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Complexities of the Carters Lake TMDLComplexities of the Carters Lake TMDL
Presented by:
Jeremy Wyss, H.I.T.
Tetra Tech
26th Annual Alabama Water Resources ConferenceSeptember 6, 2012
26th Annual Alabama Water Resources ConferenceSeptember 6, 2012
USACE Peak Power Pump Storage Operation
≈450 feet deep
Carters Lake - EFDC Lake Model GridBottom Elevations (feet)
NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_17NMap produced 10-27-2011 - P. Cada
Legend
Stream/River
Water
County Boundary
EFDC Model Grid
Reregulation Lake
Bottom Elev. (ft)
High : 677
Low : 655
Carters Lake
Bottom Elev. (ft)
High : 1040
Low : 697
0 1 20.5 Miles
0 1 20.5 Kilometers
CartersReregulationReservoir
CartersLake
CoosawatteeRiver
TalisCreek
TalkingRockCreek
CartersDam
ReregulationDam
Tallest Earthen Dam East of Mississippi River
≈520 Square Miles
Carters Lake WatershedNAD_1983_UTM_Zone_17N
Map produced 10-27-2011 - P. Cada
Gilmer County
Fannin County
Pickens County
Murray County
Dawson County
Gordon County
Bartow CountyCherokee County
Legend
Stream/River
Water
County Boundary
Carters Lake Watershed
0 6 123 Miles
0 6 123 Kilometers
CartersReregulationReservoir
CartersLake
CoosawatteeRiver
Headwaters of Coosa River
Carters Lake Watershed - Location MapNAD_1983_UTM_Zone_17N
Map produced 09-18-2009 - P. Cada
AllatoonaLake
Chatta
hoochee
Riv
er
Flint R
iver
FL
SC
AL
NCTN
Apa
lach
ico
laR
iver
Oco
nee R
iver
Altamaha River
SatillaRiver
Ocm
ulg
ee River
Savannah R
iver
LakeJackson
LakeSinclair
LakeOconee
Coosa River
Legend
Major Waterway
Water
Carters Lake Watershed
Carters Lake Watershed
Elevations (meters)High : 1232
Low : 206
0 40 8020 Miles
0 40 8020 Kilometers
LakeSidneyLanier
WestPointLake
J. StromThurmond
Lake
Walter F.George
Reservoir
LakeBlackshear
LakeSeminole
LakeHartwell
BrunswickHarbor
Carters Lake SystemCarters Lake System
Carters Lake Watershed - Water Quality Calib. StationsNAD_1983_UTM_Zone_17N
Map produced 10-26-2011 - P. Cada
14119901
14119981
14119261
14119251
14116001
14115001
14114301
14114201
14114101
14114031
14114001
14109931
14109901
14079011
14075511
14070001
14064901
14063901
1405682114056701
14056501
14056401
14056301
14056901
Legend
Water Quality Calib. Station
Stream/River
Water
Model Subwatersheds
County Boundary
0 4 82 Miles
0 4 82 Kilometers
CartersReregulationReservoir
CartersLake
Year
Coosawattee River at Georgia
Highway 5 near Ellijay
Mountaintown Creek at State Road
282 (US Hwy 76) near
EllijayRegulatory Limit
(lb/year)151,500 8,000
2002 93,036 2,734
2003 106,622 10,029
2004 173,748 7,006
2005 248,493 27,383
2006 85,358 5,704
2007 127,577 2,714
2008 127,595 4,698
2009 265,948 19,658
• TP – 8,000 pounds/year
Mountaintown Creek at State Road 282 (US Hwy 76) near Ellijay
• TP – 151,500 pounds/year
Coosawattee River at Georgia Highway 5 near Ellijay
Watershed StandardsWatershed Standards
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
Carters Lake Growing Season Average Chlorophyll a
Carters MidlakeCarters CoosawatteeStandard
Year
Chlo
roph
yll a
(ug/
L)
Carters LakeModel Calibration Stations
NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_17NMap produced 10-27-2011 - P. Cada
14119601
14119401
14119301
Water SurfaceElevation Station(USGS)
Water SurfaceElevation Station(USACE)
Legend
Water Surface Elev. Station
GAEPD Compliance Station
Stream/River
Water
County Boundary
EFDC Model Grid
0 1 20.5 Miles
0 1 20.5 Kilometers
CartersReregulationReservoir
CartersLake
CoosawatteeRiver
TalisCreek
TalkingRockCreek
CartersDam
ReregulationDam
• Chlorophyll a 5 µg/L (growing season average)
Mid Lake - Upstream from Woodring Branch
• Chlorophyll a 10 µg/L (growing season average)
