policy of the NHAI (and the World Bank's Policy Guidelines).

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Combined Executive Summary of EiAIEMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2 t J

Support Principles For Different Categories Of Impacts

Both Indian and World Bank guidelines related to resettlement aim at achieving the following over-all goals:

Involuntary resettlement will be avoided or minimised wherever feasible, exploring all viablealternative project designs; andWhere displacement is unavoidable, people losing assets, livelihood or other resources will beassisted in improving or at least regaining their former status of living at no cost to themselves.

The Resettlement Action Plan for Allahabad bypass has been prepared on the similar guidelines ofTNHP & GTRIP R&R policy of National Highways Authonty of India. The Allhabad bypass hasbeen proposed on a new alignment traversing through predominantly agricultural area. It will,therefore have different impact scenario in comparison to TNHP & GTRIP Packages. Keeping this inview, necessary provisions have been made in RAP and the entitlement framework.

The salient features of the RAP include:

All the land acquisition would be done under NH Act, which provides compensation for properties tobe acquired and support to be extended for meeting the replacement value of property. The personsaffected by the project that do not own land but have economic interest or loose their livelihoodsshall be assisted as per the entitlement framework.

-Loss of land, including assets house or work place will be compensated.-Lost livelihood or income opportunities will be restored.-Collective impacts on groups, such as loss of community assets, common property resources andothers will be restored.-All people above the age of 18 years have been defined as a separate family, and will be eligible forsupport if affected by the project.-The vulnerable group will comprise of those who are below poverty line of the concemed State. -Italso covers the disadvantaged persons belonging to SC/ST disabled, handicapped, orphans, womenheaded household and destitute.

All loses will be compensated and assistance will be provided at replacement value, irrespective oftheir legal standing in the project area. Assistance will be extended to the vulnerable families toenhance their earnings as well new economic opportunities

World Bank Guidelines & R&R Policy Framework

The population distnbution and social impact scenario of the project indicate that the OP 4.12 isapplicable to this project. OP 4.12 deals with involuntary resettlement, which may cause long termhardship and impoverishment and which needs mitigation measures. The O.D. 4.20 pertaining toindigenous people is not applicable and cannot be triggered in this project, as there are only 3 STfamilies in the project area.

Institutional Arrangement

The Environmental and the Social Development Unit (ESDU) located at the NHAI headquarters willbe responsible for overall monitoring and implementation of the RAP. The unit is presently headedby a GM and has one Deputy General Manager looking after Environment component besides

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2 -

implementation of RAP. It is now proposed to have one additional manager, independently lookingafter R&R work, within ESDU. The NHAI's existing capacity includes a Project ImplementationUnit (PIU) at Allahabad headed by a Project Director and one manager (technical and environment).For implementation of RAP for the Allahabad bypass Project, an R&R cell will be created withinPIU headed by the Project Director.

R&R COSTS AND BUDGET

The R&R budget is indicative of outlays for the different expenditure categories and is calculated atthe 2002 price index. The costs are based on the information collected through the socio-economicsurvey and census of the PAPs and from the Revenue Department and market value. These costs willbe updated and adjusted to the inflation rate as the project continues and in respect of more specificinformation such as extra number of EPs during its implementation, unit cost will be updated if thefindings of the district level committee on market value assessment justify it.

Table Resettlement Action Plan Budget

SI.No. ITEM Umit RArea Numbers Amoun

A - COMPENSATION

I Agriculture Land Ha 1000000 679.075 67,90,75,000

2 and along &Adjacent to Ha 1200000 5.4 64,80,000existing NH-2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

3 Acquisition of private Sq. m. 2700 20353 47 5,49,54,369structures - Residential

4 A Structures-Commercial Sq. m 3000 4900 1,47,00,000

5 Transfer charges of Govt Ha 250 94 23,500L and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

6 Acquisition of trees No. 2000 700 14,00,000

7 Acquisition of fruit bearing No 10000 350 35,00,000trees

8 Tube wells No 100000 37 37,00,000

9 Wells No. 25000 44 11,00,000

Provision for vanation in areaand rates of compensation,acquisition of unviable

10 esidual land and 11,32,81,405grant/compensation forseverance of land @ 15% of Ito 4 of A (Rs 755209369)

Sub Total 87,82,14,274

B - ASSISTANCE

I Agriculture Land Ha 300000 679 075 20,37,22,500

2 Land along & Adjacent to Ha 360000 5.4 19,44,000~2 existing NH-2Ha 3005419400

3 Acqwsition of private Sq. m. 810 20353 47 1,64,86,311structures - Residential

4 Acquisition of Private Per Fanuly 900 4900 44,10,000Structures-Commercial

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Combined Executive Summary of ElAtEMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2

