Compressed Gas Cylinders and Systems: Health and Safety ... · receptacle, bundle of cylinders as...

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QMUL/HS/113_H&S Policy Procedures and Guidance_Compressed Gas Systems and Cylinders _Jan 2020

Health & Safety Directorate

Compressed Gas Cylinders and Systems: Health and Safety Policy, Procedures and

Guidance for QMUL

(Ref: QMUL_HS_113)

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Compressed Gas Cylinders and Systems: Health & Safety Policy, Procedures and

Guidance for QMUL

Contents Page 1. Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 4

PART A: Policy .................................................................................................................... 4

2. Policy Objective and Statement ...................................................................................... 4

3. Applicable Legislation ..................................................................................................... 4

4. Application and Scope of the Policy ................................................................................ 5

5. Definitions ....................................................................................................................... 6

6. Risk Assessment ............................................................................................................ 6

6.3 The main hazards from compressed gas cylinders and systems ................................ 7

6.4 Location Risk Controls ................................................................................................ 7

7. Roles and Responsibilities .............................................................................................. 8

7.1 QMUL Head of School or Directorate / Director of Institute ......................................... 8

7.2 QMUL Managers / Supervisors .................................................................................. 9

7.3 Users of compressed gas cylinders and systems at QMUL ...................................... 11

7.4 QMUL Estates & Facilities – Capital Projects and Infrastructure Maintenance.......... 11

7.5 QMUL Health & Safety Directorate ........................................................................... 12

7.6 QMUL Occupational Health Service ......................................................................... 13

7.7 Compressed gas systems suppliers and designers .................................................. 13

7.8 Compressed gas system installers and commissioners ............................................ 14

7.9 Compressed Gas Service Providers ......................................................................... 14

8. Information, Training and Supervision .......................................................................... 15

9. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) .......................................................................... 15

10. Emergency Plan and Procedures ............................................................................. 16

11 Hazard and Warning Signage for Compressed Gas Systems and Cylinders ............ 16

12 Commissioning of Compressed Gas Systems .......................................................... 16

13 Security .................................................................................................................... 16

14. Further information and reference documents ............................................................... 18

PART B – Procedures and Guidance ............................................................................... 19

Appendix 1 - Compressed Gas Cylinders - ‘in use’ and procedural risk control measures .. 19

Appendix 2 - Compressed Gas Hazard Classification and Signage .................................... 21

A. Hazard Classification ................................................................................................ 21

B. Gas Cylinder Store Signage ..................................................................................... 22

Appendix 3 – Written Scheme of Examination..................................................................... 24

Appendix 4 – Piped Compressed Gas Installations at QMUL .............................................. 26

Appendix 5 - Outdoor Storage of Gas Cylinders.................................................................. 30

Appendix 6 – Gas cylinder testing, examination, labelling, use and disposal ....................... 31

Appendix 7 – Compressed Gas Cylinders - Training Topics ................................................ 34

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Appendix 8 – Emergency Procedure Template for QMUL ................................................... 35

A. Action in the event of a serious leakage ................................................................... 35

B. Action in the event of a fire involving or affecting gas cylinder/s ............................... 35

Document Control ............................................................................................................... 37

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Compressed Gas Cylinders and Systems: Health & Safety Policy, Procedures and Guidance for QMUL

1. Executive Summary

This Health and Safety Policy establishes the framework for the effective risk management of work with compressed gas cylinders and associated systems by Queen Mary University of London (QMUL) staff, students and others who may be affected by QMUL activities.

The Policy defines the requirements for safe management of compressed gas cylinders and systems in the context of QMUL’s activities: This includes

the design and installation of compressed gas systems and facilities

identifies the roles and responsibilities for Heads / Managers / Supervisors of Schools / Institutes / Directorates responsible for the work and systems

the roles of QMUL staff, students and others who conduct or may be affected by the work,

Notes the key legal and compliance requirements specified in the relevant health and safety legislation and supporting guidance.

Topic guidance, practical information and template procedures are also provided for QMUL.

This version of the Policy has been issued following QMUL wide consultation and approval by the QMUL Health & Safety Advisory Group on 08 Oct 2018.

PART A: Policy 2. Policy Objective and Statement 2.1 The Policy Objective of Queen Mary University of London (QMUL) is to control and

reduce the level of risk from work with compressed gas cylinders and associated systems (pipework and connected equipment) to a tolerable level, and where significant risk is foreseeable, to eliminate the risk/s, and to ensure compliance with the legislation applicable to the work activities and equipment.

2.2 It is the QMUL Statement of Policy that risk assessment/s for work with compressed gas systems and cylinders are conducted before commencing the work and are continuously reviewed and updated in line with work and technology changes, upon an incident and other significant variables. This includes design risk assessments for new and refurbished installations and facilities for compressed gas systems and cylinders. The effective risk control measures identified shall be implemented and maintained throughout the duration of the work until removal of the risks.

3. Applicable Legislation 3.1 Although there is no single ‘topic specific’ H&S regulation concerning compressed

gas systems and cylinders, there are a number of statutory instruments that are, in addition to the general provisions of Health & Safety at Work Act etc 1974, relevant to the safe management of compressed gas systems and cylinders:

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3.2 The Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations 2002 (DSEAR)

along with the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 (FSO 2005) require risk assessments to address the management and effective control of hazardous substances and flammable atmosphere conditions (including those from compressed gases) that can cause fires and explosions;

3.3 The Pressure Systems Safety Regulations (PSSR) 2000 apply when a pressure system contains or is likely to contain a relevant fluid (e.g. compressed gas, steam) over with a pressure x volume product of 250 bar litres during normal use and/or if a failure occurs. The requirements under PSSR include a Written Scheme of Examination (WSE), recorded specific equipment testing (thorough examination), safe operating procedures and a recorded maintenance regime.

3.4 The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 requires that all work

equipment is safe for the intended use, is maintained for safe use and is regularly inspected, is used by those who have received the appropriate training and has appropriate safety controls such as emergency stop devices, means of isolating form electrical or other energy sources and hazard warning signs.

3.5 Where toxic or asphyxiate gases are used, The Control of Substances Hazardous to

Health (COSHH) Regulations 2002 (as amended) requires the effective containment of the gas and to eliminate exposure to toxic gases and remove asphyxiating conditions where risks to human health may exist or be foreseeable (or reduce to a level where harm to health cannot occur).

3.6 The Carriage of Dangerous Goods and Use of Transportable Pressure Equipment Regulations 2009 are concerned with handling and transporting hazardous materials including compressed gas cylinders. Where QMUL employees handle and transport compressed gas cylinders, the duties to ensure safe transport and compliance with regulations (in particular when on public highways) will reside with QMUL.

3.7 If other risks are involved with the use of compressed gas systems and cylinders

(e.g. manual handling, unsafe confined spaces), prior risk assessment should also identify the level of risk and identify risk controls to eliminate or reduce risk to levels where harm is reduced to negligible levels.

3.8 There are also regulations applicable for those who design and manufacture

pressure equipment and assembling of pressure equipment to ensure safe design and build for use. Where QMUL aim to sell or transfer a pressurised system to another organisation or Institution, the requirements of these regulations would apply.

