of 28
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Pbtbopdm Pb{gpvHDNTD*PP*?;
Dgj{opntgl ge Fneebpblv Nlvbp{giovngl JbvmgftEgp Vbj{bpovrpb Jo{{nlh nl [ocntvol
Eomof Tobbf) Jrmojjof Pbmol Olnt) Pnqxol Otioj
Optmof J, Cmol
Arlb 0;;>
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[r`intmbf `~1
Hig`oi Dmolhb Nj{odv Tvrfnbt Dblvpb -HDNTD.
Lovngloi Dblvpb egp [m~tndt -LD[. Dgj{ib}
_ronf*n*Ooj Rlnubptnv~ Doj{rt
[,G, @g} 4;00) Ntiojo`of*66;;;
[ocntvol
NT@L1 >8=*>5>*>4>2*;>*4
KHDNTD
Dg{~pnhmv, Vmnt Pb{gpv) gp ol~ {opv ge nv) jo~ lgv `b rtbf egp pbtoib gp ol~ gvmbp
dgjjbpdnoi gp honleri {rp{gtb xnvmgrv {pngp {bpplnttngl ge Hig`oi Dmolhb Nj{odv Tvrfnbt
Dblvpb) Ntiojo`of) [ocntvol, Egp bfrdovngloi gp lgl*{pgenv rtb) mgxbubp) ol~ {opv ge vmb
Pb{gpv jo~ b pb{pgfrdbf xnvm o{{pg{pnovb odclgxibfhbjblv,
[r`intmbf nl1 Arlb 0;;>
Vmnt Pb{gpv jo~ `b dnvbf ot egiigxt1
Tobbf) E,) J,P, Oiint) P, Otioj olf O,J, Cmol) -0;;>.) Dgj{opntgl ge Fneebpblv
Nlvbp{giovngl Jbvmgft egp Vbj{bpovrpb Jo{{nlh nl [ocntvol) HDNTD*PP*?;) Hig`oi Dmolhb
Nj{odv Tvrfnbt Dblvpb -HDNTD.) Ntiojo`of) [ocntvol,
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DGLVBLVT
Egpbxgpf n
[pbeodb nn
Intv ge Vo`ibt nnn
Intv ge Enhrpbt nu
i, Nlvpgfrdvngl ?
0, Jbvmgfgigh~ 0
4, Tvrf~ Opbo 0
6, Fovo Tgrpdbt 0
2, Nlvbp{giovngl Jbvmgft 6
2,? Nlubptb Fntvoldb Xbnhmvnlh 6
2,0 Nlubptb Fntvoldb Xbnhmvnlh xnvm bibuovngl dgppbdvngl 6
-NFUUBD.
2,4 Jrivn{ib Pbhpbttngl Jgfbit 6
2,4,? @odcxopf Binjnlovngl 2
2,4,0 Tvb{xntb Pbhpbttngl 2
2,4,4 Egpdbf Blvp~ 2
2,6 Dgj`nlbf Pbhpbttngl*Igdoi Nlvbp{giovngl O{{pgodm 2
5, Fovo Oloi~tbt 2
5,? Buoirovngl ge Btvnjovbf Trpeodbt 5
8, Pbtrivt olf Fntdrttngl 5
8,? Io{tb Povbt olf Pbhpbttngl Jgfbit 5
8,0 Buoirovngl ge Jgfbi [bpegpjoldb 88,0,? Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jnlnjrj Vbj{bpovrpb ge Aolrop~ 8
-OJJnl?.
8,0,0 Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jo}njrj Vbj{bpovrpb ge >
Arlb -OJJo}5.
8,0,4 Oubpohbf Jbol Tbotgloi Xnlvbp Vbj{bpovrpb ??
-OJTX.
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?=
8,0,6 Oubpohbf Jbol Tbotgloi Trjjbp Vbj{bpovrpb i4
-OJTT.
8,0,2 Dgj`nlovngl ge o Pbhpbttngl Jgfbi olf o igdoi ?5
nlvbp{giovgp=, Dgldirtnglt
Pbebpbldbt ?>
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EGPBXGPF
Hig`oi Dmolhb Nj{odv Tvrfnbt Dblvpb -HDNTD. xot btvo`intmbf nl 0;;0 ot o fbfndovbf
pbtbopdm dblvpb egp dinjovb dmolhb olf gvmbp hig`oi dmolhb pbiovbf tvrfnbt) ov vmb nlnvnovnub
ge Fp, Ntmeoq Omjof) LN) MN) TN) vmb vmbl T{bdnoi Ofuntgp vg Dmnbe B}bdrvnub ge[ocntvol, Vmb Dblvpb mot tnldb `bbl blhohbf nl pbtbopdm gl {otv olf {pgabdvbf dinjovb
dmolhb nl fneebpblv tr` pbhnglt ge [ocntvol3 dgppbt{glfnlh nj{odvt gl vmb dgrlvp~(t cb~
tbdvgpt3 nl {opvndriop Xovbp olf Ohpndrivrpb3 olf ofo{vovngl jbotrpbt vg dgrlvbp vmb
lbhovnub nj{odvt,
Vmb xgpc fbtdpn`bf nl vmnt pb{gpv xot doppnbf grv ov HDNTD olf xot tr{{gpvbf nl {opv `~O[L -Otno [odnend Lbvxgpc egp Hig`oi Dmolhb Pbtbopdm.) Cg`b) Ao{ol) vmpgrhm nvt
DO[o@IB [pghpojjb rlfbp o 4*~bop do{odnv~ blmoldbjblv drj pbtbopdm [pgabdv vnvibf
"Blmoldbjblv ge lovngloi do{o`ninvnbt nl vmb o{{indovngl ge tnjriovngl jgfbit egp
ottbttjblv ge dinjovb dmolhb olf nvt nj{odvt gl xovbp pbtgrpdbt) olf eggf olf
ohpndrivrpoi {pgfrdvngl") oxopfbf vg HDNTD nl 0;;4 nl dgiio`gpovngl xnvm [ocntvol
Jbvbgpgighndoi Fb{opvjblv -[JF.,
Nv nt mg{bf vmov vmb pb{gpv xnii {pgunfb rtberi nlegpjovngl vg lovngloi {iollbpt olf
{gind~jocbpt ot xbii ot vg odofbjnd olf pbtbopdm gpholnovnglt nl vmb dgrlvp~ gl nttrbt
pbiovbf vg nj{odvt ge dinjovb dmolhb gl [ocntvol,
Vmb cbbl nlvbpbtv olf tr{{gpv `~ Fp, Ntmeoq Omjof) Ofuntgp -T % V. vg vmb [iollnlh
Dgjjnttngl) olf rtberi vbdmlndoi ofundb `~ Fp, Ojnp Jrmojjbf) Pbdvgp) Lovngloi
Rlnubptnv~ egp Dgj{rvbp olf Bjbphnlh Tdnbldbt olf Jbj`bp) Tdnblvnend
[iollnlh Hpgr{) O[L) vmpgrhmgrv vmb dgrptb ge vmnt xgpc opb hpovberii~ odclgxibfhbf,
Fp, Optmof J, Cmol
B}bdrvnub Fnpbdvgp) HDNTD
n
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[PBEODB
Hig`oi xopjnlh nt lgx ol btvo`intmbf {mblgjblgl olf nvt beebdvt opb ubp~ dibop nl jgtv
{opvt ge vmb xgpif nl vmb egpj ge uopno`ninv~ olf dmolhbt vocnlh {iodb nl vmb dinjovbt~tvbj, Mrjol odvnunvnbt moub lgx pbodmbf o ibubi xmbpb Hpbbl Mgrtb Hotbt -HMHt. ge
olvmpg{ghblnd gpnhnl opb tnhlnendolvi~ oeebdvnlh vmb hig`oi blunpgljblv, Vmb pbtbopdm
dglfrdvbf `~ vmb Nlvbphgubpljblvoi [olbi gl Dinjovb Dmolhb -N[DD. gubp vmb iotv
vxblv~ ~bopt mot btvo`intmbf vmov vmb nldpbotnlh dgldblvpovngl ge HMGt nl vmb ovjgt{mbpbmot dortbf ol nldpbotb nl oubpohb hig`oi vbj{bpovrpb `~ o`grv ;,5D gubp vmb iotvdblvrp~, Jrdm iophbp dmolhbt opb b}{bdvbf nl vmb 0? tv dblvrp~) xnvm vmb oubpohb hig`oi
vbj{bpovrpb pntnlh nl vmb gpfbp ge ?,?D* 5,6D
Dinjovb dmolhb nj{odv tvrfnbt hblbpoii~ pbqrnpb hpnffbf uoirbt ge
jbvbgpgighndoi'dinjovnd {opojbvbpt xmndm lbbf vg `b xgpcbf grv gl vmb `otnt ge ouonio`ibnlegpjovngl epgj vmb b}ntvnlh jbvbgpgighndoi tvovnglt, Nlvbp{giovngl ge uopno`ibt epgj
{gnlv fovo vg iophb opbot nt rtberi nl o uopnbv~ ge fntdn{inlbt, Nv nt ge {opvndriop nj{gpvoldb
nl vmb enbift ge Jbvbgpgigh~ olf Dinjovgigh~, Vmnt pb{gpv egdrtbt gl vmb jbvmgfgigh~ egp
nlvbp{giovngl ge dinjovb uopno`ibt egp {gnlv fovo vg btvo`intm hpnf fovo ge ? cj pbtgirvnglegp Vbj{bpovrpb egp vmb xmgib ge [ocntvol, Trdm hnpfbf fovo tbvt dgubpnlh `gvm vmb
vbj{bpovrpb olf {pbdn{nvovngl {opojbvbpt jo~ `b rtbf vg doin`povb olf uoinfovb Pbhngloi
Dinjovb Jgfbit -PDJt. vg hblbpovb ervrpb tdblopngt,
Bodm ge vmb 2; jbvbgpgighndoi tvovnglt nl [ocntvol pb{pbtblvt gl vmb oubpohb ol opbo ge
?5);;; tqropb cnigjbvbpt, Vmbpbegpb) nv nt nj{gpvolv vg jnlnjnb vmb b}vblv ge
nlvbp{giovngl bppgpt `~ rtnlh o trnvo`ib nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf, Nl hblbpoi) tbotgloivbj{bpovrpb uopno`ibt n,b, Oubpohb Jbol Tbotgloi Vbj{bpovrpb egp Trjjbp -OJTT.
