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Communicating Communicating Emergency Emergency
Information Information To Local Citizens To Local Citizens
And And First RespondersFirst Responders
Communication During Communication During A DisasterA Disaster
National Incident Management National Incident Management System (NIMS)System (NIMS)• Incident Command SystemIncident Command System• Public Information OfficerPublic Information Officer
Interoperable Communication Interoperable Communication to/from field to/from field
Incident Command System Incident Command System (ICS)(ICS)
ICS is managing an incident within a ICS is managing an incident within a common organizational structure common organizational structure which integrates: which integrates: • FacilitiesFacilities• EquipmentEquipment• PersonnelPersonnel• ProceduresProcedures• CommunicationsCommunications
ICS ICS ChartChart
Flexible
Scalable
Incident Command System (ICS)
Incident Commander
Public Information Officer (PIO)Public Information Officer (PIO)
Communicates Communicates with the media and with the media and the public the public
All information All information during an incident during an incident comes from one comes from one source (PIO or source (PIO or Chief Elected Chief Elected Official)Official)
Emergency OperatiEmergency Operation Center (EOC)on Center (EOC)
Joint Information Center (JIC)Joint Information Center (JIC)
JIC: Agencies PIO’s collocate to jointly JIC: Agencies PIO’s collocate to jointly perform crisis communicationperform crisis communication
Communicates coordinate message from Communicates coordinate message from all agencies involvedall agencies involved
Incorporate requirements for special Incorporate requirements for special population messagespopulation messages
Message is shared through multiple Message is shared through multiple mediums (TV, radio, paper, Emergency mediums (TV, radio, paper, Emergency Alert System, Emergency Notification Alert System, Emergency Notification Systems)Systems)
Communicating Communicating Emergency Information to Emergency Information to
CitizensCitizens
Methods of Communicating to Methods of Communicating to CitizensCitizens
Non-interactiveNon-interactive Emergency Alert Emergency Alert
System (EAS)System (EAS) Emergency Emergency
Notification Notification System/Reverse 911System/Reverse 911
WebsitesWebsites Pamphlets and Pamphlets and
newslettersnewsletters Fire, Severe Weather, Fire, Severe Weather,
Winter Weather Winter Weather Awareness Weeks Awareness Weeks CampaignsCampaigns
National Preparedness National Preparedness Month (Sept.)Month (Sept.)
MediaMedia
InteractiveInteractive County and State FairsCounty and State Fairs Emergency Emergency
Preparedness ExpoPreparedness Expo Exercises (mock Exercises (mock
disaster drills)disaster drills) CERT (Community CERT (Community
Emergency Response Emergency Response Team)Team)
HotlinesHotlines Responders going Responders going
door to door/using door to door/using bullhornsbullhorns
Emergency Notification System
Communicating Emergency Communicating Emergency Information to First RespondersInformation to First Responders
First RespondersFirst Responders
Build coordination and Build coordination and communication communication before a disaster!before a disaster!
“ “ Wrong time to shake hands is after Wrong time to shake hands is after the tornado”the tornado”
Utilize Committees/Groups amongst Utilize Committees/Groups amongst responding agenciesresponding agencies
Coordination GroupsCoordination Groups
County agencies:County agencies: Continuity of Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP) and Operations Plan (COOP) and Emergency Operation Center (EOC)Emergency Operation Center (EOC)
Domestic Preparedness:Domestic Preparedness: Law Law Enforcement, Fire, and EMSEnforcement, Fire, and EMS
Voluntary Agencies Active in DisasterVoluntary Agencies Active in Disaster (VOAD):(VOAD): Red Cross, Amateur Radio, Red Cross, Amateur Radio, Nechama, and Humane SocietyNechama, and Humane Society
Coordination Groups, cont.Coordination Groups, cont.