4. Application and Scope of the Policy

4.1 This Policy applies to all QMUL staff, postgraduate and undergraduate students and

others (e.g. contractors) who are to design, install, use, decommission and dispose of compressed gas cylinders and associated systems for QMUL activities.

4.2 This Policy document does not deal with the following aspects which are addressed

in separate QMUL or external documents:

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4.2.1 Thermal hazards and risks of cryogenic liquids and solids – refer to QMUL policy and guidance at http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/a-z/cryogenicliquids/.

4.2.2 Specialist fire protective measures – refer to QMUL policy, procedures and guidance

at http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/a-z/fire-safety/ 4.2.3 QMUL Local Arrangements and Procedures for Compressed Gas Systems and

Cylinders: Where the compressed gas facilities are managed by Estates & Facilities, the Estates Management & Arrangements Procedure (EMAP) documents at http://qm-web.estates.qmul.ac.uk/hs/ detail these - particularly applicable for compressed gas systems are EMAPs 31 and 51.

QMUL School Institutes and Directorates local arrangements and procedure documents must comply with the QMUL H&S policy and as applicable, with the EMAP documents.

4.2.4 Compressed gas cylinders used in adverse or extreme conditions, such as for

breathing apparatus, may require special precautions. Although this policy is valid for normal uses of compressed gas cylinders, special precautions such as different frequencies for periodic inspections, are not covered and specific risk assessments and procedures must be in place prior to such activities commencing.

4.2.4 Detailed technical information on compressed gas cylinders and systems including

physical / chemical properties and hazards of gases – these are obtainable from the national industry body, the British Compressed Gas Association (BCGA) documents at http://www.bcga.co.uk/pages/index.cfm.

5. Definitions 5.1 Compressed Gas: a non-flammable material or mixture having in the container a

pressure exceeding 41 psia (absolute) (3 bar) at 70°F (21°C), or any flammable or toxic material that is a gas at 70°F (21°C) and has a pressure of 14.7 psia (1 bar) or greater. Most compressed gases will not exceed 2,000 to 2,640 psig (gauge) (138 to 182 bar), though some may go up to 6,000 psig (414 bar).

5.2: Non-liquefied Compressed Gas: Chemical or material, other than gas in solution, that under the charged pressure is entirely gaseous at a temperature of 70°F (21°C).

5.3 Liquefied Compressed Gas: Chemical or material that, under the charged pressure, is partially liquid at a temperature of 70°F (21°C).

5.4 Gas Cylinder: a pressure receptacle or vessel, which includes a cryogenic receptacle, bundle of cylinders as well as cylinders themselves, plus the valve(s) or regulator fitted directly to the receptacle.

5.5 Written Scheme of Examination (WSE): a document containing information about selected items of plant or equipment which form a pressure system which operate under pressure and contain a ‘relevant fluid’.

5.6 Relevant Fluid: A ‘relevant fluid’ is defined as compressed or liquefied gas, including air, at a pressure greater than 0.5 bar (approximately 7 psi) above atmospheric pressure; pressurised hot water above 110 °C; and steam at any pressure.

6. Risk Assessment 6.1 Heads of Schools, Institutes or Directorates must establish procedures for assessing

the hazards and risks associated with compressed gas systems and cylinders within their control at QMUL.

6.2 Compressed gas cylinders and associated systems are used widely across QMUL

including in

http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/a-z/cryogenicliquids/

http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/a-z/fire-safety/

http://qm-web.estates.qmul.ac.uk/hs/

http://www.bcga.co.uk/pages/index.cfm

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Laboratory chemical and other experiments and workshop processes

Soldering, welding and flame cutting for workshop, maintenance and construction activities

Breathing apparatus (e.g. for diving, emergency rescue)

Medical (patient or first aid treatment, e.g. with medical oxygen) and laboratory uses (e.g. for operation of experimental instruments and equipment)

Dispensing beverages in catering outlets

Fuel containers for vehicles (e.g. fork-lift trucks)

Equipment for extinguishing fires

Domestic and commercial heating and cooking

Water treatment systems and devices 6.3 The main hazards from compressed gas cylinders and systems are

Impact from the blast of a gas cylinder explosion or rapid release of compressed gas

Impact from parts of gas cylinders or valves that fail, or any flying debris

Contact with the released gas or fluid (e.g. chlorine, hot steam) and possible injection into the blood stream and acute toxic or other health hazard effects and/or acute / chronic damage to organs of the body

Asphyxiation from the release of inert (e.g. argon) or oxygen depleting gases (e.g. gas evolving from liquefied nitrogen) in confined or semi-confined conditions

Fire and creation of flammable atmospheres resulting from the escape of flammable gases or fluids (e.g. liquefied petroleum gas)

Impact from falling cylinders

Manual handling injuries from unsafe handling and transport of cylinders. 6.4 Location Risk Controls

1. Due to the increased dangers, in the event of fire, associated with the use of standalone compressed gas cylinders located in buildings, the preferred method of providing compressed gases within QMUL buildings is via maintained piped systems attached to gas cylinders in secure, safe and well ventilated locations outside the building.

2. Where this is not possible,

For new buildings or major refurbishments this must be taken into account during the design stage by, for example, locating those rooms/laboratories requiring piped gas on the lower floors wherever possible.

For new and existing buildings, gas cylinders can be located within buildings in purpose-built fire-resistant enclosures (with a minimum of 30 minute rated fire protection – see http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/media/hsd/documents/fire/QMUL_HS_060_August-2012_Fire-Resisting-Cabinets-Technical-Standard.docx ). See circumstances where greater fire rated protection (e.g. 60 min or 90 min) may be required in sections 3 and 4.

3. The following risk minimisation controls must also be considered and

implemented where assessed as required:

locating of cylinders away from escape routes

http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/media/hsd/documents/fire/QMUL_HS_060_August-2012_Fire-Resisting-Cabinets-Technical-Standard.docx

http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/media/hsd/documents/fire/QMUL_HS_060_August-2012_Fire-Resisting-Cabinets-Technical-Standard.docx

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Flammable gases, such as hydrogen, sited away from sources of ignition and oxidising substances.

Installation of sprinkler systems and/or fire damping or suppression systems although these can be difficult to retro-fit in existing buildings.

Storage of reserve gas cylinders within buildings should be limited in favour of a rapid cylinder replacement service as far as practicable.

Gas cylinders can often be replaced by gas generation systems.

4. Management Options for deciding on safest location: a risk based approach to the management of compressed gases combined with a hierarchy of management options for the supply of gas for laboratories and workshops at QMUL can be broadly expressed as follows:

Gases generated in situ using propriety gas generators.

Gas cylinders located outside of buildings in secure well-ventilated storage areas with gas piped to the areas of use.

Gas cylinders stored outside of buildings and brought into the building only when needed.

Further ‘in use’ and procedural risk controls are detailed in Appendix 1. 7. Roles and Responsibilities

7.1 QMUL Head of School or Directorate / Director of Institute

It is the responsibility* of the Head of School / Directorate or Institute Director to ensure

that;

1. Staff with supervisory and allocated health & safety responsibilities are appointed,

trained and are competent for the work involving compressed gas systems and

cylinders (e.g. responsible technical, laboratory officer or manager).