Subsistence Allowance to Per5 commercial @2250/month for Fanuly 13500 4 + 3 94,500

six monthsCommercial loss: Assistance

6 to build new assets @ Per 13500 4 + 3 94,500ninmum wages for six Family

months

Residential loss. Assistance to7 build new assets @ minimum Per Family 13500 95 12,82,500

wages for six months

8 Fmancial Assistance to share ha. 30000 29 89 8,96,700croppers (Informal)Subsistence Allowance to

9 sharecroppers @2250/month No 20250 84 17,01,000for nine months

10 Economic rehabilitation grant Per Family 21000 195(158+37) 40,95,000to Vulnerable GroupsI I Rental allowance@ 800/- Per Family 4800 95 4,56,000

month for six month12 Shifting Assistance Per Family 1000 95 95,00013 Plots of 75 sq. m to residential Per Fanuly 75 X 200 24 3,60,000

vulnerable e

14 lots of 75 sq m. to Per Famuly 75 X 200 2 30,000Residential IPs _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

15 Plots of 25 sq. m to Per Fanuly 25 X 400 7 70,000commercial property losersTransitional allowance for all

16 the displaced fauilies @ Per Family 20250 516 1,04,49,000minimum wages for 9 monthsTransiuonal allowance foragnculture THs whose land

17 becomes unviable after Per Family 20250 2813 5,69,63,250acquisition @ mnimum wagesfor 9 monthsTransitional allowance for

18 agriculture THs whose land is Per Family 6750 429 28,95,750viable after acquisition @mnimum wages for 3 months

19 Assistance for partally No 50.000 2 1.00,000affected Kilns _

20 Conservation of Temples No 100000 4 4,00,000

21 Relocation of Schools No. 125000 4 5,00,000

22 Relocation of Panchayat Ghar No 200000 3 6,00,000

23 Relocation of Police Station No 300000 1 3,00,000

Sub Total 30,79,46,011

C - TRAINING

1 Training to share croppers No. 1500 84 1,26,000

raining for Economic2 ehabilitation to Agricultural No. 1500 158 2,37,000

vulnerable Titleholders3 raining to commercial No. 1500 4+3 10,500

property losers

4 raining to staff and NGOs LS 5,00,000

Sub Total 8,73,500

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Combined Executive Summary of EIAJEMP/RAP Reports forAllahabad Bypass of NH-2

D - SUPPORT

I NGO assistance for RAP LS 1,00,00,000implementation

2 Evaluation Consultants LS 20,00,000

Capacity Building and3 strengthening of Social and LS 10,00,000

R&R cells at PIU and ESDU

Sub Total 1,30,00,000

E - Highway Related Disease LS 5,00,000_ _ _ (HIV /A ID S)__ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _

Sub Total 5,00,000

120,05,33,785

RAND TOTAL SayRs.120, 05.34Lakhs

Income Restoration

The basic objective behind the income restoration activities and schemes is to restore the economicstatus of the affected persons enjoyed prior to the project commencement. There are two categoriesof the people i.e. those engaged in commercial activities and those engaged in agricultural activitiesincluding sharecroppers, who are eligible for income restoration. The Table below provides details offamilies eligible different modes of income restoration. This includes transition allowance toagricultural titleholders, economic rehabilitation grant to all the project displaced vulnerable familiesengaged in agriculture (including share croppers) and plots to establish commercial structures tofamilies loosing commercial structures, training to all title holder vulnerable families engaged inagriculture and commercial activities, besides all the sharecroppers.

Table Project Affected Families Eligible for Income Restoration

Category Allahab Kaushamnbi Pratapgarh Total

L Sh.C Com. L Sh.C Com L Sh.C Com. L Sh.C Com

Economic Rehabilitation Grant 152 31 5 3 1 3 158 37(ERG) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Transitional allowance (T A) 2618 . . 149 - 46 - 2813 -(9 Months)___

Transitional allowance (T A(3 Months) 235 - 23 . 171 - 429

Subsistence Allowance (SA) 69 7 7 8 . 84 7

Training (Trig) 152 69 7 5 7 _ 1 8 _ 158 84 7

L- Legal holder Sh.C---Sharecropper, Com.--- Commercial

Transitional Allowance equivalent to basic munimum wages for 9 months is paid to those titleholderPAPs whose agril. Land / commercial structure would be economically unviable after acquisition i.e.the residual plot is less than the MEH (district average holding). The TA for 3 months is paid to thosetitleholder PAPs who is losing their source of livelihood and after the acquisition the residual plot isstill economically viable i.e. above MEH.