g`tbpubf epgj O{pni * Tb{vbj`bp olf Oubpohb Jbol Tbotgloi Vbj{bpovrpbt egp Xnlvbp-OJTX. g`tbpubf epgj Gdvg`bp * Jopdm dol `b {pbfndvbf xnvm jgpb oddrpod~ vmol
b}vpbjb vbj{bpovrpb uopno`ibt n,b, Oubpohb Jglvmi~ Jo}njrj Vbj{bpovrpb egp Arlb-OJJo}5. olf Oubpohb Jglvmi~ Jnlnjrj Vbj{bpovrpb egp Aolrop~ -OJJnl?.,
Nlubptb Fntvoldb Xbnhmvnlh xnvm Bibuovngl Dgppbdvngl -NFXBD. olf @odcxopf Binjnlovngl
Jbvmgf tmgxbf `bvvbp tvovntvndoi pbtrivt egp vmb vxg xnlvbp uopno`ibt -OJTX
olf -OJJnli. ot dgj{opbf vg vmb trjjbp uopno`ibt -OJTT olf OJJo}5.) xmbl xb
o{{i~ vmbtb jbvmgft tb{opovbi~, Oevbp dgj`nlnlh vmb jbvmgft ge jrivn{ib pbhpbttngl-Tvb{xntb olf @odcxopf. xnvm igdoi nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgft -NFX) NFXBD.) vmb
{pbfndvngl oddrpod~ mot `bbl tgjbxmov nj{pgubf egp vmb trjjbp uopno`ibt `rv lgv egp
vmb xnlvbp uopno`ibt, Vmb NFXBD jbvmgf mot `bbl o{{inbf vg vmb opbot xmbpb tgjb tmgpvpolhb dinjovb eodvgpt moub ol beebdv trdm ot xbtvbpi~ fntvrp`oldbt olf Jgltggl) ot nv xot
egrlf vg `b vmb `btv jbvmgf gl vmb `otnt ge jbol o`tgirvb bppgp,
nn
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Intv ge Vo`ibt
Vo`ib ? Trjjop~ ge pbhpbttnglt 8
Vo`ib 0 Dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt egp Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jnlnjrj =
vbj{bpovrpb nl Aolrop~ -OJJnl ?. btvnjovbt
Vo`ib 4 Dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt egp Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jo}njrj ?;
vbj{bpovrpb nl Arlb -OJJo}5. btvnjovbt
Vo`ib 6 Dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt egp Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jbol Xnlvbp ?0
Vbj{bpovrpb -OJTX. btvnjovbt
Vo`ib 2 Dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt egp Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jbol ?6
Trjjbp Vbj{bpovrpb -OJTT. btvnjovbt
Vo`ib 5 Dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt egp dgj`nlbf nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf ?8
btvnjovbt
Vo`ib 8 Tvovnglt rtbf nl vmb oloi~tnt ge Lgpvmbpl olf Jgltggl ebf opbot ?8
ge [ocntvol
Vo`ib = Dgj{opntgl ge dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt egp Lgpvmbpl olf ?8
Jgltggl ebf opbot ge [ocntvol
NNN
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Intv ge Enhrpbt
Enhrpb ? Vmb FBJ -fnhnvoi bibuovngl jgfbi. olf dinjovnd g`tbpuovngltvovnglt nl [ocntvol
4
Enhrpb 0-o. NFXBD -;,2)=. jbvmgf -jbol o`tgirvb bppgp1 0,;4D. =
Enhrpb 0-`. Vmb @odcxopf Binjnlovngl pbhpbttngl jgfbi -jbol o`tgirvb >
bppgp1 ?,2>D.
Enhrpb 4-o. NFXBD -;,2)4. jbvmgf -jbol o`tgirvb bppgp1 0,;?D. ?;
Enhrpb 4-`. Vmb @odcxopf Binjnlovngl pbhpbttngl jgfbi -jbol o`tgirvb ??
bppgp1 0,;2D.
Enhrpb 6-o. NFXBD -;,2)=. jbvmgf -jbol o`tgirvb bppgp1 ?,;4D. ?0
Enhrpb 6-`. Vmb @odcxopf Binjnlovngl pbhpbttngl jgfbi -jbol o`tgirvb
?4
bppgp1 ;,85D.
Enhrpb 2-o. NFXBD -;,2)4. jbvmgf -jbol o`tgirvb bppgp1 ?, ?8D ?2
Enhrpb 2-`. Vmb @odcxopf Binjnlovngl pbhpbttngl jgfbi -jbol o`tgirvb ?2bppgp1 ?,08D.
NU
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?, Nlvpgfrdvngl
Nv nt `binbubf vmov Hig`oi Xopjnlh nt vmb `nhhbtv vmpbov egp vmb xgpif nl 0?tv dblvrp~ olf
Nlvbplovngloi [olbi gl Dinjovb Dmolhb -N[DD. mot,pb{gpvbf vmov nldpbotb ge ?,6 * 2,= D nl vmb blfge vmnt dblvrp~, Tnldb vmb bdglgj~ ge [ocntvol nt mbouni~ fb{blfblv r{gl Ohpndrivrpb) xmndm nl
vrpl fb{blft r{gl vmb jbiv xovbp dgjnlh epgj vmb hiodnbpt olf tlgxjbiv ge Mnfrcrtm*copocgpoj*
Mnjoio~ol -MCM. pbhngl7 Rlfbp vmb ervrpb tdblopng ge Hig`oi Xopjnlh) vmbtb hiodnbpt opb rlfbp
vmpbov olf fneebpblv pb{gpvt trhhbtvbf vmov vmbtb hiodnbpt opb hgnlh vg fnto{{bop `~ 0;2; -Pbbt %
Dgiinlt 0;;6., Lgx orvmgpnvnbt opb vocnlh nlvbpbtv nl vmb beebdvt ge vmnt xopjnlh vmpgrhm f~lojnd
fgxltdoinlh ge Hig`oi Dnpdriovngl Jgfbit -HDJt. fovo olf Pbhngloi Dinjovb Jgfbit -PDJt. tg
vmov o{{pg{pnovb ofo{vovngl jbotrpbt dgrif `b vocbl nl gpfbp vg dg{b xnvm vmb ofubptb beebdvt ge vmnt
dmolhnlh dinjovb,
Nl gpfbp vg doin`povb olf uoinfovb PDJt) nv nt lbdbttop~ vg hblbpovb vmb hpnffbf fovo tbvt ge fneebpblv
uopno`ibt nldirfnlh vbj{bpovrpb epgj {gnlv fovo, RC jbv geendb mot hblbpovbf jglvmi~ hpnffbf fovo
tbvt egp fneebpblv dinjovb uopno`ibt gubp vmb Rlnvbf Cnlhfgj egp vmb ubpnendovngl ge dinjovb jgfbit-[bpp~ % Mgiint 0;;6., Trdm vbj{bpovrpb jo{t egp [ocntvol opb lgv ouonio`ib egp vmnt {rp{gtb
vmbpbegpb) nv nt lbdbttop~ vg hblbpovb vmbtb jo{t `~ rtnlh trnvo`ib jbvmgf ge nlvbp{giovngl,
Dinjovb fovo b}ntv ot jbotrpbjblvt ov fntdpbvb {gnlvt lgpjoii~ doiibf ot jbvbgpgighndoi tvovnglt
olf jol~ fneebpblv jbvmgft moub bugiubf vg hblbpovb pbhngloi jo{t epgj {gnlv fovo, [gnlv fovo
jo~ `b nlvbp{giovbf vg o pbhriop hpnf rtnlh o uopnbv~ ge jbvmgft egp fbvbpjnlnlh xbnhmvt egp
jbotrpbf tnvbt) hblbpoii~ ot o erldvngl ge fntvoldb gp {ovvbpl ge t{ovnoi uopnoldb, Nlvbp{giovbf
trpeodbt ge dinjovb uopno`ibt opb rtberi nl jol~ fneebpblv opbot ge pbtbopdm, Ojglhtv vmbtb opb
m~fpgigh~ -Tdmpbnfbp bv o?, ?>>8.) dinjovb -Crpvjol % Cofjgl ?>>>.) bdgigh~ -@g} bv oi, ?>>4.)
