Maynilad
Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and Air Pollutants Inventory Management Plan
October 2014
Maynilad Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and Air Pollutants Inventory Management Plan Version 4 October 2014
Abbreviations and Acronyms
AP Air Pollutant ASTP Alabang Sewage Treatment Plant BA Business Area CAI-Asia Clean Air Initiative for Asian Cities CDM Clean Development Mechanism CH4 Methane CHCOD Corporate Human Capital and Organization Development CO Carbon monoxide CO2 Carbon dioxide CPF Common Purpose Facilities CNRW Central Non-Revenue Water DDSSTP Dagat-Dagatan Sewage and Septage Treatment Plant DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DMCI DMCI Holdings, Inc. DOE Department of Energy FPA Fertilizers & Pesticide Authority FPMD Fleet & Premises Management Department GHG Greenhouse gases GHG/AP Greenhouse Gases and Air Pollutants IMS Integrated Management System IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change LMTP La Mesa Treatment Plants Maynilad Maynilad Water Services, Inc. MWCI Manila Water Company, Inc. MLD million liters per day MPIC Metro Pacific Investments Corporation MWSS Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System N2O Nitrous oxide NACWA National Association of Clean Water Agencies (Canada) NOx Nitrogen oxides O3 Ozone OHSAS Occupational Safety and Health Management System PBE Philippine Business for the Environment PWTP Putatan Water Treatment Plant QESH Quality, Environment, Safety and Health ROBUST PHIL Resilient Organizations Built for Transformation of the Philippines SOx Sulfur Oxides SRA Sugar Regulatory Administration TMT Top Management TeamTSPP Tondo Sewage Pumping Plant WRI WorldResources Institute
About Maynilad
Maynilad Water Services, Inc. (Maynilad), an agent and contractor of the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage
System (MWSS), is the Philippines’ largest private water concessionaire in terms of customer base.
In 1997, the company was granted exclusive concession rights over the West Zone by the Metropolitan Waterworks and
Sewerage System (MWSS) for 25 years. This term was extended by 15 years to enable Maynilad to increase and accelerate
investments. In 2007, the company was re-privatized in a competitive bidding won by the Maynilad Water Holding
Company Inc. – a joint venture between Metro Pacific Investments Corporation (MPIC) and DMCI Holdings, Inc. (DMCI).
Marubeni Corporation of Japan acquired a 20-percent stake in Maynilad Water Holding Company, Inc. in 2013, and
became a strategic partner of the Metro Pacific-DMCI consortium.
Maynilad is the water and wastewater services provider for the 17 cities and municipalities that comprise the West Zone
of the greater Metro Manila area. These include Manila (except portions of San Andres and Sta. Ana), Quezon City
(including areas west of San Juan River, West Avenue, EDSA, Congressional, Mindanao Avenue, the northern part starting
from the Districts of Holy Spirit and Batasan Hills), Makati (west of South Super Highway), Caloocan, Pasay, Paranaque, Las
Pinas, Muntinlupa, Valenzuela, Navotas and Malabon, all in Metro Manila; and the cities of Cavite, Bacoor and Imus, and
the towns of Kawit, Noveleta and Rosario, all in the Province of Cavite.
Maynilad operates and maintains 3 water treatment plants, 14 wastewater treatment plants, 24 water pump stations, 24
reservoirs, 7,306 kilometres of water pipelines, 35 lift stations and pump stations and 513 kilometres of sewer lines.
Twenty-four (24) of its major facilities are ISO 9001:2008 (Quality Management System), ISO 14001:2004 (Environment
Management System) and OHSAS 18001:2007 (Occupational Safety and Health Management System) certified, namely:
La Mesa Treatment Plants 1 & 2 (Water Treatment), Dagat-Dagatan Sewage and Septage Treatment Plant, Tondo Sewage
Pumping Plant, North Caloocan Business Area, Water Network Head Office and its 7 Pump Stations (La Mesa,
Commonwealth, Caloocan, D. Tuazon, Algeciras, Villamor and Noveleta) with additional 5 Pump Stations certified in 2013
(Baesa, Ermita, Patindig, Marcos Alvarez, Pagcor), La Mesa Maintenance Shop, Corporate Quality, Environment, Safety
and Health (CQESH), Central Laboratory, Warehouse (Central Depot, Arocerros, Cordillera and Valenzuela Materials
Depot) and Human Resources.
The two water treatment plants are the La Mesa Treatment Plants 1 & 2, which have design capacity of 1,500 MLD
(million liters per day) and 900 MLD respectively. A third fairly, the Putatan Water Treatment Plant (PWTP) with a design
capacity of 100 MLD which sources its raw water from Laguna Lake.
The wastewater treatment facilities for sewage, septage and biosolids, are as follows:
Dagat-Dagatan Sewage & Septage Treatment Plant, which has a land area of 15 ha and capacity of 26 MLD. The
septage treatment plant produces 22 cu. m. per day biosolids. These biosolids are registered as organic fertilizers
of the Fertilizer & Pesticide Authority. The plant is a registered manufacturer, distributor and warehouse of
organic fertilizer.
Tondo Sewage Pumping Plant which has 50,310 sewer service connections and pumping capacity of 432 MLD.
Alabang Sewage Treatment Plant has a capacity of 10 MLD.
7 lift stations (Sta. Cruz, Legarda, Port Area, Luneta, Sta. Ana, Malate and Paco),and 1 communal septic tank (Roosevelt)
Congressional Sewage Treatment Plant (Turned-over on Feb. 2012)
Grant Sewage Treatment Plant (Turned-over to Maynilad Sept. 2013)
Legal Sewage Treatment Plant (Turned-over to Maynilad Aug. 2013)
Paco Sewage Treatment Plant and Baesa Sewage Treatment Plant (Turned-over to Maynilad Aug. 2013)
In line with its Quality, Environment, Safety and Health Policy (Annex 1), Maynilad has been actively involved in different
environmental protection programs such as the Watershed Management Program. Together with the Manila Water
Company, Inc., Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS), Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (DENR), and Maynilad forged an agreement with the Bantay Kalikasan Foundation to formulate a program for
the management of Ipo and La Mesa Watersheds.
Maynilad has also tied-up with other companies, the DENR, MWSS, PLDT-Smart, the National Commission on Indigenous
People (NCIP) and the Local Government Unit (LGU) of Norzagaray, Bulacan for a sustainable tree planting program at the
Ipo Watershed. Other environmental programs are the Manila Bay coastal clean-up, Mangrove Planting Program in Cavite
City, Kawit and Bacoor, solid waste management and hazardous waste management. Aside from those mentioned
environmental programs, Maynilad is strictly complying with the regulatory requirements in wastewater discharge, air
emission and other required environmental clearances.
In addition, Maynilad has been included in the Resilient Organizations Built for Transformation of the Philippines (ROBUST
PHIL) Project. The program has a developmental objective in building capacities of the nation’s mission critical enterprises
so as to make them resilient. These enterprises would in turn be able to serve the people better, especially after a disaster
or crisis. Program would seek to achieve the objective through adoption of global best practices and alignment against
international standards on enterprise risk management, business continuity and information security.
For 2010, Maynilad participated in the Green Philippines Island of Sustainability (GPIoS). A continuation of the Green
Philippines Project, GPIoS is an attempt to change the microclimate of Metro Manila and the CALABARZON region by
creating awareness, providing technical assistance to the participating companies and advocating and aligning it with
government strategy. The Maynilad Environment Team attended trainings and workshops for the accomplishment of the
project such as Cleaner Production, Material Flow Analysis, Environmental Costs and Controlling, Project Management,
Environmental Reporting and Marketing, and Legal Compliance with the end product of accomplishing the company’s
own Environmental Report to be validated by the GPIoS team.
The IMS certified facilities of Maynilad are also maintaining energy conservation programs as part of their environment
management plan and mitigation plan regarding greenhouse gases emission. To strengthen its commitment in the
environmental protection and energy conservation, Maynilad launched the Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and Air Emissions
Inventory Development Project on February 2, 2010 in partnership with the Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE)
and Clean Air Initiative for Asian Cities (CAI-Asia). The project aims to establish carbon footprint, identify emission
reduction measures for improved environment and financial performance and establish project proposal for carbon
credits and Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). This will enhance the company’s environmental and sustainability
performance and strengthen its corporate social responsibility adherence.
The Inventory Management Plan
The Inventory Management Plan (IMP) is an important tool for maintaining the sustainability of the GHG and air pollutant
emissions inventory. It lays out the details of the inventory such as the boundaries, calculation methodologies, data
management process flows, management roles, auditing and verification and other important details. It is the blueprint of
the inventory and would serve as a guide for anyone who would want to understand the details of Maynilad’s GHG and air
pollutant inventory. 1
Maynilad’s GHG and air pollutant inventory management plan was based on the standard format that the World
Resources Institute is promoting.
1 Please read the Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard of the GHG Protocol for more information on general GHG inventories.
