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Complete Solutions forMulti-Storey and Underground
Car Parks
Co
nstruct
ion
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ContentParking Structures Today 4-5
Sika Complete Solutionsfor New Build and Refurbishment Parking Structures 6-7
Standards and Test Methods 8-11
Car Park Flooring and Coating Solutions 12-18
Car Park Maintenance Instruction for Flooring 19
Watertight Concrete for Basement Car Parks 20
Car Park Joint Sealing Solutionsfor Facades and Precast Concrete Elements 21
Car Park Concrete Refurbishment Solutions 22-25
Car Park Case Studies 26-27
Sika Complete solutions for new build and refurbishment
of car park structures
Are you looking for a partner who can offer complete solutions for the newbuild and refurbishment of your car park structures? With its extensiveproject portfolio and technical experience Sika has proven over manyyears that it can be the right partner for you. Whether you need to selectthe right admixtures for your concrete, choose the correct waterproofingsolutions for the basement, identify the ideal waterproofing deckingsystems, install the perfect joint sealants or repair and protect yourconcrete or steel structure Sika has the solution.
Sikafloor car park deck systems are suitable for a wide range ofapplications for multi-storey and underground car parks. The systems aredesigned to meet the needs of both new build and refurbishment projects.These include: Top decks and exposed areas; Intermediate decks; Groundbearing slabs; Ramps. The Sikafloor product range comprises a number ofcomponents to provide a complete car park decking solution. This includes
primers, base coats and seal coats.
The systems are so versatile that they can be designed to suit mostapplications providing the specifier with solutions including monolithicfinishes for concrete slabs, elastomeric crack bridging car park decksystems, rigid ultra durable coloured deck systems and fast curing decksystems which can be applied in lower temperatures.
Available in a range of colours, the system offers a variety of qualitiessuch as slip resistance, impact resistance, abrasion resistance andelastomeric waterproofing qualities to cope with the daily rigours ofconstant traffic.
Sika is a global company with more than 100 production and marketingcompanies in over 70 countries. With its Construction Division, Sika is themost complete and competent partner for the new construction,protection and refurbishment and we are sure this brochure will give youa good overview of Sikas solutions. For further support and information,please contact 01707 3944444, email, [email protected] or visit,www.sika.co.uk
Multi-Storey andUnderground Car Parks
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Sika Complete Solutionsfor New Build and Refurbishment of Parking Structures
Flooring and Coating Solutions
Page 8
Detailing and Joint Solutions
Page 18
Watertight Concrete for Basement Car Parks
Page 20
Joint Sealing Solutions
for Facades and Precast Concrete Elements
Page 21
Concrete Refurbishment Solutions
Page 24
Ramp Solutions
Page 10/11
www.sika.co.uk
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BS/EN Standards and Test Methods
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n The tests within it reflect every possibleexposure to guarantee the applicabilityof systems
For example, the test method for the resinbased decking systems, reflects everypossible exposure on car parks, such as:
n Artificial weathering (DIN 53384
EN 1062-11)n Pull off tests in line with EN 13687n Abrasion/wear resistance test SRT (61)
to DIN 51 963n Slip resistance test to ( DIN 51130 or
EN 660)n Skid resistance test SRT (62) to BS 812n Artificial ageing for 7 days @ 70C
(EN 660)n Chemical resistance test (EN 660)n Impact resistance test (EN ISO 6272)n Test to determine crack bridging
properties of decking system (EN1062- 7)- Dynamic and static of 0.3mm @ - 20C- Static of 0.1mm @ -10C
The European standard for repair mortars,protective coatings and waterproofingmembranes is BS EN 1504. This standardis based on the German equivalent Rili-DAfStb. The reason for following theGerman standard was because it was themost complete and complex standard forsuch applications; in fact it was the onlystandard that tested and categorised car
park decking membranes. Therefore, thisstandard has had a significant influenceon the development of the Europeanstandard (most of the test procedureswithin the German Standard have an ENnumber already).
Sika repair mortars, protective coatingsand decking membranes for car parkshave been tested in accordance with theGerman Rili-DAfStb and now the newEuropean standard.