b{nfbjngigh~ -Inlfto~ bv o?, ?>>=. olf {m~tngigh~ -Hggfoib bv o?, ?>>=., Nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgft
nldirfb Vmnbttbl {gi~hglt -Vmnbttbl, ?>??.) Nlubptb Fntvoldb nlvbp{giovngl -Xniijgvv % Jovtrrpo
?>>2) Fgftgl % Jopct ?>>8. olf cpnhnlh -Mgifoxo~ ?>>5., Nv nt oitg dgjjgl vg vmbtb tvrfnbt vmov
vmb~ rtb uopno`ibt trdm ot bibuovnglt) iovnvrfb olf iglhnvrfb ot {pbfndvgpt ge dinjovnd uopno`ibt,
Tgjb orvmgpt rtb jbvmgft xmbpb vpblft io~ xnvmnl vmb nlvbp{giovgp) egp b}oj{ib vmb uopngrt
ubptnglt ge Rlnubptoi Cpnhnlh -Mrftgl % Xodcbplohbi ?>>6. xmbpb o 0*fnjbltngloi vpblf nt `rniv
nl -Mrijb bv o?, ?>>2.) xmnitv gvmbpt fbvpblf vmb fovo olf nlvbp{giovb vmb pbtnfroit -Crpvjol olf
Cofjgl ?>>>.,
Nlvbp{giovngl ge dinjovb uopno`ibt epgj {gnlv fovo vg iophb opbot nt nj{gpvolv nl uopnbv~ ge
fntdn{inlbt, Bodm ge vmb 2; jbvbgpgighndoi tvovnglt nl [ocntvol pb{pbtblvt ol oubpohb opbo ge ?5);;;
tqropb cnigjbvbpt, Vmbpbegpb) nv nt nj{gpvolv vg jnlnjnb vmb b}vblv ge nlvbp{giovngl bppgpt `~ rtnlh
o trnvo`ib nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf, Tbotgloi vbj{bpovrpb uopno`ibt {pgubf jgpb {pbfndvo`ib vmol
b}vpbjb vbj{bpovrpb uopno`ibt, NFXBD olf @odcxopf Binjnlovngl jbvmgf tmgxbf `btv tvovntvndtegp vmb 0 trjjbp uopno`ibt olf 0 xnlvbp uopno`ibt, Mgxbubp) @odcxopf Binjnlovngl jbvmgf nt
dgltnfbpbf vg `b vmb {pbebppbf jbvmgf gubp NFXBD gl vmb `otnt ,ge tvovntvndoi pbtrivt, Vmb tvovntvndoi
pbtrivt g`vonlbf `~ dgj`nlnlh jrivn{ib pbhpbttngl olf igdoi nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgft nj{pgubf
{pbfndvngl oddrpod~ egp trjjbp uopno`ibt `rv lgv egp xnlvbp uopno`ibt, Xmbpb vmb fovo tr{{gpvbf
tvpglh tmgpv*polhb dinjovnd eodvgpt -trdm ot vmb xbtvbpi~ fntvrp`oldbt olf Jgltggl.) igdoi jbvmgft
xbpb egrlf vg `b jgpb beebdvnub vmol pbhpbttngl jgfbit,
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Grp onj nl vmnt tvrf~ nt vg dgj{opb vmb pbtrivt g`vonlbf `~1 ?. igdoi nlvbp{giovngl o{{pgodm olf 0.
vmb gubpoii jrivn{ib pbhpbttngl o{{pgodm) egp btvo`intmnlh trpeodbt ge fneebpblv vbj{bpovrpb
uopno`ibt, Mgxbubp) xb fnf lgv hnub xbnhmv vg {opojbvbp envvnlh xnvmnl bodm o{{pgodm olf egdrt glfneebpbldbt nl {bpegpjoldb `bvxbbl vmb g{vnjoi {opojbvbp tbvvnlht epgj bodm o{{pgodm, Egp vmb
{rp{gtb ge nlvbp{giovngl) o dgfb nt xpnvvbl nl D## iolhrohb) tg vmov vmnt dgfb dol `b dgr{ibf nl
PDJ blunpgljblv,
0, Jbvmgfgigh~
Nl vmnt tvrf~ xb dgj{opbf vmb {bpegpjoldb ge 0 igdoi nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgft) Nlubptb Fntvoldb
Xbnhmvnlh -NFX. olf Nlubptb Fntvoldb Xbnhmvnlh xnvm Bibuovngl Dgppbdvngl -NFXBD.) rtnlh
jrivn{ib pbhpbttngl jgfbit, Vmbtb nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgft xbpb o{{inbf vg 6 vbj{bpovrpb uopno`ibt1
oubpohbf jglvmi~ jnlnjrj vbj{bpovrpb ge vmb dgifbtv jglvm -Aolrop~.) oubpohbf jglvmi~
jo}njrj vbj{bpovrpb ge vmb xopjbtv jglvm -Arlb.) oubpohbf jglvmi~ jbol vbj{bpovrpb getrjjbp -O{pni*Tb{vbj`bp. olf oubpohbf jglvmi~ jbol vbj{bpovrpb ge xnlvbp -Gdvg`bp*Jopdm.,
Vmb jrivn{ib pbhpbttngl jgfbit opb `otbf gl hbghpo{mnd iglhnvrfb) iovnvrfb olf bibuovngl nldirfnlh
vbpjt ge enptv olf tbdglf gpfbp, Vmpbb jbvmgft ge uopno`ib tbibdvngl -@odcxopf Binjnlovngl)
Tvb{xntb) olf Egpdbf Blvp~. xbpb rtbf vg dgltvprdv 4 pbhpbttngl jgfbit egp bodm vbj{bpovrpb
uopno`ib, Oddrpod~ xot ottbttbf `~ o glb*ibev*grv dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv,
4, Tvrf~ Opbo
Nl vmnt tvrf~ opbo nl vmnt xgpc dgltntvt ge oii hbghpo{mnd pbhngl ge [ocntvol) dgubpnlh ol opbo g
8>5);>2 tqropb cnigjbvbpt ge vbppnvgp~ nldirfnlh o xnfb uopnbv~ ge iolftdo{bt) epgj opnf fbtbpvt vg
irtm hpbbl uoiib~t vg tvopc jgrlvonl {boct, Hbghpo{mndoii~) nv dol `b fnunfbf nlvg vmpbb pbhnglt1 vmbigxiolft nl vmb tgrvm*botv olf botv) vmb opnf {iovbor nl vmb tgrvmxbtv) olf vmb jgrlvonlt ge vmb
lgpvm ot tmgxl nl Enh ?, Xnvm vmb dgj{ib} vg{ghpo{m~) vmb dinjovb ge vmb pbhngl uopnbt oddgpfnlh
vg bibuovngl, O{pni vmpgrhm Tb{vbj`bp nt vmb jgtv {ibotolv jglvmt nl vmb jgrlvonlt) oivmgrhm vmb~
`pnlh g{{pbttnub mbov vg vmb igx*i~nlh {ionlt ge vmb Nlfrt Uoiib~) xmbpb jnf*fo~ vbj{bpovrpbt
lgpjoii~ b}dbbf 6;D) Fbdbj`bp vmpgrhm Eb`prop~ opb vmb dggibtv jglvmt) ot igxiolf
vbj{bpovrpbt fpg{ vg ?;*02 D olf vmb onp vbj{bpovrpb nl vmb jgrlvonlt eoiit `bigx epbbnlh,
Jgltgglt pbodm vmb botvbpl opbot ge vmb dgrlvp~ nl vmb iovb trjjbp olf {bptntv frpnlh Ari~ vg
Tb{vbj`bp,
6, Fovo Tgrpdbt
Vmb fovo oloi~bf nl vmnt tvrf~ opb epgj [ocntvol Jbvbgpgighndoi Fb{opvjblv -[JF., Vmnt fovo tbv
dglvonlt jglvmi~ jbol) jnlnjrj olf jo}njrj uoirbt ge vbj{bpovrpb egp vmb {bpngf ?>86*0;;;
egp 2; tvovnglt tmgxl nl Enh, ?,
Fnhnvoi Bibuovngl Jgfbi -GBJ. fovo ov o pbtgirvngl ge ? Cj -M^FPG?c. g`vonlbf epgj R,T
Hbgighndoi Trpub~ -RTHT. egp Otno nt rtbf nl vmnt tvrf~, O jotc ge [ocntvol nt hblbpovbf epgj
RTHT nlvbplovngloi `grlfop~ dgubpohb,
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8/2/2019 Comparison of Different Interpolation Methods for Temperature Mapping in Pakistan(GCISC-RR-10)
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Enhrpb ?1 Vmb FBJ -fnhnvoi bibuovngl jgfbi. olf dinjovnd g`tbpuovngl tvovnglt nl [ocntvol
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8/2/2019 Comparison of Different Interpolation Methods for Temperature Mapping in Pakistan(GCISC-RR-10)
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Xmbpb) [n nt vmb uoirb ov igdovngl n) [a nt vmb uoirb ov igdovngl a) Fna nt vmb fntvoldb epgj n vg a olf Hnt vmb lrj`bp ge toj{ibf igdovn gl olf l nt o {gxbp eodvgp,
2, Nlvbp{giovngl Jbvmgft
2,? Nlubptb Fntvoldb Xbnhmvnlh -NFX.