Upper Lake - Coosawattee River Embayment Mouth
• pH 6.0 – 9.5
• TN 4.0 mg/L in photic zone
• TP 172,500 lbs or 0.46 lb/acft
• DO 5.0 mg/L (daily average) not less than 4 mg/L
Whole Lake (Elevation 1072)
Lake StandardsLake Standards
Carters ModelingCarters ModelingModels Outputs
Water Surface Elevation
Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen profiles
Lake Concentrations
(Chl-a, TN, NH3, NOx, OrgN, TP, PO4, OrgP, BOD5, DO, Temp)
Subwatershed Flows
Subwatershed Concentrations(Chl-a, TN, NH3, NOx, OrgN, TP, PO4, OrgP, BOD5, DO, Temp, TSS)
EFDC
FlowsTemperaturesConcentrations
CartersWatershe
d
Carters Lake
LSPC
LSPC
Re-RegLake
Re-Reg Watershe
d
EFDC
Watershed Hydrology CalibrationWatershed Hydrology Calibration
0
500
1000
1500
J-98 J-99 J-01 J-02 J-04 J-05 J-07 J-08
Month
Flo
w (
cfs)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Mon
thly
Rai
nfal
l (in
.)
Avg Monthly Rainfall (in.)Avg Observed Flow (1/1/1998 to 12/31/2009 )Avg Modeled Flow (Same Period)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
Jan-98 Jul-99 Jan-01 Jul-02 Jan-04 Jul-05 Jan-07 Jul-08
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
10
100
1000
10000
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Percent of Time that Flow is Equaled or Exceeded
Da
ily A
vera
ge
Flo
w (
cfs)
Observed Flow Duration (1/1/1998 to 12/31/2009 )
Modeled Flow Duration (1/1/1998 to 12/31/2009 )
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0
200
400
600
800
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Month
Flo
w (
cfs)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Mon
thly
Ra
infa
ll (in
.)
Average Monthly Rainfall (in) Observed (25th, 75th)Median Observed Flow (1/1/1998 to 12/31/2009) Modeled (Median, 25th, 75th)
10
100
1000
10000
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Da
ily A
vera
ge
Flo
w (
cfs)
Observed Flow Duration (1/1/1998 to 12/31/2009 )
Modeled Flow Duration (1/1/1998 to 12/31/2009 )
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Jan-98 Jul-99 Jan-01 Jul-02 Jan-04 Jul-05 Jan-07 Jul-08
No
rma
lize
d F
low
Vo
lum
e (
Ob
serv
ed
as
10
0%
)
Observed Flow Volume (1/1/1998 to 12/31/2009 )
Modeled Flow Volume (1/1/1998 to 12/31/2009 )
Watershed Water Quality CalibrationWatershed Water Quality Calibration
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Jan1998
Jan1999
Jan2000
Jan2001
Jan2002
Jan2003
Jan2004
Jan2005
Jan2006
Jan2007
Jan2008
Jan2009
TE
MP
(°C
)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Pre
cip
ita
tio
n (
in/d
ay)
Modeled (Reach 1001) Observed (14109901) Precipitation
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Jan1998
Jan1999
Jan2000
Jan2001
Jan2002
Jan2003
Jan2004
Jan2005
Jan2006
Jan2007
Jan2008
Jan2009
DO
(m
g/l)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Pre
cip
itation (
in/d
ay)
Modeled (Reach 1001) Observed (14109901) Precipitation
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Jan1998
Jan1999
Jan2000
Jan2001
Jan2002
Jan2003
Jan2004
Jan2005
Jan2006
Jan2007
Jan2008
Jan2009
Tota
l N
itro
gen (
mg/l)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Pre
cip
itation (
in/d
ay)
Modeled (Reach 1001) Observed (14109901) Precipitation
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
Jan1998
Jan1999
Jan2000
Jan2001
Jan2002
Jan2003
Jan2004
Jan2005
Jan2006
Jan2007
Jan2008
Jan2009
Tota
l P
hosphoru
s (
mg/l)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Pre
cip
itation (
in/d
ay)
Modeled (Reach 1001) Observed (14109901) Precipitation
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Jan1998
Jan1999
Jan2000
Jan2001
Jan2002
Jan2003
Jan2004
Jan2005
Jan2006
Jan2007
Jan2008
Jan2009
Tota
l N
itro
gen (
