PROPOSAL FINAL PROJECT
DESIGN PROTOTYPE OF SMART HOME FOR MONITORING
AND CONTROLLING LAMPS SWITCHES BASED ON ARDUINO
SYSTEM
Arrange as one of requirement to finish the educational S1
at Department of Electrical Faculty Engineering
Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta
Written by :
ILHAM NUR ZAKARIA
D400112006
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL FACULTY ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
2015
APPROVAL
PROPOSAL FINAL PROJECT
DESIGN PROTOTYPE OF SMART HOME FOR MONITORING AND CONTROLLING LAMPS SWITCHES BASED ON ARDUINO
SYSTEM
Written by :
Ilham Nur Zakaria
D400112006
Arrange as one of requirement to finish the educational S1
Department of Electrical Faculty Engineering
Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta
Has been approved and endorsed by :
The lectures at date : …………………………….
Supervisor 1 Supervisor 2
Bana Handaga , PhD Dedi Ary Prasetya, ST
I. INTRODUCTION
I.1 Background
The house is a place where people live to take refuge from the
influence of the circumstances surrounding nature such as rain, sun, etc. It
is also a place to rest after work or performs activities during the day.
Every man would need a place to stay and spend time with their family,
which is why the house became the basic human needs. Security has
become main problem in home. It can make people calm and feel save
when they are inside or outside the home. It is the reason why people make
security to their home.
The concept of Smart Home is popular today but still rarely used in
Indonesia. Smart Home is a technology that makes the house into a smart
and automatic. Typically, this technology has the automation or manual
systems to control lighting, security and many other functions. This system
integrates an electronic control with just a button connected to the
telecommunication system is simple. There are several concepts of
communication systems within the Smart Home such as Global System for
Mobile Communication (GSM), microwaves, infrared (IR), radio
frequency (RF), Bluetooth, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC),
Platform, Wi-Fi and WLAN.
Based on Background above, in this final project will be made
simulation design Prototype of Smart Home for monitoring and controlling
the lamps switches-based on Arduino system.
I.2 Research Problems
Based on the background, there are some problems in this final
project could be defined, as follows:
a. How to make a prototype of a smart home controller to switches
control for lamps.
b. How to build a system that can maintain and monitor the house when
the owner of the house away.
I.3 Limitation of the study
The final project is restricted to a few conditions:
a. The prototype of this smart home has two main rooms, one
bedroom and kitchens.
b. It has two motion sensors using PIR (passive infrared) and a
temperature sensor (LM35).
c. There are four rooms in it and every room has a switches control
for lamps.
d. The smart home prototype is connected via internet network using
Ethernet.
e. There is information or report when electrical source off suddenly
I.4 The objectives
The objectives of this thesis are:
a. Designing and making a prototype of a smart home controller for
switches control for lamps.
b. Designing and making a system that can maintain and monitor the
house when the owner of the house away.
I.5 Research Methods
a. Literature Review
Study on existing references, either in the form of books and scholarly
works related to the writing of this study.
b. Data collecting
This activity is collecting data of some datasheet, software (Arduino
Uno) and some similar equipment specifications.
c. The design of the device
1. Designing a block diagram system
2. Assemble all equipment
3. Designing and making a program to create a Web Server
4. testing the system
d. Testing the system
1. Testing internet connection
2. Testing monitoring movement with PIR sensor
3. Testing of temperature monitoring with sensor LM-35
4. Testing the control of switches lamps
e. Data analysis
Analysis of the data is on the test system.
f. Conclusions
Conclusion is made by looking at the results of system when testing
has been done.
I.6 Literature
Previous studies that have been done related to the topic, which is
used as the material for the development of the research is as follows:
Research conducted by Triawati and Arita (2014), which is has result
that Smart Home's performance is as follows: using infrared sensors and
limit switches for automatic control of the process of opening and closing
the gate, outdoor and garden lighting is activated by a light sensor, the fan
is activated by limit switches, indoor lighting is activated by limit switches
and sensors. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) as input to activate
Relay and Timer. The weakness of this study is not able to control
remotely, only in the home environment. It also not connected to the
Internet so it can’t keep an eye on the house in real time.
Husna Mubarok M. (2013) had study of controlling a smart home
which is conducted by Scheme Multi plat form, which is a combination of
hardware (hardware) with a software framework (software). This
communication is using the Internet as a media controller with web
hosting and domain. The weakness of this study can be seen that there was
no confirmation or information when the sensor works.
Rozita Teymourzadeh. (2012) has implemented the concept of serial
communication and AT-commands to the development of smart home
automation system based on GSM. The owners will be able to receive the
response status of each household appliance under control is switch on or
off remotely from their mobile phones. The weakness of the study is still
use sms.
II. REFERENCES
2.1 Arduino Uno
The Arduino Uno is a platform that is open source in software and
hardware. Important component of the arduino is ATmega328
microcontroller with 8 bits. Arduino Uno can be powered via the USB
connection or with an external power supply. Power source is selected
automatically.