Table of Contents
List of Tables Table 1. Contact details of Green Team Members and Secretariat 2 Table 2. List of Emissions by Activity/Equipment 5 Table 3: Vehicle Categories according to the UNEP TNT Clean Fleet Toolkit 8 Table 4: Changes in the Categories in the UNEP TNT Clean Fleet Toolkit 8 Table 5: Vehicle Emission Standards in the Philippines 9 Table 6: Vehicle Types and Weights 9 Table 7: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Vehicles 9 Table 8: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Internal Combustion Engines 9 Table 9: Default Values for Methane Correction Factor and Biomass Yield 11 Table 10: Values obtained from Table 10 utilized for the estimation of DDSSTP emissions 11 Table 11: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Wastewater System – Facultative Lagoon 11 Table 12: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Wastewater System – Discharge Pathway 11 Table 13: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Electricity Consumption 12 Table 14: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Business Flights 13 Table 15: Travel Distances 13
Company Information General Information 1 Inventory Contact and Information 1 Company Objectives 3
Boundary Conditions Organizational Boundaries 4 Operational Boundaries 5
Emissions Quantification Scope 1: Direct Emissions 7 Scope 2: Indirect Emission from Purchased Electricity 12 Scope 3: Other Indirect Emissions 13 Emission Factors and Other Constants 14 User’s Guide for the GHG and AP Emissions Accounting Tool 14
Data Management Data Collection 15 Quality Assurance 15 Inventory Uncertainties 15
Frequency of Reporting 15 Base Year
Recalculation of Base Year Emissions 16 Management tools Roles and Responsibilities 17 Training 17
Document Retention and Control Policy 17 Auditing and Verification 17 Management Review 17 Corrective Action 17
References 18 Annex 1 Quality, Environment, Safety and Health (QESH) Policy Annex 2 List of Facilities Annex 3 List of Emissions Sources by Scope, Group and Facility Annex 4 List of Emission Factors Annex 5 Data Collection Process Flowcharts Annex 6 User’s Guide for the GHG and Air Pollutant Emissions Accounting Tool
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Company Information
General Information Company Name: Maynilad Water Services, Inc. Company Address: MWSS Compound, Katipunan Road Balara, 1105 Quezon City Phone: (+63 2) 981-3484 & (+63 2) 981-3485 Fax: (+63 2) 981-3481 Type of Industry: Water and Wastewater Services Provider Coverage of Service: West Zone of the Greater Manila Area Date Established: 1 August 1997
MWSS was privatized on August 1, 1997 with Maynilad Water Services, Inc. as concessionaire of the West Zone of the greater Manila area Total No. of Employees: 2,226 (as of December 31, 2013)
Inventory Contacts
The process for preparing the Integrated Greenhouse Gases and Air Pollutants (GHG/AP) Emissions Inventory is led by the
“Maynilad Green Team” which was organized through a memorandum from the President dated September 30, 2014.
The key contacts are: FRANCISCO A. ARELLANO Project Head Vice-President – Corporate Quality, Environment, Safety and Health [email protected] +(63 2) 981-3481, +(63) 918-9263236 ENRIQUE G. DE GUZMAN Deputy Project Head Head, Integrated Management System [email protected] +(63 2) 981-3484 +(63) 920-9183214
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The team is composed of representatives from the following operational units and departments:
Table 1. Contact details of Green Team Members and Secretariat
Name Unit/ Department Email Phone
Francisco A. Arellano Corporate QESH [email protected] 09189263236/ 9813481
Enrique G. De Guzman Corporate QESH [email protected] 09209183214/ 9813486
Kris G. Catangcatang Corporate QESH [email protected] 09178247986/ 9813484
John Emmanuel B. Martinez
Corporate QESH [email protected] 09178049276/ 9813484
Michael M. Sablas Corporate QESH [email protected] 9813484
Gianna I. Veracruz (Secretariat)
Corporate QESH [email protected] 9813484
Jeric Daniel M. Axalan Business Area Operations [email protected] 09272720941/ 9813475
Teresita L. Hapal Business Area Operations [email protected] 9813475
Renson D. Gloriane Central NRW [email protected]
Junielyn E. Rodriguez Central NRW [email protected]
Mae Liza S. Velasquez HR Division [email protected] 9813348
Lolita M. Lota Finance [email protected] 09185023598
Grace A. Laguardia Logistics [email protected] 09285012189/ 9815363
Glenneth S. Magtalas Logistics [email protected] 09336004656/ 9813364
Samuel Gerald T. Saludez II
Logistics [email protected]
09228112951/ 9813363
Adrianne M. Andres Wastewater Management Division
[email protected] 09184192185/ 9813403
Abigail Corazon R. Atienza
Wastewater
Management Division [email protected] 09228486886/ 09053024829/ 9813405
Xandra Mae B. Borais
Wastewater
Management Division [email protected] 09175576908/ 09998856179/ 9813405
Jessica H. Agarap Water Network [email protected]
Ressie D. Vicente Water Network [email protected] 09285518192/ 5284173
John Jerald De Jesus Water Production [email protected] 307-219, 430-73-24, 430-72-97 loc. 101
Juvelene C. Ydia Water Production (LMTP1)
[email protected] 430-3199
Marlon Araracap Water Production (LMTP1)
430-3199
Roxanne Reyes Water Production (LMTP2)
[email protected] 430-72-19, 430-73-24, 430-72-97
Adrianne Rose Castillo Water Production (LMTP2)
[email protected] 430-72-19, 430-73-24, 430-72-97 loc. 101
Romer S. Jumawan Water Production (PWTP) [email protected] 09066200276/ 8626268
Mark Vincent Q. Talosig Water Production [email protected] 8626268
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Company Objectives
The following are the specific objectives of Maynilad in undertaking the Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and Air Emissions Inventory Development Project:
To establish the 2009 emissions inventory, as base year, that would represent a true and fair account of GHG and air pollutant emissions through the use of standardized approaches and principles.
To account for GHG and air pollutant emissions annually.
To minimize and manage the adverse impacts of our operations on the environment by optimizing the use of our resources, reducing the generation of waste and controlling the emission of pollutants to air, water and land.
To provide the company with information that can be used to yield an effective corporate environment strategy or program to manage and reduce these emissions and possibly participate in the carbon market.
To foster awareness of employees on environmental protection, particularly with respect to water resources and enhance employee participation in company environmental programs.
To complement the company’s integrated management system particularly ISO 14001 (Environment Management System).
To reduce environmental risks.
To enhance the company’s environmental and sustainability performance.
To strengthen corporate social responsibility adherence.
To generate cost savings.
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Boundary Conditions
Organizational Boundaries Organizational boundaries pertain to boundaries defined by the organizational structures and the relationships among the
parties involved. Operational boundaries are set to distinguish which emissions from the operations of the company it
emits directly and indirectly. Detailed scoping exercises were done during the initial meetings in order to properly set the
boundaries for the inventory.
Maynilad has adopted the operational approach for GHG and air pollutant emissions. This means that Maynilad accounts
for emissions of facilities over which it has full control as well as for shared facilities (i.e. office buildings, common purpose
facilities). Emissions from contracted-out activities are included in cases where reliable data are available.
List of Facilities The initial list of facilities that were considered for the inventory can be found in Annex 2. For purposes of operation and
emissions accounting, these are categorized into the following groups:
Central Non-Revenue Water – covers the CNRW Main Office in Bangkal and CNRW
Office in Arroceros, IMM Office (old Pasay Business Area), Meter Laboratory
Corporate – covers the Balara Head Office (BAO, CQESH, ITS, HR, Finance, WMD,
PMD, Corporate Logistics, Commercial and Marketing), Central Laboratory,
Warehouse (Central Warehouse, Arroceros, Balara Office, Cordillera)
Business Areas – covers the 12 Business Area offices of Maynilad. For the GHG and
air pollutant accounting, satellite warehouses are included in the corresponding
business areas.
Water Network – covers the Reservoirs (Bagbag, Binuksuk, Sacred Heart, Ayala
Alabang), Pump Stations (Algeciras, Caloocan, D. Tuazon, Ermita, Espiritu, Fairview,
La Mesa, Novaliches, Noveleta, Pasay, Tondo, Villamor, Pagcor, Marcos Alvarez,
Daang-Hari, Baesa), Mini Boosters, Deep Well Stations, In-line Boosters and other
special equipment, Maintenance shop (within La Mesa Compound), Water Network
training facility.
Water Production – covers the La Mesa Water Treatment Plants 1 & 2, Putatan
Water Treatment Plant, Common Purpose Facilities (CPF) Office, Ipo Office Buidling,
and Bicti Desilting Basin. For the GHG/AP inventory, it also takes into account the
Central Laboratory.
Wastewater Management – covers Dagat-Dagatan Sewage and Septage Treatment
Plant, Alabang Sewage Treatment Plant, Tondo Sewage Pumping Plant, Project 7
Imhoff Tank & Field Office, lift stations and pump stations, Roosevelt (AMA)
Communal Septic Tank, Congressional STP, Legal STP, Grant STP, Paco STP, Baesa
STP, Vitas Berde Loading Facility
Maynilad also shares the following facilities with other companies:
Office Buildings - Located in Main Office in Balara, Quezon City and CNRW in
Bangkal, Makati.
