Communication on "Land as a Resource"

WFD CIS Working Group on programme of Measures26 March 2014

Jacques DelsalleDG EnvironmentUnit B1 – Agriculture, Forests & Soil

Land multiple functions: how to deal with synergies and trade-offs?

Europe 2020Green Jobs

Europe 2020Green Jobs

EnergyEnergy

CAPCAP

Cohesion & Urban Policy

Cohesion & Urban Policy

Bio-economyBio-economy

Climate AdaptationClimate AdaptationForest StrategyForest Strategy

Water PolicyWater Policy

Biodiversity StrategyBiodiversity Strategy

TransportPolicy

TransportPolicy

Health &Pollution policies

Health &Pollution policies

DPSIR

Drivers

•Demography•GDP, sectoral production•Trade, Globalization•Consumption patterns, behaviours•Climate change and variability

Drivers

•Demography•GDP, sectoral production•Trade, Globalization•Consumption patterns, behaviours•Climate change and variability

Pressures

•land use changes•urban sprawl, artificialisation•Agri. intensification / abandonment•Infrastructures•Land tenure

Pressures

•land use changes•urban sprawl, artificialisation•Agri. intensification / abandonment•Infrastructures•Land tenure

State

•Land use/cover•Land degradation•Potential productivity•Soil quality•Water retention

State

•Land use/cover•Land degradation•Potential productivity•Soil quality•Water retention

Impacts

•agri/forest production•ecosystem services•biodiversity•pollution•water resources•land price•wider economic impacts•social impacts

Impacts

•agri/forest production•ecosystem services•biodiversity•pollution•water resources•land price•wider economic impacts•social impacts

Responses

Structural measures•Land demand, land managementPolicy Instruments•Land regulations, economic instruments, communication & information instruments

Responses

Structural measures•Land demand, land managementPolicy Instruments•Land regulations, economic instruments, communication & information instruments

Action at EU level

•Need to act at EU level: subsidiarity/proportionality• New policy instruments• Use of existing policies and regulations• Soft approach, guidelines• Improvement knowledge base

Action at EU level

•Need to act at EU level: subsidiarity/proportionality• New policy instruments• Use of existing policies and regulations• Soft approach, guidelines• Improvement knowledge base

EU GlobalEU Global

Problem definition (1/2)

• Land is a finite resource

• The resource is shrinking:• Land take: almost 1000 km2 of agriculture or natural land

disappear every year in the EU• Growing share of EU land affected by degradation process

(erosion, loss of organic matter) and loss of ecosystem services provision potential.

• This is a global problem:• EU-driven land degradation outside the EU• Growing global land demand for settlement, food, biomass• Climate change impacts on land demand, availability,

degradation…

Land take: will trends 1990-2006 continue?

What will be the impacts of economic crisis? Fresh

insights to come from

CORINE 2012 data…

What could be the impacts of EU policies? (Agriculture, Energy & Climate, Cohesion, TEN-T, etc…)

Source: JRC (2012)

Land degradation in the EU

• Complex phenomenon including• loss of productive land, • soil sealing,• agro-silvo-pastoral land

abandonment,• inappropriate agricultural

intensification,• ecosystem fragmentation,• pollution,• increased frequency of

climatic extremes• etc.

Organic Carbon (%) No Data 0 - 1 1 - 2 2 - 5 5 - 10 10 - 25 25 - 35 > 35

Tonnes of soil erosion per hectare per year, JRC (RUSLE model)

Pressures on soil biodiversity, JRC (from the European Soil Biodiversity Atlas)

Global dimension

Source: Bringezu et al. (2014)

Problem definition (2/2)

• Lack of integration of sustainable land resource management at various levels• EU policies and funding instruments• Public policies (national, regional, local, river

basin, etc..)• Behaviour of firms, consumers, investors

• Insufficient knowledge and assessment tools• Monitoring of land cover/use/management changes• Sustainable land planning tools

Background

• 2011 EU2020 Strategy / Road Map for resource-efficient Europe (RERM) • Milestone: “By 2020, EU policies take into account their direct and indirect

impact on land use in the EU and globally, and the rate of land take is on track with an aim to achieve no net land take by 2050;

• soil erosion is reduced and the soil organic matter increased, with remedial work on contaminated sites well underway".

• 2012 Rio+20 outcome document “The future we want”:• land and soil degradation recognized as a global problem• Milestone on land: "strive to achieve a land degradation neutral world in the

context of sustainable development“

• 2013 7th Environment Action Programme for the EU• calls for setting targets on land take and on a number of crucial soil quality

aspects (erosion, organic matter and contamination).

• 2011 Biodiversity Strategy

• 2013 Climate Adaptation strategy, etc.

The Communication on “Land as a resource” responds to these political mandates

Land Efficiency

Land take

Land degradationGlobal impacts

Increase land efficiency by optimizing the provision of

different land functions

Bringing together the common elements from these processes in order to ensure that EU land management is

based on sustainable principle

What will be the Communication about?

• Raising awareness about :• the value of land as a resource for crucial ecosystem services

(provisioning, regulating, cultural, etc.);• the limitation of the resource and how it is affected by land take and land

degradation;• how the gap can increase particularly in the context of global challenges

(increase in population, food demand, bioenergy, climate change)

• Providing pointers for further action at EU level:• Evaluate the effectiveness of current policy instruments at National, EU

and global levels;• Define the sustainable level of ambition for a set of objectives (targets)

for pressures, state, impacts or responses• Assess options for EU contribution to a more sustainable management of

land as a resource.

Policy options • We are currently assessing the effectiveness of existing policy instruments at EU, national and local level.

• On this basis, potential policy options for action at EU level will be identified, to be subject to public and stakeholder consultation and impact assessed

PlanningPlanning

toolstools

Calendar, next steps

• 2014: support studies, preparation joint JRC-EEA report

• 19 June 2014: Conference in Brussels and launch of public and stakeholder consultation

• Autumn 2014: workshop with Member States to discuss shortlisted policy options

• Early 2015: internal decision process (new Commission)

• Mid-2015: publication Communication, Impact Assessment and joint JRC-EEA report

Thank you for your

attention!

http://ec.europa.eu/environment/land_use/index_en.htm