Vmnt nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf btvnjovbt o {gnlv rtnlh vmb lbopbtv toj{ib {gnlvt) xmndm {pg{gpvngloi vg
vmb nlubptb ge vmbnp fntvoldb epgj vmb btvnjovbf {gnlv, Vmb lbopbtv g`tbpuovngl tvovngl mot vmb
mnhmbtv xbnhmv olf vmb jgtv fntvolv tvovngl mot igxbtv xbnhmv, Oitg) mnhmbp vmb {gxbp vmb tvpglhbp
vmb nleirbldb ge vmb digtbp toj{ib {gnlv, Ot o dgltvponlv) trj ge vmb xbnhmvt tmgrif `b bqroi vg ?,
Vmb vpofnvngloi egpj ge vmnt jbvmgf nt
Dgltnfbpnlh o ubp~ igx fbltnv~ ge jbvbgpgighndoi tvovnglt) xb rtbf o xnfb polhb ge {opojbvbp
tbvvnlht NFX olf NFXBD jbvmgft opb vbtvbf rtnlh 4) 2 olf = lbnhm`gpnlh tvovnglt, Nl gpfbp vg
dgubp o xnfb polhb ge {opojbvbp tbvvnlht bodm lrj`bp ge lbnhm`gpt nt vbtvbf xnvm {gxbpt ge ;,2) ?
olf 0,
2,0 Nlubptb Fntvoldb Xbnhmvnlh xnvm Bibuovngl Dgppbdvngl -NFXBD.
[ocntvol mot hgv o ubp~ dgj{ib} vg{ghpo{m~ tvopvnlh epgj tbo ibubi nl vmb Tgrvm vg tc~ tdpo{{nlh {boct incb jgrlv C0 -=5??j. nl vmb Lgpvm, Rlfbp vmbtb dnpdrjtvoldbt) bibuovngl nt rtroii~
beebdvnub {pbfndvgp ge vbj{bpovrpb) Vmbpbegpb fovo mot `bbl fbvpblfbf egp bibuovngl `begpb
nlvbp{giovnlh xnvm NFX, O dgltvolv io{tb povb mot `bbl rtbf tnldb jgpb b}{indnv doidriovnglt g
io{tb povbt fnf lgv nj{pgub nlvbp{giovngl jgfbi {bpegpjoldb -Fgftgl % Jopct ?>>8., Vmbtb io{tb
povbt opb doidriovbf `~ inlbop pbhpbttngl, Vmb pbtrivnlh pbhpbttngl bqrovngl nt rtbf vg dglubpv oii
vbj{bpovrpb uoirbt vg bpg bibuovngl vbj{bpovrpbt, NFX nt vmbl o{{inbf vg vmnt fbvpblfbf fovo,
Gldb vmnt fovo nt nlvbp{giovbf glvg vmb hpnf) io{t povb nt ohonl offbf vg bodm {n}bi ge vmb hpnf,
2,4 Jrivn{ib Pbhpbttngl Jgfbit
Vmb {pbfndvgpt rtbf nl vmb pbhpbttngl jgfbit opb } dggpfnlovb -iovnvrfb.) ~ dggpfnlovb -iglhnvrfb.)
}~ olf bibuovngl, Vmb rlnvt ge } olf ~opb nl jbvbpt olf bibuovngl nt b}{pbttbf nl jbvbpt o`gub tbo
ibubi, Vmpbb tvolfopf vbdmlnqrbt ge uopno`ib tbibdvngl rtbf nl vmb jrivn{ib pbhpbttngl jgfbi xmndmopb @odcxopf Binjnlovngl) Tvb{xntb Pbhpbttngl olf Egpdbf Blvp~,
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8/2/2019 Comparison of Different Interpolation Methods for Temperature Mapping in Pakistan(GCISC-RR-10)
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2,4,? @odcxopf Binjnlovngl
Nl vmnt {pgdbfrpb) ov enptv tvb{ xb dgj{rvb vmb pbhpbttngl bqrovngl dglvonlnlh oii uopno`ibt) olf
vmbl ov bodm tvb{ xb fpg{ o uopno`ib gl vmb `otnt ge {opvnoi E*vbtv uoirb, Ne o uopno`ib nt lgvtnhlnendolv vmbl xb fpg{ nv epgj vmb bqrovngl olf pbdgj{rvbf vmb pbhpbttngl rtnlh vmb pbjonlnlh
uopno`ibt, Vmnt {pgdbtt dglvnlrbt rlvni oii uopno`ibt nl vmb pbhpbttngl opb tnhlnendolv,
2,4,0 Tvb{xntb Pbhpbttngl
Nl vmnt {pgdbfrpb) xb tvopv xnvm o pbhpbttngl bqrovngl mounlh lg uopno`ib nl vmb bqrovngl, Vmbl enptvuopno`ib blvbp vmb bqrovngl nt vmb glb xmndm mot vmb mnhmbtv tnj{ib dgppbiovngl xnvm vmb fb{blfblvuopno`ib, Vmb lb}v uopno`ib nt tbibdvbf oddgpfnlh vg vmb mnhmbtv {opvnoi dgppbiovngl xnvm vmbfb{blfblv uopno`ib, Vmb tnhlnendoldb ge bodm uopno`ib nt vmbl dmbdcbf xnvm vmb mbi{ ge {opvnoi E*vbtvuoirb, Ne o uopno`ib nt nltnhlnendolv vmbl nv nt pbjgubf epgj vmb bqrovngl, Vmnt {pgdbtt dglvnlrbtrlvni oii uopno`ibt nl vmb bqrovngl opb tnhlnendolv,
2,4,4 Egpdbf Blvp~
Vmnt {pgdbfrpb nt tnj{ib ot dgj{opbf vg tvb{xntb tbibdvngl olf @odcxopf Binjnlovngl `bdortb nvfgbt lgv nlugiub doidriovngl ge {opvnoi dgppbiovngl gp {opvnoi E *vbtv uoirb -Lgprtnt'T[TT Nld, ?>>4.,Vmnt {pgdbfrpb nt tgjbvnjbt doiibf "blvbp oii", Nl vmnt jbvmgf xb blvbp oii vmb {pbfndvgp uopno`ibtnlvg vmb bqrovngl ov vmb tojb vnjb olf fg lgv rtb vmb {opvnoi dgppbiovngl gp E*vbtv uoirb vg dmbdcxmndm uopno`ib xb moub vg blvbp olf xmndm uopno`ib xb moub vg pbjgub epgj vmb bqrovngl, Xb artvprl vmb bqrovngl (nldirfnlh oii vmb {pbfndvgp uopno`ibt olf dmbdc vmb {*uoirb -{pg`o`ninv~ uoirb. gebodm uopno`ib nlfnunfroii~, Ne o uopno`ib nt nltnhlnendolv) xb fpg{ vmov {opvndriop uopno`ib epgj vmbbqrovngl olf prl vmb pbhpbttngl bqrovngl ohonl `~ nldirfnlh oii tnhlnendolv uopno`ibt, Ne ol~ uopno`ib
nt nltnhlnendolv) xb fpg{ nv epgj vmb bqrovngl olf prl vmb pbhpbttngl ohonl `~ rtnlh vmb pbjonlnlh {pbfndvgp uopno`ib, Vmnt {pgdbtt dglvnlrbt rlvni oii {pbfndvgp uopno`ibt nl vmb bqrovngl opbtnhlnendolv,
2,6 Dgj`nlbf Pbhpbttngl*Igdoi Nlvbp{giovngl O{{pgodm
Dgj`nlovngl ge pbhpbttngl jgfbit xnvm igdoi jbvmgft nt oitg vbtvbf, Vmnt nt fglb `~ nlvbp{giovnlh
vmb fovo igdoii~ oevbp fb vpblfnlh oii vg{ghpo{mnd olf hbghpo{mnd uopno`ibt oddgpfnlh vg vmb
pbhpbttngl jgfbi, @~ dgj`nlnlh vmb jgtv beebdvnub -`btv uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt. igdoi nlvbp{giovngl
jbvmgf olf vmb jgtv beebdvnub pbhpbttngl jgfbi) vmnt dgj`nlbf jbvmgf nt o{{inbf gldb egp bodm
vbj{bpovrpb uopno`ib,
, 5, Fovo Oloi~tbt
Vmb fovo g`vonlbf epgj [JF opb rtbf vg doidriovb oubpohbf jglvmi~ b}vpbjbt olf tbotgloioubpohbt, Jglvmi~ b}vpbjbt opb doidriovbf rtnlh Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jnlnjrj vbj{bpovrpb egp
Aolrop~ -OJJnl?. olf Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jo}njrj vbj{bpovrpb egp Arlb -OJJo}5., Egp
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tbotgloi oubpohbt) xb dgltnfbpbf Oubpohbf Jbol Tbotgloi vbj{bpovrpb vgp Trjjbp -OJTT. olf,Oubpohbf Jbol Tbotgloi vbj{bpovrpb egp xnlvbp -OJTX. ) pb{pbtblvnlh trjjbp -O{pni*
Tb{vbj`bp. olf xnlvbp -Gdvg`bp*Jopdm. pbt{bdvnubi~,
