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Computer and Information Science
and Engineering
Robert R. BorchersDivision Director
Advanced Computational Infrastructure and Research
ORAP, March 21, 2000
The Information Technology R&D Initiative
2
Overview
ITR agenda maps PITAC into ITR and beyond• Fundamental, long-term thematic IT research• Advanced computing for science, engineering, and the Nation• Ethical, social, and economic implications of Information
Revolution• Education and training of America’s IT workforce• Five teraflop computing capability for S&E research
FY 2000 Current Plan• Information technology research - $90 million• Terascale acquisition - $36 million
3
ITR Research Agenda
Increase fundamental, long-term, high risk basic research
• Software – security, reliability, scalability, ease of reuse
• Human-Computer Interface and Information Management
• High-End Computing
• Scalable Information Infrastructure
• Socioeconomic, Ethical, Legal & Workforce Implications
4
A Vision of the World in 2010
2010
Social , Behavioral, Economic Sciences
Information Sciences
Life Sciences
PhysicalSciences,
Engineering
2000
Social ,Behavioral, EconomicSciences
LifeSciences
PhysicalSciences,
Engineering
Information Sciences
IT2 Research
IT2 Research
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Software
Goals• Increase productivity• Reduce fragility• Strengthen security• Manifest adaptiveness and flexibility
Methods• Seek revolutionary ideas and validate on realistic problems• Increase science base underlying software development• Bring greater engineering discipline to development process• Incorporate self-stability to achieve fault-tolerance, load-
balancing, etc.
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High-End Computing Pyramid
“Familiar problems are made more acute by greater scale, diversity, and performance requirements” – Herb Schorr
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High-End Computing Research
Goals• Develop enabling computational science technologies for all
disciplines
• Advance the fundamental high-end computing state of the art
Methods• Encourage exploration of new ideas in scalable software and
scientific visualization
• Launch a major program for scientific applications
• Establish cross-directorate activity
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Scalable Information Infrastructure:Ubiquitous Connectivity
Satellite
Global
Suburban& rural
Urban
Pico-Cell
Micro-Cell Macro-Cell
In-building
Pico-Cell
Adapted from Tim Hewitt, “UMTS Overview,” TIA inf. Session, ITU Comf., Mpls, MN, Oct. 17-18, 1998
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Socioeconomic, Ethical, Legal & Workforce Implications
Economic and social implications of IT
Interaction between social and computer scientists
Workforce• Understanding the pipeline• Technology for learning• Innovation in education• Mentoring
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• The Presidential Information Technology Advisory Committee (PITAC) recommended:
Major new investments in long-term computing research, including high-end computation, and
Providing a terascale computing system to support future computational and computer science research.
• NSF’s implementation of a terascale system, following a full and open competition, would augment the resources available to the Science and Engineering computation community through the Partnerships for Advanced Computational Infrastructure (PACI) program.
High End Computing in IT2
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Presidential Advisory Commission on Information Technology
• High-end needs highlighted by PITAC– Long-term research in innovative computing technologies & software– Funding leading-edge computing facilities for research
• High-end recommendations by PITAC– Major new investments in long-term research enabling high-end
computation– Terascale equipment acquisition supporting current computational and
computer science research– Integrated research and development plan to create balanced petaflop
systems by 2010
• Addressing these will require coordinated efforts with other IT2 thrusts
12
HPCC Workshops Background
• NSF hosted 3 workshops in 1998 to identify HPC challenges• Science workshop findings
– Important applications need large scale computing, large memories, high bandwidth networking and I/O
• Algorithms workshop findings– Algorithm development requires teams with representation of
applications and computer science– Algorithms must demonstrate usefulness for applications on BIG
systems
• Software workshop findings– HPCC potential of large parallel systems can only be partially
fulfilled due to limited programmability, limited understanding of end to end behavior, inadequate data management, …
– Software research is necessary in all of these areas
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Computational Science Terascale Examples
• Weather and Climate Prediction
• Protein Folding
• Cosmology
• Chemical Kinetics
• Gravitational Waveforms
• Seismology
• Combustion Systems
• Large Scale Economic Systems Analyses
• Materials Sciences
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Capability Computing - Numerical Prediction of Thunderstorms
Same Computer Forecast WithoutNEXRAD Radar Data
Moore, OKTornadic
Storm Missing!