2. A framework for the School / Directorate / Institute is in place for the drafting,

dissemination, implementation and review of risk assessment/s and local procedures

(‘safe systems of work’) for work involving compressed gas systems and cylinders

and for the involved facilities / infrastructure, in line with QMUL policy, arrangements

and guidance.

3. Notification to HSD in advance of any installation and use of significantly higher risk

compressed gases and systems such as flammable and toxic gas compressed gas

systems so that appropriate advice can be given. QMUL planning processes already

in place should be utilised – e.g. the QMUL Project Board system, the QMUL Long

Term Maintenance planning system.

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4. Appropriate resources are provided for compressed gas systems and cylinders,

related infrastructure, equipment and consumables for the work in order to minimise

risks to staff, students and others to a negligible level.

5. A system for the training of all users of compressed gas systems and cylinders is in

place and that training is recorded (including training needs assessment, initial and

refresher training).

6. All accidents and incidents (including near misses) involving compressed gas

systems and cylinders are reported as per the QMUL Accident & Incident Policy, and

local emergency response procedures are established.

7. Cooperation established with QMUL Estates & Facilities to conduct necessary

planned preventative maintenance schemes for compressed gas systems.

8. If compressed gas systems are installed by an Academic School or Institute (outside

the management of an Estates & Facilities (EAF) Capital Project), the School /

Institute complies with all of the responsibilities listed for Estates & Facilities - Capital

Projects. If maintained by an Academic School or Institute, the School / Institute

complies with all of the responsibilities listed for Estates & Facilities - Infrastructure

Maintenance below. Prior authorisation is required from the EAF Assistant Director

concerned.

9. Where a QMUL School / Institute occupies ‘embedded space’ within another

organisation’s premises, to ensure that risks arising from compressed gas systems

and cylinder use and storage are communicated to the partner organisation/s in a

suitable format, and actions are completed to minimise the identified risks.

*Overall accountability cannot be delegated, although tasks associated with the responsibility can be delegated to a competent person (e.g. the responsible lab manager or the local safety officer).

7.2 QMUL Managers / Supervisors

It is the responsibility* of a Manager / Supervisor** to ensure that:

1. Appropriate risk assessment/s for work with compressed gas systems and cylinders

are made and recorded, and kept up to date by periodic review. Use the QMUL

MySafety risk assessment module http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/a-z/-mysafety/

2. Following training needs assessment, users of compressed gas systems and

cylinders receive appropriate training (initial and refresher).

3. Any health monitoring and surveillance measures for users of compressed gas

systems are identified in the risk assessment and/or per HSE or healthcare

professional guidance are implemented with QMUL Occupational Health assistance.

4. Working practices throughout the duration comply with applicable health & safety

legislation requirements, QMUL and local written laboratory / facility rules, and where

http://hsd.qmul.ac.uk/Accident%20Reporting/index.html

http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/a-z/-mysafety/

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applicable, manufacturer’s operating instructions and Written Scheme of

Examination.

5. All risk control measures identified in the risk assessment/s and protocols are correctly

set up, maintained and tested (where stipulated, via planned preventative

maintenance) and that these control measures are locally checked and inspected

periodically for effectiveness.

6. Where statutory planned preventative maintenance (PPM) tests are required, to

ensure they are conducted within specified timescales, and records are available for

QMUL and Regulatory Authority audits and inspections.

7. All accidents and incidents involving compressed gas systems and cylinders are

reported as per the QMUL Accident & Incident Policy.

8. Local emergency and assistance procedures (e.g. gas escape and release emergency

procedures, rescue procedures) are in place and that these are tested by a simulated

(non-hazardous) exercise periodically for effectiveness.

9. Compressed gas hazard inventories are kept, updated and the building / campus

security and fire information sheets in the fire ‘red box’ are kept up to date by regularly

returning inventories to the Fire Safety Manager in HSD for updating

10. Ensure that all users are fully aware of applicable hazard warning systems (e.g. gas

sensor / monitor and alarm system) and know how to respond safely in an emergency.

11. Maintain operating instructions and other documentation relating to compressed gas

system and cylinder equipment where it can be readily accessed (electronically or

hardcopy).

12. Where a defect / failure is identified with compressed gas system and cylinder

equipment, to identify remedial or corrective actions and implement without delay.

Where remedial action for a safety measure is not in their control, to report defects /

failure to the appropriate QMUL department (e.g. Estates & Facilities) or in the case of

embedded space, to the host organisation responsible person as soon as possible for

action.

13. Do not use condemned or failed equipment or systems until full repair and safety

checks have been satisfactorily made and that no unsolicited modifications are carried

out to equipment or systems that are likely to render them unsafe.

Have a Permit to Work system in place to ensure service engineer / maintenance

operative safety during testing / servicing of equipment or systems and to ensure return

of the system to a safe condition. See http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/a-z/permit-to-work/ *Accountability cannot be delegated, although tasks associated with the responsibility can be delegated to a competent person (e.g. a lab manager).


http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/a-z/permit-to-work/

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**IMPORTANT NOTE: if an individual instructs or issues tasks to another individual or group of individuals, then whether a designated line manager/ supervisor or not, they become responsible for the health and safety of those they have instructed.

7.3 Users of compressed gas cylinders and systems at QMUL

It is the responsibility of users of compressed gas cylinders and systems to ensure that they

1. Take reasonable care of their own health and safety, and that of others who may be

affected by their work. This is achieved by following the local safety rules &

instructions, understanding the risk assessment findings, attending mandatory and

other appropriate training for the work, in line with QMUL Policy and arrangements.

2. To use all safety and protective equipment (equipment and/or personal protective)

appropriately in line with manufacturer’s information and local risk assessment /

instructions.

3. Know and understand the limitations for health and safety when working with compressed gas cylinders and systems, and know and understand safety critical features of equipment, personal protection and hazard warning alarms and emergency procedures.

4. Report all accidents and incidents involving compressed gas cylinders and systems as

per the QMUL Accident & Incident Policy.

5. Report any defects with equipment or deficiencies in work practices to their Manager

/ Supervisor as soon as possible for remedial action.

6. Do not use failed or condemned equipment until they are repaired and fully fit for use.

7. Do not ignore or misuse anything provided for user health and safety during the work

with compressed gas cylinders and systems (e.g. not to ignore oxygen depletion

alarm or toxic gas alarm).

7.4 QMUL Estates & Facilities – Capital Projects and Infrastructure Maintenance

A. It is the responsibility* of the Assistant Director of Estates & Facilities for Capital Projects to ensure that they

1. Select and employ competent contractors for the Capital Project installation in line with applicable QMUL policies and EMAP documents for contractors.

2. Ensure that a design risk assessments for new and refurbished installations and facilities for compressed gas cylinders and associated system is conducted and recorded

3. Ensure that any compressed gas cylinder and system installed or re-fitted as part of a Capital Project is in accordance with the health and safety regulations and appropriate industry/sector standards noted in sections 3 and 14.