Common Purpose Facilities namely Ipo Dam and Office Building, Bicti Desilting
Basin, CPF Office (La Mesa)
The inventory shall only include sources, which are operational and are significant contributors to the total emissions of
the company.
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Operational Boundaries
Operational boundaries are set to determine which emissions are to be directly and indirectly accounted for by the
company.
GHGs and Air Pollutants The following emissions are included in the inventory:
Kyoto Gases – Carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4) and Nitrous oxide (N2O)2
Air Pollutants – Particulate matter, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Sulphur oxides (SOx), and
Carbon monoxide (CO).3
Table 2: List of Emissions by Activity/Equipment
Activity/Equipment Greenhouse Gases Air Pollutants
CO2 CH4 N2O PM CO VOC SOx NOx
Electricity consumption
Vehicles
Internal Combustion Engines
Wastewater treatment process-related emissions
Business Flights4
Emission Source Identification Procedure The emissions sources were identified by the Green Team together with management in the planning session at the start
of the inventory process. A more detailed list of facilities and emissions sources were then compiled through a scoping
exercise by the Green Team (see Annex 3 for the complete scoping sheets)
Direct Sources (Scope 1) Scope 1 emissions are emissions directly coming from activities or equipment within the facilities that are operationally
controlled by Maynilad. The following are identified by the Green Team as main sources of scope 1 emissions:
Internal Combustion Engines
This category includes equipment such as water pumps, air compressors, trash pumps, forklifts,
generator set, grass cutters and lawn mowers.
Vehicles
The emissions from company-owned vehicles are to be accounted for by Maynilad. The company
fleet composes of both gasoline and diesel vehicles. Most of them are passenger vehicles though
utility trucks and motorcycles are also present.
Process emissions from wastewater treatment and biosolids production
Fugitive methane emissions from wastewater treatment and biosolids production are included in
this inventory.
2 The other Kyoto gases – Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs); Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) are not included since
these are not relevant to the operations of Maynilad 3 Lead is excluded because these are either insignificant in amounts or are irrelevant to the operations of the company. Lead is also excluded because it has been banned as additive in fuels in the country. 4 Hydrocarbon (HC) emissions are included in the calculations as the emission factors are available.
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Indirect Sources (Scope 2) Scope 2 emissions pertain to indirect emissions from purchased electricity. The operations of the company are dependent
on the use of electricity from the grid. Scope 2 emissions account for the generated emissions by the power plants within
the source grid and are categorized as indirect emissions.
Other Indirect Sources (Scope 3)
Scope 3 emissions refer to those generated by activities which are not operationally controlled by Maynilad but are
considered important to their operations (e.g. activities of contractors, business travel and employee commute). Scope 3
emissions from a particular activity are normally included where reliable data is available. For Maynilad’s emissions
inventory, only emissions from business air travel are included as Scope 3 emissions.
Please refer to Annex 3 for a complete listing of all Scope 1, 2, 3 emissions included or excluded in Maynilad facilities.
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Emissions Quantification The GHG and AP emissions of Maynilad are estimated using the emission factor approach. Published emission factors
from globally-accepted emissions quantification tools and guidance materials are used while actual activity data (e.g.
electricity consumption, fuel consumption, etc.) was used whenever possible. The basic formula used in the emission
factor approach is:
A x EF x (1-ER/100) = E Wherein: A = activity data EF = emission factor ER = emission reduction efficiency
5
E = emissions
The activity data is the measure of extent of the activities, which emit emissions. An emission factor is a representative
value that attempts to relate the quantity of a pollutant released into the atmosphere with an activity associated with the
release of the pollutant. Ideally, emission factors applied are those specific for the fuel used (based on analysis of e.g. fuel
oil) or the equipment (based on emission analysis of e.g. boilers), provided analyses is conducted frequently enough to
reflect the variability of emissions over time.
Calculation tools were developed by CAI-Asia to assist Maynilad in calculating both GHG and AP emissions. The GHG
calculations in the developed tools are consistent with those of the tools of the GHG protocol. Moreover, these tools were
developed to calculate GHGs as well as criteria air pollutants, which are currently not covered by the GHG Protocol.
Scope 1: Direct Emissions Scope 1 or direct emissions are generated by sources, which are operationally controlled by Maynilad. The sections below
explain the sources of Maynilad’s direct emissions and how the emissions are calculated.
Company-owned Vehicles The calculation sheet for the mobile sources is an adaptation of the UNEP-TNT Clean Fleet Management Toolkit- Tool 18.
6
This was used as a basis for the calculations as it provides emission factors (CO2 and criteria air pollutants) for the
different types of vehicles. Also, the emission factors it provides have been derived from tests done in developing
countries. The tool lacks the emission factors for CH4 and N2O, which are now sourced from the IPCC7 and WRI.
8(From
IPPC, the value for the Global Warming Potential is used as conversion factor to get CO2 mass equivalent for CH4, 21, and
N2O, 310)
The GHG emissions are estimated by multiplying the fuel consumption of the vehicles (based on categories as explained in
the paragraph below) and their corresponding emission factors. Air pollutant emissions are estimated by multiplying
distance-travelled9 data with distance-based emission factors.
The UNEP-TNT Fleet Management Toolkit categorizes the vehicles based on weight, fuel type and the emission control
technologies found in the vehicles and/or their compliance to the Euro emissions standards. The original categories in the
toolkit are:
5 Most of the calculated emissions in this inventory assume no control. See the appendix for the details of the emission factors used.
6 http://www.unep.org/pcfv/meetings/cleanfleettoolkit.asp
7Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).Greenhouse Gas Inventory Reference Manual:
IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 3, United Nations Environment Programme, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, the International Energy Agency, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 1996, Table 1-25. 8 World Resources Institute. 2008. GHG Protocol tool for mobile combustion. Version 2.0.
9 If actual data is not available, averages from the UNEP-TNT Toolkit are used.
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Table 3: Vehicle Categories according to the UNEP TNT Clean Fleet Toolkit Categories Sub-categories
Passenger
cars
Petrol - without catalyst
Petrol - with 3-way catalyst
Diesel - without Particulate Matter filter
Diesel - with PM filter
Light duty
trucks & buses
Light duty - pre Euro
Light duty - Euro I+II
Light duty - III+IV
Light duty - Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)
Medium duty
trucks & buses
Medium duty - pre Euro
Medium duty - Euro I+II
Medium duty - Euro III+IV
Medium duty - Euro V
Heavy duty
trucks & buses
Heavy duty - pre-Euro
Heavy duty - Euro I+II
Heavy duty - Euro III+IV
Heavy duty - Euro V
Motorcycles
Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines
Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines
To make the tool more user-friendly and more applicable to the terms being used in the Philippines, the original listing of
categories had been renamed according to the equivalent specifications, particularly the passenger car categories as
shown in the table below:
Table 4: Changes in the Categories in the UNEP TNT Clean Fleet Toolkit Original Categories Revised Categories
Passenger car – Petrol - without catalyst Passenger car – Petrol – Pre-Euro and Euro 1
Passenger car – Petrol – with 3 way catalyst Passenger car – Petrol – Euro 2 and above10
Passenger car – Diesel - without particulate matter filter Passenger car – Diesel – Pre-Euro up to Euro 2
Passenger car – Diesel – with particulate matter filter Passenger car – Diesel – Euro 3 and above
Due to the limitations of the UNEP-TNT tool in terms of providing a good number of vehicle categories, the vehicles are
categorized according to their year of manufacturing, thus capturing the vehicle emission standards that they have. In the
Philippines, Euro 1 was introduced in 2003 and Euro 2 standards in 2008. Even though the vehicle classification in the tool
is limited, it gives a good overview of the emissions from the different types of vehicles in the fleet. There are vehicles,
which are compliant with higher Euro standards. If this is indicated by the manufacturer, it is important that these
vehicles be categorized into the proper group.
10
According to the EMEP/Corinair Emissions inventory Handbook (2007), three-way catalysts were first introduced in Euro 1 passenger cars. This inventory, however, treats the improved closed-loop three-way catalysts, which were first introduced in Euro 2 passenger cars, as the “3-way catalysts.”
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Table 5: Vehicle Emission Standards in the Philippines Standard Guidance
Pre-Euro any vehicle model <200311
Euro I vehicle models from January 2003 to December 2007
Euro II vehicle models from January 2008
Euro III and above
some exemptions such as Honda passenger cars released from 2003 in the Philippines are already Euro 4 compliant
Table 6: Vehicle Types and Weights Vehicle Type Gross Vehicle Weight
Passenger cars < 2.2 tons
Light truck >2.2 to 4.5 tons
Medium truck >4.5 to 15 tons
Heavy truck >15 tons
The activity data needed for the calculation of the emissions for the company-owned vehicles are:
Table 7: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Vehicles Data variable Unit Use
Fuel consumption Liters Activity data
Distance traveled12
Km Activity data
Weight of vehicle Tons For categorization
Vehicle emission standard According to Euro Standards For categorization
Internal Combustion Sources
The emissions from other internal combustion engines used in Maynilad are accounted for in this engine category. Internal combustion engines such as aerial lifts, forklifts, generators, are some of the examples of the sources, which can be included here. The USEPA AP-42 Chapter 3.3
13 and Chapter 3.4
14 are used in the development of the calculation sheet for this category.
