COMMISSIONING WORKSHOP
Commissioning, Operations &
Maintenance: Ensuring the Energy
Efficiency of the Built Environment
Energy and Environment in Ships
Athens, Greece, 2015
1st International Conference
ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY in SHIPS 2015
agenda
Commissioning Overview
The goal of commissioning
Guidelines and Standards
Technical vs. Process Commissioning
Commissioning phases
Building Systems which are Commissioned
Description of the Commissioning Process
Documentation used in the Commissioning Process
Operation and Maintenance, Systems Manual
Retrocommissioning, on going commissioning
Conclusion
BUILDING COMMISSIONING
Nearly 30 years of Application
Applies to many Projects
Commercial
Energy Efficient Buildings
Pharmaceuticals
Museums
Data Centers
Hospitals
Commissioning overview
What it means:
Commissioning is a systematic process of ensuring
that all building systems perform interactively
according to contract documents, the owners
objectives and the operational needs, providing a
documented confirmation that the facility fulfills
the functional and performance requirements
Commissioning is the systematic process of
ensuring, through documented verification, that all
building systems are installed and perform in
accordance with the design intent
Commissioning overview
Try to answer this:
Commissioning is a quality assurance strategy.
Commissioning is a technical process of driving systems to a completion from installation completion thru start up and rigorous testing
It is a systematic process that extends through all phases of a construction, renovation, or retrofit project from concept through occupancy
It is a turnover process from contractor to operator
All of the above
Commissioning overview
The terms systematic and documented are
purposely highlighted because of their
significance.
Commissioning in other words is delivering the
project using a system (or a plan) while at the
same time the process and the outcomes are
documented thoroughly
Commissioning is about setting milestones to the
project, associated with deliverables aiming to
final hand over of a project.
The goal of commissioning
Is to deliver a facility that operates as it was
intended, meets the needs of the building
owner and occupants, and provides training of
facility operators. To reach this goal it is
necessary for the commissioning process to provide
documentation and verification of the performance
of all building equipment and systems. For the
process to work successfully it is equally important
to have good communications between all
participants (building designers, owners, operators
and the commissioning agent) and to keep all
parties involved and informed of all pertinent
decisions.
Guidelines and Standards
ASHRAE Guideline 0. The commissioning
Process.
ASHRAE Guideline 1. HVAC commissioning
NIBS guidelines 2 through 14
ASHRAE Standard 202-2013. Commissioning
Process for Buildings and Systems
International Green Construction Code. ICC
commissioning guidelines
LEED (fundamental and enhanced
commissioning)
Guidelines and Standards
CIBSE commissioning codes:
Air Distribution systems Code A.
Water distribution systems Code W.
BSRIA application Guide AG 2/89.3 «Commissioning Water Systems - Application principles»
BSRIA application Guide AG 3/89.3 «Commissioning Air Systems - Application procedures for buildings»
ANSI ASHRAE 111. Practices for Measurement, Testing, Adjusting and Balancing of building Heating, Ventilating, Air- Conditioning and Refrigerating systems
Technical vs. Process Cx
It is a big discussion on what exactly is
commissioning, but basically two approaches for
executing Commissioning projects (Process and
Technical Commissioning) have evolved in the
commissioning industry.
Lets agree that the building commissioning
process consists of a combination of the following:
management of the activities of a diverse group of
parties to the design and construction process, and
execution of highly technical inspections and tests
designed to demonstrate compliance with the Design
Intent of the Project.
Technical vs. Process Cx
Process Commissioning
focuses on the management of a process executed by
designers, contractors, and vendors
Technical Commissioning,
includes both the management tasks described above
and a higher level of involvement in the detailed
execution and documentation of inspections, test, and
issue resolution associated with building delivery.
Technical commissioning is going back – more than
30 years and has been evolved from industrial and oil
markets. Initially was applied as a means of
progressing the project from completion to hand over.
PART A – TECHNICAL Cx
Objectives
Understand the basics of the Technical
Commissioning.
Understand the different phases of
commissioning a project to delivery
Be able to apply the Technical Commissioning
building systems.
Technical commissioning
A series of hands on testing that follows
construction aiming in delivering the project.
