COMPILED)QUESTIONS)FROM)JER’S)RTPC)NOTES)200662013)!!RT1)–)2006)!

1. Definition!of!LWMO?!(Takeoffs!RVR<400m,!Landings!RVR<550m).)2. How!do!you!know!if!the!aircraft!is!LWMO!qualified?!(It!always!is!unless!there!are!

any!outstanding!PADD,!MEL,!maintenance!items!etc).)3. What!do!we!need!for!conducting!an!LWMO!approach?!Qualified!crew,!capable!

aircraft,!airport!authority!approval!(ie.!LVP!procedures!in!force!at!airport).)4. Approval!to!operate!LWMO!also!comes!from!port!pages.)5. If!LWMO!and!we!require!a!takeoff!alternate,!what!are!the!considerations?!

(Reference!items!in!Vol!2.!Pt.!2!pg.!1R4R3!and!FCTM!4.13))6. LVP!taxiway!lighting!–!green!and!yellow!from!centerline!to!turnRoff!and!become!

all!green!once!clear!of!ILS!sensitive!areas.)7. Is!it!a!requirement!to!call!“runway!vacated”!during!LVP?!Yes.!Call!vacated!once!

clear!of!ILS!critical!area.!(See!Hong!Kong!Jepp!Plate!10R9A).)8. Important!note:!On!the!Hong!Kong!Jepp!Plate!10R9A!if!you!read!the!fine!print!

under!CAT!II/III!operations!the!RWY!25R!designated!taxiways!are!listed!as!A1!or!A4.!However,!I!flew!my!RT!with!Alan!Taylor!who!said!that!this!is!not!entirely!correct;!it!will!soon!be!changed!and!that!we!are!authorized!to!use!A6!(Note!for!Captains:!As!you!will!probably!exit!here!on!your!RT!session!landing!RWY!25R).)

9. What’s!the!definition!of!FAIL!PASSIVE!vs.!FAIL!OPERATIONAL?!(Reference!FCTM!6.8).)

10. What!are!the!ILS!protected!areas!(rate!of!coverage)!during!LVP?!(Ref.!Vol!2!Pt.!2!pg!1R4R10).!For!Glideslope?!For!Localizer?)

11. The!typical!approach!ban!LWMO!quiz!questions….can!we!proceed,!etc.!Note,!if!stopRend!RVR!is!listed!as!“not!serviceable”!or!“not!available”!we!can!still!proceed!–!it!is!of!advisory!nature!only.)

12. TCAS!questions.!Know!difference!between!RA!(20R30secs),!TA!(25R45secs),!Proximate!(6miles!/!1200’!relative!alt),!Other!traffic!(7R40!miles,!relative!altitude!1201’!–!7000’)!symbology/differences.!TCAS!in!NORM!info!comes!from!ADIRU,!ALT!comes!from!SAARU.!Coverage!is!always!2700’!in!Above!or!Below!–!extends!up!or!down!to!7000’!respectively!in!Above/Below.)

!!PC1)–)2006)!

1. How!much!SNOW!can!you!have!on!the!wings?!(Bit!misleading!“trick”!question).!2. How!much!SNOW!can!you!have!on!the!fuselage?!3. What!is!the!definition!of!icing!conditions?!4. What!are!the!snow!bank!height!limits!for!a!runway!cleared!width!of!200!feet?!

(36!in).!Cleared!width!of!150!feet?!(12!in).!Where!can!you!find!this!information?!Vol.!2!Pt.!2!pg.!3R2R2!

!!RT2)–)2006)!

The!session!starts!off!with!an!old!actual!TAF!from!KJFK!showing!how!nasty!the!weather!can!deteriorate!over!a!short!period.!Some!discussion!may!arise!regarding!the!“FZFG”!(freezing!fog)!in!the!TAF.!Q:!What!should!you!check!before!dispatch?!A:!!Check!FCOM!3!for!any!bulletins!regarding!operations!in!freezing!fog.!(If!you!still!have!your!manuals!have!a!read!on!Bulletin!CATR66R1!for!ice!shedding!procedures!for!RR!engines!in!FZFG).!Note:!I!didn’t!get!this!question!on!my!RT!but!some!guys!did.!!Q:!What!are!the!standard!airfield!lighting!colors!at!airports,!esp.!during!LVP?!A:!Just!know!the!standard!lighting!colors:!Taxiway!edge!lights!(blue),!runway!centerline!lights!white!until!900m!from!end,!alternating!red!&!white!thereafter,!until!300m!where!they!all!become!red.!!LVP!taxiway!exits!are!yellow!&!green!and!then!become!all!green!when!clear!of!the!ILS!critical!area.!!Then!they’ll!throw!you!several!scenarios!where!you!must!use!the!MEL.!Scenario:!EICAS!Msg:!GND!PROX!SYS!Q:!Can!you!depart!/!be!dispatched!LWMO?!A:!Consult!MEL!ref.!34R46R1!can!still!go!LWMO.!!Q:!An!EICAS!status!Msg:!ILS!L!appears,!can!you!go?!A:!Consult!MEL!ref.!34R31R1!it!is!a!no!go.!Left!ILS!must!be!serviceable.!(Even!though!note!2!in!the!operations!notes!provides!guidance!if!it!is!inoperative.!It!must!be!repaired.)!!Q:!An!EICAS!Msg:![]!ILS!ANTENNA!appears,!can!you!depart!LWMO?!A:!Consult!MEL!ref.!34R31R1,!34R31R2,!and!34R31R3.!Cross!referencing!the!QRH,!It!assumes!two!antennas!are!inop.!You!can!still!depart.!Check!to!ensure!you!may!require!the!use!of!a!Takeoff!Alternate!and!double!check!the!weather.!!Q:!!How!far!can!the!takeoff!alternate!be?!A:!!Within!400!nm!for!the!777.!!Q:!Your!altimeter!is!showing!900!feet!BARO!on!descent!to!land!and!you!have!an!EICAS:!NO!AUTOLAND!+!ILS!ANTENNA!+!SINGLE!SOURCE!ILS!displayed,!can!you!continue?!A:!!Must!goRaround!or!land!if!visual.!This!refers!to!Vol2Pt2!Company!Policy!pg.!1R4R7!paragraph!4.9!Equipment!Deterioration.!Remember!if!it!is!an!EQUIPMENT!failure!below!1000’!you!must!goRaround!unless!you!are!visual.!!!PC2)–)2006)!PC!QUESTIONS:!Q:!!Can!we!deRice!with!the!engines/APU!running?!A:!!Only!if!absolutely!necessary!or!required.!(eg.!On!outer!bays,!such!as!ICN!where!no!ground!power!is!available,!etc).!!Consult!FCOM!3!!Q:!!What!must!be!considered!when!deRicing!with!APU!running?!A:!!Ensure!packs!are!off,!APU!bleed!off!(once!APU!is!started)!!Q:!!Where!do!you!find!guidance/this!information?!A:!!FCOM!3!Supplementary!Procedures!!Q:!!After!deRicing!how!long!should!you!wait!before!selecting!the!PACKS!back!on?!A:!!1!minute.!

!Q:!!After!deRicing!what!is!the!time!limit!for!engine!runRup?!A:!!This!is!a!poorly!written!question,!may!have!some!discussion!just!to!clarify!what!exactly!the!question!is!asking,!but!they’re!looking!for!the!50%!N1!runRup!momentarily,!intervals!no!greater!than!60!mins.!Refer!to!FCOM!3.!!Q:!!After!deRicing!IN!FLIGHT,!you!have!one!engine!high!vib.!2.5!what!should!you!do?!A:!!Recommended!reduce!thrust!to!idle!for!5!sec,!then!back!to!normal.!If!vib.!Does!not!go!away!increase!thrust!to!90%!N1!then!back!to!normal!and!reassess.!Should!shed!the!engine!ice.!FCOM!3!SP.16.6.!!!RT3)–)2007)!Questions!(For!the!777!guys,!use!the!B744!figures!in!the!Port!Pages):!!

1. NOTAM!at!FRA:! R!HIRL!OOS!UFN!and!VIS!200M!R!!ILS!25R!AWAITING!FLIGHT!CHECK!

!Can!you!still!takeoff?!!Yes.!!As!long!as!all!3!RVR’s!are!available!reference!FRA!Port!Pages!pg.!7,!all!you!need!is!RL!and!CL!and!can!use!the!(200m).!!As!for!“awaiting!flight!check”!refer!to!Vol.!2!Pt.!2!page!1R4R10!paragraph!9.3.!!It!is!still!operational.!

!2. Given!taxi!instructions:!!“Taxi!on!N!Orange!and!D!to!Cat!III!Holding!Point?”!Can!you!

accept?!!No.!!Due!wingspan!limitation.!!On!FRA!Jepp.!Chart!10R9B!the!dashed!(RRR)!taxi!guidance!lines!are!limited!to!aircraft!with!118’/36m!max!wingspan.!!Also!on!Jepp.!Chart!10R1P2!paragraph!1.4.1!the!limitation!is!also!noted.!The!777!has!a!wingspan!of!199’11”!(60.9m).!

3. Can!you!cross!the!amber!yellow!clearance!bars?!!Yes,!unless!instructed!to!hold!you!can!cross!without!a!specific!clearance.!!Reference!Jepp.!Chart!10R1P2!paragraph!1.3.1.2!Clearance!Bars.!

4. The!following!slides!depict!what!lights!you!need!to!see!at!minimums!for!the!following!types!of!LWMO!approaches.!!All!answers!are!referenced!from!the!table!in!Vol.!2!Pt.!2!pg.!1R4R6.!R!!Cat!2:!! ! Approach!environment!and!threshold!R!!Cat!3A:! ! 3!centerline!lights!R!!Cat!3B!with!D/H:! 1!centerline!light!R!!Cat!3B:! ! Not!required!

5. At!1500’!on!approach!to!FRA!CAT3B!approach!the!RVR!is!reported!at!75m!all!zones!can!you!land?!!You!can!continue!to!1000’!AAL!(which!is!around!1400’!on!your!altimeter)!and!must!go!around!if!no!improvement.!

6. What!if!the!above!occurs!when!you’re!at!1200’!on!the!approach?!Continue!to!minimas!and!probably!to!a!landing!even!though!the!RVR’s!are!below!minima.!

7. RVR!200m!aircraft!at!1500’!with!“NO!LAND!3”!displayed?!!Yes.!You!can!revert!to!Cat!3A.!!!PC3)–)2007)!Then!comes!the!standard!icing!questions:!!