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4. Ensure that suitable commissioning of the compressed gas system is carried out and that the relevant commissioning documentation (including where applicable, the Written Scheme of Examination) is provided to the Campus Maintenance Manager, Facility Manager or other responsible person.

5. Ensure that the complete handover documentation is forwarded to Estates Infrastructure Maintenance, and that details of any newly installed compressed gas systems are entered on the QMUL insurance register.

6. Ensure that users receive appropriate training in the operation of relevant parts of the

installation. *Accountability cannot be delegated, although tasks associated with the responsibility can be delegated to a competent person (e.g. a Project Manager).

B. It is the responsibility* of the Assistant Director of Estates & Facilities for Infrastructure Maintenance to ensure that they

1. Select and employ competent contractors for maintenance work in line with

applicable QMUL policies for contractors.

2. Ensure that any compressed gas cylinder and system installed or re-fitted as part of a maintenance project is in accordance with the health and safety regulations and appropriate industry/sector standards noted in sections 3 and 14.

3. Have planned preventative maintenance (PPM) plans in place for compressed

gas systems within their remit for local inspections and checks, statutory testing and where required, servicing and repairs. That they are conducted within specified timescales, and records are available for QMUL and Regulatory Authority audits and inspections.

4. Have a Permit to Work system in place to ensure service engineer / examiner safety during testing / servicing and to ensure return of the system in a safe condition. .

5. Maintain operating instructions and other documentation relating to compressed gas systems within their remit where it can be readily accessed (electronically or hardcopy).

6. Ensure that connected systems to the compressed gas installation (e.g. a

laboratory incubator) owned and maintained by a School, Institute or another Directorate are compatible to be connected and establish an agreed procedure documenting the responsibilities of each department.

*Accountability cannot be delegated, although tasks associated with the responsibility can be delegated to a competent person (e.g. Campus Maintenance Manager).

7.5 QMUL Health & Safety Directorate

It is the responsibility of the Health & Safety Directorate to

1. Provide QMUL with Health & Safety Policy and Guidance, tools and templates for the risk assessment, safe handling, use of compressed gas cylinders and systems.

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2. Provide competent safety advice to Heads of Schools or Directorates / Director of Institutes and their nominated duty holders, on the H&S and Fire Safety Legislative requirements and Best Practice.

3. Audit, inspect and monitor QMUL compressed gas cylinders and associated systems

and procedures in line with the Topic and H&S / Fire Safety Audit and Inspection Policy, and provide recommendations to improve health and safety performance.

4. Facilitate and/or provide training for the safe handling and use of compressed gas

cylinders and systems by QMUL staff and students.

5. Liaise with the QMUL Estates & Facilities, and other duty holders with regard to provide competent advice on health and safety legislation and standards for compressed gas cylinders and systems, facility planning, contracts, design, installation, commissioning, maintenance and decommissioning.

6. Carry out a Fire Safety Risk Assessment on compressed gas cylinder and associated

systems, storage and ‘in use’ areas to determine the hazard and the risk associated with a fire originating from a gas cylinder and / or a fire impacting on a gas cylinder(s). The findings from which are to be incorporated into the Building or Campus Fire Safety Management Plan.

7. Keep their own competency, training, knowledge and experience up to date on the topic.

7.6 QMUL Occupational Health Service It is the responsibility of the Occupational Health Service to

Establish and maintain as identified in the risk assessment, health surveillance and monitoring activities which helps protect staff / students at an early stage from use of compressed gas systems.

7.7 Compressed gas systems suppliers and designers

It is the responsibility of compressed gas system suppliers and designers to ensure that they:

1. Know and understand their roles and responsibilities and are competent and

qualified to design and/or supply the required compressed gas system. Evidence for competency should be provided to the QMUL client via a portfolio containing industry accreditations, training qualifications and competency, including those for health & safety, history of design and supply of similar facilities.

2. Liaise effectively with the QMUL client and installer / commissioner.

3. Understand the QMUL client’s requirements and provide the most effective system for safety, location, use, and checks and maintenance.

4. Fully brief the QMUL client on the system limitations.

5. Provide in full to the QMUL client, the system specifications and documentation /

information for the system.

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6. Provide to the QMUL client, the specification for in-use performance checks.

7.8 Compressed gas system installers and commissioners

In many cases, an installer and commissioner may be the same competent person. They should ensure that they

1. Know and understand their roles and responsibilities, and are competent and

qualified to provide the installation and/or commissioning of the compressed gas system. Evidence for competency should be provided to the QMUL client via a portfolio containing industry accreditations, training qualifications and competency, including those for health & safety, history of installation / commissioning of similar facilities.

2. Liaise effectively with the named QMUL client (Estates & Facilities and/or Academic School / Institute) and compressed gas system supplier / designer.

3. Install and commission according to the statutory requirements, and the design

and supply specification.

4. Know and understand if needed, how to modify the system design in line with the specification and statutory limitations to improve safety.

5. Provide installation, commissioning records and system information (e.g. system

manual, user manual, log book, benchmark criteria for future performance (in use and life span), including deactivation and final disposal) to the named QMUL Client.

7.9 Compressed Gas Service Providers

(Without prejudice to any commercial service contract with QMUL)

1. Know and understand their roles and responsibilities, and are competent and

qualified to provide the service for the compressed gas system. Evidence for competency should be provided to the QMUL client via a portfolio containing industry accreditations, training qualifications and competency, including those for health & safety.

2. Service providers shall cooperate with QMUL to ensure that all deliveries and movements are conducted in a safe manner. All delivery drivers shall comply with any entry / exit and road traffic procedures (e.g. speed limits, access points) that are in place on QMUL premises.

3. Delivery drivers shall report any safety related incidents to QMUL by the best

practicable means (by contacting the local Safety Coordinator, responsible facility or lab manager, QMUL Security and/or the Health & Safety Directorate)

4. As per the terms of a service contract with QMUL, the service provider shall undertake routine annual checks on cylinders and where contracted to, inspections, tests and examination of compressed gas systems.

5. Service providers retain the right to refuse to service or replace compressed gas

cylinders or system if they deem it unsafe to do so. If and when such cases arise, the service provider shall make it clear by a written communication to the responsible person, the reasons for not undertaking the replacement or service process.

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6. In the event of safety critical faults being discovered, the service provider shall disable the compressed gas cylinder or system to ensure safety, and report the matter by a written communication to the responsible person for the facility / item immediately for action.

7. For significant planned or emergency on-site maintenance works, the appropriate permit to work shall be obtained from the responsible person for the compressed gas facility or system and followed.

8. Information, Training and Supervision Heads of Schools, Directorates or Institutes are responsible for establishing and

enforcing local rules that ensure that: 8.1 All staff and postgraduate research students who are required to handle and store

gas cylinders shall receive suitable information and instruction regarding the hazards associated with gas cylinders and the gases being stored, and provided with the necessary skills and knowledge to carry out their work safely. Unless specifically authorised by the Heads of School, Directorate or Institute, QMUL undergraduate students or taught research students are not to handle compressed gas cylinders by themselves.

