8/8/2019 Communication - Lecture 4
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CommunicationProf Arati Kale
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Hearing
Seeing
Smell
TouchTaste
Communication is a Series of Experiences of
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H and Gestures Mean Different
Things in Different Countries
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H and Gestures Mean DifferentThings in Different Countries
(cont¶d)
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Communication - MeaningCommunication is a dynamic process«
Through this process we convey a thought or feeling to someone else.
H ow it is received depends on a set of events,stimuli, that person is exposed to.
H ow you say what you say plays an importantrole in communication.
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Importance of Communication
Increases adaptability in environment
Both Organization & Individuals cannot exist
without communication
Managerial functions depend on Communication
Essential for motivation and Attitudedevelopment
Good Communication is the foundation of sound management ± Peter Drucker
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TYP ES OF COMMUN ICA TIONIntrapersonal Communication
Dyadic/ Interpersonal Communication
Small Group Communication
P ublic Communication
Mass Communication
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LEVE
LSOF COMMUNICATIONVERBAL
± Intra verbal: intonation of word and sound ± Extra verbal : implication of words and phrases,
semantics
NON-VERBA L
± Gestures ± Postures ± Movements
SYMBO
LIC
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A Communications Model
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S ender
Source Encoding
Receiver
Reception
of themessage by
receiver
Decoding
Use of Message
Transmissionthrough achannel
Feedback
The Communication Process
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B arriers in Communication
(that have to do with the COMMUN ICATOR )
Unwillingness to say things differently
Unwillingness to relate to others differentlyUnwillingness to learn new approaches
Lack of S elf-ConfidenceLack of EnthusiasmVoice qualityPrejudice
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B arriers in Communication(that have to do with the COMMUN ICATOR )
Disagreement between verbal and non-verbal messagesNegative S elf Image
Lack of Feedback
Lack of Motivation and TrainingLanguage and Vocabulary LevelLack of S elf Awareness
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B arriers in Communication(that have to do with the RECE IVER )
S elective Perception
Unwillingness to ChangeLack of Interest in the Topic/ S ubjectPrejudice & Belief S ystemPersonal Value S ystem
H ere-and-Now internal & external factors
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External Barriers in Communication
Environment ± The venue ±
The effect of noise ± Temperature in the room
Other People ± S tatus, Education
Time
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Barriers in Communication
Lack of planningBadly expressed Message
LanguageAssumptions
Loss in transmissionPremature evaluationInformation OverloadPerception
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5 Basic reasons we Do Not L istenL istening is H ard WorkCompetition
The Rush for ActionS peed differences (120 wpm v/s 360 wpm)Lack of Training
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COMMUNICATION
7% WORDS ± Words are only labels and the listeners put their own
interpretation on speakers words
38 % P ARAL IN UIS TIC ± The way in which something is said - the accent, tone
and voice modulation is important to the listener.
55 % B OD Y LAN UA E ± What a speaker looks like while delivering a message
affects the listener¶s understanding most.
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TY PE S OF BOD Y L ANGUAGERemember that you are dealing with ³PEOP LE´
(P) OS TURES & ES TURES ± H ow do you use hand gestures? S tance?
(E)YE CON TACT ± H ow¶s your ³ L ighthouse´?
(O)RIEN TATION ± H ow do you position yourself?
(P) RESEN TATION
± H ow do you deliver your message?(L)OOKS ± Are your looks, appearance, dress important?
(E)P RESS IONS OF EMO TION ± Are you using facial expressions to express emotion?
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Organizational communications
Organizational communications is the process by
which information is exchanged between a sender
and receiver.
Communication process is complicated by organizational
characteristics such as hierarchy and power relations, andby the fact that managers and non-managers all have
idiosyncrasies, abilities and biases.
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Three Common Formal S mall-Group Networks
E X H I B I T 11±3
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Key issues related to communications in theworkplace
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Making Communication Effective
1. S hort S imple S entences & Unambiguouswords
2. Face to Face Communication, wherever possible3. S upplement with examples & Illustrations
4. Use Feedback5 . Plan the Communication
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Making Communication Effective
6. Develop empathy with audience
7 . Make Verbal message congruent with Non Verbal
message
8 . A lign message contents from receiver¶s view point
9 . Understand Physical & human environment
10 . O rganizational Structure to minimize filtering
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Making Communication Effective
11.Create environment for free expression of ideas
12.Use Credible source
13. L isten carefully
14.Preparing ground by communicatingsomething of interest or value to audience