Comes from the oil as well as ship industry
Part or as a whole exists in most project
management requirements – as a quality
assurance program, or part of the specifications
as testing
It sets 4 milestones
Mechanical Completion
Pre-commissioning
Commissioning
System Acceptance Testing
Technical commissioning At a glance
Mechanical Completion Verification
Precommissioning
Commissioning
Start-up
System Acceptance Testing
Field Inspections – Documentation Inspections
Inspections, Non operating Adjustments
Operating parameters
Vendor/ sometimes one procedure for Cx and start up
Trial Running
Interim handover certification / issues log
Ready for commissioning Certificate
Ready for Start up Certificate
Ready for SAT and energization
Final Hand Over
MECHANICAL COMPLETION
The checking and testing of equipment and
construction to confirm that the installation is in
accordance with drawings and specifications and
ready for commissioning in a safe manner and in
compliance with project requirements.
An MC Certificate issued by the Contractor to
document that his MC scope has been carried out.
Mechanical Completion verification confirms that
construction and installation of equipment, piping,
instrumentation, cabling, electrical, telecoms
and mechanical components are physically complete
and all inspections, testing and documentation
requirements have been completed.
MECHANICAL COMPLETION
MECHANICAL COMPLETION
MC ISSUES LOG
TYPE 1
MECHANICAL COMPLETION STEPS
Request For Inspection (RFI)
Walk through
Pressure testing
Cleaning and Flushing
Issues log #1 (Punch list)
PRECOMMISSIONING
Precommissioning involves all activities aiming in the start up of an equipment or system. Checklists are mainly tick lists (√). Other type include data record for recording values (Amp draw/ megger / pump head etc.)
Mechanical Checks include:
Proper alignment
Location, Movement and position of valves
Tags
Belt tensions
Correct spin of turn
Venting
Pump and fan first run
PRECOMMISSIONING
Controls Checks include:
All control loops verification
Point to point checks
Verification of valve and damper stroke
Location, Movement and position of valves
Tags
Sensor calibration
PRECOMMISSIONING
Electrical Checks include:
Open circuit breakers and switches
Megger test and continuity
Check bus bars are free of debris and foreign
materials
Check grounding systems for continuity and
resistance
Check motor controls
Close circuit one by one and verify volts
Operate auto and manual
Functionality of switches/light indicators
Fed from signs and as build dwgs
PRECOMMISSIONING
PRECOMMISSIONING
PC ISSUES LOG
TYPE 2A
PRE COMMISSIONING STEPS
Technical work
Vendor attendance
LOTO (Lockout-tagout) procedures
Request for Commissioning (RFC)
Issues log #2A (Punch list)
COMMISSIONING
Commissioning involves all activities aiming in the start up of an equipment or system.
Checklists are mainly cause and effect, or action and response verifying operation under all modes
Commissioning activities include: Verifying sequence of operation for an AHU
Setting set points and verifying operation of booster pumps
Verifying fire pump operation simulating power failure etc.
Verify all sensors to the fire alarm system by means of triggering them via smoke or heat
Lux measurements
ATS operation simulation
TAB (a separate scope of work moving in parallel between precomm and commissioning)
COMMISSIONING
COMMISSIONING
PC ISSUES LOG
TYPE 2C
(Usually 2B is for safety audit)
COMMISSIONING STEPS
Technical work
Vendor attendance
LOTO (Lockout-tagout) procedures
Request for Start Up (RFSU)
Issues log #2C (Punch list)
START UP
Start up is sometimes integral or the outcome of
the commissioning phase.
Vendors do commissioning and start up at the
same time (Chillers, fire pumps, fire detection,
pumps, etc.)
Start up refers to stand alone systems and aims
in the energization of them
During start up LOTO is very important
After start up the commissioning phase is
concluded and the equipment stays in operation
SYSTEM ACCEPTANCE TESTING
Normal trial running operation of the system.
Usual operation is for 72 hours, were no fault should be detected
Examples include:
Running of HVAC for a period of time recording outside and inside temperatures and humidity
Running the fire alarm system and recording any errors or faults
Operating the lights and observe any malfunctioning
Operate water boosters to maintain pressure in Domestic water networks
It refers to stand alone systems
Issuance of type 2D punchlist
PLANT SYSTEM ACCEPTANCE TESTING (PSAT)
Plant includes the synergistic operation of various
equipment and the integration of their operation
PSAT usually refers to HVAC and Fire Alarm
systems.
HVAC includes the integration of Pump, primary and
secondary, DDC, Chiller and Boiler, each one of them
already tested till SAT.
Fire alarm includes the integration of fire panel with
fire fighting and HVAC operation.
Others may be applicable depending on the project
(normal running and back up operations, other
functionalities like maintenance of differential
pressures, etc.)