8.2 The QMUL Manager / Supervisor ensures their staff member/s or postgraduate research students are adequately trained and to establish competency.

8.3 A training programme is carried out under a recorded system where an acceptable level of competency has to be achieved. Supervision would be necessary for new or inexperienced staff members or postgraduate research students.

8.4 The training programme shall make provision for refresher training at least every 3 years or sooner if required.

See Appendix 7 and BCGA GN23 Identifying gas safety training requirements in the work place (2012) for further details.

9. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

9.1 The minimum recommended Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) requirements for QMUL staff and contractors engaged in the storage and handling of gas cylinders are:

a. Protective gloves (to EN 388 standard). b. Safety shoes, boots with metatarsal protection are strongly recommended. c. Safety glasses (to EN 166 standard with impact and projectile projection).

9.2 All PPE is to be kept free of oil and grease. Contaminated PPE is to be replaced.

9.3 PPE may only be considered as a control to achieve an acceptable level of residual

risk after other levels of control have been addressed

9.4 In certain locations, or site conditions, other additional PPE may be obligatory, for example, hard hats, ear defenders.

9.5 The work activity risk assessment will determine the requirement for the use of hazard controls, including PPE.

http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/a-z/permit-to-work/

http://www.bcga.co.uk/assets/publications/GN23.pdf

http://www.bcga.co.uk/assets/publications/GN23.pdf

Page 16 of 37


10. Emergency Plan and Procedures

10.1 The emergency plan for compressed gas stores and installations at QMUL will identify:

a. Potential emergency situations. b. Identification of compressed gases held, approximate stock holdings and their

hazard categories. c. Location of gas cylinder stores (and other hazardous goods stores). d. The procedures to be followed, for example, site evacuation, accounting of

personnel. e. Responsibilities of key personnel, including the appointment of an incident

controller. This shall be a trained person with adequate local site knowledge to take charge of the emergency and assist the emergency services as necessary.

f. Access to and availability of emergency equipment and PPE. Further advice on fire-fighting equipment and fire precautions may be obtained from either the enforcing or fire authorities.

g. Involvement of the emergency services. h. Responsible person’s contact details.

10.2 The Emergency plan will adhere to the framework of the QMUL Incident Plan and be

guided by the designated QMUL senior manager in the event of a fire involving compressed gas cylinders and systems. Also refer to BCGA Leaflet 6 Cylinders in Fires.

10.3 Additional information for a compressed gas will be available in the product Safety Data Sheet.

10.4 All staff who are required to handle and store gas cylinders shall receive suitable information and instruction regarding the emergency plans.

10.5 Emergency plans should be reviewed or practiced on the following occasions: a. On a routine basis; recommended to be at least annually. b. Whenever significant changes are made to the site. c. When there is a significant change in the quantity of gases held. d. There is an introduction of a different hazard category of gas, or the removal of a

particular hazard category. e. After an incident has occurred and to ensure that any lessons learnt shall be

incorporated back into the emergency plan. 11 Hazard and Warning Signage for Compressed Gas Systems and Cylinders

See Appendix 2 and 6 for details. 12 Commissioning of Compressed Gas Systems

See Appendix 4 for details and BCGA CP 44 ‘The storage of gas cylinders’ (2016) along with section 7 above ‘roles and responsibilities’.

13 Security

13.1 All stores and areas containing gas cylinders shall be secure and access shall be restricted to authorised personnel. This may be achieved by securing the site with a

http://www.security.qmul.ac.uk/downloads/

http://www.bcga.co.uk/assets/publications/L6.pdf

http://www.bcga.co.uk/assets/publications/L6.pdf

http://www.bcga.co.uk/assets/publications/CP44.pdf

Page 17 of 37


boundary fence with lockable gates, access cards / codes or by securing individual stores. Dependant on the site security requirements a combination may be required.

13.2 The security arrangements shall include appropriate physical and management security controls to prevent unauthorised access, theft, tampering, arson, and vandalism and to effectively monitor the usage of gases, as well as any specific local considerations.

13.3 Keys or access codes for each store shall be kept in a secure location and only issued to authorised persons; a log should be kept.

13.4 Where high consequence ‘dangerous goods’, such as toxic gases, are stored on site a security plan shall be drawn up and implemented in compliance with the security provisions of ADR, Chapter 1.10. [ADR - European Agreement concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods by road (ADR) (as amended)].

Page 18 of 37


14. Further information and reference documents

Further information and document downloads can be obtained from: UK Legislation www.legislation.gov.uk Health and Safety Executive (HSE) www.hse.gov.uk International Organization for Standardization (ISO) www.iso.org British Standards Institute (BSI) www.bsigroup.co.uk European Industrial Gases Association (EIGA) www.eiga.eu British Compressed Gases Association (BCGA) www.bcga.co.uk The UK LPG trade association (UKLPG) www.uklpg.org National Health Service (NHS) – Business Services Authority - Protect www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/

http://www.hse.gov.uk/

http://www.iso.org/

http://www.bsigroup.co.uk/

http://www.eiga.eu/

http://www.bcga.co.uk/

http://www.uklpg.org/

http://www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk/

Page 19 of 37


PART B – Procedures and Guidance

Appendix 1 - Compressed Gas Cylinders - ‘in use’ and procedural risk control

measures

In addition to location risk controls (in 6.4), the following ‘in use’ and procedural controls should be identified where applicable for compressed gas cylinders:

1. The least hazardous gas available for the purpose is used. 2. The minimum number and size of compressed gas cylinder possible is used. 3. Cylinders should be stored upright, when designed for upright storage. Where gas

cylinders are stored horizontally, for example, round-bottomed cylinders, special arrangements will be required to secure them.

4. Cylinders inside buildings are stored within purpose built fire resistant cabinets and appropriately protected pipework and fittings as noted in 6.4

5. Where flammable or oxidising gases are to be used, cabinet installations, pipework and fittings are to be installed and maintained according to the ATEX Directive requirements (see L138 - Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations 2002 (DSEAR) - Approved Code of Practice (ACOP) and guidance)

6. Upright cylinders are secured vertically to wall or protective cabinet – bench mounted cylinders are not permissible unless procedures are assessed and authorised by the responsible person.

7. Cylinders are not placed where objects may strike or fall on them, possibly damaging the cylinders or their components.

8. Every cylinder to have means of a closing valve (i.e. hand-wheel or suitable spanner).

9. All spare gas cylinders to be located in an outdoor gas cylinder store and only brought into the laboratory or workshop when a change of gas cylinder is required (unless stored within a suitable fire protective cabinet).

10. Gas cylinders to be clearly marked to show what they contain and the hazards associated with their contents.

11. Gas detection sensors, monitors and alarm systems to be fitted and maintained where oxygen may be depleted or a toxic or harmful gas may be released into a confined or semi-confined space. A repeater unit must be fitted at a suitable location outside the room or area to warn others before entry. Connection into a central QMUL system for rapid emergency response such as the building monitoring system and/or call out system is recommended. Portable personal monitors may be considered in addition to, but not as an alternative to, fixed detection systems. An indicative table with gas alarm levels is below.