Vmb o`gub jblvnglbf jglvmi~ b}vpbjbt olf tbotgloi oubpohbt opb nlvbp{giovbf rtnlh igdoi
vbdmlnqrbt ot xbii ot pbhpbttngl jgfbit xmndm opb fntdrttbf nl vmb {pbungrt tbdvnglt, Gpfnlop~
cpnhnlh nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf nt lgv rtbf frb vg vmb pbiovnub tdopdnv~ ge fovo) xmndm jocbt nv
nj{gttn`ib vg doidriovb vmb dgbeendnblv ge tbjn*uopnghpoj jgfbi xnvm pbotglo`ib ioh fntvoldb
-9?2cj. -Crpvjol % Cofjgl ?>>>.,
5,? Buoirovngl ge Btvnjovbf Trpeodbt
Vmb {bpegpjoldb ge bodm ge vmb 0? nlvbp{giovngl {pgdbfrpbt fbtdpn`bf o`gub -> uopnolvt ge NFX) >
uopnolvt ge NFXBD olf 4 uopnolvt ge pbhpbttngl o{{pgodm. nt buoirovbf egp bodm vbj{bpovrpb
uopno`ib rtnlh o dpgtt uoinfovngl o{{pgodm, Grv ge 2; tvovnglt) glb tvovngl nt vocbl grv olf egp
pbjonlnlh 6> tvovnglt) o lbx trpeodb ge btvnjovngl nt dgltvprdvbf egp NFX olf NFXBD) vmbl nl vmb
lb}v tvb{ tbdglf tvovngl nt vocbl grv olf trpeodb ge btvnjovngl nt dgltvprdvbf egp pbjonlnlh tvovnglt
olf vmnt {pgdbtt dglvnlrbt, rlvni trpeodb ge btvnjovngl nt dgltvprdvbf egp bodm tvovngl, Tnjniopi~) egp
pbhpbttngl jbvmgft o lbx jgfbi nt doidriovbf ov bodm tvb{, Vmb btvnjovbt ge jnttnlh fovo opb toubf,
Vmb iophbtv bppgp) jbol bppgp olf jbol o`tgirvb bppgp ge btvnjovngl opb doidriovbf, Uoirbt ge P0)
`bvxbbl g`tbpubf olf {pbfndvbf uoirbt opb oitg doidriovbf olf vmb pbtrivt opb fntdrttbf nl vmb lb}v
tbdvngl,
8, Pbtrivt olf Fntdrttngl
8,? Io{tb Povbt olf Pbhpbttngl Jgfbit
Bibuovngl {pbfndvbf jbol vbj{bpovrpbt `bvvbp nl oii vmb jbvmgft b}db{v egp OJJo}5 -Vo`ib ? -o..,
Vmb offnvngl ge vmb hbghpo{mnd {pbfndvgpt nl Tvb{xntb olf Egpdbf Blvp~ jgfbit b}{ionlt vmb
uopnovnglt nl vbj{bpovrpb `bvvbp vmol vmb dotb xmbl gli~ bibuovngl nt nldirfbf nl vmb jgfbi) `rv nv
fgbt lgv tmgx ol~ nj{pgubjblv egp vmb dotb ge OJJo}5 b}db{v egp @odcxopf Binjnlovngl
jbvmgf xmndm mot nj{pgubf vmb {pbfndvngl nl OJJo}5 -Vo`ib ? -`.., Nv nt lgvndbo`ib vmov gli~
bibuovngl nt blvbpbf nlvg egpdbf blvp~ jbvmgf xmndm jocbt nv tnjniop vg io{tb povb dotb -Vo`ib i-o..,
Vmbpbegpb) vmnt jbvmgf nt lgv fntdrttbf oevbpxopft, Vmb uopno`ibt tbibdvbf nl gvmbp vxg pbhpbttngl
jbvmgft opb hnubl nl -Vo`ib ? -`..,
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! Lgv O{{indo`ib
# Nltnhlnendolv
8,0 Buoirovngl ge Jgfbi [bpegpjoldb
Vo`ib ?1 Trjjop~ ge pbhpbttnglt, -o. Vmb inlbop io{tb povbt rtbf egp fbvpblfnlh `begpb o{{i~nlh
NGXBD, -`. Pbhpbttngl jgfbit fbpnubf epgj rtnlh oii tvovnglt, Vbj{bpovrpb uopno`ibt1 OJJo}5
: Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jo}njrj vbj{bpovrpb nl Arlb3 OJJnl? : Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ JnlnjrjVbj{bpovrpb nl Aolrop~3 OJTT : Oubpohbf Jbol Tbotgloi vbj{bpovrpb nl Trjjbp3 OJTX :Oubpohbf Jbol Tbotgloi vbj{bpovrpb nl Xnlvbp
8,0,? Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jnlnjrj Vbj{bpovrpb ge Aolrop~ -OJJnl?.
Egp OJJnl?) vmb uopno`ibt egp `gvm vmb pbhpbttngl jgfbi nt tnjniop olf `gvm vmb pbhpbttngl jgfbit
{pgfrdb vmb igxbtv jbol o`tgirvb bppgpt olf mnhmbtv P0
uoirb -Vo`ib 0., Nv nt oitg lgvndbo`ib vmov offnvngl
ge bibuovngl dgppbdvngl nl NFX mot lbnvmbp nj{pgubf vmb jbol o`tgirvb bppgp lgp P0, Nl oii
vmb dotbt) b}db{v egp tnj{ib NFX vmb dmgndb ge {opojbvbpt nl NFX olf NFXBD mot invvib beebdv gl
jbol o`tgirvb bppgpt olf P
0
, Jo{t egp `btv {bpegpjnlh pbhpbttngl -@odcxopf Binjnlovngl. olfigdoi jbvmgf -NFXBD -;,2) =.. opb hnubl nl Enh 0, Jo{ ge NFXBD mot tmgxl jgpb {pglgrldbf
b}vpbjb vbj{bpovrpb ot dgj{opbf vg tjggvmbp jo{ ge pbhpbttngl jgfbi,
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Vo`ib 01 Dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt egp Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jnlnjrj vbj{bpovrpb nl Aolrop~
-OJJnl?. btvnjovbt, Vmb {opojbvbpt nl vmb iFX olf NFXBD nlvbp{giovngl opb -{gxbp) lrj`bp ge
lbopbtv tvovnglt., Vmb nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf vmov houb vmb igxbtv jbol o`tgirvb bppgp nl bodm jbvmgfnt hnubl nl `gif,
Jbvmgf ge Jbol Jbol o`tgirvb Jo}njrj Pbt{bdvnub G`tbpubf'
olf [opojbvbpt bppgp -D . bppgp -D . bppgp -D. tvovngl {pbfndvbf P0
NFX -;,2)4. ;,0=2> 0,?860 *?;,45>2 Anxoln ;,204>
NFX -;,2)2. ;,0;=2 0,0426 *>,?;20 Anxoln ;,20>8NFX -;,2)=. ;,0>40 0,?0>? *8,8?2> Anxoln ;,2>6?NFX -?)4. ;,4;>> 0,?8=5 *?;,4;88 Anxoln ;,208=NFX -?)2. ;,08=0 0,?=08 *>,0;65 Anxoln ;,2605NFX -?)=. ;,4?42 0,;>28 *8)>>86 Anxoln ;,5;;;NFX -0)4. ;,46?> 0,?=;? *?;,?>;4 Anxoln ;,24?2NFX -0)2. ;,45>= 0,?68? *>,4=5> Anxoln ;,22?2
NFX -0)=. ;,452; 0,;58; *=,24=4 Anxoln ;,2>20NFXBD -;,2)4. ;,???2 0,0?;4 *5,?;=> Anxoln ;,26;=NFXBD -;,2)2. ;,?;;8 0,?;00 *2,054= Anxoln ;,2886NFXBD -;,2)=. ;,??4> 0,;40? *2,0;>8 Anxoln ;,2>?>iFXBD -?)4. ;,? 4;0 0,0;0= *2,>>4= Anxoln ;,264?NFXBD -?)2. ;,?4>5 0,?;8? *2,0=;2 Anxoln ;,28?8NFXBD -?)=. ;,?404 0,;2?0 *2,040; Anxoln ;,2=45iFXBD -0)4. ;,?2?4 0,?=?= *2,85?= Anxoln ;,2626NFXBD -0)2. ;,?=6; 0,?;?; *2,0=;6 Anxoln ;,25?2NFXBD -0)=. ;,?8?6 0,;804 *2,02;8 Anxoln ;,25=4
OJJnl? Tvb{xntb ;,;;68 ?,2>68 *2,6542 Anxoln ;,8=5=OJJnl? @odcxopf ;,;;68 ?,2>68 *2,6542 Anxoln ;,8=5=
Enhrpb 0 -o.1 NFXBD -;,2) =. jbvmgf -jbol o`tgirvb bppgp1 0,;4D.
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Enhrpb 0 -`. Vmb @odcxopf Binjnlovngl pbhpbttngl jgfbi -jbol o`tgirvb bppgp1 ?,2>D.
8,0,0 Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jo}njrj Vbj{bpovrpb ge Arlb -OJJo}5.