Figure 1. Arduino Uno
The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the
ATmega328 (datasheet). It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can
be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a
USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.
Specifications available on the Arduino Uno as follows:
a. MicrocontrollerATmega328
b. Operating Voltage 5V
c. Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V
d. Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
e. Digital I/O Pins14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
f. Analog Input Pins 6
g. DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
h. DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
i. Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB used by
bootloader
j. SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)
k. EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)
l. Clock Speed 16 MHz
2.2 Ethernet shield
Arduino Ethernet Shield allows an Arduino board to connect to the
internet. It is based on the Wiznet W5100 Ethernet chip (datasheet). The
Wiznet W5100 provides a network (IP) stacks capable of both TCP and
UDP. Ethernet shield connects to an Arduino board using long wire-wrap
headers which extend through the shield. This keeps the pin layout intact and
allows another shield to be stacked on top.
Figure 2. Ethernet Shield
There is an onboard micro-SD card slot, which can be used to store
files for serving over the network. The onboard microSD card reader is
accessible through the SD Library. When working with this library, SS is on
Pin 4. The original revision of the shield contained a full-size SD card slot.
The shield contains a number of informational LEDs:
a. PWR: indicates that the board and shield are powered.
b. LINK: indicates the presence of a network link and flashes when the
shield transmits or receives data.
c. FULLD: indicates that the network connection is full duplex.
d. 100M: indicates the presence of a 100 Mb/s network connection (as
opposed to 10 Mb/s).
e. RX: flashes when the shield receives data.
f. TX: flashes when the shield sends data.
g. COLL: flashes when network collisions are detected.
2.3 Monitoring or control device
Monitoring or control device is a device that used to display the state
of lights and sensors. It is used as the control buttons. There are some
devices that can be used such as Laptops, Computers, Tablets, and
Smartphone.
2.4 Relay module
Relay is a mechanical switch that is controlled or electronically
controlled (electro-magnetic). Switch on the relay will be changes in
position OFF to ON at the time given energy of electronic magnetic in the
relay armature. Relay basically consists of two main parts: a mechanical
switch and electromagnetic generator system (iron core inductor). Switch or
contactor relay is controlled using an electric voltage is applied to the
inductor's magnetic power to attract the armature lever switch or contactor
relays.
Figure 3. Relay
Relay is needed in electronic circuits as well as the executor of the
interface between the load and the different electronic control system power
supply system. Physically, the switch or contactor with relay electromagnet
is separated. So, between the load and control system will be separated. The
main part of electro mechanical relays as follows:
a. electromagnet coil
b. Switch or contactor
c. Swing Armature
d. Spring
2.5 PIR Sensor
PIR (Passive Infrared Receiver) is an infrared-based sensor. However,
unlike most of the infrared sensor consists of an IR LED and a
phototransistor. PIR does not emit any such IR LEDs. As the name suggests
'Passive', this sensor only responds to the energy of passive infrared rays
which are owned by each object detected by it. Objects that can be detected
by this sensor is usually the human body.
Figure 4 PIR Sensor
PIR module (motion sensor) is very simple and easy to apply. PIR
module requires a 5V DC input voltage is quite effective to detect motion up
to a distance of 5 meters. When it does not detect motion, the output module
is LOW. And when it detects a movement, then the output will change to
HIGH. The HIGH pulse width is ± 0.5 seconds. The sensitivity of PIR
module is capable of detecting the presence of motion at a distance of 5
meters allows us to make a motion detector with greater success. PIR
module (motion sensor) has an output that can be connected directly with
TTL or CMOS digital components and can also be directly connected to the
microcontroller.
2.7 Sensor LM-35
The temperature sensor IC LM 35 is a semiconductor IC chip that
serves to determine the temperature of an object or space in the form of
electrical quantities, or can also be defined as an electronic component that
serves to change the temperature changes received in the amount of
electrical changes. LM35 temperature sensor ICs can convert temperature
changes into a change in voltage at the output. LM35 temperature sensor IC
requires a DC voltage source and a +5 volt DC current consumption of 60
uA in operation.
Figure 5 LM-35 Sensors
From Figure 5 it can be seen that the temperature sensor IC LM35
basically have 3 pin that serves as a source of supply voltage of +5 volts DC,
as a result of sensing the output pin in the form of changes in the DC voltage
at V out and pin to Ground.
IC LM35 temperature sensor characteristics are:
a. Temperature sensitivity, with linear scaling factor between the
voltage and temperature of 10 m Volt / ºC, so it can be calibrated
directly in centigrade.
b. Have precision or accuracy of the calibration is 0.5ºC at 25 ºC
c. Has a maximum range of operating temperatures between -55 ºC to
+150 ºC.
d. Working at a voltage of 4 to 30 volts.
