Competency-Based Training Solutions

in a non-standardized world

APATSSeptember 2009

Capt. Kris Van den BerghVice-President Pilot Provisioning

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Problem Definition

We fly safe airplanes

We are part of an industry that has established an expectation of safety in the traveling public.

Our airplanes are well designed.

The technology engineered into today’s aircraft substantially increases crew situational awareness and reduces crew workload.

Training methods and supporting evaluation criteria, in our view, are challenged to keep pace.

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Problem Definition

- 20%

FAA US Data

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Problem Definition

+ 50%

FAA US Data

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Problem Definition

+ 70%

FAA US Data

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Problem Definition

The primary response, thus far, has been to increase the prescriptive hourly requirements, required maneuvers, and testing processes necessary for qualification.

There have been structural improvements:► Improvements to Training Tools & Products (Technology)

► Advanced Qualification Proficiency (AQP) Training

► ITQI Initiatives (Instructor Training & Evidenced Based Training)

► Maturing Threat and Error Management (TEM) Programs

We are still challenged to advance our training and evaluation methods in the international aviation community.

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Competency-Based Training

One possible solution is competency based training and assessment.

BenchmarkedStandards

TrainingProgress

Hours& Maneuvers

TrainingProgress

Proficiencyin classic

training program

?

Proficiencyin proficiency-based

training program

Competency based training:► Places emphasis on achieving benchmarked standards of

performance throughout the training, or► Is training that focuses on what a person will do in the workplace after

completing a program of training.

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Competency-Based Training

Most modern military training is competency based.

Application to civil flight training is relatively new & limited.

Only achievable if the principles of the Instructional Systems Design process are well understood and successfully applied.

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Competency-Based Training

Existing prescriptive training programs confirmconfirm that a trainee has obtained the knowledge and mastered the skills associated with a given task by a final test or progress test.

Competency based programs, by design, mandate the continuous assessment of KSA competencies against benchmarked standards using a Learning Management System and other tools to ensure the continuous maturation of trainees as they progress through a given program of instruction.

The question before us…

is competency based training realistically achievablein today’s global aviation community?

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Competency-Based Training

Is standardization in a non-standardized world possible?

Can we develop competency based training standards that complement and improve our current training initiatives and priorities?

We believe it is feasible if we conform to several features that are the basis of competency based training and assessment.

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Competency Based Training Features

A Comprehensive Aircrew Selection Process.

Aviation English Language (AEL) Training

Competency Based Training and Assessment► Underlying instructional systems design process► Competency based training environment

Benchmarked standards of performance, focused on the end goal Integration of theoretical and practical skills Supporting training materials Satisfactory completion of training is only based on the achievement of all specified

competencies► Training emphasis on the crew► LOFT/scenario based training predominates► Integrated CRM/TEM

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Competency Based Training Features

Practical and Theoretical Training► Competencies precisely defined► Cumulatively provide the theoretical and practical competencies of an

ATPL holder qualified to operate a multi-engine, turbine powered, pressurized airplane in all possible operational environments.

► Windshear, CFIT, Upset, and recovery from energy critical maneuvers required.

► CRM/TEM attitudinal competencies trained in a mission context.

► FSTD’s provide the fidelities necessary to train competency based objectives.

► Training providers tasked with coordinating specific regulatory requirements with the National Authority.

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Competency Based Training Features

Instructional Competencies

► Defined for each phase.► Confirmed by the supporting quality system.► Formally assessed.

Program Oversight

► Confirmation of the ATO’s training processes.► Confirmation of the ATO’s quality system.► Review of the ATO’s risk indicators previously identified in the risk

profile.► Assessment of training fidelity (courseware, instruction, FSTD’s).

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Competency Based Training Features

Testing

► Comprehensive assessment of developing ATPL knowledge and skills.

► PF and PNF/PM.► Evaluation standards connected to existing/future technologies.

Data Collection and Analysis

► Absolutely essential to assure competency development.► ICAO data collection recommendations provide a good start.► Data collection should extend through release to the line and the first

year of operational experience to validate the training process.

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CAE Initiatives

Our Proposed MPL program and existing ATPL training programs incorporate competency based training features.

Examples:► CASS► Standard Proficiency Objectives► Robust quality systems

Providing TO’s with a set of priorities that support day-to-day operations, augment safety initiatives, reveal latent threats to the organization, confirm program execution and instructor proficiency, and provide long term action items.

Comprehensive and fully integrated planning & data collection system

CAE Global Flight Operations Manual

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CAE Initiatives

Airline/Customer Coordination► Training expectations/special needs.► Traditional or AQP?► Cadet selection.► Coordination of extended data collection requirements.► Coordination with sponsoring airline’s NAA inspector.

National Authority Coordination► Many ICAO recommended training standards are tasked to NAAs.► They include ATO Certification Requirements, Quality System

Requirements, and SMS requirements.

End goal is improved training fidelity that fully utilizes advanced training methods & technologies.

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Thank You