The data needed for the calculation of the emissions for the internal combustion engines are:
Table 8: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Internal Combustion Engines
Data variable Unit Use
Fuel consumption Liters Activity data
Rating Horsepower For categorization
Availability of NOx controls Yes or No Used in the calculation of the NOx emissions
Density of fuel used15
Kg/L For converting fuel volume to weight
Sulfur content of fuel16
% For SOx emissions
Other Scope 1 Emissions The direct emissions from other relatively small contributors are lumped under this category. For the first inventory of
Maynilad, this only includes fugitive emissions from wastewater lagoons and biosolids production as it has been decided
11
“Vehicle models” refer to passenger cars, light, medium and heavy trucks. It does not include motorcycles. 12
If the odometer readings are not available, default fuel efficiency values can be used to convert the fuel consumption figures into distance figures. The tool adopts the fuel efficiency values from the UNEP –TNT Clean Fleet Management Toolkit. If better figures, which may closely reflect the fuel efficiency of the vehicles of the Maynilad Fleet, are available, these should be used. 13
Gasoline and Diesel Industrial Engines 14
Large Stationary and all Stationary Dual-fuel Engines 15
Fuel oil only 16
500 ppm, as per the current standards in the Philippines
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that the other sources (such as LPG consumption which was initially considered but eventually excluded because little
emissions were generated) only emit a very minute amount of emissions as compared to the other sources. However,
future inventories may include other sources as well.
Fugitive Emissions from Wastewater Lagoons
When considering greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment systems, there are two primary classes
of biological treatment units: aerobic treatment units and anaerobic treatment units. Some treatment units, such as
facultative lagoons, may be a mixture of the two, with aerobic zones near the surface of the lagoon and anaerobic zones
in the lower depths of the lagoon. Regardless of the type of biological treatment employed, the biochemical reactions are
similar, with organic carbon compounds being oxidized to form new cells, CO2 and/or CH4 and water.
Maynilad accounted for fugitive emissions from wastewater lagoons of the Dagat-dagatan Sewage and Septage
Treatment Plant (DDSSTP) and emissions from the discharge pathway of Tondo Sewage Pumping Plant (TSPP), DDSSTP,
Alabang STP and Congressional STP.
In the estimation of fugitive emissions for DDSSTP, Maynilad utilized the methods stated in the Greenhouse Gas
Emissions Estimation Methodologies for Biogenic Emissions from Selected Source Categories: Solid Waste Disposal,
Wastewater Treatment and Ethanol Fermentation that was prepared by Research Triangle Institute (RTI) for the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Aerobic wastewater treatment systems produce primarily CO2, whereas anaerobic systems produce a mixture of
CH4 and CO2. Equations 3-1 and 3-2 provide a general means of estimating the CO2 and CH4 emissions directly from any
type of wastewater treatment process assuming all organic carbon removed from the wastewater is converted to either
CO2, CH4, or new biomass.
Where,
Qww= wastewater influent flowrate
OD = Oxygen demand of influent wastewater to the biological treatment unit determined as either BOD5 or COD
(mg/L = g/m3)
EffOD = Oxygen demand removal efficiency of the biological treatment unit
CFCO2= Conversion factor for maximum CO2 generation per unit of oxygen demand
= 44/32 = 1.375 g CO2/ g oxygen demand
CFCH4= Conversion factor for maximum CH4 generation per unit of oxygen demand
= 16/32 = 0.5 g CH4/ g oxygen demand
MCFWW = methane correction factor for wastewater treatment unit, indicating the fraction of the influent
oxygen demand that is converted anaerobically in the wastewater treatment unit
BGCH4= Fraction of carbon as CH4 in generated biogas (default is 0.65)
λ = Biomass yield (g C converted to biomass/g C consumed in the wastewater
treatment process
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Table 9: Default Values for Methane Correction Factor and Biomass Yield
Table 10: Values obtained from Table 10 utilized for the estimation of DDSTP emissions.
Facility Name Process MCF Λ
DDSSTP Facultative Lagoon, shallow 0.2 0
For DDSSTP, the treatment process in the lagoons can undergo partial anaerobic and aerobic process. Thus, CO2 and CH4
emissions can both occur in the system.
Table 11: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Wastewater System – Facultative Lagoon
Data variable Unit Use
Volume of Wastewater Treated cubic meters Activity data
BOD concentration mg/L Activity data
Table 12: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Wastewater System – Discharge Pathway
Data variable Unit Use
Volume of Wastewater Treated cubic meters Activity data
BOD removed ton/m3 Activity data
COD removed ton/m3 Activity Data
Actual BOD and COD values from the treatment process were used in the estimation of greenhouse gas
emissions from Maynilad Wastewater Treatment Systems. Influent and effluent BOD were obtained from the
consolidated laboratory results of 2009.
Maynilad also accounted for fugitive emissions from biosolids production prior to land application. It is possible
that biosolids in the form of a wet cake could generate and emit CH4 during storage. Based on research of CH4 and N2O
emissions from materials with similar physical and nutrient qualities to biosolids, CH4 and N2O emissions factors were
developed and can be used in combination with the number of days that biosolids are stored in order to determine
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emissions for these two GHGs (Sylvis, 2009). Estimation of emissions was based from Biosolids Emissions Assessment
Model for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Canadian Biosolids Management Practices by Sylvis (2009).
Fugitive Emissions from Biosolids Production
Fugitive emissions from biosolids production prior to land application are also included. Estimation of emissions was
based from Biosolids Emissions Assessment Model for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Canadian Biosolids
Management Practices by Sylvis (2009).
The equation used in estimating the CH4 emissions from storage of biosolids prior to land application is adopted from
Sylvis (2009).
a) If the solids content of the biosolids is < 55%, then:
Notes: CO2eq is CO2 equivalent expressed in tons Volume of biosolids are expressed in m
3
CH4emissions from stored biosolids is 0.0091 kg/m3-day
17
GWP is the Global Warming Potential of CH4, which is 21
b) If the solids content of the biosolids is > 55%, then CH4 = 0
Scope 2: Indirect Emissions from Purchased Electricity Scope 2 emissions exclusively refer to emissions generated from the consumption of purchased electricity. Indirect
emissions from purchased electricity are calculated using emission factors calculated from official electricity data from the
Department of Energy. Due to the lack of data on the pollution abatement efficiencies of the power plants in the grid, it is
assumed that the abatement efficiencies are 0% to uphold the concept of conservativeness18
in estimation of emissions
pending availability of actual information. A single emission factor for the Luzon and Visayas grids is used because these
two grids are interconnected.19
Low-cost, must-run renewable energy resources are assumed to be zero-emissions.
The emission factor of the power grid for the baseline inventory was computed using the 2009 power generation data
from the Department of Energy (DOE). Every year, the department posts in its website the power generated for the
previous year.
Table 13: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Electricity Consumption
Data variable Unit Use Electricity consumption kWh Activity data
Electricity generation (by plant type)
MWh For subsequent years, the emission factor of the grid needs to be updated. The electricity generation data for the grid is used to calculate the said emission factor. The data can be downloaded from the DOE’s Powerstats website
17
(Clemens et al., 2006 as cited by Sylvis) 18
Conservativeness means that emission reduction calculations shall not be overestimated. 19
The details of the emission factor quantification methodology can be found in http://www.klima.ph/cd4cdm/documents/baseline_intro.php
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Scope 3: Other Indirect Emissions Scope 3 captures all the other indirect emissions, which are generated outside of Maynilad’s control but are important to
the operations of Maynilad.
Contracted-out Vehicles The emissions from the contracted-out vehicles (if data is available) are computed using the same methodology described
in the earlier section on company-owned (Scope 1) vehicles.
Contracted-out Equipment (internal combustion engines) The emissions from the contracted-out equipment (if data is available) are computed using the same methodology
described in the earlier section on company-owned (Scope 1) internal combustion engines.
Business Travel (Business Flights only) Emissions from business flights are included in the inventory. The table below shows the pertinent information that is
needed to calculate the flight emissions.
Table 14: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Business Flights
Data variable Unit Use Distance (one-way) Kms Activity data
Cabin class
Identify whether the flight is economy, premium economy, business class, first class (or if unknown – put “average”)
To allocate the emissions for each of the passengers (for GHG emissions only)
Number of passengers Number of people To allocate the air pollutant emissions to the passengers
In order to calculate the GHG emissions from the flights, the tool adopts the methodology of the “2009 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting”.
20 It takes into account the uplift factor by assigning +9%
to the distance, as recommended by the IPCC Aviation and Global Atmosphere 8.2.2.3. The basic formula used in the calculation of the GHG emissions is:
The emission factors for the GHGs are dependent on the type of flight (short, medium or long haul) and the cabin class.
Table 15: Travel Distances
Type Distance (kilometers) Short <=463
Medium 464-1108
Long >1108
For the criteria air pollutants, only NOx, CO and HC are calculated. The EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 was used as a guide.