FINAL HANDOVER
All issues logs are closed
All tests have been conducted successfully
including trial running and PSAT
Maintenance and operations training and
demonstrations are completed.
Any other deliverables required (spare parts,
special tools, etc.)
Final Hand Over and start of warranty period.
PART B – PROCESS Cx
Objectives
Understand the basics of the Commissioning
Process.
Recognize that Commissioning is a process
that starts at project design and finishes after
occupancy
Be able to apply the Commissioning Process
for building systems.
Recognize the use of the Commissioning
Standard.
Process Commissioning
is an approach that focuses on the management
tasks associated with building commissioning.
In this approach, the Commissioning Authority
(CxA) is charged with the task of organizing and
defining the inspections, start up tasks and
integrated performance testing that is required
to demonstrate compliance with the project
Design Intent / OPR
It spans over all phases of the project, from
initial design to occupancy.
Commissioning Span Commissioning
Test &
Balance Start-up
Testing
PROCESS COMMISSIONING
Guidelines development
1982 - ASHRAE forms Commissioning Committee
1989 - Guideline 1: HVAC Commissioning
1996 - Update of Guideline 1
1999 - ASHRAE and NIBS (National Institute of Building Sciences) embark on TBC program
2003-5 - Development of Guideline 0: The Commissioning Process
2005-7 - Revision of Guideline 1
2005-6 - Development of Guideline 3 (Enclosure)
2013 - Standard 202, Commissioning Process for Buildings and Systems
Current ASHRAE Commissioning Guideline Documents
Guideline 0-2005, The Commissioning Process
Guideline 1.1-2007 HVAC Commissioning
Guidelines 0.2 and 1.2, Existing Buildings
Guideline 1.3, Training of Building Staff
Guideline 1.4 - 2014, Systems Manual
Guideline 1.5, Commissioning Smoke Control
Systems
TBC Commissioning Guidelines
Guideline 0. General Procedures: NIBS & ASHRAE
Guideline 1. HVAC & R Systems: ASHRAE
Guideline 2. Structural Systems: ASCE
Guideline 3. Enclosure Systems: NIBS
Guideline 4. Interior Systems:
Guideline 5. Plumbing Systems: ASPE
Guideline 6. Lighting Systems: IES
Guideline 7. Electrical Systems: NECA
Guideline 8. Fire Protection Systems: NFPA
Guideline 9. Telecommunications Systems:
ASHRAE Standard 202
First time Standard and not Guideline
Process listed as 13 functional steps and not by project phase (as opposed to guideline 0)
Each of 13 functional steps has deliverables
ASHRAE Standard 202
First time Standard and not Guideline
Process listed as 13 functional steps and not by project phase (as opposed to guideline 0)
Each of 13 functional steps has deliverables
ACTIVITIES
DELIVERABLES
Initiate Commissioning
Process
Roles and Responsibilities
Project Requirements
Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR)
Develop Commissioning Plan
Commissioning Process Plan (CxP)
Design Approach to Requirements
Basis of Design
ACTIVITIES
DELIVERABLES
Set Contractor Cx Requirements
Cx Specifications
Design Review Design Review Report
Review Submittals
Submittal Review Report
Observation & Testing
Construction Checklists and Reports
ACTIVITIES
DELIVERABLES
Issues Resolution
Issues and Resolution Log
Assemble Systems Manual Systems Manual
Conduct Training Training Plans and
Records
Post Occupancy Operation
End of Warranty Cx Report
Assemble Commissioning Report
Commissioning Report
Owner’s Responsibilities
Review and Approval
Select Systems and Assemblies to be Commissioned
Selecting Project CxA and Commissioning Team
“Agreement” Required for Each Activity and Deliverable
OWNER'S PROJECT REQUIREMENTS
Base Document for Building Performance and Commissioning Process
Facility Requirements – m2, usage, special needs
Commissioning – requirements set
Energy performance
Budget
Training
Live document. It is updated as per Project’s progress
COMMISSIONING PLAN
Project Specific Cx Process Description
List of Systems and Assemblies to be
Commissioned
Roles and Responsibilities (for all parties
involved)
Schedules for Commissioning
Communication lines
Documentation and Checklists
Process for Resolving Problems and Deficiencies
Usually consists of a main body and appendices
that are filled out during the process
BASIS OF DESIGN
It is the Designer’s answer to Owner’s Project
Requirements
Basic Design Information and Assumptions
Defined
Also a living document that is updated if needed
COMMISSIONING REQUIREMENTS
Who must be aware of commissioning
requirements
Contractor
Subcontractors
Vendors
Commissioning Included in bid documents as
Required
Commissioning Included in Specifications
Contracts Include Commissioning
DESIGN REVIEW
Compliance with Owner’s Project Requirements
Include Commissioned Systems and Assemblies
Complete Review Before Construction (preferable before bid documents)
Design Team to Respond
Design review to address:
Issues of maintenance
Clear specifications
Controls elaborated
OPR issues addressed
Commissionability
Details and Schedules etc.