Nl OJJo}5) vmbpb nt ubp~ invvib vg dmggtb xmbl nv dgjbt vg `btv {bpegpjnlh jbvmgf nl uoinfovnglvbtv, NFXBD -;,2) 4.) tmgxt vmb `btv jbol o`tgirvb bppgpt) oivmgrhm lgv `~ jrdm xmbl xbdgj{opb nv xnvm `btv {bpegpjnlh pbhpbttngl jbvmgf xmndm nt @odcxopf Binjnlovngl jbvmgf -Vo`ib4., Nv nt g`ungrt vmov offnvngl ge bibuovngl dgppbdvngl nl NFX mot tinhmvi~ nldpbotbf vmb jbolo`tgirvb bppgpt `rv vmb P0 uoirbt moub fbenlnvbi~ nldpbotbf, Epgj Enh 4) nv nt g`ungrt vmov NFXBD-;,2)4. nt tmgxnlh dggibp vbj{bpovrpbt vmol @odcxopf Binjnlovngl pbhpbttngl jo{,
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Vo`ib 41 Dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt egp Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jo}njrj vbj{bpovrpb nl Arlb
-OJJo}5. btvnjovbt, Vmb {opojbvbpt nl vmb NFX olf NFXBD nlvbp{giovngl opb -{gxbp) lrj`bp ge
lbopbtv tvovnglt., Vmb nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf vmov houb vmb igxbtv jbol o`tgirvb bppgp egp bodm
jbvmgf nt hnubl nl `gif,
Enhrpb 4 -o.1 NFXBD -;,2)4. jbvmgf -jbol o`tgirvb bppgp1 0,;?D.
?;
Jbvmgf ge Nlvbp{giovngl Jbol Jbol o`tgirvb Jo}njrj Pbt{bdvnub G`tbpubf'
olf [opojbvbpt bppgp -GD. bppgp -D . bppgp -D . tvovngl {pbfndvbf P0
NFX -;,2)4. ;,4?5= 0,>8>= ?;,602= Jrpbb ;,44>=
NFX -;,2)2. ;,?028 4,?;;4 ??,?>=; Jrpbb ;,4688
NFX -;,2)=. ;,0;5; 0,>028 ??,62;6 Jrpbb ;,480=
NFX -?)4. ;,4?>8 0,>8>; ?;,0=65 Jrpbb ;,4648
NFX -?)2. ;,?5;5 4,;685 ??,;?;5 Jrpbb ;,42;?
NFX si)=. ;,?=6; 0,>008 ??,?=;= Jrpbb ;,4868
NFX -0)4. ;,404> 0,>=?; >,>>54 Jrpbb ;,4665
NFX -0)2. ;,0085 0,>>?= ?;,5?=8 Jrpbb ;,46==
NFX -0)=. ;,0;46 0,>056 ?;,5>5= Jrpbb ;,45>0
NFXBD -;,2)4. ;,?25; 0,;?40 ?;,=>;8 Anxoln ;,2>>8NFXBD -;,2)2. ;,;054 0,?;4> =,=06= Anxoln ;,2>>8
NFXBD -;,2)=. ;,;6;= 0,??;= 8,>?;0 Anxoln ;,5;=?
NFXBD -?)4. ;,?26; 0,;0;> ?;,8==5 Anxoln ;,5;82
NFXBD -?)2. ;,;40= 0,;884 =,>=5= Anxoln ;,5;>8
NFXBD -?)=. ;,;?8; 0,;5;6 =,?85; Anxoln ;,5?=4
NFXBD -0)4. ;,?6=0 0,;460 ?;,2=?4 Anxoln ;,5?>2NFXBD -0)2. ;,;256 0,;245 >,0844 Anxoln ;,502=
NFXBD -0)=. ;,;02; 0,;?8? =,5=55 Anxoln ;,5448
OJJo}5 Tvb{xntb ;,;055 0,222; >,48=0 [btmoxop ;,6>88
OJJo}5 @odcxopf ;,;=?6 0,;2?8 ?;,2244 [btmoxop ;,5;?=
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Enhrpb 4 -`.1 Vmb @odcxopf Binjnlovngl pbhpbttngl jgfbi -jbol o`tgirvb bppgp1 0,;2D.
8,0,4 Oubpohbf Jbol Tbotgloi Xnlvbp Vbj{bpovrpb -OJTX.1
Egp OJTX) vmb uopno`ibt egp `gvm vmb pbhpbttngl jgfbit opb tnjniop olf `gvm ge vmbj moub
{pgfrdbf igxbtv jbol o`tgirvb bppgpt olf dgppbiovngl, Nv nt oitg nlvbpbtvnlh vg lgvb vmov offnvngl g
bibuovngl dgppbdvngl nl NFX mot tnhlnendolvi~ nldpbotbf vmb P0 olf pbfrdbf vmb jbol o`tgirvb
bppgpt -Vo`ib 6., Nl jo{t ge OJTX -Enh 6,.) NFXBD -;,2) =. nt tmgxnlh o dggibp vbj{bpovrpb
vpblf vmol pbhpbttngl jo{, Nl lgpvmbpl opbot ge [ocntvol) xmbpb vmbpb nt o ubp~ dgj{ib}
vg{ghpo{m~) o fneebpbldb ge {pbfndvngl dol `b tbbl `bvxbbl vmb vxg jbvmgft xmndm xnii `b
fntdrttbf iovbp,
??
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Vo`ib 61 Dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt egp Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jbol Xnlvbp Vbj{bpovrpb -OJTX.btvnjovbt, Vmb {opojbvbpt nl vmb NFX olf NFXBD nlvbp{giovngl opb -{gxbp) lrj`bp ge lbopbtv
tvovnglt., Vmb nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf vmov houb vmb igxbtv jbol o`tgirvb bppgp nl bodm jbvmgf nt
hnubl nl `gif,
Jbvmgf ge Nlvbp{giovngl Jbol Jbol o`tgirvb Jo}njrj Pbt{bdvnub G`tbpubf'
olf [opojbvbpt bppgp -D. bppgp -D. bppgp tvovngl pbfndvbf P0
NFX -;,2)4. ;,048? 0,?265 8,66=; Otvgp ;,520;
NFX -;,2)2. ;,?588 0,0652 5,80>? [opodmnlop ;,525;
NFX -;,2)=. ;,0?25 0,?5>0 8,5800 _rbvvo ;,5==4
NFX -?)4. ;,0626 0,?580 8,654? Otvgp ;,520>
NFX -?)2. ;,0;8= 0,0?0; 5,82;; [opodmnlop ;,52>6
NFX -?)=. ;,0?4> 0,?458 8,2550 _rbvvo ;,5>;=
NFX -0)4. ;,02;; 0,?=68 8,6664 Otvgp ;,56>2
NFX -0)2. ;,0284 0,?=84 5,=?>0 [opodmnlop ;,5258
NFX -0)=. ;,00>? 0,?0>6 8,4588 _rbvvo ;,5=4;
NFXBD -;,2)4. ;,;44; ?,?>8> *4,>55? Cgvin ;,>?68
NFXBD -;,2)2. ;,;426 ?,;=6= *6,0?>= Cgvvn ;,>058
NFXBD -;,2)=. *;,;;60 ?,;4>5 *6,6088 Cgvin ;,>0>?
NFXBD -?)4. ;,;06> ?,?=;5 4,>44? Ntiojo`of ;,>?5=
NFXBD -?)2. ;,;48= ?,;>;5 *6,?6>5 Cgvin ;,>052
NFXBD -?)=. *;,;;=4 ?,;68? *6,440? Cgvin ;,>0=>
NFXBD-0)4. ;,;?50 ?,?506 4,>2=4 Ntiojo`of ;,>?>?
NFXBD -0)2. ;,;0>2 ?,?;6? *4,>=== Cgvin ;,>024
NFXBD -0)=. *;,;;=4 ?,;840 *6,?0=> Cgvin ;,>088
OJTX Tvb{xntb ;,;;2> ;,85>; *6,6554 Cgvin ;,>6=0
OJTX @odcxopf ;,;;2> ;,85>; *6,6554 Cgvin ;,>6=0
Enhrpb 6-o.1 NFXBD -;,2)=. jbvmgf -jbol o`tgirvb bppgp1 ?,;4D.
?0
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Enhrpb 6-`.1 Vmb @odcxopf Binjnlovngl pbhpbttngl jgfbi -jbol o`tgirvb bppgp1 ;,85D.
8,0,6 Oubpohbf Jbol Tbotgloi Trjjbp Vbj{bpovrpb -OJTT.
Egp OJTT) ohonl vmbpb nt ubp~ invvib vg dmggtb xmbl nv dgjbt vg vmb `btv {bpegpjnlh jbvmgf nl
uoinfovngl vbtv, NFXBD xnvm vmb {gxbp ;,2 olf 4 lbopbtv lbnhm`gpt mot tmgxl igxbtv jbolo`tgirvb bppgp, Offnvngl ge bibuovngl dgppbdvngl nl NFX gldb ohonl mot tmgxl ol nj{pgubjblv nl
pbtrivt -Vo`ib 2., Jo{ ge NFXBD -;,2) 4. nt {pbfndvnlh dggibp vbj{bpovrpb vmol @odcxopf
Binjnlovngl pbhpbttngl jgfbi -Enh, 2., Nl vmb Jgltgl ebf opbo ge [ocntvol) fneebpbldbt dol `b tbbl
nl `gvm vmb dotbt xmndm xnii `b fntdrttbf iovbp,
?4
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Vo`ib 21 Dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt egp Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jbol Trjjbp Vbj{bpovrpb-OJTT. btvnjovbt, Vmb {opojbvbpt nl vmb NFX olf NFXBD nlvbp{giovngl opb -{gxbp) lrj`bp g
lbopbtv tvovnglt., Vmb nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf vmov houb vmb igxbtv jbol o`tgirvb bppgp nl bodm
jbvmgf nt hnubl nl `gif,
Jbvmgf ge Nlvbp{giovngl Jbol Jbol o`tgirvb Jo}njrj Pbt{bdvnub G`tbpubf'
olf [opojbvbpt bppgp -D . bppgp -D . bppgp -D . tvovngl {pbfndvbf P0
NFX-;,2)4. ;,0=?; 0,4>>6 =,8688 Otvgp ;,625?