A question often asked is, Why is theGerman standard of importance to theNew European standard?':
n It defines surface preparation, for allconcrete repair systems, injectionresins and protective coatings therefore, it is easy to comparedifferent systems and their capabilities
in order to choose the best and mostappropriate ones
n It is the only standard that includesdecking membranes especially for carparks therefore, the tested systemswill provide a high level of certainty forthe end user
n It is approved by the Germangovernment (independent non-profitable organisation) independentresults to make an objective decision
n It defines standardised testingmethods comparison of differentsystems and materials is easilypossible
OS 8: Rigid, broadcasted, coloured,high wear resistant surfaceprotection system for concreteaccording to DIN EN 1504-2 inconsideration of DIN V 18026 forOS 8.
OS 11 a/b: Flexible, broadcasted, dynamiccrack-bridging, coloured, wearresistant surface protectionsystem for concrete according toDIN EN 1504-2 in considerationof DIN V 18026 for OS 11 a/b.
OS 13: Flexible, broadcasted, staticcrack-bridging, coloured, wearresistant surface protectionsystem for concrete according toDIN EN 1504-2 in considerationof DIN V 18026 for OS 13.
German Standards Definitions Example of test method used to determine crack bridging properties: (EN 1062)
System: OS-11Classification: II T+V, dynamicW T, O = 0.30mm upper crack widthW T, U = 0.10mm lower crack width W V = 0.10mm change of crack with through traffic
Note: the graph is showing 1 cycle, the testsinvolves a total of 1000 cycles
Crack width
5 Hz Sinus50 RW
0.1 mm
Note: the graph is showing 1 cycle, the tests involves a total of 1000 cycles
W T, O
W T, U
O 33.33Time (sec)
s
s
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When selecting a waterproofdecking system(s) for New Build andRefurbishment of car parks, a suitablyqualified and experienced Architect/Engineer should always consider thefollowing factors in order to select themost appropriate system to meet theirrequirement based on the constructionof the structure, i.e in-situ concrete, steel
framed, composite decks or precast units.
Movementn Ground movement or movement
of the structure or of individualcomponents, eg at construction joints,expansion joints is usually visible
Parking structures in use are alwayssubject to dynamic loading
Thermal Variationsn Sunlight causes thermal expansion
and stress crackingn Frost causes thermal contraction and
freeze / thaw damagen Ultraviolet light causes degradation
of organic materials, ie waterproofingmembranes, resin and coatings
Atmospheric Carbonation -n Atmospheric carbon dioxide graduallyand progressively reduces theprotective alkaline layer around thereinforcement, which will allow thesteel to corrode
Rainwatern With water filling the pores and capil-
laries, concrete becomes susceptibleto freeze/thaw damage
n In carbonated concrete water ingresswill allow steel reinforcement tocorrode
De-icing Saltsn
De-icing salts are based onchlorides. The penetration of watercontaminated by de-icing saltinto concrete cause corrosion ofembedded steel reinforcementand often cracking, spalling anddelamination of concrete cover
BS/EN Standards and Test Methods continued/...
Aggressive Pollutantsn Acidic oxide gases of sulphur and
nitrogen from exhausts diffuse intothe condensation and attack andcorrode the concrete surface, whichreduces the strength and increasesthe porosity
Automotive Fluidsn
Some liquids, such as hydraulic brakefluid, are very aggressive and willattack concrete and steel surfaces
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Mechanical Exposuren The decks of parking structures
are exposed to different levels ofmechanical stress, according totheir location and function, ie:
- Pedestrian levels: walkways - Standard levels: in primary parking
bays - Heavy levels: entrance and exit
areas, ramps and turning cycles
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Car Park Flooring and Coating Solutions
Sikas car park decking systems can alsobe designed to the desired colour schemeof your choice. A bright and light car parkalso helps to improve the safety andsecurity of your car park in order for visitorsto feel more comfortable.
Sikas Support and Sevice
The global presence of Sika means, thatwe are able to support you in your countryin order to assist with the correct selectionof the protective system needed.Furthermore, our technical teams are morethan happy in helping you to decide on theright solutions for your car park by offering
the necessary tests reports, specificationsand trial areas.