COMMISSIONING SUBMITTAL REVIEW
Compliance with OPR
Compliance with energy model
Looking for valve selection, authorities, proper
damper and regulating devices, control sequences
etc.
Does Not Replace Designer’s Review
Concurrent with Designer Review
Covers Commissioned Systems and Equipment
CONSTRUCTION OBSERVATION AND TESTING
Compliance with OPR,
Compliance with Cx Plan
Compliance with Commissioning Specifications
Compliance of contractors activities
(commissioning, start up) with the approved
Method Statements, sample verification
Commissioning Meetings
Execution of Integrated System Testing /
Functional Performance Testing
ISSUES AND RESOLUTIONS DOCUMENTATION
Issues Log. A management tool
List Issues, Dates and Responsibilities
Can be per equipment type, per building sector,
per system
Show Date of Resolution
Intermediate Issue Logs as Required (different
type punch lists.. 1A, 2B etc.)
Issues Log closure ends the commissioning phase
and initiates the handover period.
SYSTEMS MANUAL
Collection of Project Documents
Technical description, single line diagrams
Facility Operations, set points
Maintenance requirements
Training material
Final Commissioning Report with checlists
It will be used for O&M training and building
operation
Provides Baseline for Operation and Changes
Updated as Buildings may change (Current
Facility Requirements)
TRAINING
O&M Personnel and Occupants
Written Plan with agenda, scope, timeschedule,
participation required etc.
Locations and Facilities, Dwg demonstration and
site walk through
Instructor Qualification (Vendor, Construction
Engineer)
Records of training with signatures is kept
POST OCCUPANCY OPERATION
CxA performs an assessment during warranty
period
Reviews Set points and BMS status and history
Manages postponed and seasonal testing
CxA updates OPR and Cx Plan if required by any
modifications or alterations found (eg occupancy
schedule)
Update Systems Manual and Training
accordingly
COMMISSIONING REPORT
Summary of Commissioning Process
Final Commissioning Plan (Past tense instead of
future)
All appendices filled in
Commissioning Progress Reports
Issues log with the final closures
Checklists and Testing Reports
Open Items (unclosed issues, postponed tests
etc.)
STANDARD 202 ANNEXES
A. Commissioning Process Documentation Matrix
B. Quality Based Sampling Process
C. Initiating the Commissioning Process
D. Owner’s Project Requirements
E. Commissioning Plan
F. Basis of Design
G. Commissioning Specifications
H. Design Review and Report
I. Submittal Review and Report
J. Construction Observation and Testing Checklists and Reports
K. Issues and Resolution Log
L. Systems Manual
M. Training Plans and Records
N. End of Warranty Commissioning
O. Commissioning Report P. Commissioning Information
PART C –Cx for LEED
And other
Objectives
Understand the basics of the Commissioning
Process for LEED.
Commissioning as a Process.
Understand and clarify terminology
Recognize the final uploads to Leedonline
LEED 2009 CX REQUIREMENTS
KARELA OFFICE PARK
The enhanced commissioning approach
2points awarded
Enhanced commissioning (EA credit 3) 2 possible points.
Fundamental commissioning of Building Energy Systems (EA prereq. 1)
NEW EXPERIENCES
• Most projects so far focused only in testing. Extended
Commissioning
• ASHRAE vs. LEED. Verbal distinction
in definitions
• Uploading requirements Leedonline
• A technologically advanced bldg. Testing
requirements
• A distinct period Time allowance
for IST
• A huge file…with valuable information Commissioning
report/file.
LEED NC AND
COMMISSIONING
A TWO-LEVEL FORMAT Commissioning for LEED is divided into
two "levels" called Fundamental Commissioning of Building
Energy Systems and
Enhanced Commissioning
Fundamental Commissioning of Building Energy
Systems is a prerequisite for the system, while
Enhanced Commissioning is an optional credit.
