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Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th edition
Unit I: The Computer Industry and CareersUnit I: The Computer Industry and Careers
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 2
Objectives
Take a look at early computers
Introduce IT industries
Market IT products
Introduce IT careers
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 2
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 3
Objectives (continued)
Explore IT Jobs
Explore IT education and certification
Find an IT job
Use the Internet in your job search
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Taking a Look at Early Computers
Manual calculators Abacus Napier’s Bones: invented in early 1600s Slide rule: remained in use through 1960s
Machines that performed calculations automatically First mechanical calculator Thomas de Colmar’s Arithmometer
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Taking a Look at Early Computers (continued)
Calculating devices that operated without human power Analytical Engine Hollerith Tabulating Machine
Early computers Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) COLOSSUS UNIVAC Called first-generation computers Used vacuum tubes
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Figure I-1: A slide rule
Figure I-2: Punched cards Figure I-3: Vacuum tubes
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Taking a Look at Early Computers (continued)
Second-generation computers Used transistors
Third-generation computers Integrated circuit technology Minicomputers
Fourth-generation computers Microprocessors Development of personal computers
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Figure I-5: The IBM PCFigure I-6: The Apple Macintoshpopularized graphical user interfaces
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Introducing IT Industries
Computer industry includes: Companies that manufacture different types
of computers Software publishers Peripheral device manufacturers
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Introducing IT Industries (continued)
Information technology (IT) industry includes: Equipment manufacturers Chipmakers Software publishers Service companies Computer retailers
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Marketing IT Products
Computer’s life cycle Product development Product announcement Introduction Maintenance Retirement
Software Alpha test Beta test
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Introducing IT Careers
Computer professional Designs, configures, analyzes, develops,
tests, or ensures the security of computer hardware or software
Information Technology (IT) department Responsible for a company’s computers,
data, software, and support services
IT industry has many contract and temporary workers
Many workers telecommute
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Exploring IT Jobs
Examples of jobs in IT departments Systems analyst Computer programmer Security specialist Database administrator Network specialist/administrator Computer operator Technical support specialist Web site designer
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Exploring IT Jobs (continued)
Examples of computer professionals who work outside of IT departments Technical writer Computer salesperson Quality assurance (QA) specialist Computer engineer Manufacturing technician
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Exploring IT Educationand Certification
Computer-related degrees Offered by colleges and universities Computer engineering Computer science Information systems (IS) Information technology (IT) Software engineering
Computer-related associate’s degrees Offered by colleges, community colleges,
and technical schools
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Exploring IT Educationand Certification (continued)
Advanced degrees Master’s degrees Doctoral degrees
Certification Certificate of completion Certification exam
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Exploring IT Educationand Certification (continued)
Categories of certification exams General computer knowledge Software applications Database administration Networking Computer hardware Computer security
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Finding an IT Job (continued)
Create résumés for: Print Email HTML and XML
Web portfolio A hypertext version of a résumé Can contain:
• Links to Web sites of past employers• Schools attended• Samples of work
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Using the Internet in YourJob Search
Can use the Internet to: Research potential jobs and employers Post résumé Locate job leads Write to potential employers
Online job bank: database of thousands of job openings posted by employers
Job search agent: Program that automatically searches
databases; notifies you when it finds relevant jobs
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Talking Points: What Are Professional Ethics?
Defining ethics Ethics: study of moral standards and how
they affect our conduct in daily life Professional ethics: our on-the-job choices
and actions that reflect our values
Ethics and computers Computer professionals:
• Sometimes get pressured to engage in unethical activities
• Should be familiar with copyright law and the Digital Millennium Copyright Act
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Talking Points: What Are Professional Ethics? (continued)
Acting on ethical issues Whistleblowing
• To reducing the risk of career repercussions:– Examine your motives
– Try the normal chain of command
– Collect evidence to back up your accusations
– Record events as they unfold
– Act ethically
– Be ready to accept repercussions
– Establish a support network
– Consult a lawyer
– Consider your strategy
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Talking Points: What Are Professional Ethics? (continued)
Privacy and confidentiality issues Be familiar with laws and company policy
applicable to privacy Be aware of confidentiality issues
Staying ethical Code of ethics
• Published by many professional organizations
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Summary
This chapter introduced: Key milestones in computer history The computer industry, its companies, and
its products Technology careers Education required for technology jobs Job-searching techniques for technology
jobs Ethical issues in today’s information age