Date post: | 18-Jan-2015 |
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Education |
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(CLL) Community Language Learning
Origin
Paul La Forge Charles Curran
Carl Rogers
Stage 1 Reflection Stage 2 Recorded conversation
Stage 3 Discussion Stage 4 Transcription
Stage 5 Language analysis
Stages
Five psychological stages from childhood to adulthood :
1. Birth : the learners know nothing of the target language, and are completely dependent on the knower for everything they want to say.
2. Self : the learners start to get an idea of how the language works and to use it for themselves, but still seek the knower’s help. They may, for instance tell the knower what they want to say directly in the target language, looking to the knower only for confirmation or correction.
Five psychological stages from childhood to adulthood :
3. Separate Existence : they start to use the language without referring to the knower, and may even be resentful of his/her attempts to help.
4. Adolescence : learners continue to express themselves independently, but may be aware of gaps in their knowledge, and start to turn back to the knower.
5. Independence : learners can continue their learning independently. They no longer need the knower, and may start to act as counselors for less advanced students.
Six elements of nondefensive learning
1.Security2.Aggression3.Attention4.Reflection5.Retention6.Discrimination
Working with large classes Working with large classes
•Working with monolingual or multilingual classes
Some obstacles
•Working with large classes
Techniques
Techniques Principles Situation/ Effect
Tape recording students’
conversation
Motivation for learners and able to recall the meaning in
first conversation
Short Conversation
Reflection on experience
Students reflect on what they have experienced
Students share their difficulties and
experiences in the process of learning
Transcription The opportunity to translate his or her
utterances
Dialogue- translate native language to
English
Techniques
Techniques Principles Situation/ Effect
Reflective listening Students need quiet reflection time in
order to learn
Concentration on new language
learning
Human Computer Enable students develop an inner
wisdom about where they need to work
Aroused learner’s spontaneity in
learning English
Small group tasks Students can begin to feel a sense of
community and learn from each other
Encouraged cooperation, not
competition among learners
Pros1. Learners appreciate the autonomy CLL offers them and helps to improve
analyzing their own conversations.2. CLL works especially well with lower levels who are struggling to produce
spoken English. 3. The students learn to communicate and use the cognitive knowledge from
the very beginning in order to practice the rules of the target language before they formulate their individual sentences or utterances.
4. The class often becomes a real community, not just when using CLL but all of the time. Students become much more aware of their peers, their strengths and weaknesses and want to work as a team.
5. To learn how to use the target language communicatively.6. Helping students how to learn from one another.7. Helping students about their own learning by taking increasing responsibility
for it.8. Lowers learners’ anxiety
Cons
1. Counselor/teacher can be non-directive2. In the beginning some learners find it difficult to speak on
tape. (phonophobia) 3. Learners might find that the conversation lacks
spontaneity.4. Teachers can find it strange to give their students so much
freedom and tend to intervene too much.5. The presentation of this method in the classroom is
process-based and not content-based which makes it difficult to build the outline of this method.
6. Time control 7. Student number control
Prepared byAytekin Aliyeva