Introduction
Car Park Decking Systems have many
functionsranging from waterproofingproperties to design possibilities. Sika offersa wide portfolio of car park deckingsystems for various applications andstructures. From a technical point of view,the main objective for car park decking
systems is to protect the reinforcedconcrete structure in order to avoid the
ingressof water and corrosive de-icingsalts. Therefore, crack-bridging propertiesare essential to accommodate themovement of the parking structure,especially with steel frame compositestructures and exposed areas. Ramps forexample need a higher degree of slipresistance and are much more exposed tomechanical stress, which the systemshave to withstand.
Systems for Above Occupied Premises
Broadcast highly crack-bridgingdeck system
nDynamic and static c rack-bridgingproperties up to 20 C
nWaterproofnAbrasion resistantnGerman standard (OS-11 a)nUV-stablenConforms to BS EN 1504
Broadcast fast curing reinforcedcrack-bridging deck systm
nCrack-bridging propertiesnReinforcednWaterproofnFast curingnAbrasion resistantnUV stable
nConforms to BS EN 1504
Primer:Sikafloor-10/-13 ProntoBase coat: Sikafloor-15 ProntoFleece: SikalasticFleeceEncapsulation layer: Sikafloor
-15 ProntoWearing course: Sikafloor-15 ProntoBroadcast: quartz sandSeal coat: Sikafloor-18 ProntoA fast curing, coloured, crack-bridging,reinforced, protective waterproofing and
wearing surface for car parking structures.Total system thickness: ca. 4 6 mm
Primer: Sikafloor-161Membrane:Sikafloor-350 N ElasticWearing course: Sikafloor-375/355NBroadcast: quartz sandSeal coat: Sikafloor-359 NA total solid, coloured, highly crack-bridging,protective waterproofing and wearing surfacefor car parking structures.Total system thickness: ca. 4 5 mm
The requirements for waterproofing and wearing surfaces over occupied premises are especially demanding. They must not only prevent the ingressofwater but also withstand the mechanical exposure caused by the traffic.
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Design / Build-up
Systems for Top Decks and Exposed Areas Systems for Intermediate Decks
Requirements Sika System / Performance
Broadcast tough elastic deck system
nStatic crack-bridging properties up to -10CnWaterproofnAbrasion resistantnImpact resistantnUV stablenMeets German standard (0S-13)nConforms to BS EN 1504
Broadcast coloured deck system
nWaterproof
nAbrasion resistant
nImpact resistantnConforms to BS EN 1504
Broadcast fast curing deck system
nWaterproofnFast curingnAbrasion resistantnUV stablenConforms to BS EN 1504
Primer:Sikafloor-161Wearing course: Sikafloor-355N/375Broadcast: quartz sandSeal coat: Sikafloor-359 NA total solid, coloured, static crack-bridging,protective waterproofing and wearing surfacefor car parking structures.Total system thickness: ca. 2 3 mm
Primer: Sikafloor-10/-13 ProntoWearing course: Sikafloor-14 ProntoBroadcast: quartz sandSeal coat: Sikafloor-18 Pronto
A fast curing, coloured, protective waterproofing
and wearing surface for car parking structures.Total system thickness: ca. 2 4 mm
Primer: Sikafloor-161 (optional)Wearing course: Sikafloor-161 FillerBroadcast: quartz sandSeal coat: Sikafloor-264A total solid, coloured, protective waterproofingand wearing surface for car parking structures.Total system thickness: ca. 2 4 mm
The requirements for waterproofing and wearing surfaces for exposed areas are to prevent the ingress of water and chlorides and offer a longterm solution for refurbishment and new build structures. Therefore, crack-bridging properties are necessary to deal with the thermalvariation.
For intermediate decks of steel frame structures, it may be necessary to use a highly crack-bridging system (please refer to systems for Top Decksand Exposed Areas on the previous pages).
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Design / Build-upRequirements Sika System / Performance
Primer: Sikafloor-161Wearing course: Sikafloor
-350 N
ElasticBroadcast: quartz sandSeal coat: Sikafloor-359 NA total solid, elastomeric, protectivewaterproofing and wearing surface for carpark decks.