FUNDAMENTAL COMMISSIONING
AND VERIFICATION (EAP 1) – 5
TASKS
Intent: To verify that the building's energy
related systems are installed, calibrated, and
perform according to the owner's project
requirements, basis of design and construction
documents.
Prerequisite
FUNDAMENTAL COMMISSIONING
AND VERIFICATION (EAP 1) – 5
TASKS
Owner shall document the Owner's Project
Requirements (OPR). Design team shall develop
the Basis of Design (BOD). The CxA shall review
these documents for clarity and completeness.
Owner and design team shall be responsible for
updates to their respective documents.
Develop and incorporate commissioning
requirements into the construction documents.
Develop and implement a commissioning plan.
Verify the installation and performance of the
system to be commissioned.
Complete a summary commissioning report.
ENHANCED CX, EA CRE-3 EA Credit 3
Intent: Begin the commissioning process early
during the design process and execute additional
activities after systems performance verification is
completed.
The CxA shall have documented commissioning
authority experience in at least two building
projects.
the CxA shall be independent of the project's design
and construction management
ENHANCED CX, EA CRE-3 Conduct, at a minimum, one commissioning
design review of the OPR, BOD, and design documents prior to mid-construction documents phase and back-check review comments in the subsequent design submission.
Review contractor submittals applicable to systems being commissioned for compliance with the OPR and BOD.
Develop a systems manual.
Verify that the requirements for training are completed.
Conduct a 10 months walk thru.
PART D –Operation and maintenance
Objectives
Understand the relationship between
Commissioning and O&M
Commissioning and LEED EBOM.
Commissioning and performance
The overall goal of building commissioning is to construct a facility that operates as intended. However, it is important to recognize several specific subgoals that will be achieved as a direct result of the commissioning process
Cx improves energy performance. Commissioning is the tune-up that brings about the most efficient performance by the installed equipment. Commissioning tailors the system's operating parameters to the conditions of actual usage. Commissioning optimizes system performance to meet the requirements of the conditions rather than simply operating at the capacity of the equipment
Commissioning and performance
Cx reduces operating costs. Equipment operating improperly is operating inefficiently. Improper operation usually induces more frequent maintenance and results in shorter life expectancy for the equipment, thus increasing annual operating costs and the frequency of capital replacement costs.
Cx improves the orientation and training of the staff who will operate and maintain the systems and equipment. The sophisticated systems being installed will be disabled or compromised if operations and maintenance staff do not understand operation and maintenance requirements
Commissioning and performance
Cx provides improved documentation. Traditionally, specifications and drawings do not include all information needed for operation, troubleshooting, and renovation of the facility. The owner's project requirements, the basis of design documentation, control logic diagrams, one-line diagrams, and operating descriptions help to communicate the designer's intentions to current and future operators and designers. Fully documented testing procedures and results verify the capacity and operating parameters of the facility and the systems, and they facilitate recommissioning that will be needed in the future.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories Commissioning Survey. (July 2009):
Commissioning is arguably the single-most cost-effective strategy for reducing energy, costs, and greenhouse-gas emissions in buildings today.
Median whole-building energy savings: 16% and 13% and median payback times:1.1 and 4.2 years.
Annual energy-savings potential of $30 billion by the year 2030, and 360 MT CO2- eq emissions reductions.
IS IT ONLY THIS?
WHAT IS RETRO-COMMISSIONING?
WHAT IS RETRO-COMMISSIONING?
Retro-commissioning is the process of systematically
evaluating existing buildings and systems that were
never commissioned to ensure:
Original Design Intent – Current Operational Needs –
Energy Conservation Opportunities (ECO) – Addresses less
than optimal performance.
The term used in LEED EBOM is “Existing building
commissioning”
WHY TO RCX?
Older bldgs, on average, consume more
energy
Antiquated control systems that don’t
work
Energy saving control strategies missed in
design
Neglected maintenance wasting energy
and/or causing IAQ problems
System upgrades that miss integration
Building usage / floor plans changed
WHY TO RCX?
Reveals hidden deficiencies that could
have been avoided by commissioning.
Highlights O&M problems that could have
been avoided through better training.
Reveals hidden control system problems,
lowering energy costs.
