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Yar Muhammad Asjad RiazBsc(Hons) Allied Health Sciences_MLT-2008-11(KE) V.Lecturer at College Of AHP-Basic Science Block_GCUF
General Introduction to Hematology
STUDY OF BLOOD
Composition of blood. Little bit of functions of blood. Plasma and its composition.CELLULAR COMPONENTS: RBCs: their structure, function and count. WBCs: their types, structure, function & count. Platelets: their structure, function and count.
OBJECTIVES: COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
Blood is slightly denser and approximately 3-4 times more viscous than water, blood consists of cells which are suspended in a liquid. Cellular Components 99% red blood cells, with white blood cells and platelets making up the remainder. Water, of blood has amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, hormones, vitamins, electrolytes, dissolved gases, and cellular wastes.
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
By volume. Plasma is about 92% water, with plasma proteins as the most abundant solutes. The main plasma protein groups are albumin globulin fibrinogen The primary blood gases are oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen.
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD Plasma.
90% water 10% solutes
Ions, e.g., Na+, Cl-, Ca++ Nutrients, e.g., simple sugars, amino
acids, lipids Wastes, e.g., urea, ammonia, CO2 Miscellaneous: O2, hormones, vitamins,
plasma proteins.
COMPOSITION OF BLOODPlasma Proteins. Albumin
Helps control osmotic pressure Helps control diffusion of water
Globulin Includes antibodies Transport proteins (lipids, iron, copper, etc.)
Fibrinogen Involved in clotting
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
Serum: Blood plasma from which the protein fibrinogen, which causes clotting of the blood, has been removed.
For all blood chemistry serum of blood is preferred over plasma
WBC, Total.............(4000/μL -11000/μL)RBC, Total......M(4.5 - 6.5)m/μL, F(3.85.8)m/μL.Hemoglobin... M(13.0-18.0)g/dL F(11.6-16.5)g/dLHCT......................... M(40 - 54)% F(38 - 47)%MCV..................... (80 - 90)fLMCH....................... (27 - 32)pgMCHC..................... (33 - 38)g/dLPlatelet Count....................(150,000-400,000)/μL
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD MCV is a measure of the average red
cell volume HCT/RBC Normocytic 75-95 fl Macrocytic >95fl Microcytic <75fl
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD MCH Is the average mass of Hemoglobin
per red blood cell. HB/RBC MCH:27 -31 pg Anemia : low MCH Cannot increase than normal
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD MCHC is a measure of the concentration of
Hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells.
MCHC:32 to 36 g/dl Decreases in anemia
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD RDW
is an index of the variation in cell volume within the red cell population
RDW = (Standard deviation ÷ mean cell volume) x 100