Total system thickness: min 4 mm
Broadcast Crack-Bridging deck system
nDynamic and static crack-bridgingproperties up to -20 C
nColourednWaterproofnAbrasion resistantnMeets German Standard (OS-11b)nUV stablenConforms to BS EN 1504
Broadcast Fast Curing Crack-Bridgingdeck system
nCrack-bridging propertiesnColourednWaterproofnAbrasion resistantnFast curenUV stablenConforms to BS EN 1504
Primer: Sikafloor-10/-13 ProntoBase coat: Sikafloor-15 ProntoBroadcast: quartz sandSeal coat: Sikafloor-18 Pronto
A total solid, coloured, fast curing,
elastomeric,
protective waterproofing and wearingsurface for car park decks.Total system thickness: min 3 4 mm
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Systems for Ground Bearing Slabs Systems for Ramps
Monolithic Finish for Concrete
nEconomic hardenernGood abrasion resistancenGood impact resistancenColours available
Broadcast tough elastic deck system
nStatic crack-bridging propertiesnWaterproofnAbrasion resistantnImpact resistantnUV stablenConforms to BS EN 1504
Broadcast ECC system
nMedium wear resistancenMedium thermal shock resistancenSlip resistancenColourednConforms to BS EN 1504
Broadcast coloured deck system
nWaterproofnAbrasion resistantnImpact resistantnConforms to BS EN 1504
Broadcast coloured deck system
nWaterproofnAbrasion resistantnImpact resistantnConforms to BS EN 1504
Water dispersed coloured roller coating
nLight to medium wear resistancenSurface stabilisationnPrevent concrete dustingnColourednConforms to BS EN 1504
Broadcast fast curing deck system
nWaterproofnFast curingnAbrasion resistantnConforms to BS EN 1504
Monolithic concrete slab usingSikamentor SikaViscoCreteSCC Technology. Dry shake floor hardenerSikafloor-Fibreshieldapplied tothe fresh concrete slab before thepowerfloat finish, surface cured andsealedwith Sikafloor-Proseal WorSikafloor-Proseal.
Primer: Sikafloor-161Wearing course: Sikafloor-325Broadcast: quartz sandSeal coat: Sikafloor-359 NA total solid, coloured, static crack-bridging,protective waterproofing and wearing surfacefor car parking structures.Total system thickness: 3 5 mm
Primer: Sikafloor-161(optional)Wearing course: Sikafloor-161FillerBroadcast: quartz sandSeal coat: Sikafloor-264
A total solid, coloured, protective
waterproofing and wearing surface for car
parking structures.
Total system thickness: ca. 2 4 mm
Coating: 2 x Sikafloor-2530 WA two part, water dispersed, coloured,epoxy resin based coating.Total system thickness: 0.5 1.0 cm
Primer: Sikafloor-10/-13 ProntoWearing course: Sikafloor-14 ProntoBroadcast: quartz sandSeal coat: Sikafloor-18 Pronto
A fast curing, coloured, protective waterproofingand wearing surface for car parking structures.Total system thickness: 3 5 mm
Primer: Sikafloor-155 WNECC screed: Sikafloor-81 EpoCemBroadcast: quartz sandSeal coat: Sikafloor-264A total solid, coloured, ECC-binder forlevellingand broadcast systems for groundbearing slabs with a high moisture content.Total system thickness: ca. 2 3 mm
Primer: Sikafloor-161 (optional)Wearing course: Sikafloor-161 FillerBroadcast: quartz sandSeal coat: Sikafloor-264
A total solid, coloured, protective waterproofingand wearing surface for car parking structures.
Total system thickness: 3 5 mm
Wearing surfaces for ground bearing slabs often have to deal with rising moisture due to a missing or damaged damp proof membrane. In thiscase, vapour permeable systems or the unique Sikafloor-EpoCemTechnology should be used.
Waterproofing and wearing surfaces for ramps are especially exposed to mechanical impact and abrasion. They should offer a hard wearing surfaceinorder to deal with the traffic not only on the ramps but at the turning circles as well. For exposed areas, it may be necessary to use a highly crack-bridging system (please refer to systems for Top Decks and Exposed Areas on the previous pages).
Design / Build-upRequirements Sika System / Performance Design / Build-upRequirements Sika System / Performance
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Systems for Entrance Areas, Walkwaysand Staircases
The entrance area, walkways and staircases are the business card of a car park. Floor and wall coatings not only have to fulfil all technicalrequirements but also be aesthetically pleasing.Sikafloor-264 Thixooffers the right balance between cleanability and slipresistance, so that the floor of your entrance area of your car park always looks inviting.
