CENTER OF KNOWLEDGE, PATH TO SUCCESS Website: www.info-trek.com CHFI Computer Hacking Forensic Investigator | Page 1 of 19 290114 COMPUTER HACKING FORENSIC INVESTIGATOR Course: CHFI; Duration: 5 Days; Instructor-led WHAT YOU WILL LEARN EC-Council releases the most advanced Computer Forensic Investigation program in the world. CHFIv8 presents a detailed methodological approach to computer forensics and evidence analysis. It is a comprehensive course covering major forensic investigation scenarios that enable students to acquire hands-on experience on various forensic investigation techniques and standard tools necessary to successfully carry-out a computer forensic investigation. Battles between corporations, governments, and countries are no longer fought using physical force. Cyber war has begun and the consequences can be seen in every day life. With the onset of sophisticated cyber-attacks, the need for advanced cyber security and investigation training is a mandate in the present day. If you or your organization requires the knowledge or skills to identify, track, and prosecute the cybercriminals, then this is the course for you. This course helps students to excel in digital evidence acquisition, handling and analysis in a forensically sound manner. Acceptable in a court of law, these skills will lead to successful prosecutions in various types of security incidents such as data breaches, corporate espionage, insider threats and other intricate cases involving computer systems. AUDIENCE The CHFI program is designed for all IT professionals involved with information system security, computer forensics, and incident response. CERTIFICATION The CHFI 312-49 exam will be conducted on the last day of training. Students need to pass the online Prometric exam to receive the CHFI certification. METHODOLOGY This program will be conducted with interactive lectures, PowerPoint presentations, discussions and practical exercises COURSE OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this program, participants should be able to : • Identify, track, and prosecute the cybercriminals • Excel in digital evidence acquisition, handling and analysis in a forensically sound manner COURSE OUTLINE Module 1 – Computer Forensics In Today’s World • Forensics Science • Computer Forensics o Security Incident Report o Aspects of Organizational Security o Evolution of Computer Forensics o Objective of Computer Forensics o Need for Compute Forensics • Forensics Readiness o Benefits of Forensics Readiness o Goals of Forensics Readiness o Forensics Readiness Planning • Cyber Crime o Computer Facilitated Crimes o Modes of Attacks o Examples of Cyber Crime o Types of Computer Crimes o Cyber Criminals o Organized Cyber Crime: Organizational Chart o How Serious are Different Types of Incidents? o Disruptive Incidents to the Business o Cost Expenditure Responding to the Security Incident • Cyber Crime Investigation o Key Steps in Forensics Investigation o Rules of Forensics Investigation o Need for Forensics Investigator o Role of Forensics Investigator o Accessing Computer Forensics Resources o Role of Digital Evidence • Corporate Investigations o Understanding Corporate Investigations o Approach to Forensics Investigation: A Case Study o Instructions for the Forensic Investigator to Approach the Crime Scene o Why and When Do You Use Computer Forensics? o Enterprise Theory of Investigation (ETI) o Legal Issues o Reporting the Results • Reporting a Cyber Crime o Why you Should Report Cybercrime? o Reporting Computer-Related Crimes o Person Assigned to Report the Crime o When and How to Report an Incident? o Who to Contact at the Law Enforcement? o Federal Local Agents Contact o More Contacts o CIO Cyberthreat Report Form Module 2 – Computer Forensics Investigation Process • Investigating Computer Crime o Before the Investigation o Build a Forensics Workstation
Transcript
CENTER OF KNOWLEDGE, PATH TO SUCCESS
Website: www.info-trek.com
CHFI Computer Hacking Forensic Investigator | Page 1 of 19
290114
COMPUTER HACKING FORENSIC INVESTIGATOR
Course: CHFI; Duration: 5 Days; Instructor-led
WHAT YOU WILL LEARN EC-Council releases the most advanced Computer Forensic Investigation program in the world. CHFIv8 presents a detailed methodological approach to
computer forensics and evidence analysis. It is a comprehensive course covering major forensic investigation scenarios that enable students to acquire hands-on experience on various forensic investigation techniques and standard tools necessary to successfully carry-out a computer forensic investigation. Battles between corporations, governments, and countries are no longer fought using physical force. Cyber war has begun and the consequences can be seen in every day life. With the onset of sophisticated
cyber-attacks, the need for advanced cyber security and investigation training is a mandate in the present day. If you or your organization requires the knowledge or skills to identify, track, and prosecute the cybercriminals, then this is the course for you. This course helps students to excel in digital evidence acquisition, handling and analysis in a forensically sound manner. Acceptable in a court of law, these skills will lead to successful prosecutions in various types of security incidents such as data breaches, corporate espionage, insider threats and other intricate cases involving computer systems.
AUDIENCE The CHFI program is designed for all IT professionals involved with information system security, computer forensics, and incident response.
CERTIFICATION The CHFI 312-49 exam will be conducted on the last
day of training. Students need to pass the online Prometric exam to receive the CHFI certification.