1. What!are!the!takeoff!limits!for!ice!and!snow!on!the!leading!edges?!Free!and!clear!of!ice/snow.!

2. How!much!frost!is!allowed!on!the!lower!wing?!!Light!coatings!of!frost!1/8”!(3mm)!due!to!cold!soaked!fuel.!

3. After!deRicing!and!before!takeoff,!what!precautions!must!be!made?!!A!visual!inspection!from!the!cabin!must!be!made.!!We!were!also!asked!an!aside:!Do!you!know!exactly!what!you!are!looking!for?!

4. How!much!snow!is!allowed!on!the!fuselage!and!aircraft!surfaces?!!The!correct!answer!is!NONE.!!It’s!a!poorly!written!trick!question.!!The!operative!word!here!is!snow.!!So!the!correct!answer!is!NONE.!!But!as!you!know!then!it!goes!on!to!say!that!“thin!hoarfrost!is!acceptable!on!the!upper!surface!of!the!fuselage!provided!all!vents!and!ports!are!clear.”!

5. After!landing!in!dry!snow!the!OAT!is!R20°c!must!you!use!ENG!ANTIRICE?!!Yes.!!EAI!must!be!used!whenever!icing!conditions!exist.!

6. What!is!the!restriction!for!JET!A!fuel!temp?!JET!A!freeze!point!is!R40°c.!!When!fuel!tank!temp!is!+3°c!above!freezing,!descend,!increase!Mach,!or!divert!to!Honolulu!(warmer!air!mass).!!An!interesting!note!was!brought!up:!A!notice!has!come!out!to!the!check/trainers!that!the!777!is!not!as!susceptible!to!fuel!freeze!problems!bec.!of!our!single!large!center!wing!tank.!!Also,!over!the!polar!regions,!warmer!air!may!be!found!by!climbing!rather!than!descending.!

!!RT4)–)2007)!Then!it’s!straight!into!the!questions,!mostly!dealing!with!LWMO.!!!

• What!is!LWMO!for!takeoff?!RVR!less!than!400m!• What!is!LWMO!for!landing?!RVR!less!than!550m!

!There!is!a!brief!slide!from!the!Table!in!Vol!2!Pt.!2!pg.!1R4R6!of!the!Landing!minima,!RVR!and!Visual!Reference!Requirements:!!CAT 2 100 ft. DH 350m (Min touchdown RVR) CAT 3A 50 ft. DH 200m CAT 3B (w/DH, !@#% French) 15/22 ft. DH 125m CAT 3B (rest of the world) 0 ft. DH 100m !Other!Questions:!!

• Where!is!the!LVP/LWMO!takeoff!minima!found?!Port!pages.!• What!do!the!RVR!in!brackets!mean?!All!3!RVR’s!must!be!available!to!use.!• Can!you!factor!visibility!for!takeoff?!No.!Only!at!the!preRflight!stage!you!can.!• When!do!you!need!a!takeoff!alternate?!If!weather!at!departure!is!below!landing!

minima!for!the!approach!to!be!used!you!must!have!one!within!400!nm!for!777!(twinRengine!aircraft).!

• ATC!says!CAT!2!procedures!are!in!use!only.!Can!you!plan!a!CAT!3!approach?!No.!• Can!you!plan!an!LWMO!approach!with!a!manual!landing?!No.!(The!operative!

word!is!“plan.”)!• On!a!CAT!2!or!3!approach!which!RVR’s!are!limiting?!Normally!touchdown!and!

midpoint.!However,!in!the!USA!if!only!two!are!available,!touchdown!and!rollout!are!controlling!and!the!rollout!should!be!considered!as!a!midRpoint!reading.!

• What!should!you!be!alert!to!if!ATC!cancels!LVP?!Be!alert!to!various!loss!of!protections,!etc.!esp.!in!the!ILS!critical!areas.!

!

Another!slide!follows!with!3!approach!ban!scenarios!based!on!landing!in!Kansai.!Check!answers!with!KIX!Port!Pages.!The!answers!are:!

1. No.!(Check!RVR’s!on!Port!Pages)!2. Yes.!(On!approach!below!1000’!and!RVR!drops!below!required.!You!can!continue!

down!to!minimas)!3. No.!(The!visibility!seems!fine!however!the!winds!for!landing!Runway!24!are!

150/30.!This!30!kt!crosswind!exceeds!the!maximum!allowable!wind!speed!when!conducting!an!LWMO!autoland.!(Limitations!Section:!Max!crosswind!uncontaminated!is!25!kts).!

!Finally!some!discussion!topics!which!will!be!covered!in!the!‘training’!portion!of!the!sim!are!discussed.!!Have!a!good!look!at!the!BEST!PRACTICE!PowerPoint!presentations!to!refresh!your!memory.!!Among!them!are:!

1. A!discussion!on!TCAS!RA!climb!event!if!above!optimum!and!near!maximum!altitude.!!If!TCAS!II!is!doing!its!stuff!and!you!fail!to!respond!to!the!RA,!it!should!DOUBLE!the!protection!on!the!intruder’s!TCAS!RA!event!hopefully!commanding!him!to!respond!more!urgently.!!The!point!was!brought!up!that!you!may!want!to!advance!the!thrust!as!much!as!possible!before!you!need!to!maneuver!to!avoid!the!intruder!to!give!you!some!additional,!albeit!little,!protection!in!the!event!you!need!to!climb.!Respect!the!yellow!hockey!stick.!!Regardless,!this!situation!is!not!a!good!position!to!be!in.!!

2. A!discussion!on!CABIN!ALTITUDE!and!EMERGENCY!DESCENT!procedures!with!the!advice!to!set!Mach!.86!(for!the!777R200)!and!then!transition!to!325!KIAS.!The!slide!used!comes!straight!from!Best!Practice.!

3. A!discussion!on!ENG!FAIL!in!cruise!and!E/O!drift!down.!If!you’re!in!the!sim!with!R.!Clark!he!brings!up!a!good!point.!If!at!or!near!your!maximum!altitude!and!your!engine!failure!requires!you!to!accomplish!any!immediate!Recall!Items,!in!his!opinion!it!is!prudent!(and!worked!well!for!us!in!practice)!to!first!immediately!select!V/S!R1000!FPM!and!then!accomplish!the!recalls.!Otherwise!for!nonRrecall!emergencies!just!go!straight!into!the!checklist!and!manage!the!engineRout!drift!down!once!the!engine!is!secured.!!Also!came!the!question!of!why!we!still!need!to!push!the!CON!thrust!button.!Now!that!we’ve!changed!the!CRZ!thrust!setting!to!CLB!it’s!not!really!necessary!however!they!still!suggest!you!do!it.!

!!PC4)–)2007)!

• What!is!the!definition!of!icing?!Standard!answer:!10°C!or!colder,!visible!moisture!present,!standing!water,!cloud,!rain,!fog!(visibility!of!1!mile!or!less)!etc.!

• What!should!you!do!if!your!Holdover!time!has!expired?!Visual!inspection!from!the!cabin!is!required!prior!to!takeoff.!

• Where!can!you!find!the!Japanese!domestic!snowtams?!!Vol!2!Pt.!2!and!AERAD.!Dispatch!may!also!have!a!copy.!!

• Temperature!is!R20°C!for!engine!start!and!the!GEN!fault!light!illuminates.!What!could!be!the!cause?!Cold!oil!in!the!CSD.!Allow!1R5!minutes!for!oil!to!warm!up.!Don’t!shutdown!your!APU!prematurely.!

• Approaching!inRflight!fuel!freeze!point…what!can!you!do?!!Divert!to!warmer!air,!increase!speed,!or!descend!(in!polar!regions!may!be!prudent!to!climb!to!warmer!air).!

!!RT5)–)2008)!The!LWMO!questions!follow:!!

1. Q:!!Dubai!takeoff!RVR!(A/B/C!(touchdown/midpoint/rollout,!see!port!pages)!is!200/200/200!meters!all!zones.!!Do!we!require!a!takeoff!alternate?!A:!!Yes.!It!is!below!even!CAT!II!minimums!(See!DXB!Rwy!12L!Jepp!plate!11R1)!

!2. Q:!!The!weather!in!Sharjah!is!not!so!bad!but!still!at!CAT!II!minimas.!!Can!we!use!

this!as!a!takeoff!alternate?!A:!!No.!The!Takeoff!alternate!must!be!at!least!Cat!I.!

!3. Q:!!Aircraft!is!above!1000’!on!approach!into!DXB!ILS!12L!CAT!II.!!RVR’s!reported!

are!500/400/xxx.!Tower!reports!TDZ!are!out.!!Can!we!continue?!A:!!Again,!this!is!a!poorly!worded!question!because!they!mention!it’s!a!CAT!II!approach!but!what!they’re!trying!to!trick!you!on!is!the!CAT!I!requirement!of!at!least!720m!RVR!with!TDZ!lighting!U/S.!!(See!DXB!Jepp!plate!11R1!RNAV!ILS!Rwy!12L!and!the!min.!vis.!requirements!if!TDZ!lights!are!out.)!So,!the!answer!is!you!must!have!at!least!720m!RVR!if!the!TDZ!lights!are!out…but!that’s!for!CAT!I.!

!4. Q:!!In!DXB!if!touchdown!(A!zone)!RVR!is!350m,!midpoint!(B!zone)!RVR!is!200m,!

and!no!rollout!(C!zone)!available!can!we!continue?!A:!!Yes.!!Check!port!pages!as!well!as!table!in!Vol!2!Pt.!2!pg.!1R4R6!–!Rollout!RVR!is!of!advisory!nature!only.!

!5. Q:!!LVP!in!force.!!Can!you!arm!the!localizer!on!an!ILS!approach!when!you!are!30!

NM!out?!A:!!Yes.!!But!you!must!realize!you!are!not!protected.!See!localizer!protections!as!well!as!glideslope!protections!in!Vol!2!Pt!2!pg.!1R4R10.!!Be!aware!of!false!capture/signals!since!you!are!outside!of!ICAO!certified!coverage.!

!6. Q:!!In!the!case!above,!how!can!we!manage!this?!

A:!!Maintain!good!situational!awareness,!use!raw!data!or!other!navaids!on!the!ND!

!7. Q:!!In!DXB!you!see!3!amber!lights!across!a!taxiway!centerline,!do!you!have!to!

stop!at!them?!A:!!No,!not!unless!instructed!by!ATC!to!do!so.!!See!DXB!Jepp!airport!information!plate!10R9B,!last!paragraph.!

!!PC5)–)2008)!The!PC!questions!cover!typical!coldRweather!operation!scenarios.!!Some!questions!may!vary!but!they!pretty!much!are!as!follows:!!