Sikagard-Wallcoat Noffers an e asy-to-clean, mechanical and chemical resistant solution for walls and soffits. Therefore, it is especially suitable for
the use in staircases and for parapet walls in order to remove easily the exhaust marks of cars. Furthermore, a wide portfolio of wall andsoffit coatings is available from Sika, ranging from hydrophobic impregnations to elastic protective coatings, which are described on page 24.
Textured, coloured rigid coating
nGood wear and abrasion resistancenGood chemical resistancenSlip resistancenEasy cleaningnColourednConforms to BS EN 1504
Water dispersed coloured wall coating
nGood chemical and mechanical resistancenGood opacitynWater vapour permeablenEasy to cleannOdourlessnColoured
Primer: Sikafloor-161Coating:Sikafloor-264 ThixoA total solid, coloured, epoxy binderfor textured coating systems.Total layer thickness: approx.0.6 1.0 cm
Primer: Sikagard-Wallcoat N+ 5 %
water
Coating: Sikagard-Wallcoat NA coloured water dispersed epoxy resinbased coating for walls.Total layer thickness: approx. 0.2 0.4mm
Design / Build-up
Requirements
Requirements
Sika System / Performance
Sika System / Performance
Car Park Maintenance Instruction for Flooring
The intensity and the frequency of the cleaning intervals depend strongly on the frequency ofthe use, weather conditions and the situationof the surfaces in the multi-storey car park.The decision of whether an individual multi-storey car park must be cleaned daily, weekly,monthly or annually, can be specified only inaccordance with the individual local conditions.Therefore, an optimal cleaning plan will be setup only after a certain trial period.
For the different requirements and conditions indifferent individual projects, individualinvestigation of the assigned machines,procedures and chemicals is recommended.The selection of the machines dependsstrongly on the size of the surfaces which have
to be maintained and the spatial conditions(e.g. passage heights, downward gradients).Therefore please always seek advice from your
local cleaning company or the manufacturerof cleaning agents or/and equipment.
Coatings for multi-storey car parks are exposedto different types of loads such as thermal,mechanical and chemical stresses. Theconcrete surface must be protected not onlyfrom damaging media such as water, chloride, fuels, oils or battery acids, but also the coating of the floors must bear strong mechanicallyand abrasive loads when driven over. At thesame time high requirements in terms ofaesthetics and durability have to be fulfilled.An optimal and regular care of the coatingsupports their preservation of value and thusensures long protective function. Especiallyin the cold and wet season the slip resistancefor the floor of the car park becomes veryimportant.
Design / Build-up
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Car Park Concrete Refurbishment Solutions
Successful concrete refurbishment startswith a detailed condition survey to identifythe root causes of degradation. After theassessment, the appropriate repair andprotection strategy and repair works canbe defined according to local standardsand manufactured and tested in
compliance with European StandardBS EN 1504.
Sika Solutions forRefurbishment ofParking Structures
Sika offers a full range of well introducedand innovative solutions for concreterefurbishment,for example:
nHigh performance repair mortarsnFull range of high performance
hydrophobic impregnationsnVarious types of protective, decorative
surface coatingsnUnique corrosion inhibitorsnProven strengthening systems
In addition Sika can provide innovativeprovensolutions for certain c onditions, e.g.repair mortars which can be applied tosoffits while the car deck above is in use(application under dynamic loading).
Waterproofing
The basis of every car park flooring systemis a solid and sound concrete structure.Therefore, proper maintenance of thereinforced concrete structure is essentialin order to guarantee a prolonged design life.