III. SYSTEM DESIGN
3.1 The Design of Hardware
In Figure 6 can be seen Block diagram of hardware design tools for
monitoring and setting the switch lighting.
Figure 6 Block Diagram System
System block diagram consists of several parts:
monitoring/controlling devices, networking, arduino microcontroller and
input/output. Monitoring/controlling device is a web page that will connect
with the arduino through Ethernet Shield. Microcontroller will get input
from PIR 1, PIR 2 and LM-35. PIR sensors are used to monitor human
movement, while LM-35 sensor is used to detect room temperature.
Microcontroller also generates an output of relay to controlling the switch
of lamps.
Ethernet Shield
PIR 2
Lamp 2
Lamp 1
Lamp 4
LM 35
PIR 1
Lamp 3
Relay
Microcontroller Aduino Uno
Monitoring/ Controlling
Device
3.2 The design of Software
1. Display in the monitoring / controlling device
The design of the display on the monitoring / controlling user interface is as
shown in Figure 7
Figure 7 the design of the display on user interface
The user interface is used as a monitor and control lighting switches.
There are several buttons to turn on and turn off the lights. The condition of the
room was also monitored by two PIR sensors to monitor human movement and
a LM35 sensor for monitoring.
2. Software used
a. Arduino IDE
Arduino is an application that is used to program the Arduino
(hardware). “Processing” is a programming language used to write the
OffOn
Monitoring
Sensor is detected
Switch
The Last Project
program in Arduino. Processing is a high level programming language
that is very similar to C ++ and Java, so users who are familiar with both
languages will have no difficulty with Processing.
b. Wampserver
Wampserver is an application that can make a computer into a server.
Usefulness, it is to create local networks by self in the sense that can
create a website offline for a period of trial and error on computer.
WampServer use programming languages such as HTML or PHP.
3.3 The design of Prototype
The design of the prototype is as shown in Figure 8
Figure 8. The design of prototype
Figure 9. Denah prototype
The Prototype has some contents includes the front porch, two main rooms,
one bedroom, kitchen and device place. Control lamps switches are placed at the
front porch, two main rooms and kitchen. Two PIR sensors are placed at main
room 1 and bedroom, while the temperature sensor is placed at kitchen.
3.4 Flowchart of system
Figure 8 Flowchart of system
Start
DESIGN WEB SERVER
CONNECTED ?
Relay on
PROGRAMING ARDUINO TO BE WEB CLIENT
SYNCHRONIZATION WEB SERVER WITH ARDUINO
TEKAN TOMBOL ON/OFF
TESTING INPUT/OUTPUT
DISPLAY RESULTS IN MONITORING DEVICE
Lamp on
PIR 1
End
Testing successfully?
PIR 2 LM-35
Testing successfully?REPAIR 2
REPAIR 1
Y
N
Y Y
NN
Based on the flow chart in Figure 8, after the making of the user
interface and programming arduino, commands from the user interface will be
synchronized with the arduino via connection Ethernet shield to make sure
both devices are connected. If still not connected, the program will be fixed in
advance. When it is connected, arduino will get the status of input and output
devices. Input from arduino includes two PIR sensors and a LM35 sensor.
That will detect the condition of some of the rooms. After the test is successful
it will show the condition of the room on the user interface. That output from
arduino are used to control the lighting, which can be done via the user
interface.
IV. SCHEDULE OF RESEARCH
4.1 Schedule of Research
The study schedule of this research can be seen in Table 1
Table 1 Schedule of Research
No Schedule Bulan Tahun 2015Weeks- February March April May June
1. Study Pustaka
2. Making Proposal
3. filing Proposal
4. Register and Seminar Proposal
5. Design device
6. Making device
7. Making Program
8. Testing Device
9. Making report and analysis
10. Seminar TA
4.2 Tools and materials
Tools and materials that are used to the research as follows :
Hardware :
a. Laptop Dell
b. Smartphone
c. Arduino Uno
d. Ethernet Shield
e. Sensor PIR
f. Sensor LM-35
g. Relay
h. Cable jumper
i. Solder
j. Multitester
k. Lamp
Software :
a. Program Arduino
b. Wampserver
c. Windows 7
d. Microsoft office, to process data
V. WRITING SYSTEMATIC
This thesis has the following subjects:
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
In Chapter I described the background of the problem, formulation of the
problem, problem definition, research objectives, research methods and
systematic writing
CHAPTER II BASIC THEORY
Chapter II discusses the basic - the basic theory used, as well as a general
description section - part system for monitoring the control room of the house
and light switches.
CHAPTER III DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
Chapter III contains an overview and designs are made in terms of
mechanics, electronics and also the program, accompanied by an explanation
flow diagram.
CHAPTER IV TESTING AND ANALYSIS
Chapter IV contains the results of the analysis and testing of software and
hardware.
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION
In Chapter V contains some conclusions derived from the results of the
design, manufacture and testing tools. It also contains some suggestions for the
development of tools in the future will come.
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