1. Q:!!When!using!holdover!times,!do!we!use!the!longer!or!shorter!time!limit?!

A:!!Shorter.!!

2. Q:!!Where!do!we!find!Japan!snowtam!decode!information?!A:!!Vol!2!Part!2!or!AERAD.!Sometimes!in!the!flight!file!given!by!dispatch.!

!3. Q:!!When!taxiing!on!slush,!ice!and/or!snow!covered!taxiways!when!should!you!

extend!flaps!for!takeoff!and!what!do!you!do!differently?!A:!!Probably!at!the!holding!point.!!Do!not!action!the!BEFORE!TAKEOFF!CHECKLIST!until!flaps!are!in!the!takeoff!setting.!

!4. Q:!!When!should!you!use!wing!antiRice!during!takeoff!and!landing?!

A:!!During!takeoff!after!the!flaps!have!been!retracted.!!During!landing,!before!extending!flaps!during!the!approach.!Ie.!Preferably!use!when!clean.!

!5. Q:!!Do!the!VHF!antennas!have!any!antiRice!feature?!What!should!you!do!if!you!

encounter!icing?!A:!!No,!they!are!not!heated.!!Speed!up.!Use!another!radio!to!transmit/receive.!

!6. Q:!!Dispatch!with!a!WAI!valve!failed.!!Forecast!severe!icing!exists!at!FL300.!What!

should!you!do?!A:!!ReRroute,!fly!lower!and/or!remain!below!FL300!–!but!the!best!thing!to!do!is!get!the!problem!fixed!prior!to!departure!!

!Just!an!aside:!!For!the!777!guys!there!were!also!some!questions!on!fan!ice!removal!procedures.!!Know!the!difference!between!the!777R200/300!and!the!R300ER.!(For!R200/300!idle!thrust!for!5!seconds!then!90%!N1!momentarily.!!For!the!R300ER!it!is!70%!N1!for!10R30!seconds!ever!15!minutes.!!!RT6)–)2008)!The!LWMO!questions!follow:!!

1. Q:!!If!the!weather!at!your!destination!is!forecast!to!be!LWMO,!what!are!some!things!you!should!consider?!A:!!Aircraft!serviceability,!crew!qualifications,!airport!LVP!procedures!available/enforce,!extra!fuel!uplift.!!

2. Q:!!How!are!LWMO!minima!derived?!A:!!From!the!higher!of!CAD360!or!CX!state!minimums.!!

3. Q:!!Can!you!use!a!JEPP!CAT!1!plate!for!LVP?!A:!!Yes,!but!only!if!CAT!2/3!plates!are!not!available.!!

4. Q:!!Where!do!you!find!the!approved!LWMO!minimums?!A:!!On!the!Port!Pages.!!

5. Q:!!Can!you!plan!a!LWMO!approach!to!a!manual!landing,!ie.!an!airport!without!autoland?!

A:!!For!the!777,!essentially!the!answer!is!no.!!However!for!JNB!the!Airbus!guys!do!it!due!to!the!steep!sloping!plateau!runway!environment.!!

6. Q:!!Can!you!land!LWMO!without!an!LWMO!qualified!captain/crewmember?!A:!!Essentially,!no.!Vol!2!pt.!2!pg.!1R4R6!says!all!members!must!be!qualified,!except!in!cases!of!emergency!or!pilot!incapacitation.!!

7. Q:!!What!is!the!USA!CAT!3!crosswind!limit?!A:!!15!kts.!

!Then!the!questions!turn!aircraft!specific.!These!are!for!the!777…!!

8. Q:!!What!is!the!alert!height!in!the!777?!A:!!200’!RA.!!

9. Q:!!What!indications!would!you!get!with!an!engine!failure!below!alert!height?!Or,!asked!another!way,!“Would!you!get!the!MASTER!CAUTION!LIGHT!and!AURAL!warning!below!alert!height!with!an!engine!failure?”!A:!!You!would!only!get!the!ENG!FAIL!L/R!EICAS,!but!no!light!or!aural!warning!as!they!are!inhibited!below!alert!height.!!

10. !!Q:!!What!indications!would!you!get!with!an!engine!fire!below!alert!height?!Or,!again,!“Would!you!get!the!MASTER!WARNING!and!AURAL!warning!with!an!engine!fire?”!A:!!You!will!get!it!all.!!All!warnings!will!be!available!below!alert!height.!!

11. Q:!!What!are!the!4!caution!messages!NOT!inhibited!below!alert!height?!A:!!AUTOPILOT,!AUTO!THROTTLE,!SPEEDBRAKE!EXTENDED,!NO!AUTOLAND.!!

12. Q:!!Could!you!continue!with!an!AUTOPILOT!DISCONNECT!while!below!the!alert!height?!A:!!Yes,!if!you!were!visual,!otherwise!you!would!have!to!execute!a!manual!goRaround.!

!!PC6)–)2008)!

1. Q:!!How!much!ice!can!we!have!on!the!leading!edge!and!top!of!the!wings?!A:!!None.!!

2. Q:!!How!much!ice!can!we!have!on!the!bottom!of!the!wing!surfaces?!A:!!3mm!or!1/8”!due!to!cold!soaked!fuel.!!

3. Q:!!How!much!snow!can!you!have!on!top!of!the!aircraft!fuselage?!A:!!None.!

!4. Q:!!It’s!R20!degrees!C!outside!and!you!are!taxiing!on!a!clear!day!with!snow!on!the!

ground,!do!you!need!to!use!engine!antiRice?!A:!!Yes.!

!5. Q:!!When!using!holdover!times,!do!we!use!the!longer!or!shorter!time!limit?!

A:!!Shorter.!!! Then!some!Boeing!777!specific!questions:!!

6. Q:!!When!is!core!ice!shedding!required?!A:!!Whenever!freezing!fog!is!reported!with!visibility!of!300m!or!less.!(See!Boeing!Bulletin!CATR66R1).!

!7. Q:!!What!procedure!is!required!when!engines!have!been!running!in!icing!

conditions!for!over!one!hour?!A:!!When!engine!antiRice!is!required!and!the!OAT!is!3!degrees!C!or!below,!do!an!engine!runRup!to!a!minimum!of!50%!N1!for!approximately!1!second!(for!RR!Trent!engines)!or!as!high!a!N1!as!practical!(for!GE90!engines).!!

8. Q:!!What!are!some!symptoms!of!TAT!probe!icing?!A:!!Autothrottle!disconnect!with!N1/EPR!reference!blanked,!thrust!lever!stagger!with!N1/EPR!aligned,!N1/EPR!stagger!with!thrust!levers!aligned,!decrease!or!increase!in!reference/target!EPR!at!constant!altitude!and/or!airspeed,!unable!to!achieve!max.!continuous!thrust!or!max.!climb!rating!with!thrust!levers!fully!advanced,!TAT!remains!constant!and/or!near!0!degrees!during!climb,!cruise!and!descent.!!

9. There!is!discussion!on!mixing!fuels!and!how!it!affects!fuel!freeze!point!temperature!–!and!would!you!change/reset!the!default!FMC!fuel!freeze!temp!setting.!!Just!have!a!good!read!of!the!procedures!and!how!to!use!the!chart!in!FCOM!3!SP!Section!12!regarding!fuel!freeze!point!for!blends!of!Jet!A!and!Jet!AR1!fuels.!

!!RT1)–)2009)!

1. Q:!!When!will!RVR’s!be!reported!to!aircraft!and!what!is!their!frequency?!A:!!When!below!specific!values!–!generally!below!800m,!in!50m!increments!every!30!secs.!When!RVR!is!below!400m,!in!25m!increments!every!15!seconds.!(Easy!to!remember,!everything!is!½!of!the!original).!!!

2. Q:!!When!can!you!continue!an!approach!when!RVR!is!reported!to!be!below!minima?!A:!!If!you’re!already!below!1000’!AAL!you!may!continue!to!appropriate!minimums.!(Remember,!it!is!AAL!and!not!RA!(radio!alt.)).!!

3. Q:!!When!is!a!takeoff!alternate!required!and!what!are!the!considerations?!A:!!Departure!airport!below!published!ILS!landing!minima!(or!applicable!approach).!Alternate!must!be!available!within!400nm.!PreRdispatch,!aircraft!serviceability!and!oneRengine!inop!considerations,!alternate!must!be!listed!on!ATS!flight!plan,!weather!at!alternate!at!or!above!CAT!1!landing!minima!(or!

whatever!applicable),!assume!engineRinop,!consideration!given!to!enroute!terrain!and!weather.!!

4. Q:!!When!can!visibility!be!factored!to!obtain!an!equivalent!RVR?!A:!!With!the!exemption!of!preRflight!stage!detailed!as!planning,!factoring!

of!visibility!should!NOT!be!used!at!any!time!to!obtain!equivalent!RVR.!!

5. Q:!!What!is!the!DH!and!minimum!RVR!touchdown!and!midpoint!values!for!CAT!2,!3A!and!3B!approaches?!A:!!See!table!in!Vol.!2!Part!2.!!CAT!2!(DH100!/!350!/!150),!CAT!3A!(DH50!/!200!/!150),!CAT!3B!(DH0!/!100!/!100).!

!Then!the!questions!turn!aircraft!specific.!These!are!for!the!777…!!

6. There!is!a!discussion!on!ILS!signal!interference:!- Short!term!signal!interference:!the!autopilot!will!disregard!the!ILS!signal!and!

continue!along!the!approach.!- Long!term!signal!interference:!autopilot!remains!in!attitude!stabilized!mode!and!

an!amber!line!is!indicated!thru!the!affected!modes!(You!will!receive!an!EICAS!Caution,!Master!Caution!with!aural!alert!and!related!F/D!bar!will!disappear).!!

7. Q:!!Below!1500’!RA,!how!would!an!EICAS!message!AUTOTHROTTLE!L!affect!landing!during!a!CAT!3B!approach?!A:!!On!your!FMA,!SPD!would!disappear,!but!ASA!(autopilot!status!annunciator)!would!remain!unchanged.!So!you!would!see:!!! ! _____!|!LOC!|!G/S!! ! !!!!!LAND!3!

!! (Note:!!For!CAT!3B!approaches!you!MUST!have!an!autothrottle!for!EACH!

operating!engine!so!you!would!have!to!revert!to!CAT!3A!or!higher!approach!minimums.)!