mg/l)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Pre
cip
itation (
in/d
ay)
Modeled (Reach 37) Observed (14115001) Precipitation
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
Jan1998
Jan1999
Jan2000
Jan2001
Jan2002
Jan2003
Jan2004
Jan2005
Jan2006
Jan2007
Jan2008
Jan2009
Tota
l P
hospho
rus (
mg/l)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Pre
cip
itation (
in/d
ay)
Modeled (Reach 37) Observed (14115001) Precipitation
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Jan1998
Jan1999
Jan2000
Jan2001
Jan2002
Jan2003
Jan2004
Jan2005
Jan2006
Jan2007
Jan2008
Jan2009
TE
MP
(°C
)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Pre
cip
itation (
in/d
ay)
Modeled (Reach 37) Observed (14115001) Precipitation
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Jan1998
Jan1999
Jan2000
Jan2001
Jan2002
Jan2003
Jan2004
Jan2005
Jan2006
Jan2007
Jan2008
Jan2009
DO
(m
g/l)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Pre
cip
itation (
in/d
ay)
Modeled (Reach 37) Observed (14115001) Precipitation
Lake Hydrodynamics CalibrationLake Hydrodynamics Calibration
GAEPD
2009 Carters Lake
Profiles
Station 14119301
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
4/28/2009
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
5/6/2009
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
6/3/2009
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
7/8/2009
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
8/5/2009
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
9/9/2009
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
10/7/2009
GAEPD
2004 Carters Lake
Profiles
Station 14119301
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
4/27/2004
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
5/25/2004
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
6/23/2004
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
7/28/2004
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
8/25/2004
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
9/24/2004
Temperature (°C)
De
pth
(ft)
0 10 20 30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
MeasuredSimulated
10/26/2004
Lake Water Quality CalibrationLake Water Quality Calibration
Model ScenariosModel Scenarios
Baseline Model Calibration
Full Permit Point Sources and Water withdrawals at full permit
No Point Sources Point Sources and Water withdrawals removed
All Forest (natural) All land use area converted to Forest
Future Land use Land use processed with GLUT 2040
Reductions Land use and point source % reductions
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
20.0
Carters Lake at Upper Lake Station
Baseline Permit PS_Removed Forest 2040 40% Ag Reduction Standard
Year
Ch
loro
ph
yll-
a (
ug
/l)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
20.0
Carters Lake at Mid Lake Station
Baseline Permit PS_Removed Forest 2040 40% Ag Reduction Standard
Year
Ch
loro
ph
yll-
a (
ug
/l)
TMDL StatusTMDL Status
Modeling and scenario runs are completed (GAEPD reviewing)
GAEPD/EPA looking into standard modifications
• Mountaintown Creek Total Phosphorus
• Lake Total Nitrogen
• Chlorophyll a
GAEPD looking into standard establishment
• Talking Rock Creek
• Reregulation Reservoir
Georgia Department of Natural Resources Board this fall
Next StepsNext Steps
Get TMDL approved
Incorporate modeling results into Georgia State Water Plan
Link Carters modeling to the GSWP Coosa River Basin model • Investigate impacts on Coosa and Lake Weiss TMDL’s
Comments/Questions?Comments/Questions?
Complexities of the Carters Lake TMDLComplexities of the Carters Lake TMDL
Acknowledgements
Dr. Elizabeth Booth, GAEPD
Acknowledgements
Dr. Elizabeth Booth, GAEPD