Nat’l WeatherNat’l WeatherService ComputerService Computer
ForecastForecast(unable to(unable torepresentrepresentindividualindividual
thunderstorms)thunderstorms)
Moore, OKTornadic
Storm
2-Hour ARPS Computer Forecast Down to the Scale of Counties -- Run on the
256-Node Origin 2000 at NCSA
Central Oklahoma, May 3 1999, 7:00 pm CDT
7 pm NEXRAD Radar Observations
Moore, OKTornadic
Storm
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Five years ago, this sort of prediction was deemedtheoretically impossible.
Now it’s being done inreal time! With terascale systems it will be routine.
NSF Science and Technology Center for Analysis and Prediction of StormsUniversity of Oklahoma
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Review and Selection Criteria
The normal NSF review criteria will be used, plus examination of:
– Delivery schedules, costs, and system performance
– Evidence that the institution can mount and sustain the system
– Construction and operations budgets, and sources of funds
– Quality and credibility of the following plans:• Physical Facility,
• Computer Acquisition and System Integration,
• Staffing & Management,
• Computing Resource Management,
• Network Connectivity, and
• Education.
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Goals• To use information technology effectively and efficiently• To make computers do what we want• To find out what we wish to know
Research Themes• Active Knowledge• Computer Human Boundary • Human Support and Augmentation
Human-Computer Interaction & Information Management
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Scalability
Heterogeneity
Self-management
Adaptability
Security/privacy
Reliability
Dynamic Networks
Scalable Information Infrastructure:Central Research Issues
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ITR Multidisciplinarity
Multidisciplinary research stressed• Encourages projects simultaneously contributing to IT and
other disciplines
Cross-directorate collaboration and involvement• Extensive consultation in planning process• Multi-directorate ITR Coordinating Committee
• Advises CISE AD• NSF-wide contact point• Responsible for preproposal and full proposal reviews
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Status of ITR Research Competition
Solicitation released Sept. 28, 1999
Project Budgets over $500K• Letters of intent due Nov. 15, 1999
• Preproposals due Jan. 5, 2000 (Panel review early Feb. 2000)
• Full proposals due Apr. 17, 2000 (Panel review mid May 2000)
Project Budgets under $500K• Letters of intent due Jan. 5, 2000
• Full proposals due Feb. 14, 2000 (Panel review mid Mar. 2000)
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ITR Management
Impact Assessment• Annual awardee progress and final reports
• Midterm external reviews, site visits, and/or PI meetings for research project awards with budgets above $500K
• Internal tracking of all awards
• Reporting to external groups, e.g., PITAC, OSTP, OMB, and interagency ITR working group
• External Program Evaluation planned in FY2003
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Challenges and Opportunities
Involving teaching faculty
Role of research institutes
Support for research/engineering staff
Changing Federal IT support picture, e.g.,• Possible change in DARPA research emphases
• Possible increase NIH participation
• No FY 2000 Terascale hardware funding for DOE
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Challenges/Opportunities
Forging collaborative interdisciplinary environments, e.g.,• IT and Biology in bioinformatics
• IT and Physics in quantum computing
• IT and Chemistry in molecular switching
• Computer Science and Computational Sciences...
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ITR Management
Review Process• CISE and other directorates participate, as relevant
• Multi-level
• Pre-proposal, full-proposal, site-visit (as necessary)
• Final award decision by AD/CISE in consultation with other ADs
Awards• 30% of program funding in ~ $2M-$4M/year awards
• 40% of program funding in ~$1M/year awards
• 30% of program funding in ~$150K/year awards