!8. !!Q:!!What!pilot!action!is!required!in!the!event!of!a!flashing!LOC!or!GP!deviation!

pointer!during!the!approach?!(Ref.!LWMO!section!FCOM!3!SP!20.2)!A:!!Above!alert!height:!The!approach!may!continue!if!the!aircraft!is!correcting!back!towards!the!centerline.!Otherwise!must!goRaround.!Below!alert!height:!A!goRaround!must!be!commenced!or!if!visual!conditions!permit,!autopilot!may!be!disconnected!and!a!manual!landing!made.!!

9. Q:!!If!a!reversion!to!a!higher!minima!is!required,!what!is!the!minimum!altitude!the!DH!should!not!be!changed?!(Also!same!reference!as!Question!8!above).!A:!!1000’!RA.!

!!PC1)–)2009)!

1. Q:!!What!does!hoar!frost!look!like?!(Huh!huh,!he!said!“hoar”!)!A:!!Uniform,!white!deposit,!fine!crystalline!texture,!transparent,!seeRthru,!etc.!!

!2. Q:!!When!the!holdover!time!has!expired,!what!action!is!required?!

A:!!A!preRtakeoff!contamination!check!must!be!completed!(usually!from!the!exterior!by!an!engineer).!Or,!you!must!deRice!again.!!

3. Q:!!Where!would!you!find!the!Japan!Domestic!Snowtams?!(We!didn’t!get!this!question).!A:!!Dispatch,!AERAD,!Vol!2!Pt.!2!has!the!decode!guide.!

!4. Q:!!If!you!delay!setting!flaps!before!takeoff,!what!else!would!you!delay?!

A:!!Actioning!the!before!takeoff!checklist.!! !

5. Q:!!If!the!fuel!temp.!drops!below!the!fuel!freeze!point!on!the!upper!EICAS,!what!would!you!do?!(We!didn’t!get!this!question!either!)!A.!!Speed!up,!descend,!divert!to!a!warmer!air!mass.!

!! Then!came!some!777!specific!questions…!!

6. Q:!!When!would!you!suspect!structural!icing!in!flight?!A:!!Check!for!ice!buildRup!on!windshield!wiper,!or!window!frame!or!pane,!etc.!!

7. Q:!!What!is!the!primary!method!of!switching!on!Wing!Anti!Ice?!A:!!A!bit!of!a!trick!question.!We!keep!it!in!AUTO!and!wait!for!ice!to!accumulate!and!let!the!automatic!system!take!care!of!WAI.!

!8. Q:!!The!following!conditions!exist:!Runway!Dry,!Visibility!10km,!Temp!6!deg.!C,!

OVC!at!500’.!Would!you!put!EAI!on!for!takeoff?!A:!!Yes.!Engine!antiRice!should!be!used!even!when!icing!conditions!are!ANTICIPATED.!!(Secondary!Question:!Would!you!need!to!make!a!new!takeoff!data!RTOW!card?!No.!Taking!off!with!the!antiRice!option!selected!in!AUTO!(like!we!normally!do)!assumes!EAI!is!on….makes!you!wonder!why!we!have!an!EAI!ON!option!then…)!!

9. Q:!!Can!the!engines!be!running!during!deRicing!on!the!ground?!A:!!Yes.!!

10. Q:!!What!would!be!the!procedure!for!this!and!where!is!it!found?!A:!!Check!the!procedure!in!FCOM!3!–!Supplementary!Procedures.!

!!RT2)–)2009)!Q:!!Can!factoring!of!visibility!be!used!for!RVR?!A:!!No.!Only!at!the!planning!stage.!!Q:!!What!does!the!above!question!mean!for!us?!A:!!It!is!only!used!as!a!planning!tool.!Upon!airborne,!if!RVR’s!are!NOT!available,!visibility!may!then!be!substituted!for!RVR.!(Only!once!airborne).!!

Q:!!What!is!LWMO?!A:!!Low!Weather!Minima!Operations!are!defined!as!TakeRoff!with!a!RVR’s!less!than!400m!and!Landing!with!a!RVR’s!less!than!550m.!!!Q;!!What!RVR’s!can!you!take!off!in!Taipei?!A:!!From!Port!Page!–!350m!(Note!they!are!not!bracketed!and!a!minimum!of!2!RVR’s!must!be!serviceable.)!!!!!Q:!!What!are!the!Autopilot!Limitations!in!LWMO?!(Regarding!winds)!A:!!Maximum!allowable!wind!speeds!when!landing!weather!minima!are!predicated!on!autoland!operations:!!HWC!25kts,!XWC!25kts,!TWC!15kts!!Q:!!!What!are!the!American!requirements!for!LWMO!approaches!if!you!do!not!have!the!middle!RVR?!!A:!!U.S.!Airport!LWMO!Requirements:!!R!!!CAT!2!and!3A!operations!:!Touchdown!RVR!and!MidRpoint!RVR!are!controlling!and!shall!be!at,!or!above,!the!published!minima.!RollRout!(Stop!End)!RVR!is!of!an!advisory!nature!and!should!be!considered!by!the!Commander/PIC,!if!relevant.!!R!!CAT!3B!operations!:!Touchdown!RVR,!MidRpoint!RVR!and!RollRout!(StopRend)!RVR!are!controlling.!If!any!one!transmissometer!is!temporarily!unserviceable,!the!remaining!two!RVR!readings!are!controlling.!If!RollRout!(StopRend)!RVR!is!controlling,!the!required!RVR!reading!shall!be!at,!or!above,!the!published!MidRpoint!RVR!minimum.!!

!Q:!!On!approach!above!1000ft!you!get!a!reversion!of!minimas!can!you!reset!this?!!A:!!Yes!above!1000ft!you!can!reset!the!minimas!on!the!PFD.!But!below!1000!ft.!RA!the!decision!height!should!not!be!changed!on!the!PFD,!but!the!approach!may!be!continued!to!the!revised!minima,!if!the!conditions!permit.!!If!you!are!below!1000’!then!ask!the!PM!to!call!100!above!and!minimas!verbally.!!!!!Q:!!What!is!the!ALERT!HEIGHT!for!the!777?!A:!!200’!RA!!Q:!!What!happens!if!there!is!a!major!system!failure!ABOVE!alert!height!with!LAND!3!shown?!A:!!You!will!get!an!EICAS!either!NO!LAND!3!or!NO!AUTOLAND.!LAND!2!will!be!annunciated.!!Q:!!What!are!the!2!EICAS!Messages!that!won’t!change!“LAND!3”!to!“LAND!2”!below!1000!ft?!A:!!AUTOTHROTTLE!and!SINGLE!SOURCE!DISPLAYS!!Q:!!What!Flap!settings!can!we!use!with!Autoland?!A:!!Flaps!30!or!Flaps!20!regardless!of!single!or!dual!engines!operating.!!Q:!!What!is!the!minimum!autopilot!disconnect!height!on!an!ILS!if!LAND!2!or!LAND!3!is!not!shown?!A:!!200’!AGL.!!Q:!!Describe!the!Precision!lighting!at!the!end!of!the!runway:!!

A:!!Centerline!lights!alternate!Red!and!White!from!900m!(3000!feet)!until!300m!(1000!feet)!from!the!end!of!the!runway!where!they!become!all!Red.!!Runway!edge!lighting!is!white,!then!the!last!2000!feet!!(or!half!the!runway,!whichever!occurs!later)!they!change!to!amber!Additionally,!Runway!turnoff!exits!are!marked!by!alternate!green!and!yellow!lights!which!lead!into!the!taxiway!centerline!lights.!Taxiway!centerline!lights!change!to!green!when!clear!of!the!ILS!sensitive!areas.!!!!!Q:!!You!are!shown!a!slide!of!the!runway!lights!lit!up,!at!!night,!and!asked:!How!many!HIRL!do!you!require!in!TPE?!A:!!350m!=!6!HIRL!or!24!CL…as!if!we!actually!count!them.!!Q:!!What!are!the!affects!of!Windshear?!How!do!we!recognize!it?!!A:!!Windshear!may!also!be!recognized!by!uncontrolled!changes!from!normal!steady!state!flight!conditions!below!1,000!FT!AGL,!in!excess!of!any!of!the!following:!!•!15!KTS!indicated!airspeed!!•!500!FPM!vertical!speed!!•!5!degrees!pitch!attitude!!•!1!dot!displacement!from!the!glideslope!!•!Unusual!thrust!lever!position!for!a!significant!period!of!time.!!!!!Q:!!What!is!the!Windshear!Escape!Maneuver!for!Manual!and!Auto!Flight?!Have!a!look!at!the!QRH!procedures!for!the!windshear!escape!maneuver.!!This!is!a!hint!for!things!to!come.!!Q:!!Discussion!on!memory!items!–!!How!many!memory!items!are!there!on!the!777!fleet?!!A:!!23.!You!will!see!a!whole!list!of!them.!!You!may!be!asked!to!recite!a!few!memory!items!by!heart…!luckily!we!didn’t!have!to!!In!fairness,!you!SHOULD!know!them.!!!PC2)–)2009)!Q.!!Ice!on!wing!top,!control!surface!etc…!A.!!Not!allowed.!!Q.!!Wing!bottom?!A.!!3mm!of!frost!due!cold!fuel!is!allowed.!!Q.!!What!height!of!snow!bank!is!allowed!on!rwy!edge?!A.!!30!cm!(revised!Mar2009).!!Q.!!On!ground!,!the!conditions:!–20C!clear!sky!with!blowing!snow,!is!EAI!still!required?!A.!!Yes.!!Q.!B773!NRTR!HKG,!fuel!temp!reach!–10C,!any!consideration?!(Not!applicable!for!the!ER)!A.!FCOM!3!Bulletin!and!Supplementary!Proc…..Fuel:!2hrs!before!TOD!etc……note!it!has!now!been!changed!to!3hrs!before!TOD.!!(Suggested:!good!practice!to!put!Fuel!temp!–10C!in!FMC!on!ground!as!a!reminder).!!