This includes:nProtection of the steel reinforcementn
Repair of damaged and deterioratedconcretenProtection of exposed concrete surfaces
against mechanical, chemical andphysical attacks
nStrengthening of reinforced concretestructures which are too weak to carrythe required load
Systems for Concrete Repair
For localised, fast setting repair
Example of Sika repair system (R3)
nReinforcement Corrosion ProtectionSikaMonoTop-610
nBonding primerSikaMonoTop-610
nRepair mortarSikaMonoTop-615
nSmoothing mortarSikaMonoTop-620
CharacteristicsnClass R3 repair system according
European Standard BS EN 1504-3nOne-component systemnEasy handling and applicationnAccelerated setting for fast repair works
For structural concrete repair
Example of Sika repair system (R4)
nReinforcement Corrosion ProtectionSikaMonoTop-610
nBonding primer (if necessary)SikaMonoTop-610
nRepair mortarSikaMonoTop-612
SikaRapid Repair MortarnSmoothing mortar
SikaMonoTop-620
CharacteristicsnClass R4 repair system according
European Standard BS EN 1504-3nEasy handling and applicationnBetter yieldnThick layer applicationnSulphate resistancenLow shrinkage behaviour
Sika produces a full range of products and systems for structural and non-structural concrete repair, such as reinforcement corrosion protection,
bonding primers for difficult substrates, repair mortars with special properties and smoothing and levelling mortars for special site conditions
on job site.
Sika Concrete Repair SolutionsFor structural concrete repairwith increased requirements
Example of Sika repair system (R4)
nReinforcement Corrosion ProtectionSikaTop
-Armatec
-110 EpoCem
nBonding primer (if necessary)SikaTop-Armatec-110 EpoCem
nRepair mortarSikaMonoTop-612
SikaRapid Repair Mortar SikaArmorex-ArmorcretenSmoothing mortar
Sikagard-720 EpoCem
CharacteristicsnClass R4 repair system according
European Standard BS EN 1504-3nDesigned for demanding concrete repairsnFor spray applicationnProved for repair work under dynamic loadingnSulphate resistancenLow shrinkage behaviour
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Systems for Structural Strengthening
Sika Structural Strengthening Solutions
Systems for Concrete Protection
Corrosion management system
Sika concrete protection system
nSurface applied corrosion inhibitorSikaFerroGard-903
nEmbeddment galvanic anode forcorrosion protection
Galvanic Protection Systems
CharacteristicsnUnique, invisible protection system
for steel bars and concrete surfacesnHigh cost efficiencynEasy to applynSikaFerroGard-903
conforms to BS EN 1504
Flexural strengthening systems
Sika strengthening systems
nCarbon plate systemSikadur-30epoxy adhesive plusSikaCarboDurcarbon fibrereinforced plates (CFRP)
nPost-tensioning systemSikadur-30epoxy adhesives plusSika
CarboStress
post tensioning
plates
CharacteristicsnHigh tensile strength
nNon-corrodingnLow weightnEasy handlingnLimit deflection and cracks,
increased fatigue resistance(post-tensioning system)
Rigid protective coating systems
Sika concrete protection system
nSolvent based solution for highperformance requirementsSikagard-680S
nWater based system for standardrequirementsSikagard-675 W ElastoColor
nHydrophobic impregnations forhigh protection requirementsSikagard-706 Thixo
CharacteristicsnConforms with BS EN 1504-2nEasy to applynHighest protection characteristics
Sikagard-550 W Elastic
nProven track recordnConforms to BS EN 1504
Shear strengthening systems
Sika strengthening systems
nL-shape elements for beamsSikadur-30epoxy adhesive plusSikaCarboShearprefabricatedL-shape carbon fibre reinforced plates
nFabric systemSikadur-330epoxy adhesives plusSikaWrapfabrics (carbon, glass or aramid)
CharacteristicsnHigh tensile strengthnUnique L-shape system for reduced
on-site labournLow weightnNon-corroding
To prevent further damages on concrete structures due to water, carbon dioxide, chlorides or other ingresses, concrete structures have to be
protected. Sika produces a full range of surface applied corrosion inhibitors, impregnations, hydrophobic impregnations and specialized color-
ed coatings for usein protecting reinforced concrete facades, walls and soffits of park decks.
Sika Concrete Protection SolutionsElastic protective coating systems
Sika concrete protection system
nSystem for moderate crack-bridgingrequirementsSikagard
-552 W Aquaprimer
plusSikagard-550 W Elastic
nSystem for high crack-bridgingrequirementsSikagard
-552 W Aquaprimer
plusSikagard
-545 W Elastofill plus
Sikagard-550 W Elastic
CharacteristicsnApproved for low temperatures
down to -20 CnEnvironmentally friendlynGood crack-bridging behaviournDurablenProven track recordnConforms to BS EN 1504
Axial strengthening systems
Sika strengthening systems
nHigh performance confinement systemSikadur
-330epoxy adhesives plus
SikaWrapfabrics (carbon, glass or aramid)
CharacteristicsnAdjustable shape
nEasy applicationnIncrease axial capacity and vehicle
impact resistancenSeismic strengtheningnNon corroding
Sika systems for structural strengthening using fibre reinforced polymers are used for flexural strengthening of beams and slabs, shear strengthening
of beams and to increase axial, shear and flexural capacity of columns as well as earthquake strengthening systems.Sika provides a full range
of carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP) systems, such as plates, fabrics or post-tensioning systems.