21 The said guidebook provides general emission factors for “various aircrafts” and
these were used for simplicity. The vehicle kilometers travelled are translated into the appropriate emission factors (see Annex 4) and the resulting figure is divided by the number of passengers in the flight to get the per passenger emissions.
( )
20
Produced by the Association of European Airlines 21
http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/EMEPCORINAIR5/page017.html
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It is assumed that short flights (such as local flights) are done using smaller planes. The calculations assume that an Airbus 319 is the type of plane used in these short flights. It has a capacity of 134 passengers.
22 For medium and long haul flight,
the calculations assume that an Airbus 320 is used which has a maximum capacity of 177.23
An 80% occupancy rate is assumed as well.
24
Emission Factors and other Constants Please refer to Annex 4 for the emission factors and other constants that were used in the calculations are found. If emission factors that are more specific to the operations of Maynilad be available, these shall supersede the existing emission factors. Any changes in the emission factors shall be noted as well as the reason for the changes.
User’s Guide for the GHG and AP Emissions Accounting Tool The User’s Guide for the GHG and Air Pollutant Emissions Accounting Tool for Maynilad is a step-by-step guide for using the tool and explains the different components of the sheets that are within the said tool. The User’s Guide does not explain the logic of the calculations, the equations used, as well as the references of the default parameters that were used. Also, it does not discuss where the inputs are to be collected from within the organization. These are documented in the inventory management plan. See Annex 6
22
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_A320_family 23
http://www.seatmaestro.com/airplanes-seat-maps/qatar-airways-airbus-a320-321-177-pax.html 24
Murty. Greenhouse Gas Pollution in the Stratosphere Due to Increasing Airplane Traffic, Effects on the Environment. http://www.areco.org/planetravel.pdf
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Data Management
This section discusses the components that are pertinent to the management of data for the GHG inventory of Maynilad.
Data Collection Based on the identified Scope 1, 2 and 3 emission sources, an Excel-based data collection form was developed by CAI-Asia
in collaboration with the Green Team. The data collection forms would be the instrument for data collection and the data
gathered shall be linked with the calculation tools.
The Green Team has also developed simplified flowcharts, which represent how data shall be collected for the different
major emission sources of Maynilad (please refer to Annex 5).
Quality Assurance To ensure the quality and integrity of data collected, the Green Team will meet every four months to discuss activity data
and results of emissions for internal quality assurance review. Each group (Corporate, Business Area, Water Network,
Water Production, and Wastewater Management) is responsible for ensuring quality of activity data and computed
emissions, and presenting at trimestral meetings of Green Team for internal review. Annex 5 also includes details on
which units shall be responsible for validating the primary data (from the current existing procedures) that will be used in
the inventory.
Inventory Uncertainties GHG inventories are associated with uncertainties. For example, many direct and indirect factors related with global
warming potentials (GWP) values that are used to combine emission estimates for various GHG involve significant
scientific uncertainty. Analyzing and quantifying such uncertainty is likely to be beyond the capacity of most company
inventory programs. Moreover, it is also believed that all emissions or removal quantification are associated with
estimation uncertainty. There are two classifications of estimation uncertainty, namely: model uncertainty and parameter
uncertainty. Model uncertainty refers to the uncertainty associated with the mathematical equations (i.e. models) used to
characterize the relationships between various parameters and emission processes. Parameter uncertainty refers to the
uncertainty associated with quantifying the parameters used as inputs (e.g. activity data and emission factors) into
estimation models.
Frequency of Reporting For internal reporting, the members of the Green Team will provide activity data and emissions results every four months
in time for discussions at the scheduled trimestral Green Team meetings. Trimestral meetings are scheduled no later than
one month after end of trimester (i.e. February, July and October). Green Team subsequently updates Top Management
Team every trimester and annually for review.
For external reporting, results of the Maynilad GHG/AP emissions accounting will be submitted to Corporate
Communications for posting in the company website.
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Base Year
The base year is the year that will be used in assessing the direction of the emissions of Maynilad in the future. 2009 was
selected as the base year to account for the transition and re-organization, which took place in 2008.
Recalculation of Base Year Emissions
Structural Changes In the event of an acquisition or subsequent divestiture, the base year and subsequent years will be adjusted to include or
exclude the applicable emissions from each acquisition or divestiture, respectively. If the acquisition or divestiture did not
exist in the base years, the base years emissions will not be recalculated and adjustments to the inventory will be made as
far back as the data is available.
Methodology Changes If any changes to emission factors or calculation methodologies were found to result in significant differences,
adjustments will be made to the calculations for the years affected. Likewise, a base year adjustment will be made if
changes in calculations for the corresponding time frame or improvements in data accuracy lead to significant differences
in emissions. If the change is not significant that is not more than 5% or the data is not available for all past years, the new
methodology or calculation will be addressed in the report without recalculation to enhance transparency.
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Management Tools
Roles and Responsibilities The Green Team shall be responsible for the overall conduct of the GHG and air pollutant emissions inventory. Ensuring
the quality of the data collection and emissions estimation are core responsibilities of the Green Team. The management
shall be responsible for giving the overall direction of the emissions accounting and reduction initiatives of Maynilad.
Training In preparation for the 2009 GHG and air pollutant emissions inventory, members of the Green Team participated in a two-
day training workshop on the internationally accepted GHG protocol. For subsequent preparations of the GHG and air
pollutant emissions inventory, the Green Team will initiate at least one training/refresher seminar every year for both
existing and new team members.
Document Retention and Control Policy All information and records pertaining to the IMP, activity data, emission factors and emissions inventory results are
maintained by the IMS Department for a minimum of 3 years. Version control numbers in the cover page shall be applied
which indicates that that there were revisions made in the succeeding IMPs.
Auditing and Verification
Internal Auditing The green team shall conduct internal audit of its yearly inventory prior to finalization of the report. Internal audit shall be conducted through cross checking by different groups of the green team or shall tap services of the IMS internal auditors.
External Validation and/or Verification As the Philippines currently does not have local emissions inventory auditors/validators, Maynilad has acquired
services of TUV Rheinland in reviewing the GHG/AP emissions accounting process and results of its 2009 base
year inventory. Yearly inventories shall also be subject to external validation and/or verification.
Management Review The Green Team will update the Top Management Team (TMT) on any related recommendations every trimester. They
will also prepare an annual emissions summary for TMT review.
Corrective Action All corrective actions for the IMP and the emissions inventory will be implemented by the Green Team within an agreed
time frame with TMT, and documented accordingly.
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References
American Petroleum Institute (API). 2004. Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation
Methodologies for the Oil and Gas Industry.. Available at:
http://www.api.org/~/media/files/ehs/climate-change/2009_ghg_compendium.pdf
Association of European Airlines. 2012. 2012 Guidelines to Defra/DECC’s GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting.
CDM Executive Board. 2009. AMS-III.H.: Methane recovery in wastewater treatment --- Version 13. Available at:
http://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies/DB/38KXC1GFF824VHL2VB6K3FLNXJ8J5D/view.html
European Environmental Agency (EEA). 2007. EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8. Available
at http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/EMEPCORINAIR5/page017.html
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation Methodologies for Biogenic Emissions from Selected Source Categories: Solid Waste Disposal, Wastewater Treatment and Ethanol Fermentation . Research Triangle Institute (RTI). December 2010. Retrieved from: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/efpac/ghg/GHG_Biogenic_Report_draft_Dec1410.pdf
Global Atmospheric Pollution Forum (GAPF). 2007. Global Atmospheric Pollution Forum Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory
Manual Ver 1.3. Available at http://www.sei.se/editable/pages/sections/atmospheric/Forum_emissions_manual_v1.1.pdf
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 1996. Revised 1996 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories: Reference Manual. Available at http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/invs6.html
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2006. 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.