Q.!If!Cold!fuel!temp!proc.!above!has!been!carried!out!but!engine!does!not!respond!normally,!what!next?!A.!See!new!QRH!unannunciated!checklist!–!ENG!RESPONSE!!Q.!!With!thrust!lever!stagger!with!EPR!aligned!or!vice!versa,!Why?!(cannot!remember!the!exact!wording!of!the!question…)!A.!!TAT!probe!icing.!(Be!able!to!distinguish!the!differences!between!ENG!RESPONSE!and!TAT!PROBE!ICING!checklist)!!Q.!!Define!holdover!time:!A.!!Holdover!time!commences!from!the!start!of!the!final!application!of!antiRicing!fluid!and!runs!continuously!until!the!shorter!time!limit!is!reached,!at!which!point!the!holdover!time!is!exceeded.!!Q.!!Holdover!times!in!Vol!2Pt!2!have!a!lower!value!and!upper!value.!What!for?!A.!!The!lower!value!in!holdover!time!range!is!used!to!indicate!the!est.!time!of!protection!during!moderate!precip.!Upper!value!for!light!precip.!!Q.!!What!should!you!do!if!the!lower!value!holdover!time!range!is!exceeded?!The!higher!time?!A.!!See!Vol!2.!Part!2!and!know!the!requirements!for!internal!or!external!inspections.!If!higher!of!the!holdover!value!time!has!been!exceeded!and!still!in!icing!conditions,!you!will!need!to!return!for!deRicing.!!Q.!Engine!Run!up!procedures…what!are!they!with!icing?!A.!!When!temp!is!3!deg!C!or!below!and!in!icing!conditions.!!For!772/3:!50%!N1!run!up!till!stable.!!773ER:!Run!up!as!high!thrust!setting!as!practical.!Why!is!this!restriction!placed!on!the!ER’s?!Because!there!is!so!much!thrust!generated!from!the!GE!engines!even!with!the!brakes!engaged!it!will!cause!the!aircraft!to!slip/skid/skip!if!too!much!thrust!is!applied.!!FCOM!3!Supplementary!Cold!Weather!Procedures!SP.16.6.!!!Q.!!And!for!Core!Icing?!(Applicable!to!the!RR!engines!only).!Boeing!Bulletin!R!Operating!Instructions:!!Flight!crews!are!to!use!the!following!core!ice!shed!procedures!for!Trent!800!engines!when!freezing!fog!with!visibility!300!meters!or!less!is!reported.!!If!takeoff!can!be!achieved!within!45!minutes!total!taxi!time,!accomplish!the!existing!Engine!AntiRIce!Operation!R!On!the!Ground!Supplementary!Procedures!prior!to!brake!release!for!takeoff.!The!core!ice!shed!procedure!is!not!required.!!If!takeoff!cannot!be!achieved!within!45!minutes!total!taxi!time,!accomplish!the!following!core!ice!shed!procedure!within!45!minutes!total!taxi!time!to!clear!the!core!ice!from!the!engine.!Accomplish!the!following!core!ice!shed!procedure!at!subsequent!intervals!no!greater!than!every!45!minutes!prior!to!takeoff.!!!RT3)–)2010)!There!are!no!real!specific!questions!for!this!RT!session.!Ours!was!more!of!a!question+answer/discussion.!On!the!trainers!home!page!there!are!links!to!the!Best!Practice!PowerPoint!slides/PDF’s!that!cover!everything!you!need!to!know!–!notably,!LWMO!and!EGPWS.!Know!the!information!in!all!those!presentations.!Some!specific!

questions!deal!with!approach!ban!(what!happens!above!and!below!1000’),!what!are!the!RVR!requirements!in!the!USA!(for!CAT!3B!approaches).!What!is!the!crosswind!limit!for!LWMO!approaches!in!Canada!(10!KTS)!etc.!There!are!a!few!more!RVR!questions!and!some!slides!on!runway!markings!and!airport!signage!R!all!covered!in!the!LWMO!Best!Practice!Slideshow.!I’m!not!listing!the!individual!questions!because!there!was!just!too!much!information!to!cover!–!it’s!mostly!just!discussion!of!the!slides!and!the!instructor!talks/walks!you!through!it.!Very!simple.!!!PC3)–)2010)!Cold!weather!operation!questions!start!off!the!session:!!!Q.!!What!is!the!definition!of!icing!conditions!on!ground?!A.!!Icing!conditions!exist!when!OAT!(on!the!ground)!or!TAT!(inRflight)!is!10°C!(50°F)!or!below!and!visible!moisture!(clouds,!fog!with!visibility!less!than!one!statute!mile!(1600!m),!rain,!snow,!sleet,!ice!crystals,!etc.)!is!present,!or!standing!water,!ice,!or!snow!is!present!on!the!ramps,!taxiways,!or!runways.!!Q.!!What!is!the!new!policy!concerning!the!use!of!engine!ANTIRICE?!A.!!Leave!ANTIRICE!selector!in!AUTO!when!airborne!during!icing!conditions!(NOT!ON).!Turn!ANTIRICE!ON!during!GND!operation!in!icing!conditions.!!There!is!a!caveat!in!FCOM!3!that!says!you!may!still!select!the!antiRice!selectors!in!AUTO!OR!ON!when!airborne!in!icing!conditions!or!if!you!expect!or!anticipate!you’ll!be!entering!icing!conditions!after!takeoff!or!just!after!landing!R!but!the!previous!answer!is!the!answer!they’re!looking!for.!!Q.!!When!is!ENG!ANTIRICE!selected!to!AUTO!after!takeRoff!if!it!was!on!during!ground!ops?!A.!!When!the!After!Takeoff!Checklist!is!completed.!!Q.!!When!is!ENG!ANTIRICE!selected!ON/AUTO!after!landing!in!icing!conditions!on!ground?!A.!!During!the!after!landing!flow.!!Q.!!What!is!the!Holding!Speed!in!the!London!TMA?!A.!!220!kts.!(Vol.!2!Pt.!2!Section!10,!Page!3R1R35!OPERATIONAL).!!Q.!!What!are!the!mandatory!speeds!on!approach!in!London?!A.!!See!SPEED!CONTROL!section!on!Page!3!of!London!Port!Pages!–!or!–!ATC!assigned!speed.!!Q.!!When!can!you!reduce!speed?!A.!!If!ATC!says!so!or!if!crew!request!it.!!Q.!!Without!ATC!radar!what!speeds!should!you!fly?!A.!!As!per!the!Port!Page.!!Q.!!How!is!light/heavy!snow!depicted!on!METAR/TAF?!How!about!moderate?!

A.!!By!a!minus!(R)!for!light,!and!a!plus!(+)!for!heavy.!No!sign!indicates!moderate.!!Q.!What!holdover!time!is!available!if!+SN!(heavy!snow)!conditions!exist!or!are!forecast?!A.!!None.!The!tables!only!account!for!light!or!moderate!snow.!!There!is!no!guidance!for!heavy!snow.!Shorter!times!in!holdover!table!are!for!moderate!precip,!longer!times!are!for!light!precip.!Therefore!if!heavy!snowfall,!you!cannot!go.!!Q.!!How!would!you!deal!with!the!scenario!in!the!above!question?!A.!!Inform!IOC,!delay!the!flight,!etc.!Aircraft!cannot!go.!Flight!time!limitation!considerations,!etc.!!Q.!!If!the!aircraft!is!parked!overnight!in!icing!conditions,!what!can!you!expect!on!taxi?!A.!!Flat!spots!on!the!tires!(frozen,!etc.)!!Q.!R40!deg.!C!is!the!fuel!freeze!point.!!What!is!the!restriction?!A.!!Minimum!temp!inRflight!for!Jet!A!is!!R37!deg.!C,!3!deg.!above!the!fuel!freeze!point.!!!RT4)–)2010)!LVP!–!Generic!!

1. Q:!!What!takeoff!and!landing!RVR!define!LVP!Ops?!A:!!Takeoffs!RVR!less!than!400m.!Landings!RVR!less!than!550m.!

2. Q:!!Where!is!information!on!failed!or!downgraded!ground!equipment!found?!A:!!Ops!Part!A!R!8.1.3.6!

3. Q:!!Does!Autoland!approval!denote!LWMO!approval?!A:!!No.!(Ops!Part!A!–!8.3.26.6!Autoland)!Just!that!it’s!been!demonstrated!by!three!or!more!CX!aircraft.!

4. Q:!!For!CAT!2!Ops,!what!RVR’s!are!limiting?!A:!!Touchdown!and!Midpoint!are!controlling.!Rollout!is!advisory.!

5. Q:!!Why!would!a!published!CAT!2!DH!differ!from!100!FT!RA?!A:!!Could!be!caused!by!undulating!terrain!on!the!final!approach!path.!

!LVP!–!777!Specific!!

1. Q:!!Scenario:!!CAT!3B!given!200/200/200.!Above!1000!FT!AAL.!!You!get!a!NO!LAND!3!message.!What!do!you!do?!A:!!Revert!to!CAT!3A!and!reset!minimas.!

2. Q:!!Same!approach!as!above;!CAT!3A,!below!1000!FT!AAL,!with!NO!LAND!3.!RVR!reduces!below!minima.!What!do!you!do?!A:!!Continue!approach!as!you!are!already!below!the!Approach!Ban!level.!

3. Q:!!Same!approach!as!above;!approaching!minimas!you!get!NO!AUTOLAND.!What!do!you!do?!A:!!Go!around!unless!you!are!visual,!then!you!can!land.!

!WINDSHEAR!!

1. Q:!!What!are!the!actions!for!MONITOR!RADAR!DISPLAY?!

A:!!Manoeuvre!as!required.!2. Q:!!During!takeoff,!WINDSHEAR!AHEAD.!What!are!your!actions?!

A:!!Prior!to!V1,!reject!takeoff.!!After!V1!and!airborne,!perform!Windshear!Escape!Manoeuvre.!

3. Q:!!On!approach,!GO!AROUND!WINDSHEAR!AHEAD.!What!are!your!actions?!A:!!Perform!a!normal!goRaround.!Prepare!for!actual!windshear!conditions!and!if!encountered,!perform!Windshear!Escape!Manoeuvre.!

4. Q:!!What!is!the!Windshear!Escape!Manoeuvre?!A:!!See!QRH!–!Maneouvres!Section!!!

PC4)–)2010)!ICING!!

1. Q:!!How!much!ice/snow/frost!are!you!allowed!on!the!leading!edge,!upper!wing!surfaces!and!flight!controls?!A:!!None.!

2. Q:!!How!much!are!we!allowed!and!on!what!part!of!the!aircraft?!A:!!Thin!“hoar!frost”!allowed!atop!the!fuselage!and!lower!wing!surfaces!due!cold!soaked!fuel!(1/8”!or!3mm)!

3. Q:!!Why!are!there!two!hold!over!times!and!what’s!the!difference?!A:!!Short!holdover!time!is!for!moderate!precipitation.!!Long!holdover!time!is!for!light!precipitation.!

4. Q:!!If!the!short!holdover!time!expires!and!precipitation!is!still!present,!what!should!you!consider!doing?!A:!!A!preRtakeoff!contamination!INSPECTION.!(Remember,!this!is!done!from!INSIDE!the!aircraft).!As!opposed!to!a!preRtakeoff!contamination!CHECK!which!is!a!tactile!check!done!OUTSIDE!the!aircraft.!!(I’m!stupid,!so!I!remember!it!by!INspection!=!INside,!as!opposed!to!when!we!CHECK!the!weather!OUTside.)!Note:!a!preRtakeoff!contamination!inspection!should!be!conducted!anytime!the!aircraft!is!deRiced!or!antiRiced!and!accomplished!5!mins!prior!to!takeoff.!