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Categories of Families Eligible for Training Under Income Restoration

Project Displaced vulnerable Share croppers Commercialisstrct agrculture famulies

SC BPL WHH SC BPL WHH Other SC BPL WHH Other

Allahabad 77 50 25 24 7 38 l 7Kausambi 1 4 - 3 - - 4 -

Pratapgarh 1 2 1 - _

Total 79 54 25 29 8 _ 49 _ 7

The income restoration plan has been developed on the basis of the findings of the primary surveysand viewing the ground realities. In order to ensure that all PAPs are able to restore their livelihood,the activity will be entrusted to the NGO deployed in the project area, who would be responsible fordeveloping the entire framework for implementing income restoration / economic rehabilitation ofthe PAPs. The guideline for developing the Plan & implementation of the economic rehabilitationschemes is provided below.

-The skill analysis, training needs assessment and income restoration option analysis of the PAPswould be conducted by the NGOs at the time of verification.After the collection of the relevant data and analysis of the same the training program for the PAPwould be decided based on the income generating strategies as discussed in the earlier section-The training program thus decided would be conveyed to the PAP during the public consultationmeetings to be held subsequent to the verification and prior to the preparation of the micro-plans.-The training program of the individual PAP would be indicated in the micro-plan prepared by theNGOs.-After the approval of the micro-plans the trainers/ would be institutions / agencies engaged inproviding training to the rural youth would be contacted for organizing the program on site.-The training groups compnsing of the PAPs with similar occupation / skills / education / geographiclocation would be constituted.-The trainers would be selected from the agencies or locally available skills for providing the trainingto the PAPs.-The location for providing the training would be selected which shall be convenient for both thePAPs and the trainer to attend and has the adequate training facilities.-After the successful completion of the training program the PAPs would be motivated to formeconomically functional self-help groups on the basis of their interests and occupation.-The NGOs shall coordinate to establish linkages with the existing markets for carrying out thecommercial activities and the local / regional / rural / cooperative banks operating in the area for thecredit facilities.-The NGOs shall be responsible for carrying out the coordination activities during the entire incomerestoration process.-The PIU - NHAI (Project Director & the CRROs) shall be responsible for monitoring the processand implementation of the IR activities.-The NGOs shall submit the report regarding the training programs organized, SHGs formulated,skills developed and linkages established, to the Project Director.

Monitoring and Evaluatiof R&R activities

The RAP implementation will be monitored both internally and externally .The ESDU - NHAI andthe PIU shall be responsible for the internal monitoring of the progress of R&R activities and landacquisition process and progress.

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Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports torAllahabad Bypass of NH-2

An external agency shall be hired for the evaluation of the impact on socio-economic condition of thePAPs through two annual and one Final evaluation studies.

The continuous internal monitoring will provide necessary guidelines to undertake appropnateactions needed to improve resettlement performance or respond to changing circumstances.Monitoring will be in terms of both quantitative and qualitative aspects. The duration of monitonngand evaluation of implementation R & R activities would be for thirty-six months.

The RAP includes development of indicators and benchmarks for achievement of the objectivesunder the resettlement program, which can be categorized as follows:

Process indicators, which includes project inputs, expenditures, staff deployments, etc.;

Output indicators are results in terms of numbers of affected persons compensated and resettled,incomes restored, additional assistance provided etc; and

Impact indicators related to the long-term effect of the project on people's living in the project-affected area.

Land Acquisition Plan Schedule under NHAI -Act -Targets and Achievements

As per condition in Civil Works Contracts, land free from all encumbrances is to be made availableto the contractor in phased manner. As per schedule discussed in the meeting with project authorities,the time for the commencement of work is Oct. 2003. Accordingly Table 7.4 represents the landacquisition schedule for the project. This is based on discussions with managers (technical) NHAI,PIU, Allahabad.

Acquisition Plan / Schedule For The Project

S Distnct Tehsil No of Gazette Publication of 3A Objection Gazette Determination of Deposit ofno Villages Notification U/S in Newspaper Heanng U/S Noufication U/S Compensation payment U/S

3A 3C 3D amount U/S 3G & 314 & paymentissue of award by of

C A compensation

No of villages No of villages No of villages No of villages No of villages (Datc) No of villages(Date) (Date) (Date) (Date) (Date)

I Kaushambt Strathu I 1 (12-07-02) 1 (13-08-02) 1(25-09-02) 1(31-12-02) 1 (30-04-03) 1(31-05-03)Chayal 7 7 (12-07-02) 7 (13-08-02) 7 (25-09-02) 7 (31-12-02) 7 (30-04-03) 7 (31-05-03)

2 Pratapgarh Kunda 5 5 (25-07-02) 5 (10-09-02) 5 (30-10-02) 5 (30-04-03) 5 (30-06-03) 5 (30-08-03)

3 Allahabad Soraon 47 25 (25-07-02) 25 (10-09-02) 25 (20-10- 25 (15-03-03) 25 (30-04-03) 25 (30-06-12 (04-09-02) 12 (07-10-02) 02) 12 (30-04-03) 12 (30-06-03) 03)10 (09-10-02) 10 (31-10-02) 12 (i5--1 10 (15-06-03) 10 (15-08-03) 12 (31-08-

