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COMPUTER EDUCATION 9
MODULE 2The Internet and the Web
Prepared By: Engr. Jeremy M. Flores
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
In 1962, J.C.R. Licklider of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) proposed
a global network of computers for research and
development in scientific and military fields.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Licklider moved to Defense Advanced Research Project
Agency (DARPA) in late 1962 to head the work to
develop the global network of computers.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Leonard Kleinrock of MIT developed the theory of packet switching, which
was the basis for Internet connections.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Lawrence Roberts of MIT connected a Massachusetts computer with a California
computer in1965 over a dial-up telephone lines,
which showed the feasibility of WAN.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Kleinrock’s packet switching theory was confirmed.
Roberts moved over DARPA in 1966 and developed
ARPANET.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
ARPANET
Advanced Research Project Agency Network
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
The Internet, then known as the ARPANET, was brought
online in1969 initially connected four major
computers in universities in the Southwestern US.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
University of California in Los Angeles
University of California in Santa Barbara
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
University of Utah
Stanford Research Institute
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Charley Kline at UCLA sent the first packets on
ARPANET as he tried to connect to Stanford
Research Institute on 29 October 1969.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Email was adapted for ARPANET by Ray Tomlinson in 1972. He picked the @ symbol to link username
and address.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
The telnet protocol was published as a Request for Comments (RFC) in 1972 to share developmental work
throughout community.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) was published as an RFC in 1973. RFC became available to anyone who
had use of the FTP.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Ethernet, a protocol for many local networks,
appeared in 1974. It is an outgrowth of Harvard
Student Bob Metcalfe’s dissertation on Packet
Networks.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
The Internet matured in the 70s as a result of the TCP/IP Architecture proposed and developed by Bob Kahn and
Vint Cerf at Stanford Research Institute.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
The TCP/IP was adopted by Defense Department in
1980 to replace the Network Control Protocol
(NCP) and universally adopted by 1983.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
In 1986, the National Science Foundation
funded NSFNet as a cross country 56 Kbps backbone
for the Internet.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
The National Science Foundation maintained
their sponsorship for nearly a decade, setting rules for
its non-commercial government and research
uses.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee proposed a new protocol
for information distribution at the Center for European Nuclear Research (CERN) in
Switzerland.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
This protocol, which was based on hypertext (a
system embedding links in text to link to other text) became the World Wide
Web in 1991.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
In 1991, the really first friendly interface to the
Internet was developed at the University of
Minnesota.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Prior to the Web, the Internet was all text, no graphics, no animations, no sound, or no video.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
The development in 1993 of the graphical browser Mosaic
by Marc Andreessen at the National Center for
Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) gave the protocol its
big boost.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Andreessen became the brains behind Netscape Corp., which produce the most successful
graphical type of browser and server until Microsoft declared
war and developed its Microsoft Internet Explorer.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Delphi was the first national commercial online service to offer Internet access to its subscriber. It opened up an
email connection in July 1992 and full Internet service in
November 1992.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
The first generation of the Web, known as Web 1.0,
focused on linking existing information.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
In 2001, the second generation, Web 2.0,
evolved to support more dynamic content creation
and social interaction.
HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Web 3.0 focuses on computer generated
information requiring less human interaction to locate and integrate information.
THE INTERNET VS. THE WEB
The Internet is the actual network.
It is made up of wires, cables, satellites, and rules for exchanging information.
THE INTERNET VS. THE WEB
Being connected to this network is often described
as being ONLINE.
THE INTERNET VS. THE WEB
The Web is a multimedia interface to the resources
throughout the world.
THE INTERNET VS. THE WEB
Most Common Uses
CommunicationShoppingSearching
Education / E-LearningEntertainment