5. Q:!!What!should!you!consider!about!operating!the!flaps/slats,!etc.!when!taking!on!contaminated,!snow/slush!covered!taxiways!and!ramps?!A:!!Consider!delaying!flap!extension/retraction!to!avoid!damage!to!flaps,!slat!mechanisms,!etc.!

6. Q:!!What!should!you!do!if!you!are!approaching!the!fuel!freeze!point!in!flight?!A:!!Divert!to!warmer!air,!descend!(or!climb!in!polar!regions!if!possible),!or!increase!speed.!!!

RT5)–)2011)!Next!come!the!LWMO!questions.!Take!out!the!Dubai!(OMDB)!Port!Pages!LWMO!section!(Page!7)!and!follow!along.!All!the!questions!refer!to!Runway!12L.!!Q.!For!a!takeoff!in!low!visibility!conditions!(RVR!200m!all!zones)!is!a!takeoff!alternate!required?!

A.##No.#The#RVR#is#suitable#for#CAT#3B#landing#minima#so#you#could#return#back#and#land#at#the#airport.#!Q.!!There!is!a!NOTAM!Dubai!Rwy!12L!RVR/RO!(Rollout)!is!U/S.!Is!the!RVR/RO!required!for!landing!on!Rwy!12L?!A.##Read#the#Note#at#the#bottom#of#the#page#with#the#**#double#asterisks.#Three#transmissometers#are#required#and#are#controlling.#In#the#event#one#transmissometer#is#temporarily#inoperative,#CAT#3B#operations#may#continue#using#the#two#remaining#transmissometers#and#both#RVR#reports#are#controlling.#!Q.!!On!a!CAT!3A!approach!for!Rwy!12L!you!are!advised!that!the!RVR/Mid!is!inoperative.!Can!you!continue?!A.##Read#the#second#Note#at#the#bottom#of#the#page#with#the#*#single#asterisk.#RVR/Mid#may#be#temporarily#inoperative.#In#such#cases,#RVR/RO#reading#is#controlling#and#shall#be#at#or#above#the#published#RVR/Mid#minimum.#!Q.!Dubai!weather:!Rwy!12L.!Winds!210/10.!RVR/Tdz!350.!RVR/Mid!150.!RVR/RO!U/S!with!LVP!in!force.!CAT!2!approach!only.!Can!you!continue?!A.##Yes.#As#per#the#CAT#2#requirements,#RVR/RO#is#Advisory#only.#!Then!you!will!be!shown!a!series!of!slides!with!the!airplane!on!various!stages!of!the!approach!with!the!altimeter!(supposedly!the!Radio!Alt)!reading!above!or!below!the!1000’!approach!ban!criteria.!Answer!the!following!questions:!!Questions!again!are!based!on!landing!DXB!Rwy!12L.!!What!would!you!do!under!the!following!conditions?! ! Approach) RVR:) TDZ) Mid)) RO) Stage!1. Cat!3B!! 100m! 50m! !!R! Above!1000'!AAL!2. Cat!3B!! 100m! 50m! !!R! Below!1000'!AAL!3. Cat!2! ! 100m! 100m! !!R! Below!1000'!AAL!!Answer:!!• 1.#Continue#to#1000'AAL###and#if#Mid#zone#still#below#minima#then#GA.#

2.#Below#1000'AAL###so#continue#to#minima#and#Land#or#GA(?#Not#my#answer)#3.#Below#1000'AAL##so#continue#to#Minima#and#Land#if#visual#or#GA.#

!Q.!!If!you!are!above!1000’!AAL!and!the!AUTO!THROTTLE!FAILS!what!will!you!do?!A.##If#able,#revert#to#a#CAT#3A#approach,#reset#minima#and#continue#to#1000’#AAL.#If#the#weather#is#still#below#minima#for#reversion#to#CAT#3A#you#cannot#continue#and#must#GA.#!Q.!!CAT!2!is!only!available!and!the!Autopilot!disconnects!below!minima!(due!to!a!malfunction.!What!will!you!do?!A.##Land#if#visual#or#GA.#!Q.!!What!if!you!are!just!about!to!land!and!your!engine!fails!below!the!alert!height!what!

would!you!do?!A.##Continue#the#approach#and#land.#!The!next!sequence!of!slides!deals!with!Flap!retraction.!Since!we!are!getting!a!lot!of!744!crew!conversions,!they!threw!in!this!slide!more!for!their!benefit!as!this!is!old!hat!for!veteran!777!drivers.!The!slide!shows!the!PFD!on!climbRout!with!the!airspeed!trend!vector!arrow!just!peeking!out!with!speed!a!few!knots!below!the!Flaps!5!indication!(ie.!within!the!20kts).!The!questions!follow:!!Q.!!Based!on!the!picture,!when!can!you!call!for!Flaps!5,!climb!thrust?!!A.##You#can#call#for#it#now#as#indicated#in#the#picture.#You#can#call#for#the#next#flap#setting#as#long#as#you’re#within#20#kts#of#the#Flap#indication#and#the#airspeed#trend#vector#showing.#(ie.#Aircraft#is#accelerating).!Note!that!this!requirement!for!the!trend!vector!(arrow)!showing!will!soon!be!removed.!Yeah,!I!was!surprised!to!hear!this!too!but!our!trainer!said!that!although!this!has!been!convention!on!the!fleet!for!as!long!as!I!can!remember!(to!view!the!trend!arrow),!it!may!go!away!soon.!But!I’d!include!it!in!my!answer!anyway.!!Q.!!What!should!be!the!PM’s!response!to!your!“Flaps!5,!climb!thrust”!command?!A.##“Speed#Checks,#Flaps#5.”#Then#you#PAUSE.#Then#you#place#your#hand#on#the#Flap#lever,#move#it#to#Flaps#5.#Note#the#indication#on#the#MFD#and#verify#you’ve#selected#properly.!Then#you#let#go#of#the#Flap#lever.!Suck!eggs!!!Q.!!What!if!the!airspeed!is!more!than!20!kts!below!the!appropriate!Flap!setting!and!the!command!is!given.!What!should!the!PM’s!response!be?!A.##“Check#speed.”###PC5)–)2011)!!

Icing)Questions…))What!are!the!takeRoff!limitations!for!the!leading!edges,!control!surfaces!and!the!wing?!Free#of#ice#and#snow.#!What!are!the!takeRoff!limitations!for!ice!&!snow!on!the!lower!wing?!A#light#coating#of#frost,#up#to#3mm#(1/8"),#on#the#underside#of#the#wing#fuel#tank#area.#!After!deRicing!/!antiRicing,!what!precaution!is!to!be!taken!prior!to!take!off?!A#Pre`take`off#contamination#inspection.#This# is#a#visual# inspection#from#the#cabin#of#the#wings# for# evidence# of# contamination# or# inappropriate# holdover# time# (loss# of# anti`icing#fluid#effectiveness)#within#5#mins#prior#to#the#take`off#roll.#!The! holdover! tables! reveal! a! timing! range! for! different! combinations! (i.e.! 30! to! 45!minutes).!What!are!the!shorter!and!longer!time!appropriate!for?!The#shorter#HOT#is#for#moderate#precipitation#&#the#longer#HOT#is#for#light#precipitation.#!The! shorter! holdover! time! (HOT)! has! been! exceeded,! but! not! the! longer! HOT,! and!

precipitation!is!present.!What!action!is!required?!A#pre`take`off#contamination#inspection.#This# is#a#visual# inspection#from#the#cabin#of#the#effectiveness#of# the#anti`icing# fluid#on# the# critical# surfaces#within#5#minutes#prior# to# the#take`off#roll.#If#frozen#deposits#start#to#form#or#accumulate#on#the#treated#critical#aircraft#surfaces,#a#further#de`ice#then#application#of#anti`ice#is#required.##The!longer!holdover!time!(HOT)!has!been!exceeded!and!precipitation!is!present.!What!action!is!required?!A#pre`take`off#contamination#inspection#(visual#inspection#from#the#cabin)#and#a#pre`rake`off#contamination#check#(external#check#of#critical#surfaces)#are#required#within#5#minutes#prior#to#the#take`off#roll.#If#the#pre`takeoff#contamination#check#is#impractical#then#return#for#de`ice#&#anti`ice.#If#frozen#deposits#start#to#form#or#accumulate#on#the#treated#critical#aircraft#surfaces,#a#further#de`ice#then#application#of#anti`ice#is#required.##Are!snow,!ice,!or!frost!permitted!on!the!fuselage?!Only#thin#hoarfrost#is#permitted#on#the#upper#surface#of#the#fuselage#provided#all#vents#are#clear#of#frost.#!On!a!METAR!or! forecast!how!are! the! three! intensity! levels! (light/moderate/heavy)!of!snow!depicted?!SN# indicates# snow# is# falling# at#moderate# intensity# (ie.#No#modifier).# If# any# precipitation#begins#with!`/+#it#is#either#light#or#heavy.#!What!holdover!time!is!available!if!+SN!conditions!exist!or!are!forecast!for!takeRoff?!As#directed#but#the#"CAUTION"#on#each#chart#in#OMPA:#no#holdover#time#guidelines#exist#for# heavy# snow,# regardless# of# temperature# or# type# of# anti`icing# applied# (or# for# snow#pellets,#ice#pellets,#Moderate#and#Heavy#freezing#rain,#or#hail).#!Where!would!you!find!the!decodes!for!the!Japan!domestic!SNOWTAM?!Ops#Manual#Part#A#(OMPA)#!After! an!overnight! in! freezing! conditions!what!unusual! effects!may!be!noticed!during!taxi!and!takeRoff?!The# tires# may# retain# flat# spots# and,# with# a# short# taxi# distance,# may# not# warm# up#sufficiently.#Moderate#nose#wheel#and#airframe#vibrations#may#occur#on#take#off.#!After!a!landing!and!taxi,!in!dry!snow!conditions!with!an!OAT!of!R20C,!is!it!necessary!to!use!engine!antiRice?!Engine# anti`ice# must# be# used# during# all# ground# and# flight# operations# when# icing#conditions#exist#or#are#anticipated.#(Know#the#definition#of#icing#conditions#(ie.#+10#deg#C#or#colder,#visible#moisture,#fog,#rain,#snow,#sleet,#vis#1#mile#or#less)).#!After! a! cold! weather! start! with! OAT! of! R20C,! a! generator! fault! light! has! illuminated.!What!may!be!the!cause?!Cold#oil#in#the#CSD#and#generator#may#be#slow#to#produce#steady#power.#Usually,#1#minute#is#enough#to#return#to#normal#operation#but#up#to#5#minutes#may#be#required.#!Having! decided! to! leave! the! flaps! up!during! taxi! out! for! slush! and/or! standing!water!conditions,!what!would!you!do!differently!with!regard!to!checklist!management?!

