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COMENIUS - Project
The effects of climate change on tourism in Europe – Sustainable tourism in different regions
presented byDuales Berufskolleg Lahr
Table of contents
1. Development and actual situation of tourism in Germany
2. Development and actual situation of tourism in Lahr and Ortenau
3. Special attraction: Europa-Park Rust
4. Climate change caused by tourism
1. Development and actual situation of tourism in Germany
Development of tourism
312
324
308
329
347
337 339343
351
362370
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
1993 1995 1997 1999 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Development of overnight-stays
In Mio.
Reasons
1. Social developmentDemographic changeDecreasing working time
2. Technical development
Improved means of transport
Decreasing costs of transport
3. Remarkable events
Soccer World Cup 2006
Terrorist attacks
Influences
Positive: Important economy sector Improved income
Negative:Landscape is destroyedOverloaded urban center
Foreign tourists
38,234,8 35,2 37,3
42,6 40,645,3
53 54,8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2007
Development of overnight stays
In Mio.
Foreign tourists
0123456789
1992
2005
2007
In Mio.
Popular destinations
Berlin
02468
1012141618
1990 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Arrivalsovernight-stays
In Mio
Baden- Württemberg
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1990 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Arrivals
overnight-stays
In Mio.
Economic relevance
Employees app. 2,8 Mio.
Turnover app. 150 Mrd.
Tax income 2-3 % of the net turnover
Future visions
Steady increase of 4 %
→ solid demand
2 class society
Competitive infrastructure
Increase of foreign economies
Economic crisis
2. Development and actual situationof tourism in Lahr and the Ortenau
Important characteristics of the Ortenau
Baden-Württemberg
Ortenau
Geographical facts: situated in the German Bundesland
“Baden-Württemberg“ area = 1860 km2 (biggest county of
Baden-Württemberg) 415.000 inhabitants 51 cities and communities 9,5% = settlement area 90,5% = agricultural area
agriculture is the most
important economic factor
Overnight stays in the „Ortenaukreis“
The city of Lahr
Baden-WürttembergOrtenau
Lahrcounty: Ortenaukreis area: 69,8 km² inhabitants: about 44.000 town subdivision: central
city + 7 districts
Chrysanthemum
Germany-wide the biggest open-air flowershow in late autumn flowerbeds, artistical flower carts and beautifully decorated
houses on the marketplace a cultural programme with music of well-
known groups and performances the garden of the castle is designed by German and Alsatian
gardeners
High season of tourism = May - October (but the season is extended until November because of the chrysanthemum)
0,00
1.000,00
2.000,00
3.000,00
4.000,00
5.000,00
6.000,00
7.000,00
8.000,00
9.000,00
Number of overnight stays
Season of tourism(figures of 2008)
70.00072.00074.00076.00078.00080.00082.00084.000
Over night stays
1990 2008
Year
Number of overnight stays in 1990 and 2008
Number of overnight stays in 1990 and 2008
Number of over night stays of foreign guests in Lahr
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
B DK F GB I NL E A S CH J USA
Country
1990 2007
Number of overnight stays of foreign guests in Lahr
Marketing
of particular importance since 2005
different possibilities of advertising:
media plannetworkspromotionmedia international cooperation
tourism “boom“
3. Special attraction
History
12. July 1975 opening1975 250.000 visitors1978 1.000.000 visitors1990 „A-grade“ by „Stiftung Warentest“1991 2.000.000 visitors1995 construction of the first hotel1998 formation of the „Confertainment“2001/2002 opening in winter2002 own motorway exit2006 special flight licence for passenger flights
Overnight accommodations
Hotel El Andaluz (1995)Guest House Circus Rolando (1996)Hotel Castillo Alcazar (1999)Hotel Colosseo (2004)Hotel Santa Isabel (2007)Camp-Resort
-Tepee village-Caravanning
Total bed capacity : 4400 beds
Overview booking rate
booking rate
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1995 1998 2000 2002 2004 2008
year
per
cen
t
Theme areas and attractions
Area of 85 hectare Imitation of the European countriesChocolandAdventure landWorld of childrenMore than 100 attractionsSeveral shows (ice show, special knight
battles or theatre performances)Country-specific meals
Theme areas and attractions
Special attraction:
- „Silver Star“: The highest and biggest roller coaster
in Europe
France:
Numbers of visitors
0
500.000
1.000.000
1.500.000
2.000.000
2.500.000
3.000.000
3.500.000
4.000.000
4.500.000
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Visitors‘ nationality
visitor's nationalityseason 2002-2008
51%
19%
20%
10%
German
French
Swiss
Others
Europa-Park as employer
By far the greatest employer in the region
More than 8.000 employees
about 100 apprentices
More than 150 international artists
4. Climate change caused by tourism
Aircrafts – Climate Killer No 1???
• Air traffic is:- the most energy costing
manner of locomotion• Vapor trails and cirrostratus force
the heating up of the atmosphere• Air traffic causes four per cent of
the global warming• Accruement of gas by combustion:
- three times higher than the ground
- consequently more climate effective
Possibility of compensation
• Is it possible to compensate bad climate balance with money?
• Organisations offer a per person compensation payment for the usage of kerosene e.g. on atmosfair.de
• Introducing the kerosene taxes??
Development of the low-cost Airlines
Increase of the number of passengers by Ryanair
05
1015202530354045
19
85
19
87
19
89
19
91
19
93
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
20
05
Year
Pas
sen
ger
s (i
n M
illio
n)
Every fifth German flies with low-cost-Airlines
Flights for 0 Euro?
The price battle is becoming more intensive!
19,99 € 1,99 €tickets are for
free
• The EU will do s.th. against the hidden prices.
• No drastic rise in prices
• The environment is further bonded
• They will await no big change concerning tourism
International tourism development
One of the world‘s most important economic sectors Annual growth of 3% to 7%
Tourism‘s impact on the environment
1. Landscape consumption Building of hotels and infrastructure Impairment of nature or landscape
2. Increased energy and water consumption Wasteful lifestyle energy and water used for hotels Water shortage drying- out of soil
3. Increased waste accumulation and sewage Sewage is straightly directed to sea Pollution of the sea
Interview with a local farmer
Fruit trees: in the last years apple trees bloom visibly earlier
The seasons are shifting more and more (redistribution of precipitation)
Sudden change of weather Dry summer:
disadvantage for agriculture
Interview with a local farmer
average temperature in Germany 1900-2008
8,3
8,8
9,3
9,910,1
9,89,5
7,5
8
8,5
9
9,5
10
10,5
11
1900 1950 1992 2000 2003 2007 2008
year
de
gre
e°
• upward trend since 1900
• 10,1° - highest temperature since weather recording (1901)
Glacier melting floodingWeather extremes are
always possible Impact on summer and
winter tourismHealth related effectsSummer 2003 was a
burden especially for children and elderly people
Expected climate changes
Thanks for your attention!
¡Muchas gracias por vuestra atención!
Köszönöm a figyelmet !