NFX-;,2)2. ;,??80 0,62;6 8,=5=? Jrpbb ;,65;8
NFX-;,2)=. ;,??8= 0,4?42 =,??65 Jrpbb ;,6>86
NFX-N)4. ;,0>?6 0,6?6; =,8?88 Otvgp ;,6255
NFX-?)2. ;,?5?5 0,6406 8,5>2; Jrpbb ;,65;;
AFX-?)=. ;,?028 0,4445 8,=2=> Jrpbb ;,6>45
NFX-0)4. ;,4;?> 0,64=6 =,2=>5 Otvgp ;,6200
NFX-0)2. ;,04?6 0,6442 8,==== Otvgp ;,620>
NFX-0)=. ;,?880 0,45>? 8,>54; Otvgp ;,688=NFXBD-;,2)4. ;,?;;5 ?,?800 5,?4?4 Anxoln ;,=626
NFXBD-;,2)2. ;,;;28 ?,048= 2,?4=? Anxoln ;,=2??
NFXBD-;,2)=. *;,;585 ?,0408 *6,2280 Dmniot ;,=5;4
NFXBD-?)4. ;,?;25 R=== 5,;>0= Anxoln ;,=622
NFXBD-i)2. ;,;?=0 ?,0642 2,004? Anxoln ;,=2?;
NFXBD-N)=. *;,;5?5 ?,044= 6,25=5 Anxoln ;,=5;6
NFXBD-0)4. ;,?;6= ?,04>8 5,;;>0 Anxoln ;,=660
NFXBD-0)2. ;,;4>4 ?,025> 2,4848 Anxoln ;,=6>2
NFXBD-0)=. *;,;04; ?,0622 6,>;=5 Anxoln ;,=258
OJTT Tvb{xntb ;,;?;4 ?,4056 2,64>8 Anxoln ;,=452
OJTT @odcxopf ;,;062 ?,080? *2,4>44 Dmniiot ;,=6>>
?6
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Enhrpb 2 -o. NFXBD -;,2) 4. jbvmgf -jbol o`tgirvb bppgp1 ?,?8D.
?2
Enhrpb 2-`.1Vmb @odchpgrlf Binjnlovngl pbhpbttngljgfbi -jbol o`tgirvb1 ?,08D.
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8,0,2, Dgj`nlovngl ge o pbhpbttngl jgfbi olf o igdoi nlvbp{giovgp
Vmb rtb ge igdoi nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf oevbp fbvpblfnlh oii vg{ghpo{mnd olf hbghpo{mnd uopno`ibtoddgpfnlh vg vmb pbhpbttngl bqrovngl nt vbtvbf gldb egp bodm uopno`ib, Vmb 0 jbvmgft dgj`nlbf nl
bodm vbj{bpovrpb uopno`ib opb vmb pbhpbttngl jgfbi olf vmb igdoi nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf xmndm houb
vmb igxbtv jbol o`tgirvb bppgp,
Xmbl xb dgj{opbf vmb uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt epgj vmb dgj`nlbf jbvmgft tmgxl nl Vo`ib 5 xnvm
vmb pbtrivt ge tb{opovbf jbvmgft nl Vo`ib 0 vg 2) xb dol tbb vmov egp `gvm xnlvbp uopno`ibt) OJJnl?
olf OJTX) vmb dgj`nlbf jbvmgf fnf lgv nj{pgub {pbfndvnglt gubp vmb `btv nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf
nl Vo`ibt 0 olf 6, Xmbpbot egp OJJo}5 olf OJTT) vmb dgj`nlbf jbvmgf mot nj{pgubf jbol
o`tgirvb bppgp) jo}njrj bppgp olf P0,
Ot fntdrttbf bopinbp) egp OJTX olf OJTT vmbpb nt o fneebpbldb {pbtblv nl vmb jo{t ge `btv {bpegpjnlh igdoi olf pbhpbttngl jgfbi, Nl OJTX) vmb fneebpbldb nt {pg`o`i~ frb vg vmb beebdv ge
xbtvbpi~ fntvrp`oldbt dgjnlh epgj Jbfnvbpopnol Tbo olf pbtrivnlh nl xnlvbp {pbdn{nvovngl nl
Lgpvmbpl Opbot ge [ocntvol, Egp fbvonibf oloi~tnt) vmb tvovnglt nl vmb Lgpvmbpl pbhnglt opb vocbl
xmndm opb hnubl nl Vo`ib 8-o., Tnjniopi~ egp OJTT) vmb fneebpbldb nl vmb vxg jo{t nt {pg`o`i~ frb
vg vmb beebdv ge Jgltggl dgjnlh epgj @o~ ge @blhoi olf Opo`nol Tbo pbtrivnlh nl trjjbp
{pbdn{nvovngl, Tvovnglt nl vmb jgltggl ebf opbo vocbl egp vmb fbvonibf oloi~tnt opb hnubl nl Vo`ib
8-`., Egp `gvm vmb dotbt) vmb jbol o`tgirvb bppgp egp NFXBD jbvmgf nt igx ot dgj{opbf vg vmb
pbhpbttngl jbvmgf, Vmbpbegpb) nv dol `b dgldirfbf vmov vmb igdoi nlvbp{giovngl vbdmlnqrb nt jgpb
trnvo`ib nl dotbt xmbpb vmbpb nt o tmgpv polhb dinjovb eodvgp nlugiubf Vo`ib =,
Vmb jo}njrj bppgp nl Vo`ibt 0 vg 2 dol tmbf tgjb inhmv gl vmb ofuolvohbt olf fntofuolvohbt ge
fneebpblv jbvmgft, Nl oii vmb dotbt b}db{v egp OJTX) nl xmndm vmb vbj{bpovrpb {ovvbplt opb qrnvb
tjggvm) Anxoln tvovngl nt tmgxnlh vmb Jo}njrj Bppgp xmbl nlvbp{giovnlh xnvm igdoi jbvmgft, Vmnt
nt ovvpn`rvbf vg vmb iophb fntvoldbt olf fneebpbldbt nl tvovngl bibuovngl ge lbnhm`gpnlh tvovnglt epgj
Anxoln,
?5
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Vo`ib 51 Dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt egp dgj`nlbf nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf btvnjovbt, Vmb {opojbvbpt nl vmb
NFX nlvbp{giovngl opb -{gxbp) lrj`bp ge lbopbtv tvovnglt.,
Vo`ib 81 Tvovnglt rtbf nl vmb oloi~tnt ge Lgpvmbpl olf Jgltggl ebf opbot ge [ocntvol,
Vo`ib = , Dgj{opntgl ge dpgtt uoinfovngl vbtv pbtrivt egp Lgpvmbpl olf Jgltggl ebf opbot ge
[ocntvol, Vmb {opojbvbpt nl vmb NFXBD nlvbp{giovngl opb -{gxbp) lrj`bp ge lbopbtv tvovnglt.,
-o. Lgpvmbpl Opbot Jbol Jbol o`tgirvb Jo}njrj Pbt{bdvnub G`tbpubf'
bppgp-D. bppgp -D. bppgp -D. tvovngl [pbfndvbf P0
@odcxopf ;,62?4 ?,;;5> 0,084> Otvgp ;,==>?
NFXBD -;,2)=. *;,;>2? ;,>=?? *0,?>48 Dmnii ot ;,=5;>
-o. Jgltggl ebf opbo Jbol Jbol o`tgirvb Jo}njrj Pbt{bdvnub G`tbpubf'
bppgp-D. bppgp -D. bppgp -D. tvovngl [pbfndvbf P0
@odcxopf ;,5526 ?,?8=5 *0,=62> Cgvin ;,=5>?