Wait#for#the#flaps#to#reach#the#take`off#configuration,#before#calling#for#the#before#take`off#checklist.#!Jet!A!fuel!freeze!point!is!R40C.!What!is!the!restrictive!fuel!freeze!point?!`37C.#!What!would! you!do!when! the! fuel! temperature! approaches! the! restrictive! fuel! freeze!point?!Decrease#altitude,#increase#Mach#number#or#head#to#Honolulu#(divert#to#warmer#air).#!When!does!holdover!time!begin?!HOT#timing#begins#at#the#commencement#of#the#final#application#of#anti`ice#fluid.##!RT6)–)2011)Same)Questions)as)RT6)–)2008)!!PC6)–)2011)!The!PC!is!fairly!quick!and!easy!since!it’s!all!done!with!the!automatics!on!with!very!few!surprises.!!As!you!should!know!by!now,!the!questions!are!hidden!behind!a!bank!of!numbers!and!chosen!from!a!pool.!!If!you’re!lucky,!the!typical!coldRweather!operation!questions!will!appear.!!One!new!question!however!is!mandatory!and!it!refers!to!Super!Cooled!Large!Droplets!(SCLD).!!The!question!is!paraphrased!as!follows:!!Question!#19!(Mandatory):!!Although!the!AFM!says!the!aircraft!is!“approved!for!operations!in!atmospheric!conditions”!such!as!FZRA!(freezing!rain)!and!FZDZ!(freezing!drizzle),!does!this!also!apply!to!SCLD!(super!cooled!large!droplets)?”!Answer:!In!short,!no.!!(Reference:!OMPA!Chapter!8.2.6.2)!!Here!are!some!of!the!other!typical!cold!weather!?’s!that!have!been!making!the!rounds.!!

1. Q:!!How!much!ice!can!we!have!on!the!leading!edge!and!top!of!the!wings?!A:!!None.!!

2. Q:!!How!much!ice!can!we!have!on!the!bottom!of!the!wing!surfaces?!A:!!3mm!or!1/8”!due!to!cold!soaked!fuel.!!

3. Q:!!How!much!snow!can!you!have!on!top!of!the!aircraft!fuselage?!A:!!None.!

!4. Q:!!It’s!R20!degrees!C!outside!and!you!are!taxiing!on!a!clear!day!with!snow!on!the!

ground,!do!you!need!to!use!engine!antiRice?!A:!!Yes.!

!5. Q:!!When!using!holdover!times,!do!we!use!the!longer!or!shorter!time!limit?!

A:!!Shorter!for!moderate!precip.,!and!longer!for!light!precip.!!

! Then!some!Boeing!777!specific!questions:!!

6. Q:!!When!is!core!ice!shedding!required?!A:!!Whenever!freezing!fog!is!reported!with!visibility!of!300m!or!less.!(See!Boeing!Bulletin!CATR66R1!(which!has!subsequently!been!removed!)).!

!7. Q:!!What!procedure!is!required!when!engines!have!been!running!in!icing!

conditions!for!over!one!hour?!A:!!When!engine!antiRice!is!required!and!the!OAT!is!3!degrees!C!or!below,!do!an!engine!runRup!to!a!minimum!of!50%!N1!for!approximately!1!second!(for!RR!Trent!engines)!or!as!high!a!N1!as!practical!(for!GE90!engines).!!

8. Q:!!What!are!some!symptoms!of!TAT!probe!icing?!A:!!Autothrottle!disconnect!with!N1/EPR!reference!blanked,!thrust!lever!stagger!with!N1/EPR!aligned,!N1/EPR!stagger!with!thrust!levers!aligned,!decrease!or!increase!in!reference/target!EPR!at!constant!altitude!and/or!airspeed,!unable!to!achieve!max.!continuous!thrust!or!max.!climb!rating!with!thrust!levers!fully!advanced,!TAT!remains!constant!and/or!near!0!degrees!during!climb,!cruise!and!descent.!!

9. There!is!discussion!on!mixing!fuels!and!how!it!affects!fuel!freeze!point!temperature!–!and!would!you!change/reset!the!default!FMC!fuel!freeze!temp!setting.!!Just!have!a!good!read!of!the!procedures!and!how!to!use!the!chart!in!FCOM!3!SP!regarding!fuel!freeze!point!for!blends!of!Jet!A!and!Jet!AR1!fuels!

!!RT1)and)PC1)–)2012:)Skipped)due)Training)))RT2)–)2012)No)Questions.)Just)know)Memory)Items.)))PC2)–)2012))#19!Super!Cooled!Large!Droplets!(SCLD):!Question:!“Although!the!Aircraft!Flight!Manual!(AFM)!contains!a!statement!in!the!limitations!section!that!‘The!Aircraft!is!approved!for!operation!in!atmospheric!icing!conditions’!does!this!certification!standard!include!takeRoff!in!FZDZ!(freezing!drizzle)!and/or!FZRA!(light!freezing!rain)!associated!with!SCLD!(super!cooled!largedroplets)?”!Answer:!In!short,!the!answer!is!NO.!(Reference:!OMPA!Chapter!8.2.6.2!page!11)!!We!weren’t!asked!many!icing!questions!but!the!standard!ones!you’ll!get!are:!1.!Q:!How!much!ice!can!we!have!on!the!leading!edge!and!top!of!the!wings?!A:!None.!!2.!Q:!How!much!ice!can!we!have!on!the!bottom!of!the!wing!surfaces?!A:!3mm!or!1/8”!due!to!cold!soaked!fuel.!!

3.!Q:!How!much!snow!can!you!have!on!top!of!the!aircraft!fuselage?!A:!None.!!4.!Q:!It’s!R20!degrees!C!outside!and!you!are!taxiing!on!a!clear!day!with!snow!on!the!ground,!do!you!need!to!use!engine!antiRice?!A:!Yes.!!5.!Q:!When!using!holdover!times,!do!we!use!the!longer!or!shorter!time!limit?!A:!Shorter!for!moderate!precip.,!and!longer!for!light!precip.!!777!Specific:!#4:!Can!you!leave!the!engines!running!while!deRicing?!Yes.!!!PC3)–)2013)!Some!questions!regarding!London!airspace!start!of!the!session.!These!are!the!same!as!on!the!PowerPoint!briefing!slide.!They!don’t!expect!you!to!memorize!them!but!they’re!useful!to!know!for!the!session:!!

Q.!!What!is!the!Holding!Speed!in!the!London!TMA?!!A.!!220!kts.!!

Q.!!What!are!the!mandatory!speeds!on!approach!in!London?!!A.!!See!SPEED!CONTROL!section!on!Port!Pages!–!or!–!ATC!assigned!speed.!!

Q.!!When!may!you!reduce!speed?!!A.!!If!ATC!says!so!or!if!crew!request!it.!!

Q.!!Without!ATC!radar!control!what!speeds!should!you!fly?!!A.!!As!per!the!Port!Page.!!

LVO!Questions!to!be!picked!at!random!from!a!bank.!We!chose!#1!and!#2:!!Question!#1:!Takeoff!in!LVO!conditions!when!is!a!takeoff!alternate!required?!When!the!departure!airport!is!below!the!minimums!for!the!approach!to!be!used!you!need!a!takeoff!alternate.!Question!#2:!Can!you!file!the!above!takeoff!alternate!airport!as!an!alternate!if!the!weather!at!that!airport!is!marginally!below!CAT1?!No.!!Next!followed!some!ground!equipment!failures.!We!weren’t!expected!to!memorize!this,!just!know!the!answers!are!found!in!Ops!Manual!Part!A!(OMPA).!Question!#2:!The!NOTAMS!indicate!the!approach!lighting!system!is!U/S!can!you!still!conduct!a!CAT3!ILS!approach?!You’d!find!the!answer!to!this!in!OMPA.!!!Then!approach!ban!questions:!!1.!!You’re!CAT2!and!RVR!deteriorates!and!you’re!above!1000’!what!can!you!do?!If!you’ve!got!CAT!3!you!can!reset!the!minima;!but!you!can!go!down!to!1000’!and!assess.!If!unable!to!continue,!go!around!by!1000’.!!

2.!!You’re!below!1000’!on!a!CAT!3A!approach!and!RVR!deteriorates!below!minima?!Continue!to!minima!and!if!visual!land,!if!not,!go!around.!!3.!!Same!scenario!as!#2!but!you’re!on!a!CAT!3B!approach?!You!can!continue!to!land!as!there!is!no!DH.!(Assuming!you’re!not!in!France).!!!Have!a!look!at!the!LVO!Best!Practice!PowerPoint!and!it!covers!all!of!this.!!

Next!they!ask!you!the!LVO!Crosswind!limits!in!foreign!countries.!(OMPA!8.4.2.1)!!U.S.!–!15!kts!Canada!–!15!kts!Australia!–!10!kts!if!any!RVR!is!less!than!200m.!Otherwise,!15!kts!France!and!General!–!Aircraft!approved!LVO!limit!!!It!keeps!going….next!are!equipment!failure!scenarios!–!what!would!you!do!with:!!1. Autothrottle!failure!CAT3B!above!and!below!1000’?!!2. CAT!2!available!and!the!autopilot!disconnects!below!minima?!!!Some!cold!weather!general,!icing!operation!questions!followed.!As!you!now!know,!they!are!hidden!behind!a!“bank”!of!questions!so!you!won’t!necessarily!get!the!following!questions,!but!if!you’re!asked!to!choose,!just!remember!“7R11”:!!This!is!Question!7:!!Q.!!Is!snow,!ice!or!frost!permitted!on!the!fuselage?!!A.!!Only!thin!hoarfrost!is!allowed!on!the!fuselage!provided!all!vents!and!ports!etc.!must!be!clear!!This!is!Question!11:!!Q.!!If!the!aircraft!is!parked!overnight!in!icing!conditions,!what!can!you!expect!on!taxi?!!A.!!Flat!spots!on!the!tires!(frozen,!etc.)!!

