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Community Organizing & Bulding for Disaster Mitigation-caring power & social capital-
22nd APAN in Singapore
Shinobu SakuraiMie University, School of NursingCommunity Nursing
Foundation of Comprehensive Disaster Science (Field Study in Thailand on
December 7, 2005. ) Primary care (to keeping basic human need &
health ) Psychotherapy (to keeping spirits for survive) City planning :architecture, civil engineering (to
back to normal life style) Urgent installation on network after disaster:
field server development (to monitoring & analyzing data)
GIS for disaster (to share the data for safety measure)
SOI ASIA the 1st delivery contents
multidiciplinary approach for victims
Destruction of person, thing, and environment over wide range that exceeds adjustment limit of community
Destruction of a serious social function
ⅡⅡ.The throughput in the area is exceeded, .The throughput in the area is exceeded, ReRe ss cure & relief from the outside of an area cure & relief from the outside of an area is requiredis required..
ⅢⅢ. . Emergency with many disaster victims Emergency with many disaster victims
ⅠⅠ.occurring in the limited area for a short span.occurring in the limited area for a short span
The definition of disaster
The difference between usual emergency
care and disaster medical treatment
Demand < Medical resources
Care for an individual life support is priority.
Demand > Medical resources
There are large number of people who need the basic life support priority.
In the case of emergency In the case of disaster medical treatment
The difference between a Kobe earthquake and a Niigata earthquake
Niigata earthquake Great Hanshin Earthquake The
classification of disaster
A district type and middle Mountain
City type
Feature Isolated social + aged society
Aged society
Feature Death in the car Related death
Death toll 40 (man : 16 woman : 24) Related death 60.0%
Death in the train Nine persons
6443 (man: the 552 daughter :
919) Related death 14.3%
Refuge person
(maximum)
103,000 317,000
The purpose of countermeasures against calamities
1. A human life is protected.
2. Property is kept.
3. A daily life living and business are rebuilt quickly.
4. The prior measure for making damage minimum.
A Comprehensive Approach to a Disaster Situation
< Three Factors to be attended >
Infrastructure
CommunityIndividual/Family
Social Capital
About a social capital
The common norm and common sense of values which make easy cooperation between the inside of a group, or a group, the network accompanied by an understanding
Social reliance
Network The norm
A
B C
The conventional network
(Shared-territorial-bonding organization etc.)
The element of subject discovery power
The leadership coordinator element which performs production of human relations
The element of the public space for communication
A
B C
Disaster prevention plan
Warning term
An acute term
1~2 months
A subacute term 1~6 months
Chronic term 2~3years
Calm term
Phase 0:24H Grasp of disaster victims Emergency measure
Phase 1:72H f a stricken area Actual condition of assistance & support Aid and prediction to the exterior Prevention of secondary disaster Uneasy removal
Phase 2 : Up to 4 days ~ 2 weeks Management of a shelter : Health, life, etc.
Disaster cycle The reparation of disaster training and a stockpile
The reparation of disaster training and a stockpile
The preparation of disaster Disaster education and training
The preparation of disaster Disaster education and training
warning systemRefuge preparation first aids & emergency care
warning systemRefuge preparation first aids & emergency care Phase 3:3rd week ~ 2 months
Makeshift house moving Healthy management Production of a new community
Long term Mental care
Assistance of daily living
Local reorganization support
Community organizing & rebuilding for disaster mitigation
1. determination of the window at the time of disaster (one place) Selection of the main person in charge at the time of disaster Administration, medical treatment, welfare, a lifeline, etc. All the groups that exist in a community
Administration
Medical treatment
Welfare
Water supply
Gas
Electricity
Association Residents’ association
Information
33 , making the , making the medical & health medical & health care system for care system for disaster emergency : disaster emergency : connection and connection and cooperation of cooperation of medicalmedical institutions institutions and welfare facilities and welfare facilities
22 , , Holding of the liaison committee of a headquarters of each department and each person in charge of groups
4 . Background grasp of a citizen and creation of a
registration procedures (background: such as a state of past history and a house, family structure, vulnerable groups in
disaster, etc.)
5 . saving food, clothing and shelter
He is a person with a high support priority at the time of disaster.
C: Children E: Elderly people H: Handicapped C: Chronically ill T: Tourist
Who are vulnerable groups in disaster
Those who have a handicap in physically Elderly people, a physically handicapped person, a sick person, infants, etc. Those who have a handicap in information is
exchanged A visually impaired person, a hearing-impaired person, foreigner, etc.
Those who have a handicap in understanding and judgment
A mentally handicapped person, infants, etc.
How important social capital in community is!
Relief and rescue Importance of a community and independence disaster prevention Refuge life Management and operating shelter,
practical use of a community Disaster-victim support A makeshift house, affliction proof, disaster volunteer inauguration Restoration and revival Joint work with residents, such as city planning conference of revival Disaster measures "the prior measure from post to correspondence" "the paradigm shift top-down to bottom up"