02) 03)10 (15-12- 10 (30-09-02) 03)

Phoolpur 17 12 (25-07-02) 12 (10-09-02) 12 (20-10- 12 (15-03-03) 12 (30-04-03) 12 (30-06-4 (04-09-02) 4 (07-10-02) 02) 4 (30-04-03) 4 (30-06-03) 03)1 (09-10-02) 1 (31-10-02) 4 (15-11-02) 1 (15-06-03) 1 (15-08-03) 4 (31-08-03)

I (15-12-02) 1 (30-09-03)

Handia 33 23 (25-07-02) 23 (10-09-02) 23 (20-10- 23 (15-03-03) 23(30-04-03) 23 (30-06-3 (04-09-02) 3 (07-10-02) 02) 3 (30-04-03) 3 (30-06-03) 03)7 (09-10-02) 7 (31-10-02) 3 (15-11-02) 7 (15-06-03) 7 (15-08-03) 3 (31-08-03)

7 (15-12-02) 7 (30-09-03)

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Institutional Arrangement & Implementation Arrangement and Schedule

The Environmental and the Social Development Unit (ESDU) located at the NHAI headquarters willbe responsible for overall monitoring and implementation of the RAP. The unit is presently headedby a GM and has one Deputy General Manager looking after Environment component besidesimplementation of RAP. It is now proposed to have one additional manager, independently lookingafter R&R work, within ESDU. The NHAI's existing capacity includes a Project ImplementationUnit (PIU) at Allahabad headed by a Project Director and one manager (technical and environment).For implementation of RAP for the Allahabad bypass Project, an R&R cell will be created withinPIU headed by the Project Director.

The detail implementation schedule has been prepared listing the chronological steps to have smoothimplementation of resettlement & rehabilitation plan. The exercise of verification of PAPs and PDPswould be done by NGO on the site during implementation of RAP. The actual affected PAPs &PDPs will be issued necessary identity cards.

RAP further describes the linkages between resettlement implementation and set of institutions forcivil work for each component of the project. To facilitate the implementation, NGOs would becontracted and trained. The implementation of the project is likely to be completed in three years. Toevaluate the impacts of the project activities on the socio-economic condition of the PAPs anindependent Evaluation Consultants would be hired by NHAI.

The implementation schedule has been prepared separately for the two construction packages ABP II& ABP III considering the number of villages in each package and the number of PAPs. Theimplementation schedule has been devised in a manner that the resettlement & rehabilitation of thePAPs is completed in implementation period of the project. The village wise list of PAPs is given inAnnexure 8.4.

The details of PAPs is as follows

Package No. of viHlages _No. of PAPsTitleholders Non-titleholders Total

ABP 1 48 2026 36 2062ABP 2 62 2231 50 2281Total 110 4257 86 4343

Training Plan for NHAI staff

Target Constituents of the Target Topics for Training Mode of DurationGroup Group Training

I AU NHAI Managers (R&R) Regulations and Policies related to Land Acquisition Lecture Sessions 3 daysCRROs, NGOs Land Acquisition; NHAI R&R Policy; Basic Features

of the RAP, Planning for Relocation; SocialAssessment Methods, Institutional An-angementsMonitoring, Evaluation & Reporting, DocumentationRequirements of the Project.

11 Atl NHAI Managers (R&R), Effective R&R Implementation Site visits and 2 daysCRROs, NGOs, R&R Expenence shanng related to R&R Implementation, Seminarsspecialists of the Supervision Disbursement Mechanisms, Conflict ResolutionConsultants Methods Supervision Consultants Contingency

Management and Remedy, Rapid Appraisals;Documentation, Monitoring and Reporting.

V-44


Target Constituents of the Target Topics for Training Mode of DurationGroup Group Training

Ill All NHAI Managers (R&R), Salient Features of NHAI R&R Policy* Workshop and 2 days on siteCRROs, NGOs, R&R Entitlements as per the NHAI R&R Policy- Seminars workshop inSpecialists of the supervision Implementation Arrangements, Roles and each packageConsultants, Contractors, Responsibilities, Gnevance Redressal Cells andRepresentative of the PAPs Distnct Level Committees, Continued Community

Consultations and Feedback, Labor Laws, GenderIssues, Health and Hygiene Issues, Environmentalsafeguards in the Project

IV All NHAI Managers (R&R) Long Term Social Issues in the Highway Sector Group I dayCRROs Standardization of Processes and Methods, Analytical Discussions and

Tools, Social Assessment Methods, Monitonng and Lecture SessionsEvaluation, GIS and Relational DatabaseManagement, Concept of R&R Resource Centres.

V Officials of ESDU/ Integration of Social and Environmental Issues and Specialized 3 weeksEnvironmental Cell of the Good Practices Trainig (siteNHAI, PD, CRROs visits to similar

projects)

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