12. Ensure the room is adequately ventilated and lit. 13. Avoid storage and use in extremes of temperature, including direct sunlight. 14. Cylinders must not be accompanied in any QMUL lift. Lift lock off systems must

always be used. 15. QMUL staff and students should not have to move or transport cylinders as there is a

‘point of use’ contract in place with the commercial supplier. 16. If for a justifiable reason and under a recorded risk assessment and procedure, a

trained and competent QMUL member of staff needs to move or transport a cylinder, they must always use the correct cylinder trolley for long distance, with cylinders secured with a chain or strap. ‘Churning’ may be used for short distance on level floor (with suitable gloves, boots and training provided in advance). Only use suitable cradles, platforms or trollies to hold individual cylinders for lifting. These should be subject to regular inspection, maintenance and repair or replacement if damaged.

17. During transport, the cylinder valve must be closed, and protective valve cover in place and the regulator and hoses must be removed before transport.

https://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l138.pdf

Page 20 of 37


18. Not to drop, drag, slide or roll a cylinder, or permit them to strike each other violently or be handled roughly.

19. When handling cylinders the following PPE must be worn: For inert, oxygen and flammable gas cylinders: steel toe-capped shoes or boots, gloves (to BS EN 388 standard) and eye protection (to BS EN 166 standard with adequate impact protection) as a minimum. Toxic and other hazard containing gases will require specific PPE as indicated by the risk assessment in addition to that listed above. This may include: chemical protective suit in accordance with BS EN 493, face protection and chemical resistant gloves (to BS EN 374 standard).

Table - Gas Sensors – indicative alarm levels and probable locations for fitting

Gas Where it can be located Alarm levels

Where required

Asphyxiants e.g. Nitrogen and Carbon dioxide

Laboratories and areas with gas cylinders

Laboratories using liquid nitrogen,

19.5% < Any space that O2 concentration can foreseeably fall below 19.5%.

Carbon dioxide Places used by gas boilers and similar equipment.

>0.5% Where CO2 used and concentrations could exceed 0.5% if there was a leak.

Oxygen enrichment

Where oxygen used in significant quantities.

>24% Any space that O2 concentration can foreseeably exceed 24%.

Flammables Area assessment Variable Contact HSD for advice.

Carbon monoxide

Solid fuels burning systems, Labs using CO2

100 ppm (approx. 0.01%)

Always required if solid fuels burnt inside.

Toxics Area assessment Variable Contact HSD for advice.

Others Area assessment Variable Contact HSD for advice.

Page 21 of 37


Appendix 2 - Compressed Gas Hazard Classification and Signage

A. Hazard Classification

Page 22 of 37


B. Gas Cylinder Store Signage

Page 23 of 37


Page 24 of 37


Appendix 3 – Written Scheme of Examination

A Written Scheme of Examination (WSE) is a document containing information about

selected items of plant or equipment which form a pressure system, operate at or above

certain defined pressures and contain a ‘relevant fluid’ (see section 5 for the definitions).

Piped compressed gas systems attached to pressure cylinder installations typically fall under

this requirement under PSSR 2000.

a) Typical contents of a written scheme of examination include: 1. Identification of the items of plant or equipment within the system;

2. Those parts of the system which are to be examined;

3. The nature of the examination required, including the inspection and testing to be carried out on any protective devices;

4. The preparatory work needed for the item to be examined safely;

5. Where appropriate, the nature of any examination needed before the system is first used;

6. The maximum interval between examinations;

7. The critical parts of the system which, if modified or repaired, should be examined by a competent person before the system is used again;

8. The name of the competent person certifying the written scheme of examination; and

9. The date of certification.

b) Typically a Written Scheme will cover the examination of - 1. All protective devices.

2. All high pressure regulators.

3. All high pressure hoses and pigtails.

4. All pipe work, which, in the event of failure could give rise to danger.

c) In addition, there is a requirement for regular inspection / maintenance checks which technically fall outside the requirements of the Written Scheme of Examination and typically may include-

1. Before use: Visual examination of the condition of the equipment.

2. Regulator creep test.

3. System low pressure leak test at normal operating pressures.

4. Visual and functional check of all system components.

5. Routine replacement of high pressure system components.

d) Written Scheme of Examination for standalone compressed gas cylinder installations:

The HSE note that Written Schemes of Examination for the following are not normally required for 1. Portable gas (e.g. oxy-acetylene or oxypropane) welding and cutting sets. However,

it should be noted that such equipment can present a risk of fire or explosion if not assembled, operated and maintained correctly.

2. Most stand-alone pressure cylinder installations systems that consist only of a cylinder, regulator & low pressure flexible hose feeding the output of the regulator to the process equipment.

However, in such cases, a documented assessment of the potential risks should be undertaken, and where this results in recognition that injury or significant harm could result from a failure of the system, then a Written Scheme of Examination is required to be drawn up.

Page 25 of 37


For additional guidance refer to HSE leaflet INDG178 Written schemes of examination and

HSE L122, Approved Code of Practice for the Pressure Systems Safety Regulations.

http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg178.htm

http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/books/l122.htm

Page 26 of 37


Appendix 4 – Piped Compressed Gas Installations at QMUL

A. Commissioning and Installation

1. All gas installations at QMUL shall be of a permanent fixed type of single cylinder, or multiple cylinder primary gas manifolds and must be installed in accordance with PSSR 2000 and following BCGA CP 44 ‘The storage of gas cylinders’ (2016) and CP39In-service requirements of pressure equipment (gas storage and gas distribution systems) (Revision 2: 2017) by a competent person/installer and will be of suitable design and use materials of construction suitable for the intended gas. The location risk controls and management options for safe location in section 6.4 must be followed.

2. The design risk assessment must assess all foreseeable hazards and arising risks

including

• fire impacting on the cylinder, pipework and store / storage cabinet • the density of the gas and variation in effect due to temperature, density, pressure and physical state • the hazardous properties of the gas (e.g. toxic, corrosive, flammable) • the resulting atmosphere in the event of a gas release, • potential release points, including the release rate, duration, volume and likelihood of release • Transfer of released product into other spaces, for example, ventilation system, air intake, elevation (basement, top floors, etc.), gulleys and trenches • the risk of explosion from flammable gas release • the leakage from valves or safety relief devices • the ventilation requirements • the access to and egress from cylinder store • the movement and handling of cylinders to store • the detection equipment • the exposure of personnel to gas / gases • occupancy of the spaces where a release may take place • gas sensors and monitoring systems, required locations and connection into central building / warning monitoring systems for rapid response

3. The industry sector document below must be consulted on the hazardous properties of gases intended to be used and further required design risk control measures identified. GN11 - The management of risk when using gases in enclosed workplaces. Revision 4: 2018 - provides guidance that can be used in the assessment of risk associated with gases in enclosed workplaces, to help identify where hazardous atmospheres may occur and to advise on control measures that may be appropriate. Consult HSD to establish a suitable design risk assessment. Templates are available from HSD.