Emergency Preparedness Team: Emergency Preparedness Team: Public Public HealthHealth
Hospitals: Hospitals: Mass CasualtiesMass Casualties Private Business: Private Business: Hazardous Materials and Hazardous Materials and
Business Continuity planningBusiness Continuity planning Radiological Emergency Preparedness: Radiological Emergency Preparedness:
Disasters hitting nuclear power plantsDisasters hitting nuclear power plants Regional & State Emergency Management: Regional & State Emergency Management:
Twin Cities and MN Twin Cities and MN
Incident Command System (ICS)Incident Command System (ICS)
ICS ICS • Chain of Command, information Chain of Command, information
given/received and not lost given/received and not lost ICS ChartICS Chart• Chiefs and Incident Commander are Chiefs and Incident Commander are
aware of activitiesaware of activities• Standardized titles Standardized titles • Ability to share information between Ability to share information between
city, county, and state, and federal city, county, and state, and federal governmentsgovernments
Interoperable CommunicationsInteroperable Communications RadioRadio
• Ultra High/Very Ultra High/Very High Frequencies High Frequencies (UHF/VHF)(UHF/VHF)
• 800 Mega Hertz 800 Mega Hertz (MHz) (MHz)
• Amateur RadioAmateur Radio
Wireless Wireless CommunicationsCommunications• Cell phonesCell phones• InternetInternet• Text MessagingText Messaging• Virtual Emergency Virtual Emergency
Operation Center Operation Center (EOC)(EOC)
Key ChallengesKey Challenges CitizensCitizens
• Following information provided during an emergency Following information provided during an emergency (take shelter, evacuate, boil water)(take shelter, evacuate, boil water)
• Assume “someone” will be there right after the incidentAssume “someone” will be there right after the incident• Message is not applicable to them “Happens to someone Message is not applicable to them “Happens to someone
else”else”
First RespondersFirst Responders• September 30, 2006 National Incident Management September 30, 2006 National Incident Management
System Training RequirementSystem Training Requirement• Public Health – not a First Responder or do not Public Health – not a First Responder or do not
understand their roleunderstand their role• Radio Frequencies – cost of 800 MHzRadio Frequencies – cost of 800 MHz• Technology - time and $ for purchase/trainingTechnology - time and $ for purchase/training• First Responders wear multiple hatsFirst Responders wear multiple hats
Lessons LearnedLessons Learned CitizensCitizens
• Emergency Alert System needs updatingEmergency Alert System needs updating• Must use Emergency Notification System regularly (for Must use Emergency Notification System regularly (for
staff and citizen benefit)staff and citizen benefit)• Pre-education on local hazards & methods of Pre-education on local hazards & methods of
communicationcommunication• Emergency Preparedness KitsEmergency Preparedness Kits
First RespondersFirst Responders• Training on NIMS – Louisiana After Action Report (AAR)Training on NIMS – Louisiana After Action Report (AAR)• Role of the Public Information Officer & public Role of the Public Information Officer & public
perceptionsperceptions• Exercising – using the Incident Command System in Exercising – using the Incident Command System in
various situationsvarious situations
Questions?
Co
mm
Cen
ter
Storage
VOAD
Liaison Officer
National Guard
Kitchen
Entrance
Washington County EOC Operations Room Diagram
Finance Chief
Planning Chief
Ops Chief
Deputy Ops Chief
Law Enf Branch Dir
Transp & Phy Dev Branch
Dir
EOC Command
Co Admin
Fire Branch Dir
Comm Serv Branch Dir
Health Branch
Dir
Safety Officer
EOC Mgr
Logistics Chief
PIO
Other
HSEM RPC
OtherOtherFEMAOther
X4853
X4852
X4851
X4850
X4856
X4857 X7939
X4860
X4859
X4858
X4855
X4854
X7632
X4865
X4866
X4867
X4868
X4870
X4869
Emergency Operation Center (EOC)Emergency Operation Center (EOC)
PIO
Conference Room S109J
Office
Emergency Operations Center (EOC) S108
Storage S108L
Command Staff General Staff
Operations Section(see the EOC Diagram for position
locations and phone numbers)
Planning SectionResource Unit Situation Unit
Documentation Unit Demobilization Unit Tech Specialists
GIS TechAmateur Radio
Public I nformation
Offi cer (PIO)Logistics Section
Support Branch DirectorSupply Unit Facilities Unit Ground Support Unit
Service Branch DirectorCommunication Unit Medical Unit Food Unit
Bathroom Bathroom
Shower
Emergency Manager
Office S108H Copy Room S108G
Office S108D
Kitchen
Office
Su
pp
lies
S1
08
MOffice
EOC Reception
Communication Center S102
Washington County EOC Office Diagram
x7621
x7682
x4864
x4863x4862
x4861
x7938
x7689
x7636
Office
x7938 Phone Number
Emergency Operations
Normal Operations
Legend
PIO