METHODOLOGY This program will be conducted with interactive lectures, PowerPoint presentations, discussions and practical exercises
COURSE OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this program, participants should be able to : • Identify, track, and prosecute the cybercriminals • Excel in digital evidence acquisition, handling and
analysis in a forensically sound manner
COURSE OUTLINE
Module 1 – Computer Forensics In Today’s World • Forensics Science • Computer Forensics
o Security Incident Report o Aspects of Organizational Security o Evolution of Computer Forensics o Objective of Computer Forensics
o Need for Compute Forensics • Forensics Readiness
o Benefits of Forensics Readiness o Goals of Forensics Readiness o Forensics Readiness Planning
• Cyber Crime o Computer Facilitated Crimes o Modes of Attacks o Examples of Cyber Crime o Types of Computer Crimes o Cyber Criminals o Organized Cyber Crime: Organizational Chart
o How Serious are Different Types of Incidents? o Disruptive Incidents to the Business o Cost Expenditure Responding to the Security
Incident • Cyber Crime Investigation
o Key Steps in Forensics Investigation o Rules of Forensics Investigation o Need for Forensics Investigator o Role of Forensics Investigator o Accessing Computer Forensics Resources o Role of Digital Evidence
• Corporate Investigations o Understanding Corporate Investigations o Approach to Forensics Investigation: A Case
Study o Instructions for the Forensic Investigator to
Approach the Crime Scene o Why and When Do You Use Computer
Forensics? o Enterprise Theory of Investigation (ETI) o Legal Issues o Reporting the Results
• Reporting a Cyber Crime
o Why you Should Report Cybercrime? o Reporting Computer-Related Crimes o Person Assigned to Report the Crime o When and How to Report an Incident? o Who to Contact at the Law Enforcement? o Federal Local Agents Contact o More Contacts o CIO Cyberthreat Report Form
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o Building the Investigation Team o People Involved in Computer Forensics o Review Policies and Laws o Forensics Laws o Notify Decision Makers and Acquire
Authorization o Risk Assessment
o Build a Computer Investigation Toolkit • Steps to Prepare for a Computer Forensics
o Drafting the Warrant and Affidavit ▪ Accurately and Particularly Describe the
Property to be Seized in the Warrant and/or Attachments to the Warrant o Defending Computer Search Warrants
Against Challenges Based on the Description of the “Things to Be Seized”
▪ Establish Probable Cause in the Affidavit ▪ In the Affidavit Supporting the Warrant,
include an Explanation of the Search Strategy as Well as the Practical & Legal Considerations that Will Govern the
Execution of the Search o Post-Seizure Issues
▪ Searching Computers Already in Law Enforcement Custody
▪ The Permissible Time Period for Examining Seized Computers
▪ Rule 41(e) Motions for Return of Property • The Electronic Communications Privacy Act
o Providers of Electronic Communication Service vs. Remote Computing Service
o Classifying Types of Information Held by Service Providers
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o Compelled Disclosure Under ECPA o Voluntary Disclosure o Working with Network Providers
• Electronic Surveillance in Communications Networks o Content vs. Addressing Information o The Pen/Trap Statute, 18 U.S.C. §§ 3121-
3127 o The Wiretap Statute (“Title III”), 18 U.S.C. §§
2510-2522 ▪ Exceptions to Title III
o Remedies For Violations of Title III and the Pen/Trap Statute
• Evidence o Authentication o Hearsay o Other Issues
Module 4 – Digital Evidence • Digital Data
o Definition of Digital Evidence o Increasing Awareness of Digital Evidence o Challenging Aspects of Digital Evidence o The Role of Digital Evidence o Characteristics of Digital Evidence o Fragility of Digital Evidence o Anti-Digital Forensics (ADF)
• Types of Digital Data o Types of Digital Data
• Rules of Evidence o Rules of Evidence o Best Evidence Rule o Federal Rules of Evidence o International Organization on Computer
Evidence (IOCE) o IOCE International Principles for Digital
Evidence o Scientific Working Group on Digital Evidence
(SWGDE) o SWGDE Standards for the Exchange of Digital
Evidence
• Electronic Devices: Types and Collecting Potential Evidence o Electronic Devices: Types and Collecting
Potential Evidence • Digital Evidence Examination Process
o Evidence Assessment ▪ Evidence Assessment ▪ Prepare for Evidence Acquisition
o Evidence Acquisition ▪ Preparation for Searches ▪ Seizing the Evidence
▪ Imaging ▪ Bit-Stream Copies ▪ Write Protection ▪ Evidence Acquisition ▪ Evidence Acquisition from Crime Location ▪ Acquiring Evidence from Storage Devices ▪ Collecting Evidence ▪ Collecting Evidence from RAM ▪ Collecting Evidence from a Standalone
Network Computer ▪ Chain of Custody ▪ Chain of Evidence Form
o Evidence Preservation
▪ Preserving Digital Evidence: Checklist ▪ Preserving??Removable Media ▪ Handling Digital Evidence ▪ Store and Archive ▪ Digital Evidence Findings
o Evidence Examination and Analysis ▪ Evidence Examination