4. Gas generation equipment should be considered with associated pipework fitted and

either manual or automated shut off valves linked to the building fire alarm system. This is especially relevant for flammable or oxidising gases.




http://www.bcga.co.uk/assets/BCGA%20GN%2011%20-%20Revision%204%20-%20For%20Publication.pdf

http://www.bcga.co.uk/assets/BCGA%20GN%2011%20-%20Revision%204%20-%20For%20Publication.pdf

Page 27 of 37


5. Where pipework is installed to supply gas throughout the building ‘as installed drawings’ should be drawn that detail the location of all pipework runs, the types of gases supplied by each pipe and the locations of all shut off valves. Such pipework should also be subjected to regular maintenance and inspection. Pipework should be labeled with applicable hazard symbols or words– see Appendix 2, above noted codes and HSD topic page http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/a-z/safety-signage/

6. Any new requirements for inert and oxygen gas systems shall be taken off the existing fixed gas supply or if not already installed, a request to QMUL EAF for a permanently fixed installation to be located outside the building.

7. Temporary fixed inert and oxygen gas systems may be requested to QMUL EAF for

short periods in accordance with an agreed scheme and a design and use risk assessment. Authorisation by HSD should be sought in advance for fire safety and the area fire risk assessment updated.

8. Any new requirements for flammable gas systems shall be taken off the existing fixed

gas supply from the gas cabinet, subject to an agreed updated design and use risk assessment by a competent person/installer. Authorisation by HSD should be sought in advance for fire safety and the area fire risk assessment updated.

9. If there is not a flammable gas system installed, a request to QMUL EAF for a fixed

permanent gas system shall be made. Any new flammable gas requirement shall be installed into a fire protective cabinet of no less than 90 minute fire retardant capability. Authorisation by HSD should be sought in advance for fire safety and the area fire risk assessment updated. A temporary fixed gas system is NOT permitted for flammable gases.

10. Any new requirements for a toxic gas systems shall be taken off the existing fixed

gas supply from the toxic gas cabinet. If there is not a toxic gas system installed, a request to QMUL EAF for a fixed permanent gas system shall be made. Authorisation by HSD should be sought in advance for health and safety and the area fire and COSHH risk assessments updated.

11. Any new toxic gas requirement shall be installed into a gas protective cabinet of no

less than 90 minute fire retardant capability and will be complete with an inert gas purge and gas appropriate monitor. A temporary fixed gas system is NOT permitted for toxic gases.

12. QMUL engage Zurich Insurance to carry out the inspection and testing of pressure systems in order to comply with the PSSR 2000.

13. It is NOT permitted for any QMUL staff, student or other person on QMUL premises

other than authorised by the QMUL EAF Capital Projects or Infrastructure &

Maintenance Assistant Director to make their own piped compressed gas installation

as this would not achieve the requirements for pressure systems.

Refer to the following documents for further guidance and consult HSD:

HSG51-The storage of flammable liquids in containers

L138 - Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations 2002 (DSEAR) - Approved Code of Practice (ACOP) and guidance

BS EN 14470-1:2004 - Fire Safety Storage Cabinets. Safety Cabinets For Flammable Liquids

http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/a-z/safety-signage/

https://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hsg51.pdf

https://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l138.pdf

Page 28 of 37


BS EN 14470-2:2006 - Fire Safety Storage Cabinets. Safety Cabinets for Pressurised Gas Cylinders (BS EN standards are downloadable from https://www.library.qmul.ac.uk/ with a valid QMUL login)

B. User inspections of piped gas installations

The maintenance schedule for a system should cover the following points as a minimum

requirement

1. Weekly inspection (by the user) to check that visually, equipment is in good order,

is being correctly used and all the required equipment is fitted.

2. Manifold, framework and chains are in good condition.

3. Pigtails and flexible hoses are not corroded or damaged.

4. Valves shut off and open correctly.

5. Regulators are identified as being suitable for the gas and pressures and are not

damaged.

6. The system is operating normally, i.e. report if the system is using more gas than

normal, if there is an unusual drop in pressure or any indication of a malfunction or

leak.

7. The manifold location is free from oil and combustible materials and the area is not

used as a general storeroom.

C. Annual inspection by a person with appropriate experience and knowledge to check

that:

1. All repairs and modifications (including removals and additions of components) and

extensions carried out conform to BCGA CP44.

2. Changes in the vicinity of the installation do not affect its operation or safety.

Examples are location of heat sources or burners, moving of machines or work

places, occurrence of vibrations, use of pipework as an electrical earth or as a

support for other items, proximity to electrical installations and to other piping

systems. There is adequate identification of above ground pipework and route

markers for buried pipework.

3. The system is free from leaks by testing at the designated operating pressure.

4. Buried pipework is not visibly compromised in any obvious way.

5. Filters are in good condition and are not blocked and to clean or replace them where

necessary.

D. Maintenance in accordance with a Written Scheme (all changes to be recorded):

1. Connection hose (non-metallic lined) – replace every 5 years

2. Stainless hoses – replace every 5 years replace

3. Copper or copper alloy pigtail – external examination every year, anneal if work

hardened or replace and fit new seals.

4. Process relief valve – every 6 years examine and replace.

https://www.library.qmul.ac.uk/

Page 29 of 37


5. Flame arrestors – every 5 years replace with new unit.

6. Regulators – every 5 years replace with new unit

7. Distribution system pipework – annual inspection and pressure test.

For further details see BCGA CP4 Industrial gas cylinder manifolds and gas distribution

pipework (excluding acetylene). (Revision 4: 2012) and CP39

In-service requirements of pressure equipment (gas storage and gas distribution systems)

(Revision 2: 2017).




Page 30 of 37


Appendix 5 - Outdoor Storage of Gas Cylinders When gas cylinders are stored external to a building (i.e. outdoors) they are to be stored in accordance with the specifications noted in BCGA CP 44 ‘The storage of gas cylinders’ (2016). The key principles for safe outdoor storage are summarized below:

1. Storage within wire mesh cages, built structures or cages should be selected according to the specifications in BCGA CP44.

2. Site specific design and use risk assessment is required for each gas cylinder store

at QMUL and must be kept up to date.

3. All storage areas shall be located with due regard to the minimum recommended separation distances specified detailed in section 5.4.1 and Appendix 2 of BCGA CP 44 (calculations of safe distances may be required).

4. Consent from the local authority is obtained to store quantities of dangerous

substances over certain thresholds.

5. Cylinder stores are to be located away from site designated emergency exits and escape routes.

6. Cylinder stores shall be constructed with ventilation, intrinsically safe electrical

equipment, flooring and where assessed, partitioning, roofing and fire retardant barriers to the required specifications noted in BCGA CP44.

7. It is permitted to store flammable gases, inert gases and oxygen in the same storage area with appropriate partitioning (as per calculations from iii above).

8. All toxic gases must be stored separately and a minimum separation of 3m away

from all other gases.

9. All gas cylinders shall be individually supported by suitable cylinder brackets located at a height suitable for the size of gas cylinder.

10. The gas cylinder store is NOT to be used for storage of other items and shall NEVER

be used for the storage of oils, paints and combustible materials.

