Topic :“COMPARISON OF

CONDUCTOR MATERIAL”

CONTENTTYPES OF CONDUCTOR MATERIAL:AACAAACACARAACSRACSSACCCACSRElements of transmission line.

AAC (All Aluminum Conductors) AAC is made up of one or more strands of hard

drawn 1350 Aluminum Alloy.AAC has had limited use in transmission lines Good Corrosion ResistanceHigh Conductivity to Weight Ratio.Moderate Strength

Typical ApplicationShort spans where maximum current transfer is

required.These conductors are used in low, medium and

high voltage overhead lines.

AAAC (All Aluminum Alloy Conductors) AAAC are made out of high strength Aluminum-Magnesium-Silicon alloy.

These conductors are designed to get better strength to weight ratio, excellent sag-tension characteristics when compared with ACSR.

As compared to conventional ACSR, lighter weight, comparable strength & current carrying capacity, lower electrical losses and superior corrosion resistance have given AAAC a wide acceptance in the distribution and transmission lines.

FeaturesHigh strength to weight ratioBetter sag characteristicsImproved electrical propertiesExcellent resistance to corrosionSpecifications

Higher Tensile StrengthExcellent Corrosion ResistanceGood Strength to Weight RatioLower Electrical LossesModerate Conductivity –52.5% IACS

Typical ApplicationTransmission and Distribution applications in corrosive

environments, ACSR replacement.

ACAR (Aluminum Conductor Alloy Reinforced)Aluminum Conductor Alloy Reinforced

(ACAR) is formed by concentrically stranded Wires of Aluminum on high strength Aluminum-Magnesium-Silicon (AlMgSi) Alloy core.

ACAR has got a better mechanical and electrical properties as compared to an equivalent conductors of ACSR,AAC or AAAC.

These conductors are extensively used in overhead transmission and distribution lines.

FeaturesImproved strength to weight ratioImproved mechanical propertiesImproved electrical properties

Excellent resistance to corrosion SpecificationsBalance of Mechanical & ElectricalExcellent Corrosion ResistanceVariable Strength to Weight RatioHigher Conductivity than AAACCustom Designed, diameter equivalent to ACSR most common.

Typical ApplicationUsed for both transmission and distribution circuits.

ACCC – Aluminum Conductor Composite Core Aluminum Conductor Composite Core (ACCC) is a concentrically

stranded conductor with one or more layers of trapezoidal shaped hard drawn and annealed 1350-0 aluminum wires on a central core of high strength Carbon and glass fiber composite.

The ACCC Conductor uses a carbon fiber core that is 25% stronger and 60% lighter than a traditional steel core.

This allows with the help of trapezoidal shaped strands the ability to increase the conductor’s aluminum content by over 28% without increasing the conductor’s overall diameter or weight.

Features Excellent Sag properties Increased current carrying capacity High operating temperature Excellent strength to weight ratio Highly energy efficient.

ACSR (Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced)

Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR) is concentrically stranded conductor with one or more layers of hard drawn 1350-H19 aluminum wire on galvanized steel wire core.

The core can be single wire or stranded depending on the size. Steel wire core is available in Class A ,B or Class C galvanization for corrosion protection. Additional corrosion protection is available through the application of grease to the core or infusion of the complete cable

with grease. The proportion of steel and aluminum in an ACSR conductor can be selected based on the mechanical strength and

current carrying capacity demanded by each application. ACSR conductors are recognized for their record of economy, dependability and favorable strength / weight ratio. ACSR

conductors combine the light weight and good conductivity of aluminum with the high tensile strength and ruggedness of steel.

In line design, this can provide higher tensions, less sag, and longer span lengths than obtainable with most other types of overhead conductors.

The steel strands are added as mechanical reinforcements. ACSR conductors are recognized for their record of economy, dependability and favorable strength / weight ratio. ACSR conductors combine the light weight and good conductivity of aluminum with the high tensile strength and

ruggedness of steel. In line design, this can provide higher tensions, less sag, and longer span lengths than obtainable with most other types of

overhead conductors. The steel strands are added as mechanical reinforcements. The cross sections above illustrate some common stranding. The steel core wires are protected from corrosion by galvanizing. The standard Class A zinc coating is usually adequate for ordinary environments. For greater protection, Class B and C galvanized coatings may be specified. The product is available with conductor corrosion resistant inhibitor treatment applied to the central steel component.

FeaturesHigh Tensile strengthBetter sag propertiesEconomic design

Suitable for remote applications involving long spans Good Ampacity Good Thermal Characteristics High Strength to Weight Ratio Low sag High Tensile Strength

Typical ApplicationCommonly used for both transmission and distribution circuits.Compact Aluminum Conductors, Steel Reinforced (ACSR) are

used for overhead distribution and transmission lines.

Elements of transmission line

Step up transformer This transformer is kept in the switch yard of the

generating station. This transformer steps up the generated voltage to the voltage of transmission.

Line insulator Suspension and strain type porcelain insulators are

used to insulate the conductors from the ground.

Line support Steel towers are used to support.

Conductors

Copper conductors were used for the transmission line but ACSR is widely used due to increased price of copper.

Step down transformer It is provided at the end of transmission line to step down primary voltage to secondary voltage

Protective device –

For protection of circuit breaker, earth switch, lightening arresters, ground wires, etc. are used.

Regulators – Voltage regulators are provided for voltage

regulation and for improvement of power factor of line.

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