NFXBD -;,2)4. *;,;;=0 ?,;?44 *6,;8;5 Cgvin ;,=2?;
?8
-o. NFX # TVB[XNTB Jbol Jbol o`tgirvb Jo}njrj Pbt{bdvnub G`tbpubf'
bppgp -D. bppgp -D. bppgp -D. tvovngl {pbfndvbf P0
OJJo}5 -;,2)4. ;,?25; 0,;?40 ?;,=>;8 Anxoln ;,2>>8
OJJnl? -;,2)=. ;,0;=2 ?,=862 =,?8;6 [btmoxop ;,5446
OJTT -;,2)4. ;,?6?5 ?,?=?2 5,4205 Anxoln ;,=4=2
OJTX -;,2)=. ;,?;25 ;,=522 0,54;; _rbvvo ;,>650
-`. NFX # @ODCXOPF Jbol Jbol o`tgirvb Jo}njrj Pbt{bdvnub G`tbpubf'
bppgp -D . bppgp -D . bppgp -D . tvovngl [pbfndvbfP0
OJJo}5 -;,2)4. ;,?55> 0,;?;6 8,8=>4 [btmoxop ;,52>5
OJJnl? -;,2)=. ;,0;=2 ?,=862 =,?8;6 [btmoxop ;,5446
OJTT -;,2)4. ;,?4?? ?,?0>> *6,8560 Dmniiot ;,=252
OJTX -;,2)=. ;,?;25 ;,=522 0,54;; _rbvvo ;,>650
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=, Dgldirtnglt
Xb dgj{opbf vmb igdoi nlvbp{giovngl o{{pgodm olf vmb jrivn{ib pbhpbttngl o{{pgodm egp bodm ge vmb
6 vbj{bpovrpb uopno`ibt xmndm opb Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jnlnjrj vbj{bpovrpb egp Aolrop~
-OJJnl?.) Oubpohbf Jglvmi~ Jo}njrj vbj{bpovrpb egp Arlb -OJJo}5.) Oubpohbf Jbol
Tbotgloi vbj{bpovrpb egp Trjjbp -OJTT. olf Oubpohbf Jbol Tbotgloi vbj{bpovrpb egp xnlvbp
-OJTX., Lglb ge vmb nlfnunfroi nlvbp{giovngl o{{pgodm {pgubf vg `b pg`rtv xnvm oii 6 vbj{bpovrpb
uopno`ibt, Egp vxg trjjbp uopno`ibt OJJo}5 olf OJTT) NFXBD nt {bpegpjnlh `btv `rv lgv `~
jrdm xmbl xb dgj{opb nv xnvm pbhpbttngl jbvmgf, Egp xnlvbp uopno`ibt OJJnl? olf OJTX) vmb
pbhpbttngl jbvmgf grv{io~t vmb {bpegpjoldb ge igdoi nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgf, Hnubl vmb tnj{indnv~ ge
pbhpbttngl jgfbit olf vmbnp {bpegpjoldb egp oii vmb egrp uopno`ibt) vmb~ dol `b o {pbebppbf dmgndb
egp vmb {rp{gtb ge vbj{bpovrpb nlvbp{giovngl nl [ocntvol,
Nv dol `b dgldirfbf vmov vmb pbhpbttngl jgfbit) xnvm vg{ghpo{mnd olf hbghpo{mndoi uopno`ibt opb
{pbfndvnlh vmb vbj{bpovrpbt `bvvbp vmol igdoi nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgft, Vmb @odcxopf Binjnlovngljbvmgf nl oii 6 dotbt nt grv{bpegpjnlh vmb Tvb{xntb pbhpbttngl jbvmgf, Nv xnii `b toeb vg to~ vmov
@odcxopf Binjnlovngl jbvmgf nt vmb `btv egp hblbpovnlh hnpfbf vbj{bpovrpb jo{t egp [ocntvol,
Mgxbubp) nv tmgrif `b bj{motnbf vmov vmb iophb bppgpt nl vmb oloi~tbt ge oii vmb nlvbp{giovngljbvmgft opb jonli~ ovvpn`rvbf vg vmb igx fbltnv~ ge jbvbgpgighndoi tvovnglt xmndm eoiit tmgpv `~ jgpb
vmol ol gpfbp ge johlnvrfb) ge jnlnjrj pbqrnpbjblv pbdgjjblfbf `~ XJG,
?=
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Pbebpbldbt
@g} BG) Dprj{odcbp FX) Mopfnl BF) ?>>43 O dinjovnd jgfbi egp igdovngl ge {iolv t{bdnbt nl
Eigpnfo, RTO, A @nghbghp 0;1 50>*566,
Fgftgl P) Jopct F) ?>>83 Foni~ onp vbj{bpovrpb nlvbp{giovbf ov mnhm t{ovnoi pbtgirvngl gubp o iophb
jgrlvonlgrt pbhngl, Dinj Pbt =1 ?0;,
Hggfoib DI) O`bp AF) Giinlhbp TU) ?>>=3 Jo{{nlh jglvmi~ {pbdn{nvovngl) vbj{bpovrpb) olf tgiop
pofnovngl egp Npbiolf xnvm {gi~lgjnoi pbhpbttngl olf o fnhnvoi bibuovngl jgfbi, Dinj Pbt ?;1 42*6>,
Mgifoxo~ JP) ?>>53 T{ovnoi jgfbinlh olf nlvbp{giovngl ge jglvmi~ vbj{bpovrpb rtnlh cpnhnlh,
Dinj Pbt 51 0?2*002,
Mrftgl H) Xodcbplohbi M) ?>>63 Jo{{nlh vbj{bpovrpb rtnlh cpnhnlh xnvm b}vbploi fpnev1 vmbgp~
olf ol b}oj{ib epgj Tdgviolf, Nlv ADinjovgi?6188*>?,
Mrijb J) Dglxo~ F) Aglbt [F) Anolh V) @oppgx BJ) Vrplb~ D) ?>>23 Dgltvprdvngl geo ?>5?*
?>>; Brpg{bol dinjovgigh~ egp dinjovb dmolhb jgfbinlh olf nj{odv o{{indovnglt, Nlv A Dinjovgi
?21?444*?454,
Crpvjol F) Cofjgl P) ?>>>3 Jo{{nlh ge vbj{bpovrpb uopno`ibt nl Ntpobi1 o dgj{opntgl ge fneebpblv
nlvbp{giovngl jbvmgft, Dinj Pbt ?41 44*64Inlfto~ TX) [optgl I) Vmgjot DA) ?>>=3 Jo{{nlh vmb polhbt olf pbiovnub o`rlfoldb ge vmb vxg
{pnldn{oi Oepndol joiopno ubdvgpt) Olg{mbibt hoj`nob tbltrt tvpndvg olf Ol*opo`nbltnt) rtnlh dinjovb
fovo, [pgd P Tgd Iglf Tbp @ @ngN Tdn 052 -?4>>.1=68*=26,
Lgprtnt'T[TT Nld) ?>>43 Jrivn{ib inlbop pbhpbttngl, Nl1 T[TT egp Xnlfgxt, @otb T~tvbj Rtbp(t
Hrnfb, Pbibotb 5,;) Dmndohg) { 44=*42;,
[bpp~ J) Mgiint F) 0;;63 vmb hblbpovngl ge jglvmi~ hpnffbf fovotbvt egp o polhb ge dinjovnd
uopno`ibt gubp vmb Rlnvbf Cnlhfgj, Jolrtdpn{v ?=,
Pbbt H) Dgiinlt FL) 0;;63 TOHOPJOVMO1 Ol ottbttjblv ge vmb {gvblvnoi nj{odvt g
fbhiodnovngl gl vmb xovbp pbtgrpdbt ge Mnjoio~o, FENF COP [pgabdv Lg, P8>=;,
Tdmpbnfbp T^) Xmbvvgl [M) Aocbjol OA) [npvgdc O@) ?>>83 Prlgee jgfbinlh egp tlgx*oeebdvbf
dovdmjblvt nl vmb Ortvpoinol oi{nlb pbhngl) botvbpl Undvgpno, A M~fpgi 0;;-?*6.1 ?*04,
Vmnbttbl OM) ?>??3 [pbdn{nvovngl Oubpohbt egp Iophb Opbot, Jgl, Xbo, Pbu,) 4>) ?;=0*?;=6,
Xniijgvv DA) Jovtrrpo C| ?>>23 Tjopv nlvbp{giovngl ge ollroii~ oubpohbf onp vbj{bpovrpb nl vmb
Rlnvbf Tvovbt, A O{{i Jbvbgpg?4610288*02=5,
?>
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Hig`oi Dmolhb Nj{odv Tvrfnbt Dblvpb
-HDNTD.
Hig`oi dmolhb tdnbldb nt `bnlh ohhpbttnubi~ {rptrbf opgrlf vmb xgpif, Vmb Hig`oi DmolhbNj{odv Tvrfnbt Dblvpb xot dpbovbf nl Jo~ 0;;0 vg nlnvnovb vmnt jrivnfntdn{inlop~ beegpv nl
[ocntvol, Vmb jonl g`abdvnub ge vmb Dblvpb nt vg dgj{pbmblf vmb {mblgjblgl ge hig`oi dmolhb)tdnblvnendoii~ fbvbpjnlb nvt incbi~ nj{odvt gl uopngrt tgdng*bdglgjnd tbdvgpt nl [ocntvol olffbubig{ tvpovbhnbt vg dgrlvbp vmb ofubptb beebdvt) ne ol~, Olgvmbp erldvngl ge vmb Dblvpb nt vg
btvo`intm nvtbie ot o lovngloi egdoi {gnlv egp {pgunfnlh dgmbtngl vg hig`oi dmolhb pbiovbf odvnunvnbtov vmb lovngloi ibubi olf egp inlcnlh nv xnvm nlvbplovngloi hig`oi pbtbopdm, Ol nj{gpvolv erldvngl
ge vmb Dblvpb nt vg mbi{ fbubig{ jol{gxbp vmov nt do{o`ib ge tvrf~nlh olf {opvndn{ovnlh nl vmbnlvbplovngloi beegpv vg tvrf~ vmb hig`oi dmolhb {mblgjblgl, Vmb Dblvpb oi ; xgpct vg nldpbotb vmb
oxopblbtt ge vmb {r`ind) vmb tdnblvnend dgjjrlnv~ olf vmb {gind~ {iollbpt nl vmb dgrlvp~ vg
hig`oi dmolhb,
Hig`oi Dmolhb Nj{odv Tvrfnbt Dblvpb -HDNTD.Lovngloi Dblvpb egp [m~tndt - LD[. Dgj{ib}
_ronf*n*Oqoj Rlnubptnv~ Doj{rt
[,G, @g} 4;00) Ntiojo`of
[ocntvol
Vbib{mglb1 -#>0*2?. >04;005 * = ) 0;884=5
Eo}1 -#>0*2?. 0;884=2
B*joni1 hdntdKdgjtovt,lbv,{c
Xb`1 xxx,hdntd,gph,{c