11. Transport routes from the store to the location of use must be smooth and unimpeded.

12. Cylinders must not be accompanied in any QMUL lift. Lift lock off systems must be used.



Page 31 of 37


Appendix 6 – Gas cylinder testing, examination, labelling, use and disposal Testing and examination Applicable statute law requires that gas cylinders are:

i. Manufactured to an appropriate standard approved under the relevant legislation and,

ii. Examined by a relevant inspection body to verify that the cylinders are manufactured correctly and conform to the appropriate design standard.

iii. To have a periodic inspection and test to ensure the safety of the cylinder. Stamps on the shoulder identify the test date and the approved test authority. Figure 1 - The use of cylinder test date rings between the cylinder and valve provide a quick visual reference to the next test date.

Figure 1 - cylinder test date rings

Suppliers of gas cylinders to QMUL and owners / users of gas cylinders at QMUL should satisfy themselves that the manufacturing requirements have been carried out by examining either:

i. The written certificate which accompanies the gas cylinder; or, ii. The stamp or mark of the relevant inspection body on the gas cylinder itself.

The cylinder label shall always be used as the primary means of identifying the contents of gas cylinders. The label will identify the product name and the class of hazard (Diamond Hazard Label(s)). Some gas cylinders may have this information stenciled on the body of the cylinder.

Figure 2 – An example of gas cylinder label with product details, hazard signage and

supplier contact details including safety and emergency information

Page 32 of 37


Colour coding is a secondary method of identifying certain gases or the properties of others, however colour coding is not mandatory for most gases but its use is supported by the majority of gas suppliers. Colour coding is typically applied to the shoulder, or curved part, at the top of the cylinder.

Figure 3 – The industry standard of colour coding for the shoulders of compressed gas

cylinders

See BCGA TIS6 Gas cylinder identification. Label and colour coding requirements (Revision

3: 2018) for full details.

Use and disposal

1. Cylinders can continue to be used until nominally empty, but not refilled or

transported (on the public highway) if the due date for inspection and re-test has

passed.

2. Gas cylinders are not to be repainted, to have any markings obscured, labels

removed or added, without the explicit consent of the owner.

3. To prevent the interchange of fittings between cylinders containing combustible gases and non-combustible gases the cylinder valve outlets have different threads. Non-combustible gases, like oxygen, nitrogen, argon and air, all have right-hand threads. Combustible gases like acetylene, hydrogen, propane and mixtures containing fuel gas all have left-hand threads.

4. These precautions mean that oxygen and fuel gas regulators are not

interchangeable. Spindle keys, however, are interchangeable.

http://www.bcga.co.uk/assets/BCGA%20TIS%206%20-%20Rev%203%20-%20For%20Publication.pdf

Page 33 of 37


5. The cylinder valves on all gas cylinders, whether they contain combustible or non-combustible gas, are opened by turning the spindle anti-clockwise and closed by turning the spindle clockwise. (Figures 4 and 5 below).

Figure 4: Cylinder Valve and Pressure Regulator

Figure 5: Opening and Closing a Cylinder Valve

6. Never let oil or grease touch your cylinder or fittings. 7. Never use jointing compounds. 8. Lubrication of cylinder valves and fittings is highly dangerous as well as being

unnecessary. 9. High pressure oxygen will react violently with oils and grease which may explode or

ignite violently.

10. If the contents of a gas cylinder cannot be identified, the gas cylinder is to be

declared unserviceable and returned to the owner as soon as practicable. Where the

owner can no longer be identified or found, a competent and a BCGA approved

contractor should be used for cylinder disposal – see

http://www.bcga.co.uk/pages/index.cfm?page_id=91

http://www.bcga.co.uk/pages/index.cfm?page_id=91

Page 34 of 37


Appendix 7 – Compressed Gas Cylinders - Training Topics

Page 35 of 37


Appendix 8 – Emergency Procedure Template for QMUL

A. Action in the event of a serious leakage

This is to be based on the extent of the leak and the hazard(s) and risk(s) associated with

the leaking product.

1. Raise the alarm

2. Evacuate the immediate area and establish a safe cordon.

3. Telephone the QMUL Emergency Number 0207 882 3333 (QMUL Security) and

state

Nature of Incident – compressed gas leak

Location – Campus, Building, Room / Area

Your name, School / Institute / Directorate and contact telephone number.

4. QMUL Security will instigate the emergency plan. This will involve authorised

QMUL senior staff and the London Fire Brigade.

5. Once initial control of the incident is established then, if it is safe to do so, an

attempt should be made to stop the leak. Only the London Fire Brigade

personnel, authorised QMUL staff or an authorised expert contractor who have

knowledge of gas properties, the hazards from the gas, who understand the risks

involved and who have been trained to deal with gas emergencies, wearing

appropriate PPE, should approach or handle leaking cylinders.

6. Identify the gas concerned.

7. Identify the source of the leak.

8. Undertake the appropriate actions to make the gas cylinder safe. As necessary,

the London Fire Brigade will consult the gas supplier and their experts for advice.

9. Never attempt to dismantle or repair cylinder valves. Once the cylinder has been

made safe, quarantine the cylinder and make arrangements to return it to the

owner (normally the gas supplier).

B. Action in the event of a fire involving or affecting gas cylinder/s

Follow the QMUL Fire Safety Standard and Management Procedures To summarise:

1. KEEP AWAY, do not approach or attempt to move the cylinder or open the

valve.

2. Sound the alarm.

3. Evacuate the danger area.

4. From a safe place, telephone the QMUL Emergency Number 0207 882 3333

(QMUL Security) and state

http://www.hsd.qmul.ac.uk/media/hsd/documents/fire/QMUL_HS_043_October-2013_Fire-Safety-Standard-and-Management-Procedures.docx

Page 36 of 37


Nature of Incident – fire involving or affecting gas cylinder/s

Location – Campus, Building, Room / Area

Your name, School / Institute / Directorate and contact telephone number.

5. QMUL Security will immediately inform the Emergency Services (London Fire

Brigade, Ambulance & Paramedic Services) immediately of the location, the

products (by hazard classification) being stored and the quantities of any gas

cylinders involved in the fire, as well as any other gas cylinder stores located

on the site.

6. Contact the gas supplier for advice on the gases or the gas cylinders

involved in a fire. The gas supplier shall ALWAYS be notified of any cylinder

involved in a fire.

7. The London Fire Brigade will take charge of the site until it is declared safe to

re-enter. Follow all instructions given by the Fire Brigade and other

emergency services.

Page 37 of 37


Document Control Version 1 – Ref: QMUL/H&S/113

Author: Dr Mark Ariyanayagam

Position: QMUL Biological Safety Adviser and H&S Manager (SMD)

Checked by: Mrs Zarah Laing

Position: Director of Health and Safety, QMUL

Consultation : QMUL Faculty / PS H&S Management Groups

Date: June 2018

Approved by: QMUL Health & Safety Advisory Group

Date: 08 Oct 2018

Status: LIVE

Date of Issue: 10 Jan 2020

Date of next scheduled review: 10 Jan 2023

Version No.

Date of alteration and re-issue

Details of changes Changes made by

-

Supercedes ‘Procedures for the use of gas cylinders’ QM/H&S/0063 Version 28/08/08 (Author Dr John Robinson, QMUL H&S)

- -

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