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Car Park Case Studies
Northampton Car Parkis Refurbished using Sika Repair Systems
Project DescriptionMayorhold multi-storey car park situated in the centre of Northampton,with spaces for 880 cars, has recently been refurbished using Sikaconcrete repair and coating systems as well as waterproofingmembranes. Testing of this five level car park, which was built in 1973,had shown increasing deterioration of the reinforced concrete decks,due to chloride attack of the reinforcing steel within the structure.
RequirementThe car park needed to be completely refurbished in order to extend thelifespan of the structure.
Sika SolutionDue to differing extents of corrosion activity within the steelreinforcement, a ribbon anode cathodic protection system together withthe SikaFerroGard-903corrosion inhibitor was used. Thecombination of these corrosion control methods provides a costefficient, technically driven solution. Following repairs and preparation,the tough elastic waterproofing system Sikafloor-350 Nwasapplied to the top deck including Sikafloor-359 N, a very toughseal coat, flexible polyurethane seal coat, with a very good colourstability and resistance to weathering. The intermediate decks werecoated with Sikafloor-261, a durable, epoxy resin intermediatedecking system.
Repairs to all decks were carried out using Sika Rapid Repair Mortar,a cementitious, fast setting mortar with high early strength. Soffits and
pillars were repaired using the Sika
MonoTop
concrete repairsystem, and SikaFerroGard-903corrosion inhibitor wasapplied.SikaColor-671 W, an anti-carbonation decorativecoating was applied to all surfaces. This environmentally friendly, waterbased, protective coating prevents water ingress, is vapour permeableand extremely durable.
The refurbishment works, together with the new upgraded lightingsystem won the International Concrete Repair Institute, Repair Project ofthe Year 2006 Award and has made Mayorhold car park brighter andsafer, with an assured future.
Ealing Car Parkis Safe with Sika
Project DescriptionSika materials are being used exclusively on the refurbishment ofSpring Bridge Road multi-storey car park, a 30 years old structure,to extend the life of, and give a lighter and safer environment to usersof the car park.
Project RequirementsCracks in the existing asphalt screed on the 3000 m2top deck,had allowed water, contaminated with de-icing salts to penetrate both
the concrete frame and the uncoated intermediate decks below.This had lead to corrosion of the reinforcing steel in the carbonatedconcrete and subsequent delamination.
Sika SolutionsThe asphalt screed from the top deck was removed, andSikafloor-355, a solvent free, elastic, polyurethane deckingsystem was applied as a broadcast wearing layer. This was overcoated with Sikafloor-354, a flexible epoxy seal coat, to givea tough, waterproof, flexible surface with good colour stability andresistance to weathering. The three intermediate decks, each of3000 m2, were prepared and coated with Sikafloor-261,a durable, solvent free, epoxy resin, decking system. Repairs to alldecks were carried out using Sika-Rapid Repair mortar,a cementitious, fast setting mortar with high early strength.The soffits and pillars were repaired using the SikaMonoTopconcrete repair system, and SikaFerroGard-903corrosioninhibitor was applied. SikaFerroGard-903impregnates the
reinforced concrete to arrest the rate of existing corrosion, and give longterm protection to the structure.Sikagard
-ElastoColor
W, an
anticarbonation decorative coating was finally applied. This waterbased, crack-bridging protective coating, prevents water ingress, isresistant to frost and salts and is vapour permeable and extremely durable.
Construction joints were replaced with Sikaflex-PRO 3 WF.
Moorfield Car ParkGets Full Sika Make-Over
Project DescriptionA comprehensive package of Sika repair, coating and flooringsystems has been used to completely rejuvenate the Moorfield multi-
storey car park, which is located in the centre of Truro in Cornwall
with spaces for 720 spaces.