Available at http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/index.html
Mejia, A. GHG Baseline Construction for the Philippine Electricity Grids. 2006. Available at The Global Atmospheric
Pollution Forum Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory Manual Ver 1.3.
http://www.klima.ph/cd4cdm/documents/baseline_intro.php
Murty, K. Greenhouse Gas Pollution in the Stratosphere Due to Increasing Airplane Traffic, Effects On the Environment
http://www.areco.org/planetravel.pdf
Sylvis. 2009. Biosolids Emissions Assessment Model for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Canadian Biosolids Management Practices http://www.ccme.ca/files/Resources/waste/biosolids/beam_final_report_1432.pdf
United Nations Environment Programme – Partnership for Clean Fuels and Vehicles (UNEP-PCFV).UNEP-TNT Clean Fleet
Management Toolkit. Accessible at http://www.unep.org/tnt-unep/toolkit/
United States Department of Energy: 2000. Technical Support Document: Energy Efficiency Standards for Consumer
Products. Appendix K-2: Emissions Factors for Fuel Combustion from Natural Gas, LPG, and Oil-Fired Residential Water
Heaters. Washington, DC, Building Research and Standards Office. Available at:
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/pdfs/k-2.pdf
Villarin, et al. Tracking Greenhouse Gases – A Guide for Country Inventories
World Resources Institute (WRI). 2008. GHG Protocol Calculation Tools. Available at
http://www.ghgprotocol.org/calculation-tools/all-tools
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Other references from Maynilad:
Maynilad Water Services Inc QESH Policy
Maynilad Water Services Inc IMS documents
Maynilad Water Services Inc Website – www.mayniladwater.com.ph
Memo dated September 30, 2014 Re: Greenhouse Gases (GHG) Team
Maynilad Water Safety Plans (2012)
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Annexes
Annex 1 - Quality, Environment, Safety and Health Policy
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Annex 2 – List of Facilities
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Facility Excluded? Reasons for Exclusion
Water Production La Mesa Treatment Plant 1 No
Water Production La Mesa Treatment Plant 2 No
Water Production CPF Office No
Water Production Bicti Desilting Basin No
Water Production Ipo-Office Building No
Water Production Putatan Treatment Plant No Business Areas Cavite/Las Piñas Business Area No
Business Areas Fairview/Commonwealth Business Area No
Business Areas Malabon/Navotas Business Area No
Business Areas Muntinlupa Business Area No
Business Areas North Caloocan Business Area No
Business Areas Novaliches/Valenzuela Business Area No
Business Areas Parañaque Business Area No
Business Areas Quirino/Roosevelt Business Area No
Business Areas Sampaloc Business Area No
Business Areas South Caloocan Business Area No
Business Areas South Manila /Pasay/Makati Business Area No
Business Areas Tondo Business Area No
Corporate South Caloocan Warehouse No
Corporate Zabarte Warehouse No
Corporate Valenzuela Warehouse No
Corporate Cordillera Warehouse No
Corporate Arroceros Warehouse No
Corporate Imus Cavite Warehouse No
Corporate Paranaque Warehouse No
Corporate Muntinlupa Warehouse No
Corporate Central Materials Depot (Socea Bonna) No
Corporate Central Laboratory No
Corporate Head Office No
Corporate Environmental Management No
Corporate Fleet Management No
Corporate GIS No
Corporate Information Technology No
Corporate Safety No
Corporate Security No
Corporate Telemetry No
Central NRW Bangkal Office No
Central NRW Arroceros Office No
Central NRW IMM Office (old Pasay Business Area) No
Central NRW Meter Lab No
Water Network La Mesa Pumping Station No
Water Network La Mesa North C No New
Water Network Bagbag Reservoir & Pumping Station No
Water Network Fairview Ruby Booster Station Yes Inactive
Water Network Fairview # 3 Pumping and Reservoir Yes Inactive
Water Network Fairview # 4 Pumping and Reservoir Yes Inactive
Water Network Novaliches Pumping Station and Reservoir No
Water Network Sacred Heart Reservior No
Water Network Binuksuk Reservoir Yes No Emissions
Water Network Caloocan Pumping Station and Reservoir No
Water Network Tondo Pumping Station and Reservoir No
Water Network Algeciras Pumping Station and Reservoir No
Water Network Pasay Pumping Station and Reservoir No
Water Network Old Villamor Booster Station Yes For pull-out (MERALCO Power terminated Nov. 2010)
Water Network Villamor Booster Station No
Water Network Ermita Pumping Station and Reservoir No
Water Network Espiritu Pumping Station and Reservoir No
Water Network Noveleta Pumping Station and Reservoir No
Water Network D. Tuazon Pumping Station and Reservoir No
Water Network Commonwealth Booster Station No
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Water Network Pagcor Pump Station No
Water Network Ayala Alabang Reservoir 1 No
Water Network Ayala Alabang Reservoir 2 No
Water Network Southvale Booster No
Water Network Manga Mini Booster Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Vitas 1 Mini Booster No
Water Network Vitas 2 Mini Booster No
Water Network Pag-asa Mini Booster No
Water Network Zapote Mini Booster Yes Not Operational
Water Network Dampalit Mini Booster Yes Inactive
Water Network Lebanon Mini Booster No
Water Network Pio Mini Booster Yes Inactive
Water Network Hemlock Mini Booster Yes Inactive
Water Network Maharlika Mini Booster No
Water Network Phase 10 Mini Booster Yes Not Operational
Water Network Philtrade Mini Booster Plant Yes Not Operational
Water Network Greenview # 1 Yes Inactive
Water Network Greenview #2 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Greenview #3 Yes Standby
Water Network Richland 1 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Rolling Meadows 1 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Rolling Meadows 2 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network San Pedro 7 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Remarville Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Rockville 2 No
Water Network Rainbow Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network North Point Yes Inactive
Water Network Goodwill Yes Not Operational since May 19, 2009
Water Network Dona Juana Yes Inactive
Water Network Villa Gracia No
Water Network Don Jose Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Jordan Park Homes Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Northridge Park Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Filinvest 1 Deepwell 1 Yes Inactive
Water Network Filinvest 2 Deepwell 3 Yes Not Operational since May 22, 2009
Water Network Filinvest 2 Deepwell 4 Yes Not Operational since May 22, 2009
Water Network Filinvest 2 Deepwell 5 Yes Inactive
Water Network Filinvest 2 Deepwell 6 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Filinvest 2 Deepwell 7 Yes Inactive
Water Network Filinvest 2 Deepwell 8 Yes Inactive
Water Network IBP Deepwell Yes Inactive
Water Network Nelsonville Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Bagong Silang Phase 10 No
Water Network Bagong Silang Phase 4 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Bagong Silang Phase 9 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Castle Spring Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Christina Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Good Harvest Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Kingstown Deepwell 1 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Kingstown Deepwell 2 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Lagro Deepwell 1 Yes Inactive
Water Network Natividad 1 (Deparo) Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Natividad 2 (Deparo) Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Natividad 4 (Deparo) Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Pamahay Homes Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Smile Citihomes No Inactive/Standby w/ Power Consumption
Water Network Greenfields #3 Yes Inactive/Standby w/ Power Consumption
Water Network Greenfields #1 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Sugartowne Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Brittany No
Water Network Del Rey III Yes Inactive
Water Network Tanada Yes Inactive
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Water Network Niog Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Talaba Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Daang Bukid Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Dulong Bayan Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Molino No
Water Network Bacoor Central Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Antonio Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Bagong Pook Yes Inactive
Water Network New Crescini No
Water Network Garcia Extension No
Water Network J. Felipe Yes Inactive
Water Network Magcauas No Inactive/Standby w/ Power Consumption
Water Network Manalac Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Militar Yes Inactive
Water Network Rivero Yes Inactive
Water Network Samonte Park Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network San Nicolas Yes Inactive
Water Network Imus Sector No
Water Network Plaza Garcia Yes Inactive as of February 24, 2012
Water Network Georosville No
Water Network Yengco Street No Inactive as of April 25, 2012
Water Network Magasalang 2A No Inactive/Standby
Water Network Magasalang 2D No
Water Network Balsahan Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Malamok Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Tirona Yes Inactive/Standby w/ Power Consumption
Water Network Aguinaldo Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Josephine Yes Inactive
Water Network Magdalo Yes Inactive
Water Network New Well Field 1 No
Water Network New Well Field 2 No
Water Network New Well Field 3 No
Water Network New Noveleta 4 Yes Inactive
Water Network New Well Field 5 Yes Inactive
Water Network New Well Field 6 Yes Inactive
Water Network New Well Field 7 Yes Inactive
Water Network New Well Field 8 Yes Inactive
Water Network New Noveleta Central Deepwell Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Pandawan No
Water Network Poblacion No
Water Network Alabang Junction Yes Inactive
Water Network Bliss Yes Inactive
Water Network Buendia Yes Inactive
Water Network JPA Subdivision Yes Inactive
Water Network Lakeview Yes Inactive
Water Network Mutual Homes 1 Yes Inactive
Water Network New Mutual Yes Inactive
Water Network Pedro Diaz Yes Inactive
Water Network Villa Carolina Yes Inactive
Water Network Tunasan Yes Inactive
Water Network Don Aguedo Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Coral No
Water Network Esmeralda YES Inactive
Water Network Champaca Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Sucat No
Water Network Buensuceso Yes Inactive
Water Network Maricaban 1 Yes Inactive/Standby w/ Power Consumption
Water Network Maricaban 2 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Maricaban 3 Yes Inactive
Water Network Southvale Deepwell 4 No
Water Network Southvale Deepwell 3 No
Water Network Putatan Deepwell # 6 Yes Inactive/Standby
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Water Network Putatan Deepwell # 3 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Putatan Deepwell # 2 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Jasonville Pump Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Basketball Court Pump Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network San Guillermo Pump Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network University Pump Yes Inactive
Water Network Madrigal pump Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Luzon Pump Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Acacia Pump Yes Inactive
Water Network Ma. Cristina Pump Yes Inactive
Water Network Apitong Pump Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Acacia-Adelfa Pump Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Rosal Pump Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Taysan Pump Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Country Club Pump Yes Inactive
Water Network San Juanico Pump Yes Inactive
Water Network Mc Donalds Pump Yes Inactive
Water Network Talisay Pump Yes Inactive
Water Network La Salle Mini Booster Ayala Alabang No
Water Network Bougainvilla pump Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Assistant 1 Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Assistant 2 No
Water Network Baesa No
Water Network Baler No
Water Network EDSA No
Water Network Fatima Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Ilang-ilang Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Karuhatan No
Water Network Litex No
Water Network Magallanes No
Water Network Mindanao No
Water Network Naga Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network R. Valenzuela No
Water Network Reparo Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network New Reparo No
Water Network New Pio online booster No
Water Network Saranay No
Water Network Silverio Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network Sta. Quiteria No
Water Network Tamaraw No
Water Network Tandang Sora No
Water Network Vitalez Yes Inactive/Standby
Water Network DMMA No
Water Network Sampaguita No
Water Network Marcos Alavrez Pump Station No New
Water Network Patindig Araw Pump Station No New
Water Network Daang Hari Pump Station No New
Water Network Baesa Pump Station No New
Sewerage and Sanitation Dagat-dagatan Sewage and Septage Treatment Plant
No
Sewerage and Sanitation Project 7 Imhoff Tank & Field Office Yes Under commissioning and process proving last year 2013
Sewerage and Sanitation Roosevelt (AMA) Communal Septic Tank Yes
No existing data to account for methane emission/ For Upgrading
Sewerage and Sanitation Grant Sewage Treatment Plant No Turn over to Maynilad last September 2013
Sewerage and Sanitation Congressional Sewage Treatment Plant No
Sewerage and Sanitation Legal Sewage Treatment Plant No Turn over to Maynilad last August 2013
Sewerage and Sanitation Tondo Sewage Pumping Plant No
Sewerage and Sanitation Luneta Lift Station No
Sewerage and Sanitation Malate Lift Station No
Sewerage and Sanitation Port Area Lift Station No
Sewerage and Sanitation Sta. Cruz Lift Station No
Sewerage and Sanitation Legarda Lift Station No
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Sewerage and Sanitation Sta. Ana Lift Station No
Sewerage and Sanitation Paco Lift Station Yes Transferred to Manila Water
