Community Themes and Strengths Assessmenthealth.dekalbcounty.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/...The...

Community Themes and Strengths Assessment

APRIL 2018


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Contents

Community Themes and Strengths........................................................................................................... 2

Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 2

Methodology ......................................................................................................................................... 2

Survey Results ....................................................................................................................................... 4

Analysis/Key Findings .............................................................................................................................. 13

Appendix 2.1 ........................................................................................................................................... 14

Appendix 2.2 ........................................................................................................................................... 18


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Community Themes and Strengths

Introduction The purpose of this assessment is to collect contextual information about DeKalb County resident’s perspective of well-being. Using qualitative research methods, this assessment aims to answer the following questions:

1. What is important to the community? 2. How is quality of life perceived? 3. What assets can be used to improve community well-being?

Methodology The “Together for a Healthier DeKalb County” steering committee discussed data collection methods, developed strategies for participant recruitment, and implemented strategies of data collection. The committee considered literacy and layout of the survey before it was made available to the public.

Survey Design The survey selected was designed by Fairfax County in Virginia and was adapted to fit the needs of DeKalb County. The survey was first introduced to community partners in February 2017 at the close of the Public Health System Assessment.

The survey contained questions on DeKalb County’s greatest strengths, important health concerns, risky behaviors, community and personal health, and where the community should focus its attention to make things better in DeKalb County. The survey collected respondent demographic information including zip code, age, sex, marital status, children living in the home, DeKalb County residency, household income, level of education, race, ethnicity, where health care is obtained when needed and how respondents pay for health care. The survey was available in both English and Spanish (Appendix 2.1).

Survey Distribution The strategies for collecting data including configuring the survey using an online research application called Qualtrics. This allowed for all survey results to be stored in one database and analyzed efficiently. The survey was also available in paper form for respondents that may not have access to the internet or are uncomfortable with technology. Community partners were encouraged to take the survey themselves, share with their employees and clients. Area providers made the survey available in their waiting rooms. The steering committee also targeted ‘hard to reach’ populations. This included low income, mental health clinics, youth organizations, and food pantries. The surveys were available at the Northern Illinois University Wellness Fair on March 28th, 2018 and the Chamber Fair on March 29th, 2018.

The survey opened January 16th, 2018 and closed April 2, 2018. The survey results were then analyzed and displayed to be used in consideration when setting community health priorities.


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Using the networks of the steering committee, the survey was launched and distributed via:

• An e-blast to community partners invited to participate in the Local Public Health System Assessment

• DeKalb County Health Department lobby using bulletin boards with drop boxes* • DeKalb County Health Department Facebook Banner and pinned survey posts • County schools included the link in their virtual backpacks for parents to fill out* • Joint press release • Northwest Medicine Connections Letter to employees • DeKalb County employees email blast • Local Public Aid Office* • University Village* • Mental Health Board to be sent to partners and clients • YMCA email blast • DeKalb County Community Foundation included the link in their e-newsletter • Kishwaukee Community College posted the link on their both employee and student portals • Ben Gordon Center Mental Health clinic* • Barb Foot Mart food pantry* • Greater Elgin* • Family Service Agency* • Libraries* • Area wellness fair at NIU and Chamber event • NIU Student Health Services • Youth Service Providers*

(*underserved population outreach)


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Survey Results

Who answered the survey?

The Community Themes and Strengths survey elicited responses from 1,052 individuals. Eighty-nine percent of respondent’s report living in DeKalb County. Forty-seven percent of respondent’s report living in DeKalb County for 21 years or more, 24 percent report 11-20 years. Seventy-one percent of respondents have been living in DeKalb County over a decade. Seventy-five percent report working in DeKalb County. Females made up 79 percent of the survey responses. Most respondents reported being in the 45-64 age range, 38 percent. Followed by the 35-44 age range at 19%. Over half the respondents reported being married, 61 percent, followed by single at 25 percent, 7 percent report being divorced, 5 percent are partnered, and 2 percent are widowed (Table 1). Seven percent of respondents reported being of Hispanic or Latin descent (Graph 1).

