Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

Computer Architecture:Core Hardware

Chapter 9Multimedia & Mass Storage

Eric Vanderburg

Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

Multimedia Extensions• MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, 3DNow

• Perform repetitive task on many objects

Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

Sound Cards• Digitizes sound

– Sampling rate in kHz– Bits is also related to sampling rate– 2 to # of bits and divide by 2– Ex: 16 bit = 65,536 (-32,768 to 32,767)

• Outputs sound to audio devices• Can process sound for stereo, surround,

or Dolby• CD in for direct output from audio CDs. • Older sound cards had IDE connectors on

them for CD-Rom drives

Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

Digital Camera• Translates light signals into digital

values

• TWAIN

• Now most are stored as JPEG and can be accessed like a USB hard drive

• JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is compressed, Some have TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) which is not.

Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

MP3 Players• Can usually send data to the device but

many have DRM (Digital Rights Management) software to restrict you from taking data from the device.

• Use hard drives or flash memory (SD, MMC, CF)

• MPEG (Motion Pictures Experts Group) – MPEG1 for audio. Layer 3 is mp3. mp4 is newer but with DRM so it is not used much at all.

• MPEG2 is for DVD• MPEG4 is for Video compression

– DivX, Xvid, 3vid

Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

Capture Card• Has video in, S-video in, or

component in

• Audio is usually processed by the sound card

• Sometimes a 1394 port is used for digital camcorder capture

Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

Optical Drives• File Systems

– CDFS (Compact Disk File System)– UDF (Universal Disk Format)

• CD-Rom

• DVD-Rom

• Burners (CD/DVD)

Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

CD-Rom• 1’s and 0’s are represented by lands

and pits. The laser burns the pits in.

• CLV (Constant Linear Velocity) – the disk spins up when it is closer to the center.

• Data is stored in a spiral instead of rings like a hard drive

• 1x: 150kbps, 200 rpm

• 52x is common

Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

CD-RW• Material can be re-melted to clear

data. (Formatting/Erase)

Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

DVD• 8.5GB

• Double sided as well

• Dual layer

• Blu Ray

• HD

• DVD+R & DVD-R 7.9GB

• 1x (CLV) = about 58 minutes

• DVD-RAM

Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

DVD Decoder• Has pass through cable or connector

on the inside

• See in class

Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

Tape Drives• Linear

• High storage capacity

• Low cost

Eric Vanderburg – Core Hardware © 2005

RAID• RAID Types…

• Software or Hardware