Sewerage and Sanitation Vitas Barge Loading Facility Yes Abandoned office
Sewerage and Sanitation Alabang Sewage Treatment Plant No
Sewerage and Sanitation Alabang Lift Station A No
Sewerage and Sanitation Alabang Lift Station B No
Sewerage and Sanitation Alabang Lift Station C No
Sewerage and Sanitation Paco Sewage Treatment Plant No Turn over to Maynilad last 2013
Sewerage and Sanitation Baesa Sewage Treatment Plant No Turn over to Maynilad last 2013
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Annex 3 – List of Emissions Sources by Scope, Group and Facility
(Electronic Data, please See attached Files)
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Annex 4 – List of Emission Factors
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Annex 4.a. Mobile Sources (Road Fleet)
Source Data Variable Value Unit Reference
Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst CO2 emission factor 2.35 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst CO2 emission factor 2.35 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - pre Euro CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - Euro I+II CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - Euro III+IV CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - pre Euro CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro I+II CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro III+IV CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro V CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - pre-Euro CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro I+II CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro III+IV CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro V CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines CO2 emission factor 2.35 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines CO2 emission factor 2.35 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Boats CO2 emission factor 2.35 Kg/liter Assumed as “motorcycle with 2-stroke engine” from the UNEP TNT Toolkit Tool 18
Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst CH4 emission factor 0.46 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “Non-catalytic controlled LDGV”
Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst CH4 emission factor 0.32 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “tier 0 LDGV”
Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter CH4 emission factor 0.1 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled LDDV”
Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter CH4 emission factor 0.068 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate LDDV”
Light duty - pre Euro CH4 emission factor 0.10 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled LDDV”
Light duty - Euro I+II CH4 emission factor 0.068 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate Control LDDV”
Light duty - Euro III+IV CH4 emission factor 0.051 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control LDDV”
Medium duty - pre Euro CH4 emission factor 0.10 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled LDDV”
Medium duty - Euro I+II CH4 emission factor 0.068 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate Control LDDV”
Medium duty - Euro III+IV CH4 emission factor 0.051 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control LDDV”
Medium duty - Euro V CH4 emission factor 0.051 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control LDDV”
Heavy duty - pre-Euro CH4 emission factor 0.15 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled HDDV”
Heavy duty - Euro I+II CH4 emission factor 0.14 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate Control HDDV”
Heavy duty - Euro III+IV CH4 emission factor 0.12 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control HDDV”
Heavy duty - Euro V CH4 emission factor 0.12 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control HDDV”
Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines CH4 emission factor 1.4 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Non-catalytic controlled motorcycles”
Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines CH4 emission factor 2.3 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled motorcycles”
Boats CH4 emission factor 0.17 g/liter WRI GHG Protocol tool for mobile combustion. Version 2.0. “Reference EF Fuel Use” Sheet, taken from “Ship and Boat - Gasoline”
Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst N2O emission factor 0.028 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “Non-catalytic controlled LDGV”
Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst N2O emission factor 0.66 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “tier 0 LDGV”
Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter N2O emission factor 0.16 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled LDDV”
Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter N2O emission factor 0.21 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate LDDV”
Light duty - pre Euro N2O emission factor 0.16 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled LDDV”
Light duty - Euro I+II N2O emission factor 0.21 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate Control LDDV”
Light duty - Euro III+IV N2O emission factor 0.22 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control LDDV”
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Medium duty - pre Euro N2O emission factor 0.16 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled LDDV”
Medium duty - Euro I+II N2O emission factor 0.21 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate Control LDDV”
Medium duty - Euro III+IV N2O emission factor 0.22 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control LDDV”
Medium duty - Euro V N2O emission factor 0.22 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control LDDV”
Heavy duty - pre-Euro N2O emission factor 0.075 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled HDDV”
Heavy duty - Euro I+II N2O emission factor 0.082 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate Control HDDV”
Heavy duty - Euro III+IV N2O emission factor 0.082 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control HDDV”
Heavy duty - Euro V N2O emission factor 0.082 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control HDDV”
Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines N2O emission factor 0.045 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Non-catalytic controlled motorcycles”
Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines N2O emission factor 0.048 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled motorcycles”
Boats N2O emission factor 0.115 g/liter WRI GHG Protocol tool for mobile combustion. Version 2.0. “Reference EF Fuel Use” Sheet, taken from “Ship and Boat - Gasoline”
Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst CO emission factor 53 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst CO emission factor 18 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter CO emission factor 3.61 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter CO emission factor 3.61 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - pre Euro CO emission factor 3.61 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - Euro I+II CO emission factor 3.6 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - Euro III+IV CO emission factor 3.6 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - pre Euro CO emission factor 8.59 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro I+II CO emission factor 8.59 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro III+IV CO emission factor 5.35 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro V CO emission factor 2.45 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - pre-Euro CO emission factor 13.29 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro I+II CO emission factor 11.8 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro III+IV CO emission factor 5.79 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro V CO emission factor 4.05 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines CO emission factor 16 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines CO emission factor 27.5 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Boats CO emission factor 27.5 g/km Assumed as “motorcycle with 2-stroke engine” from the UNEP TNT Toolkit Tool 18
Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst VOC emission factor 8.84 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst VOC emission factor 0.78 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter VOC emission factor 1.88 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter VOC emission factor 0.3 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - pre Euro VOC emission factor 1.88 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - Euro I+II VOC emission factor 0.19 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - Euro III+IV VOC emission factor 0.19 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - pre Euro VOC emission factor 1.65 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro I+II VOC emission factor 1.65 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro III+IV VOC emission factor 1.15 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro V VOC emission factor 0.89 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - pre-Euro VOC emission factor 2.53 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro I+II VOC emission factor 2.53 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro III+IV VOC emission factor 1.59 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro V VOC emission factor 1.43 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines VOC emission factor 5 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines VOC emission factor 14.4 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Boats VOC emission factor 14.4 g/km Assumed as “motorcycle with 2-stroke engine” from the UNEP TNT Toolkit Tool 18
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Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst NOx emission factor 2.52 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst NOx emission factor 1.17 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter NOx emission factor 1.67 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter NOx emission factor 0.89 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - pre Euro NOx emission factor 1.67 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - Euro I+II NOx emission factor 1.64 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - Euro III+IV NOx emission factor 1.64 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - pre Euro NOx emission factor 15.33 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro I+II NOx emission factor 15.01 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro III+IV NOx emission factor 9.2 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro V NOx emission factor 4.41 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - pre-Euro NOx emission factor 23.8 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro I+II NOx emission factor 20.4 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro III+IV NOx emission factor 10 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro V NOx emission factor 7 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines NOx emission factor 0.99 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines NOx emission factor 0.16 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Boats NOx emission factor 0.16 g/km Assumed as “motorcycle with 2-stroke engine” from the UNEP TNT Toolkit Tool 18
Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst SOx emission factor 0.05 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst SOx emission factor 0.05 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter SOx emission factor 0.22 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter SOx emission factor 0.16 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - pre Euro SOx emission factor 0.29 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - Euro I+II SOx emission factor 0.26 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - Euro III+IV SOx emission factor 0.25 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - pre Euro SOx emission factor 0.69 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro I+II SOx emission factor 0.69 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro III+IV SOx emission factor 0.69 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro V SOx emission factor 0.69 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - pre-Euro SOx emission factor 0.98 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro I+II SOx emission factor 0.97 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro III+IV SOx emission factor 0.97 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro V SOx emission factor 0.97 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines SOx emission factor 0.02 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines SOx emission factor 0.01 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Boats SOx emission factor 0.01 g/km Assumed as “motorcycle with 2-stroke engine” from the UNEP TNT Toolkit Tool 18
Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst PM10 emission factor 0.01 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst PM10 emission factor 0.01 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter PM10 emission factor 0.22 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter PM10 emission factor 0.08 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - pre Euro PM10 emission factor 0.27 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - Euro I+II PM10 emission factor 0.13 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Light duty - Euro III+IV PM10 emission factor 0.13 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - pre Euro PM10 emission factor 0.67 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro I+II PM10 emission factor 0.67 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro III+IV PM10 emission factor 0.29 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Medium duty - Euro V PM10 emission factor 0.07 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - pre-Euro PM10 emission factor 2.15 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