Table 1

Graph 1

93%

7%

Ethnicity

NonHispanic/Latino

Hispanic/Latina


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White/Caucasian respondents made up 81.7 percent, African American’s responded at 8.4 percent. The Other category made up 5.3 percent, Multiracial 2.1 percent, Asian 1/6 percent and American Indian/Alaska Native 0.7 percent of total respondents. The annual income of most respondents is $100K+, 29 percent. Thirty-nine percent of respondent’s report making under 50K per year, 61 percent report making above 50K per year (Graph 2).

8%

14%

17%

21%

19%

29%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Less than $9,999

$10,000-$29,999

$30,000-$49,999

$50,000-$74,999

$75,000-$99,999

$100,000+

Annual Income

8.4%

0.7%

1.6%

2.1%

0.3%

5.3%

81.7%

0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0%

African American

American Indian/Alaska Native

Asian

Multiracial

Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander

Other

White/Caucasian

Race

Graph 2


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Respondents report education attainment to be bachelor’s degree, 27.3 percent, followed by Graduate Degree or higher at 27.1 percent. Some College was reported at 19.1 percent, Associates Degree or Technical Skill was 13.1 percent, High School/GED at 11.2 percent and only 1.7 percent reported less than High School (Graph 3).

Most respondents are living in zip code 60115 the City of DeKalb, 48.2 percent. Followed by 60178 Sycamore, 28.5 percent. The remainder of the respondents were in outlying areas (Graph 4).

13.1%

27.3%

27.1%

11.2%

1.7%

19.7%

0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0%

Associates/Technical

Bachelor's Degree

Graduate Degree or higher

High School/GED

Less than High School

Some College

Education Attainment

48.2%

28.5%

4.3% 3.8% 3.5% 1.9% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.1% 1.1% 1.0% 2.2%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

6011

5

6017

8

6054

8

6013

5

6011

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6014

6

6055

0

6014

5

6015

1

6015

0

6055

6

6055

2

Oth

er

Zip Codes of Respondents

Graph 3

Graph 4


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Nearly 75 percent of respondent’s report having at least one other person in their household. The respondent then reported the age ranges of others in the household, 37.3 percent reported having Children under the age of 18 years (Table 2).

Respondents were asked what healthcare setting they use if they are sick. Graph 5 indicates that 71 percent would go to their primary care provider, 17 percent reported using an urgent or immediate care setting, only 2 percent reported using the emergency room or the local health department (Graph 5). Eight-one percent reported yes to having a primary care provider (Graph 6).

Table 2

81%

19%

Has Primary Care Provider

Yes

No

Graph 5

Graph 6


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Graph 7 suggests 72 percent of respondents pay for their health care with private insurance, 10 percent reported having Medicare, 7 percent with Medicaid, and remaining 10 percent report having Veteran’s Administration coverage, Student Health Insurance, or other.

Private Health

Insurance (Employer

Provided or Self

Purchased)72%

Medicare10%

Medicaid7%

Other5%

Pay Cash/No Insurance

4%

Student Health

Insurance1%

Veteran's Administration

(VA)1%

TYPE OF HEALTH CARE COVERAGE

Graph 7


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Table 3 highlights the Top 3 Strengths in DeKalb County according to the survey respondents. Police, Fire, and Rescue services were the top ranked, 10.6 percent. Friendly Community was next, 10.2 percent and Parks and Recreation was the third at 9.2 percent (Table 3). These strengths portray DeKalb County as a

safe, friendly and active place to live. Graph 8 below displays the other categories and how they ranked. Respondents also ranked good schools, walkable, bikeable community and access to health care in the top 5.