Benefits intended to be long lasting
Simple payback typically less than two
years
RETRO-CX RESULTS
A study by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) - 2004
Whole-building electricity savings range from 5% to 15%
Heating savings range from 1% to 23%
Payback ranged from 0.2 to 2.1 years
The bigger the building typically the better the payback period
RCX - EBCX – A THREE FOLD PROCESS
EAc2.3. Existing Building Commissioning
On going Commissioning 2pts
EAc2.2. Existing Building Commissioning
Implementation 2pts
EAc2.1. Existing Building Commissioning
Investigation and Analysis 2pts
EBCX - INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS
Perform retro - commissioning in order to confirm
that all building's systems and equipment are
functioning as appropriate.
Through a systematic process develop an
understanding of the operation of the building's
major energy - using systems
EBCX - IMPLEMENTATION
Implement minor improvements and identify
planned capital projects to ensure that the
building's major energy - using system are
repaired, operated and maintained effectively to
optimize energy performance
EBCX - ON GOING COMMISSIONING
On going Commissioning
Make periodic adjustments and reviews of
building operating systems and procedures
Use of benchmarking and trending
More will follow…
RCX PROCEDURE
Facility Investigatio
n and Analysis
(RCx)
Implementation of low cost improvement
s
Sequences, schedules, set points, calibration,
minor repairs
Diagnostics, Monitoring,
Measurements, Functional
testing
On-going commissioni
ng
Energy monitoring,
trending
WHAT IS ON-GOING COMMISSIONING?
On-Going commissioning (Ocx) is the process of
providing continuous improvement in the
operating systems of a building for:
Lower Energy Usage
Lower Water Usage
Improved Indoor Environmental Quality
Appearing as a term in LEED O&M 2009
THE ON-GOING CX OVERVIEW
OCx Plan:
Defines the OCx Team
Include Facility Operating Guide
Develop M&V Procedures
Define Baselines
Define OCx Procedures to be used
Define the OCx Schedule
THE ON-GOING CX OVERVIEW
OCx Activities
Deploy Measurement Tools &
Infrastructure
Train Operators
Measure Performance
Make Corrections
Re-Measure Performance
OCx Report
Deploy Measurement Tools &
Infrastructure
Train Operators
OCX PROCESS CYCLE
Measurement plan
Data collection
Analyze data
Usage baseline
Compare results
Report results
Make changes
ON-GOING VS. CONTINUOUS
COMMISSIONING
Basically the same. CCx is a trade mark of Texas
A&M Engineering Experiment Station.
Market uses CCx with an emphasis to
Continuous to refer to "data-based" building
commissioning software programs. Preferable:
Monitoring based commissioning or Persistent
commissioning.
WHAT IS MONITORING BASED CX It appears as a pilot credit EApc65 in LEED NC
2009.
It appears as a path 2, EAc1, LEED v4, getting 1
more point.
Monitoring-based commissioning refers to the
practice of continuously tracking energy data, either
from industrial systems or a building management
system (BMS), using each of these control data
points to ensure that performance goals are met,
both today and over time.
MONITORING BASED CX
There are three levels of MBCx
Use of BMS for trending and engineering
evaluation
Energy anomaly detection
Software utilization
It is linked with other LEED credits, such as,
minimum energy performance, optimization of
energy performance, energy metering
MONITORING BASED CX - TRENDING
Use BMS, measuring devices, energy meters
and impose trending. Review against specific
benchmarks. Typical BMS don’t track energy
usage
MONITORING BASED CX – ENERGY
ANOMALY DETECTION
Use simple dashboards, excel charts etc.,
to visual inspect the energy behavior of
the building over given
MONITORING BASED CX – SOFTWARE
BASED
Categorized as on-going, software based, fault
detection and diagnostics etc.,
All represent the same idea: A commissioning
software that connects to a building’s control
systems and provides continuous feedback about
building performance, energy consumption and
detected operation improvements.
MONITOR BASED CX SOFTWARE:
Is a database designed to collect all of the
information received by the BMS. In
addition to climate conditions and energy
consumption, it retrieves data collected
by sensors and actuators.
Applies algorithms (expert rules and
performance indices) for consistency
analysis, efficiency assessment and good
operating practices and to identify non-
optimal operation and under- or over-
designed components
DIAGNOSTICS
7°C 18°C 10°C
13°C
100%
25%
30%Hr
MONITORING-BASED CX:
RESULTS?
A study by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) – 2009
Monitoring-Based Commissioning: Benchmarking Analysis of 24 UC/CSU/IOU Projects
Median electricity savings were 1.9 kWh/sf-year (9%)
median simple payback time of 2.5 years