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Heavy duty - Euro I+II PM10 emission factor 1.34 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro III+IV PM10 emission factor 0.66 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro V PM10 emission factor 0.46 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines PM10 emission factor 0.21 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines PM10 emission factor 0.35 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet
Boats PM10 emission factor 0.35 g/km Assumed as “motorcycle with 2-stroke engine” from the UNEP TNT Toolkit Tool 18
Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst Km/liter 11.8 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst Km/liter 11.8 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter Km/liter 13.3 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter Km/liter 16.7 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Light duty - pre Euro Km/liter 8.33 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Light duty - Euro I+II Km/liter 9.1 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Light duty - Euro III+IV Km/liter 9.1 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Medium duty - pre Euro Km/liter 11.1 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Medium duty - Euro I+II Km/liter 3.85 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Medium duty - Euro III+IV Km/liter 3.85 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Medium duty - Euro V Km/liter 3.85 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Heavy duty - pre-Euro Km/liter 2.75 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro I+II Km/liter 2.75 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro III+IV Km/liter 2.75 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Heavy duty - Euro V Km/liter 2.75 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines Km/liter 33.3 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines Km/liter 25.6 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
Boats Km/liter 25.6 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet
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Annex 4.b. Business Flights
Source Data Variable Value Unit Reference
Short haul flight, average cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.15829 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Short haul flight, average cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00011 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Short haul flight, average cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00156 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Medium haul flight average cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.09330 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Medium haul flight average cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00001 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Medium haul flight average cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00092 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Medium haul flight, economy cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.08891 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Medium haul flight, economy cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00001 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Medium haul flight, economy cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00088 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Medium haul flight, business cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.13337 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Medium haul flight, business cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00001 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Medium haul flight, business cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00131 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, average cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.10982 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, average cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00001 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, average cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00108 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, economy cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.08017 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, economy cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00000 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, economy cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00079 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, premium economy cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.12827 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, premium economy cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00001 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, premium economy cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00126 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, business cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.23250 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, business cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00001 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, business cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00229 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, first cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.32068 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, first cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00002 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
Long haul flight, first cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00316 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting
<125 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 17.7 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8
125 to 250 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 23.6 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 251 to 500 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 36.9 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 501 to 750 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 48.7 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 751 to 1000 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 60.2 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 1001 to 1500 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 86.3 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 1501 to 2000 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 114.4 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 <125 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 0.8176 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8
125 to 250 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 0.9129 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 251 to 500 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 0.9958 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 501 to 750 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 1.0652 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 751 to 1000 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 1.1181 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 1001 to 1500 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 1.2404 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 1501 to 2000 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 1.3741 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 <125 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 14.2525 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8
125 to 250 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 15.836 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 251 to 500 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 17.5255 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 501 to 750 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 190.6066 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8
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751 to 1000 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 20.3693 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 1001 to 1500 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 23.2982 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 1501 to 2000 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 26.4263 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8
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Annex 4.c. Internal Combustion Engines
Engine Types Data Variable Value Unit Reference
Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) CO2 emission factor 165 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1
Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) CO emission factor 0.85 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1
Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) TOC emission factor 0.09 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1
Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) NOx emission factor (uncontrolled)
3.2 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1
Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) NOx emission factor (controlled)
1.9 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1
Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) SOx emission factor 1.01S lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1
Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) PM emission factor 0.1 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1
Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) CO2 emission factor 154 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) CO emission factor 0.99 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) TOC emission factor 2.1 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) NOx emission factor (uncontrolled)
1.63 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) NOx emission factor (controlled)
1.63 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) SOx emission factor 0.084 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) PM emission factor 0.1 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Industrial Diesel Engine (≤600 hp) CO2 emission factor 164 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Industrial Diesel Engine (≤600 hp) CO emission factor 0.95 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Industrial Diesel Engine (≤600 hp) TOC emission factor 0.35 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Industrial Diesel Engine (≤600 hp) NOx emission factor 4.41 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Industrial Diesel Engine (≤600 hp) SOx emission factor 0.29 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Industrial Diesel Engine (≤600 hp) PM emission factor 0.31 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1
Notes: S = sulfur content of fuel
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Annex 4.d. Other Emissions
Source Data Variable Value Unit Reference
Wastewater lagoons Methane emission factor 0.12 Bo * MCF
Wastewater lagoons Bo 0.6
kg CH4 / kg BOD5
Maximum CH4-producing capacity of domestic wastewater, in (IPCC, USEPA.)
Wastewater lagoons MCF (Methane correction factor) 0.2
USEPA. 2007
Wastewater lagoons GWP CH4 (Global warming potential of methane) 21
2006 IPCC Guidelines
Wastewater lagoons Uncertainty model correction factor 0.94
IPCC
Biosolids production CH4 emissions from stored biosolids 0.0091
Kg/m3-day2
Slvis. 2009. Biosolids Emissions Assessment Model for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Canadian Biosolids Management Practices
LPG Use (for cooking) Carbon content 17.2 kg/GJ 2006 IPCC Guidelines. Chapter 1. Table 1.3
LPG Use (for cooking) LPG heating value 47.3 MJ/kg 2006 IPCC Guidelines. Chapter 1. Table 1.2
LPG Use (for cooking) Fraction of Carbon Oxidized (LPG combustion) 99.5
% 1996 IPCC Guidelines. Chapter 1. Table 1.6
LPG Use (for cooking) CH4 emission factor 2 kg/TJ 2006 IPCC Guidelines. Chapter 2. Table 2.9
LPG Use (for cooking) N2O emission factor 0.6 kg/TJ 2006 IPCC Guidelines. Chapter 2. Table 2.9
LPG Use (for cooking) NOx emission factor 66 kg/TJ US DOE: Technical Support Document: Energy Efficiency Standards for Consumer Products. Appendix K-2, Table K-2.1
LPG Use (for cooking) CO emission factor 326 kg/TJ GAPF. The Global Atmospheric Pollution Forum Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Manual. Table A4.2
LPG Use (for cooking) SO2 emission factor 7 kg/TJ US DOE: Technical Support Document: Energy Efficiency Standards for Consumer Products. Appendix K-2, Table K-2.
LPG Use (for cooking) NMVOC emission factor 5 kg/TJ GAPF. The Global Atmospheric Pollution Forum Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Manual. Table A4.3
LPG Use (for cooking) PM10 emission factor 0.51 kg/TJ GAPF. The Global Atmospheric Pollution Forum Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Manual. Table A4.4
Acetylene Use CO2 emission factor 3.38
kgCO2/kgC2H2
ICF International. Shipbuilding Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission Inventory Tool Version 2.1. http://www.epa.gov/opispdwb/sectorinfo/sectorprofiles/shipbuilding/shipbuilding-inventory-tool.xls
Acetylene Use CO2 emission factor 0.00010
43
tons CO2/cubic feet
California Climate Registry. New Acetylene Emission Factor. http://www.climateregistry.org/resources/docs/members-only/reporting-tips/acetylene-emission-factor.doc
Electricity Consumption
Source Data Variable Value Unit Reference
Electricity Grid (2013) CO2 emission factor 0.55227442 tons/Mwh Calculated
Electricity Grid (2013) CH4 emission factor 0.00000730 tons/Mwh Calculated
Electricity Grid (2013) N2O emission factor 0.00000647 tons/Mwh Calculated
Electricity Grid (2013) NOx emission factor 0.00166248 tons/Mwh Calculated
Electricity Grid (2013) CO emission factor 0.00013108 tons/Mwh Calculated
Electricity Grid (2013) NMVOC emission factor 0.00003318 tons/Mwh Calculated
Electricity Grid (2013) SO2 emission factor 0.01326839 tons/Mwh Calculated
Electricity Grid (2013) PM10 emission factor 0.00001261 tons/Mwh Calculated
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Annex 5 – Data Collection Process Flowcharts
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Annex 6 – User’s Guide for the GHG and Air Pollutant Emissions Accounting Tool
(Electronic Data, please See attached File)