10.6%10.2%

9.2%

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

Top 3 Strengths of DeKalb County

Top 3 Strengths of DeKalb County Category Percent Police, Fire, and Rescue Services 10.6% Friendly Community 10.2% Parks and Recreation 9.2%

Table 3

Graph 8


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Table 4 shows the Top 3 Health Concerns of DeKalb County. Respondents most frequently selected Mental Health Problems at 13.8 percent, Alcohol/Drug Abuse 12.6 percent and Housing that is Safe and Affordable as the third ranked health concern. Other high-ranking concerns include violence, obesity

and bullying.

13.8%

12.6%

7.5%

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%

Men

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Top 3 Health Concerns of DeKalb County

Top 3 Health Concerns of DeKalb County Category Percent Mental Health Problems 13.8% Alcohol/Drug Abuse 12.6% Housing that is Safe and Affordable 7.5%

Graph 9

Table 4


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Table 5 lists the Top 3 Risky Behaviors of DeKalb County according to the opinion of the respondents. Alcohol and Drug Use at 12.7 percent, Poor Nutrition/Eating Habits at 13.4 percent and being Overweight at 11.9 percent. Other top ranking risky behaviors include tobacco and e-cigarette use, lack

of exercise and too much use of technology or screen time (Graph 10).

23.7%

13.4%11.9%

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

Top 3 Risky Behaviors of DeKalb County

Top 3 Risky Behaviors of DeKalb County Category Percent Alcohol and Drug Use 23.7% Poor Nutrition/Eating Habits 13.4% Being Overweight 11.9%

Table 5

Graph 10


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Table 6 highlights the top three areas respondents think resources should be allocated. Access to Mental Health Services at 13.1 percent, Low Crime/Safe Neighborhoods at 10.5 percent and Good Jobs and Healthy Economy at 9.4 percent. Graph 11 depicts other high-ranking areas of focus. These include

access to drug and alcohol treatment, affordable housing and schools.

13.1%

10.5%

9.4%

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

Acce

ss to

Men

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vent

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r Em

erge

ncie

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rans

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nclu

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nter

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Top 3 Areas of Focus in DeKalb County

Top 3 Areas of Focus in DeKalb County Category Percent Access to Mental Health Services 13.1% Low Crime/Safe Neighborhoods 10.5% Good Jobs and Healthy Economy 9.4%

Table 6

Graph 11


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Analysis/Key Findings

The profile of respondents answering many of the surveys were educated (bachelor’s degree or higher), middle class ($50K+ annually), middle aged (44-65 years old), married, women, living and working in DeKalb County Illinois for over a decade. They have access to health care through private pay insurance and have a primary care provider which has been seen at least once in the past year.

The key findings from this perspective include;

Top 3 Strengths - 1. Police, Fire, and Rescue Services 2. Friendly Community 3. Parks and Recreation

Top 3 Health Concerns – 1. Mental Health Problems 2. Alcohol/Drug Abuse 3. Housing that is Safe and Affordable.

Top 3 Risky Behaviors – 1. Alcohol/Drug Use 2. Poor Nutrition/Eating Habits 3. Being Overweight

Top 3 Areas to Focus – 1. Access to Mental Health Services 2. Low Crime Safe Neighborhoods 3. Good Jobs and Healthy Economy

According to the Community Health Status Assessment done through the MAPP process. The respondents compare to the demographics of DeKalb County in ways that are similar, however an over sampling has occurred. Similarly, to the demographic make-up of DeKalb County according to the US Census Bureau, the average income is $57K, survey respondents reported $50K+ income. Only 20 percent of DeKalb County residents live in rural settings, nearly 80 percent of respondent’s report living in urban settings (DeKalb and Sycamore) according to zip codes. The county is primarily White at 87 percent according to the census, nearly 82 percent of survey respondents reported White as their identified race. There was an oversampling of women in survey respondents, the mean age in DeKalb County according to the census is 30 years old, the age range most frequently selected by survey respondents was the category range of 44-65 years. Primary Care Providers (PCP) in DeKalb County occur at a rate of 3.8 providers for every 10,000 people, this is a disparity. Although 81 percent of survey respondents reported having a PCP. This would suggest there are not access issues to the survey respondents and they would be less likely to select barriers listed on the survey related to expense, transportation, and availability of PCP services.