Q.!!What!is!the!definition!of!icing!conditions!on!ground?!!A.!!Icing!conditions!exist!when!OAT!(on!the!ground)!or!TAT!(inRflight)!is!10°C!(50°F)!or!below!and!visible!moisture!(clouds,!fog!with!visibility!less!than!one!statute!mile!(1600!m),!rain,!snow,!sleet,!ice!crystals,!etc.)!is!present,!or!standing!water,!ice,!or!snow!is!present!on!the!ramps,!taxiways,!or!runways.!!

Q.!!What!is!the!policy!concerning!the!use!of!engine!ANTIRICE?!!A.!!Leave!ANTIRICE!selector!in!AUTO!when!airborne!during!icing!conditions!(NOT!ON).!Turn!ANTIRICE!ON!during!GND!operation!in!icing!conditions.!!There!is!a!caveat!in!FCOM!3!that!says!you!may!still!select!the!antiRice!selectors!in!AUTO!OR!ON!when!airborne!in!icing!conditions!or!if!you!expect!or!anticipate!you’ll!be!entering!icing!conditions!after!takeoff!or!just!after!landing!R!but!the!previous!answer!is!the!answer!they’re!looking!for.!!

Q.!!When!is!ENG!ANTIRICE!selected!to!AUTO!after!takeRoff!if!it!was!on!during!ground!ops?!!A.!!When!the!After!Takeoff!Checklist!is!completed.!!

Q.!!When!is!ENG!ANTIRICE!selected!ON/AUTO!after!landing!in!icing!conditions!on!ground?!!A.!!During!the!after!landing!flow.!!

Q.!!How!is!light/heavy!snow!depicted!on!METAR/TAF?!How!about!moderate?!!A.!!By!a!minus!(R)!for!light,!and!a!plus!(+)!for!heavy.!No!sign!indicates!moderate.!!

Q.!What!holdover!time!is!available!if!+SN!(heavy!snow)!conditions!exist!or!are!forecast?!!A.!!None.!The!tables!only!account!for!light!or!moderate!snow.!!There!is!no!guidance!for!heavy!snow.!Shorter!times!in!holdover!table!are!for!moderate!precip,!longer!times!are!for!light!precip.!Therefore!if!heavy!snowfall,!you!cannot!go.!!

Q.!!How!would!you!deal!with!the!scenario!in!the!above!question?!!A.!!Inform!IOC,!delay!the!flight,!etc.!Aircraft!cannot!go.!Flight!time!limitation!considerations,!etc.!!

Q.!R40!deg.!C!is!the!fuel!freeze!point.!!What!is!the!restriction?!!A.!!Minimum!temp!inRflight!for!Jet!A!is!R37!deg.!C,!3!deg.!above!the!fuel!freeze!point.!!

The!questions!never!end.!777!fleet!specific!questions!chosen!from!a!bank:!Question!#2:!What!is!the!primary!method!on!the!777!of!using!wing!antiRice?!We!leave!it!in!auto!and!use!wing!antiRice!as!a!deRicer!or!antiRicer.!!!RT3)–)2013)There!are!no!real!specific!questions!for!this!RT!session.!Ours!was!more!of!a!discussion!session.!The!session!starts!out!with!a!basic!overview!of!the!RT!session!with!the!3R!Profile!PowerPoint!displayed.!There!are!4!topics!with!hyperlinks!on!the!3R!profile:!!

CRM/TEM!–!Critical!Thinking!and!Discussion!on!Problem!Solving!• What!to!do!when!you!don’t!have!a!clear!set!of!options.!Use!the!CLEAR!model!as!a!

problem!solving!tool!not!a!decision!making!aid.!!• Critical!Thinking!is!a!control!loop!that!runs!along!side!of!the!CLEAR!model!(???)!!• Not!knowing!when!to!switch!from!decision!making!to!problem!solving!!• Confirmation!Bias!!• Don't!rush!if!you!don’t!know!what!you’re!doing!!• Uncertainty!!• Disconfirmation!(???)!!• Slow!it!down!!!EGPWS!!• The!same!briefing!that!you’ve!seen!on!many!previous!sessions,!also!in!the!Best!

Practice.!Just!a!training!note,!the!first!two!CAUTION!items!in!the!list!are:!CAUTION!OBSTACLE!and!CAUTION!TERRAIN!–!although!they!are!part!of!the!EGPWS!caution!items,!those!are!the!two!that!will!probably!kill!you!so!react!to!them!as!if!they!were!WARNINGS!as!that’s!what!you’ll!most!likely!get!very!soon!thereafter!in!real!life.!!

• Another!note!on!the!pitch!attitude!recovery.!Our!instructor,!(former!BTC!M.W.)!suggests!that!those!who!pitch!past!20!degrees!towards!the!stick!shaker!and!PLI!

are!gonna!live.!In!reality,!you!probably!only!get!one!go!at!this!so!if!you!do!ever!get!one!you!gotta!get!it!right.!If!you!just!pitch!to!20!degrees!you!MAY!still!hit!the!terrain….use!your!energy,!speed!!height!and!clear!that!terrain.!The!R200!can!manage!it,!the!ER!is!overpowered,!but!the!R300!you!could!hit!the!terrain.!Go!for!the!shaker!!!

• If!you’re!engine!inop,!you!don’t!have!excess!energy!to!convert!to!height.!!!NN!COMM!!• This!refers!to!the!new!flow!charts!as!far!as!“Attention,!Crew!to!Stations”!x!2.!

These!charts!are!still!under!review!so!expect!it!to!change!in!the!future.!The!charts!are!all!printed!and!posted!in!the!briefing!rooms.!!

• Sterile!cockpit?!Do!you!call!the!cabin!when!you!reach!the!cruise!altitude?!!• Proper!calls!to!the!cockpit!from!cabin:!“Attention,!smoke!in!cabin,!Betty,!L4.”!

Note:!the!cabin!crew!do!not!necessarily!need!to!go!thru!the!ISM!!• Communicating!threats!to!the!cabin!–!how!would!you!deal!with!the!following:!!

1.!!Pressurization:!slow!(200!fpm)!cabin!leak.!Would!you!make!a!PA?!! 2.!!Structural!Integrity:!Bomb!or!nonRplug!door?!! 3.!!Smoke!/!Fumes:!Unidentified?!! 4.!!System!Malfunction:!Overheat?!! 5.!!Landing!Problems:!Brakes,!gear,!and!controllability?!! 6.!!Pilot!Incapacitation:!Food!poisoning?!!

!MEMORY!ITEMS!There!are!23!memory!items!now!on!the!777!fleet.!We!weren’t!asked!to!recite!any,!just!had!a!discussion!on!them!in!general.!Of!special!note,!the!majority!of!memory!items!are!maneuvers!and!very!easy!to!get!mixed!up!so!take!care!when!distinguishing!between!the!different!memory!item!maneuvers.!!

!PC4)–)2013)Here were some of the questions we got to start off the PC session. As mentioned before, you may not choose these exact same ones, so know all the questions/answers from the compiled list (attached). We got these:

- When is a takeoff alternate required? If the weather at your departure airport is below the minima for the approach to be used, a T/O alternate is required.

- The NOTAMS indidcate the approach lights are out. Are you permitted to make a CAT IIIB approach? (Note: this is not a memory item). The answer is: Not allowed for operations with DH>50 feet. This can be found in OMPA 8.1.3.6 under Table 1 – Failed or Downgraded equipment and the associated effect on landing minima. Just say you must consult this table.

- A slide shows the aircraft above 1000’. On a CAT II approach, the RVR deteriorates below minima what action should you take? If available, reset minima and continue, if not go around at 1000’ (approach ban).

- What are the LVO crosswind limits for the following countries? USA: 15 kts. Canada: 15 kts. Australia: 10 kts if any RVR is less than 200m, otherwise, 15 kts. Ref: OMPA 8.4.2.1 and also can be found in Port Pages.

- On a CAT IIIB approach, the autothrottle fails below 1000’ what do you do? If RVR suitable for CAT IIIA or better you can continue but don’t change the minima, otherwise if unable, go-around.

- What is the alert height for the 777? 200’ RA - Is it possible to conduct a CAT IIIB approach with the left autothrottle U/S? In short,

the answer is No – both autothrottles must be serviceable. Now, this question assumes that both engines are operating normally and only one A/T is U/S. If this is the case then the answer stands as it is, no. However, if you have an engine failure, and the A/T for your operating engine is working, you MAY conduct a CAT IIIB approach! So the lesson learnt is: if you have CAT IIIB weather with one A/T U/S, just shut down the engine with the inop. A/T continue and land (You didn’t learn that from me!) But seriously, it makes logical sense – you want both autothrottles working if you have both engines operating – esp. in the event of a go-around.

- If the F/O’s autopilot disconnect switch on his/her control wheel is inoperative, can you still conduct a CAT II approach? No. One may inoperative provided: the autopilot is not used below 1,500 feet AGL and approach minimums do not require use of the autopilot. (Reference: DDG 22-11-08A). On Boeings, both pilots must retain control. A PADD must be raised downgrading to “No Autoland” capability.

- What is the significance of the PFD localizer and G/S deviation indicator turning amber and flashing? Short term signal interference indicating excessive deviation from flight path at low RA.

- What action is required in the above situation above alert height? If the aircraft is correcting, you may continue.

- Some slides depicting short and long-term signal interference. If short, the aircraft will ignore the deviation and continue in attitude stabilization mode based on ADIRU data. If long-term signal interference is encountered, an AMBER line through the invalid mode will occur, the AUTOPILOT EICAS message will appear but the autopilot will not disconnect. The aircraft will remain in attitude stablizaton mode and the F/D bars may disappear.

Then followed some LIMITATIONS questions:

- #1: What are the maximum allowable wind speeds when landing weather minima are predicated on autoland operations? Headwind 25 kts, tailwind 15 kts, crosswind 25 kts.

- #3: What are the two EICAS messages that won’t change the AFDS annunciator from LAND 3 to LAND 2 below 1000’? AUTOTHROTTLE and SINGLE SOURCE DISPLAYS.

Then follows some ICING questions:

- How much ice and/or snow are allowed on the leading edges, upper surfaces and wings? None – must be free of ice and snow.

- #7: What is permitted on the fuselage? Thin hoar frost allowed on upper fuselage. All vents and ports must be clear.

- #15: What holdover time should we use - longer or shorter? Shorter. - #1: When would you suspect structural icing in flight? Check for ice build-up on

windshield wiper, or window frame or pane etc. Pretty much “when you see it.” !)RT4)–)2013)No)questions)asked.)Know)the)QRH)Memory)Items)and)Maneuvers))END.)