RequirementThe car park needed to be completely refurbished in order to extend
the lifespan of the structure.
Sika SolutionOne of the key issues to address was the flexural cracking to the
concrete decks, caused by the large span widths between support
columns. This was solved with Sikafloor-350 Ncar park deck
membrane which has excellent dynamic and static crack-bridging
properties, even at low temperatures (down t o -20 degrees Celsius).
This specialist car park decking system is extremely hard wearing,
and has excellent abrasion, slip and chemical resistant properties.
There was also a requirement to re-profile one of the ramps to lower
the gradient to prevent vehicles with low ground clearance from
bottoming out. This was achieved with Sika-Armorcrete a
flowable, cementitious, micro-concrete repair system.
Remedial work on the parapet walls was also needed and
Sikagard-675 Wprovided the perfect solution. This is aflexible anti carbonation coating which was available in a range of
colours to match the existing finishes to the car park. To minimisedowntime during the repair programme all the ramps a nd walkways
were coated with Sikafloor-Pronto. This is a fast cure
system which can be trafficked within hours of application, even at
low temperatures.
Steve Cocker of Sika commente d, Cornwall Council were very
pleased with the end result as the project was completed to theirexact specifications well within the timescale set. They now have a
car park that has a much extended lifespan and is aesthetically an
asset to the City.
Sika Helps Brighton See CarParks in New Light
Project DescriptionThe typically shady and inhospitable environment of underground carparks has been radically transformed in Brighton, where the 350space The Lanes facility has received a welcoming and flawlessfinish thanks to the SikafloorEcoline System.
RequirementThe car park needed to be completely refurbished in order to extendthe lifespan of the structure.
Sika SolutionDeveloped by Sika, global leader in specialist construction materials,the Sikafloorcar park inter deck system was selected for itsoutstanding surface finish. Previously dark and cracked, the floor nowresents visitors with an attractive coloured surface that shines underthe lights. Complete with a unique silver and black parking finish,which eliminates the need for white lines and creates easy definablespaces, the car park now has a safer and more welcomingatmosphere.
In total, 10,000 m2 of the Sikafloorsystem was applied byspecialist contractor Volker Laser to the car park decks. TheSikafloor system is quick and easy to apply vital as any closure ofparking spaces results in lost revenue. The project was completed infour phases, one for each floor of the car park, helping to minimisedisruption to the client.
Hard-wearing and economical, the Sikafloorsystem was applied
to the floor at a minimum thickness of 4 mm. This was important asthe original concrete surface was uneven and cracked. The thicknessof the Sika system enabled the creation of a smooth, level, finish.
With the work taking place underground, it was important to protectthe public and the contractors health and wellbeing. As Sikafloor
products are very low in odour, they offered the perfect deckingsolution that would provide workers and car park users alike with acomfortable and safe environment whilst the refurbishment workswere being carried out.
Once finished, the system provided not only a stunning appearance,but also created a waterproof system that ensured protection to theconcrete structure. The Sikafloor
-263 SLandSikafloor-264systems are part of Sikas Ecoline range of resinbased flooring products.Produced from next generation low allergy resin, reducing the risk ofapplicator sensitivity, they are CE marked for performance. They areavailable in tins and economically and ecologically advantageousdrums that help reduce the amount of packaging required.
8/11/2019 Complete Solution for Multi-storey and Underground Car Parks
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The information, and, in particular, the recommendations relating to the application and end use of Sika products, are given ingood faith based on Sikas current knowledge and experience of the products when properly stored, handled and applied undernormal conditions. In practice, the differences in materials, substrates and actual site conditions are such that no warranty inrespect of merchantability or of fitness for a particular purpose, nor any liability arising out of any legal relationship whatsoever,can be inferred either from this information, or from any written recommendations, or from any other advice offered. Theproprietary rights of third parties must be observed. All orders are accepted subject to our current terms of sale and delivery.Users should always refer to the most recent issue of the Product Data Sheet for the product concerned, copies of which will besupplied on request.
Sika Limited
Watchmead
Welwyn Garden City
Hertfordshire
AL7 1BQ
Tel: 01707 394444
Fax: 01707 329129
Email [email protected]
www.sika.co.uk
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