From a Public Health perspective according to the Public Health Accreditation Board (PHAB), the survey respondents should be reprehensive of hard to reach populations or the underserved and at-risk populations in a community. This would include representation of disabled, developmentally delayed, homeless populations, race diversity, Hispanic, low income, rural dwellers, unemployed or under employed, women of child bearing age with children under 5 years of age in the home home.

The survey results have a large enough sample size to be considered representative of the DeKalb County population. The “Together for a Healthier DeKalb County” Steering Committee will use these results when considering the health priorities. DeKalb County Health Department recommends incremental surveys be administered within the next 5 years targeting hard to reach populations. For full survey results see Appendix 2.2.


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Appendix 2.1


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Appendix 2.2

1. What are the 3 greatest STRENGTHS of DeKalb County? n=1052 Category Count Percent Police, Fire, and Rescue Services 335 10.6% Friendly Community 323 10.2% Parks and Recreation 291 9.2% Good Schools 278 8.8% Access to Healthcare 236 7.5% Walkable, Bikeable Community 144 4.6% Affordable Housing 145 4.6% Access to Affordable Healthy Foods 140 4.4% Public Transportation 143 4.5% Clean Environment 132 4.2% Senior Services 124 3.9% Arts and Cultural Events 104 3.3% Low Crime/Safe Neighborhoods 100 3.2% Homeless Services 84 2.7% Access to Child Care 80 2.5% Religious/Spiritual Values 80 2.5% Early Childhood Services 72 2.3% Programs for Youth Outside of School 70 2.2% Respect towards Different Cultures and Races 57 1.8% Technology/Internet Access 53 1.7% Good Jobs and Health Economy 47 1.5% Prepared for Emergencies (tornadoes, floods, disease) 43 1.4% Other 40 1.3% Access to Alcohol/Drug Treatment 35 1.1% Grant Total 3156 100.0% Other (write in comments)

Generous donors and nonprofits, including faith communities, that work together to solve problems Nothing else These merits can be attributed to NIU impact NIU Mental Health Services Generosity, support for nonprofits/charity I cannot choose a 3rd one. This county has a lot to work on.


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Keep streets clean in the winter Caring community Education

2. What do you think are the 3 most important health concerns in DeKalb County? n=1025 Categories Count Percent Mental Health Problems 425 13.8% Alcohol/Drug Abuse 388 12.6% Housing that is Safe and Affordable 230 7.5% Violence 218 7.1% Obesity (overweight) 198 6.4% Bullying 174 5.7% Domestic Violence 153 5.0% Too Much Screen Time/Technology Use 141 4.6% Cancers 116 3.8% Aging Problem 117 3.8% Stress 119 3.9% Child Abuse/Neglect 91 3.0% Fire-arm Related Injuries 91 3.0% Heart Disease and Stroke 79 2.6% Tobacco Use/Smoking/E-cigarettes 78 2.5% Diabetes 73 2.4% Rape/Sexual Assault 48 1.6% Disabilities 46 1.5% Motor Vehicle Injury 45 1.5% High Blood Pressure 41 1.3% Suicide 36 1.2% Dental Problems 35 1.1% Teenage Pregnancy 29 0.9% Other 24 0.8% Unplanned Pregnancy 25 0.8% Accidental Injuries 23 0.7% Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs including HIV/AIDS) 21 0.7% Infectious Disease 12 0.4% Grand Totals 3076 100.0% Other (write in comments) safe drinking water Drugs High Taxes


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Mental health and drugs problems fill up jail, like most towns in America. Need to better handle mental health needs. Too much subsidized housing food pantry Food Insecurity Crime Food scarcity Services for seniors

3. What are the top 3 "risky behaviors" in DeKalb County? n=1014 Categories Count Percent Alcohol/Drug Use 720 23.7% Poor Nutrition/Eating Habits 407 13.4% Being Overweight 362 11.9% Tobacco Use/Smoking/E-cigarettes 300 9.9% Lack of Exercise 288 9.5% Too Much Screen Time/Technology Use 257 8.5% Unfairness Towards Other Races/Cultures 201 6.6% Dropping Out of School 136 4.5% Lack of Car Safety 126 4.1% Unsafe Sex 122 4.0% Not Getting "Shots"/Vaccines to Prevent Disease 85 2.8% Other 37 1.2% Grand Total 3041 100.0% Other (write in comments) Poor Parenting Skills Mobility quality of education Walking at any time of day due to gun violence clean neighborhoods none of the above Sex outside of marriage Premarital sex (There is no "safe sex" outside of marriage.) gun violence violence Gangs lack of grocery stores by NIU Crime Lack of facilities for mental health


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4. How would you rate the health of DeKalb County? Category Count Percent Very Healthy 10 1.0% Healthy 270 26.7% Somewhat Unhealthy 592 58.4% Unhealthy 120 11.8% Very Unhealthy 21 2.1% Grand Total 1013 100.0%

5. How would you rate your personal health? Category Count Percent Very Healthy 105 10.4% Healthy 540 53.3% Somewhat Unhealthy 308 30.4% Unhealthy 48 4.7% Very Unhealthy 12 1.2% Grand Total 1013 100.0%

6. Where should the community FOCUS its attention to make things better in DeKalb County? n=1105

Category Count Percent Access to Mental Health Services 396 13.1% Low Crime/Safe Neighborhood 318 10.5% Good Jobs and Healthy Economy 284 9.4% Access to Alcohol/Drug Treatment 205 6.8% Affordable Housing 179 5.9% Schools 137 4.5% Access to Healthcare 129 4.3% Violence 107 3.5% Respect towards Different Cultures and Races 101 3.3% Reduce Bullying 101 3.3% Programs for Youth Outside of School 88 2.9% Walkable/Bikeable Community 82 2.7% Access to Special Needs Services 79 2.6% Clean Environment 77 2.6% Public Transportation 76 2.5% Access to Child Care 69 2.3% Senior Services 70 2.3% Information on How to be Healthy 70 2.3%


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Stress Management 65 2.2% Parks and Recreation 61 2.0% Healthy Moms and Babies 56 1.9% Homeless Services 46 1.5% Arts and Cultural Events 40 1.3% Police, Fire, and Rescue 49 1.6% Early Childhood Services 31 1.0% Prepared for Emergencies 27 0.9% Faith Communities 26 0.9% Sexually Transmitted Disease (STDs including HIV/AIDS) 22 0.7% Other 17 0.6% Technology/Internet Access 7 0.2% Grant Total 3015 100.0% Other (write in comments) Taxes Teaching that the ER is not your Doctor. Explaining that a Dr. Office Visit is for 'run of the mill' concerns. aka sore throat. Increased access to fresh locally grown vegetables and fruit No reply Fitness facilities with childcare during use economy

Runaway medical costs and real estate taxes are simply bankrupting the community. More government is definitely not the answer, it is the PROBLEM. Families strengthening and celebrating

Strengthening Families to enable youth to make better choices Food access/security nutrition education wellness prevention

Parenting, instilling ethics, responsibility, including fiscal Child abuse prevention

7. What gender do you most identify with? Gender Count Percent Female 791 78.9% Male 212 21.1% Grand Total 1003 100.0%

8. What is your age? Age Range Count Percent


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1-17 years 9 0.9% 18-24 years 122 12.2% 25-34 years 177 17.6% 35-44 years 189 18.8% 45-64 years 382 38.1% 65-80 years 114 11.4% 80+ years 6 0.6% Grand Total 999 100%

9. What is your relationship status? Marital Status Count Percent Divorced 69 6.9% Married 612 61.1% Partnered 47 4.7% Single 252 25.2% Widowed 21 2.1% Grand Total 1001 100.0%

10. What is your race? Race Count Percent African American 86 8.4% American Indian/Alaska Native 7 0.7% Asian 16 1.6% Multiracial 21 2.1%

Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 3 0.3% Other 54 5.3% White/Caucasian 833 81.7% Grand Total 1020 100.0% Other - (write in comments) American Asian and native Hawaiian/pacific islander Blanca Caucasian/African American middle eastern

11. Are you of Hispanic or Latino origin?

Count Percent No 929 93.1% Yes 69 6.9% Grand Total 998 100.0%


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12. What is your annual household income? Annual Income Count Percent Less than $9,999 73 7% $10,000-$29,999 124 13% $30,000-$49,999 159 16% $50,000-$74,999 197 20% $75,000-$99,999 171 17% $10,000-$29,999 124 13% Grand Total 991 100%

13. What is your highest level of education? Education Attainment Count Percent Associates/Technical 130 13.1% Bachelor's Degree 271 27.3% Graduate Degree or higher 269 27.1% High School/GED 111 11.2% Less than High School 17 1.7% Some College 196 19.7% Grand Total 994 100.0%

14. How many in your household not counting you? Household size Count Percent 0 258 24.5% 1 253 24.1% 2 181 17.2% 3 168 16.0% 4 104 9.9% 5 56 5.3% 6 22 2.1% 7 3 0.3% 8 2 0.2% 9 1 0.1% 11 2 0.2% 12 1 0.1% Grand Total 1051 100.0%

Age Ranges of Respondent's Household Members (Respondents = 782) Count Percent Ages 0-12 366 23.3% Ages 13-17 220 14.0% Ages 18-29 284 18.1%


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Ages 30-44 309 19.7% Ages 45 - 64 165 10.5% Ages 65-74 159 10.1% Ages 75+ 67 4.3% Grand Total 1570 100.0%

15. Do you live in DeKalb County?

Count Percent Yes 881 88.7% No 112 11.3% Grand Total 993 100.0%

16. If yes, how long have you been a Resident? Count Percent Less than one year 25 2.8% 1-2 years 50 5.7% 3-5 years 93 10.6% 6-10 years 85 9.7% 11-20 years 211 24.0% 21 or more years 415 47.2% Grand Total 879 100.0%

17. What is your home zip code? Zip Code Count Percent 60111 6 0.7% 60112 31 3.5% 60115 422 48.2% 60129 2 0.2% 60135 33 3.8% 60145 12 1.4% 60146 17 1.9% 60150 10 1.1% 60151 12 1.4% 60178 250 28.5% 60518 1 0.1% 60520 6 0.7% 60530 1 0.1% 60531 1 0.1% 60543 1 0.1%


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60548 38 4.3% 60550 13 1.5% 60552 9 1.0% 60556 10 1.1% 60560 1 0.1% Grand Total 876 100.0%

18. Do you work in DeKalb County?


19. Do you have a primary care physician?


20. If you have a primary care physician, have you seen them within the past year? Count Percent Yes 676 86.4% No 106 13.6% Grand Total 782 100.0%

21. If you have a primary care physician, have you seen them within the past year? Count Percent Yes 676 86.4% No 106 13.6% Grand Total 782 100.0%

22. Where do you usually go when you are sick or need healthcare? Count Percent DeKalb County Health Department 16 1.6% Hospital Emergency Department 25 2.5% Other 77 7.8% Primary Care Provider 694 70.6% Urgent Care/Immediate Care Clinic 171 17.4% Grand Total 983 100.0%


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23. How do you pay for your healthcare? Count Percent Private Health Insurance (Employer Provided or Self Purchased) 706 71.8% Medicare 102 10.4% Medicaid 72 7.3% Other 46 4.7% Pay Cash/No Insurance 38 3.9% Student Health Insurance 10 1.0% Veteran's Administration (VA) 9 0.9% Grand Total 983 100.0%

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