▪ Physical Extraction ▪ Logical Extraction ▪ Analyze Host Data ▪ Analyze Storage Media ▪ Analyze Network Data ▪ Analysis of Extracted Data ▪ Timeframe Analysis ▪ Data Hiding Analysis ▪ Application and File Analysis ▪ Ownership and Possession
o Evidence Documentation and Reporting
▪ Documenting the Evidence ▪ Evidence Examiner Report ▪ Final Report of Findings ▪ Computer Evidence Worksheet ▪ Hard Drive Evidence Worksheet ▪ Removable Media Worksheet
• Electronic Crime and Digital Evidence Consideration by Crime Category o Electronic Crime and Digital Evidence
Consideration by Crime Category
Module 5 – First Responder Procedures • Electronic Evidence • First Responder • Roles of First Responder • Electronic Devices: Types and Collecting Potential
Evidence • First Responder Toolkit
o First Responder Toolkit o Creating a First Responder Toolkit o Evidence Collecting Tools and Equipment
• First Response Basics o First Response Rule
o Incident Response: Different Situations o First Response for System Administrators o First Response by Non-Laboratory Staff o First Response by Laboratory Forensics Staff
• Securing and Evaluating Electronic Crime Scene o Securing and Evaluating Electronic Crime
Scene: A Checklist o Securing the Crime Scene o Warrant for Search and Seizure o Planning the Search and Seizure o Initial Search of the Scene
o Health and Safety Issues • Conducting Preliminary Interviews
o Questions to Ask When Client Calls the Forensic Investigator
o Consent o Sample of Consent Search Form o Witness Signatures o Conducting Preliminary Interviews o Conducting Initial Interviews o Witness Statement Checklist
• Documenting Electronic Crime Scene o Documenting Electronic Crime Scene
o Photographing the Scene
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o Sketching the Scene o Video Shooting the Crime Scene
• Collecting and Preserving Electronic Evidence o Collecting and Preserving Electronic Evidence o Order of Volatility o Dealing with Powered On Computers o Dealing with Powered Off Computers
o Dealing with Networked Computer o Dealing with Open Files and Startup Files o Operating System Shutdown Procedure o Computers and Servers o Preserving Electronic Evidence o Seizing Portable Computers o Switched On Portables o Collecting and Preserving Electronic Evidence
• Packaging and Transporting Electronic Evidence o Evidence Bag Contents List o Packaging Electronic Evidence
o Exhibit Numbering o Transporting Electronic Evidence o Handling and Transportation to the Forensics
Laboratory o Storing Electronic Evidence o Chain of Custody o Simple Format of the Chain of Custody
Document o Chain of Custody Forms o Chain of Custody on Property Evidence
Envelope/Bag and Sign-out Sheet • Reporting the Crime Scene
o Reporting the Crime Scene • Note Taking Checklist • First Responder Common Mistakes
o Computer Forensics Lab o Planning for a Forensics Lab o Budget Allocation for a Forensics Lab o Physical Location Needs of a Forensics Lab o Structural Design Considerations
o Environmental Conditions o Electrical Needs o Communication Needs o Work Area of a Computer Forensics Lab o Ambience of a Forensics Lab o Ambience of a Forensics Lab: Ergonomics o Physical Security Recommendations o Fire-Suppression Systems o Evidence Locker Recommendations o Computer Forensic Investigator o Law Enforcement Officer
o Lab Director o Forensics Lab Licensing Requisite o Features of the Laboratory Imaging System o Technical Specification of the Laboratory-
??ased Imaging System o Forensics Lab o Auditing a Computer Forensics Lab o Recommendations to Avoid Eyestrain
• Investigative Services in Computer Forensics o Computer Forensics Investigative Services o Computer Forensic Investigative Service
Sample
o Computer Forensics Services: PenrodEllis Forensic Data Discovery
o Data Destruction Industry Standards o Computer Forensics Services
• Computer Forensics Hardware o Equipment Required in a Forensics Lab o Forensic Workstations
o Basic Workstation Requirements in a Forensics Lab
o Stocking the Hardware Peripherals o Paraben Forensics Hardware
▪ Handheld First Responder Kit ▪ Wireless StrongHold Bag ▪ Wireless StrongHold Box ▪ Passport StrongHold Bag ▪ Device Seizure Toolbox ▪ Project-a-Phone ▪ Lockdown
▪ iRecovery Stick ▪ Data Recovery Stick ▪ Chat Stick ▪ USB Serial DB9 Adapter ▪ Mobile Field Kit
o Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Forensic Air-Lite VI MK III laptop
o Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Original Forensic Tower II and Forensic Solid Steel Tower
o Portable Forensic Workhorse V: Tableau 335 Forensic Drive Bay Controller
o Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Forensic Air-Lite IV MK II
o Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Forensic Air-Lite V MK III
o Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Forensic Tower IV Dual Xeon
o Portable Forensic Systems and Towers: Ultimate Forensic Machine
o Forensic Write Protection Devices and Kits: Ultimate Forensic Write Protection Kit II-ES
o Tableau T3u Forensic SATA Bridge Write Protection Kit
o Tableau T8 Forensic USB Bridge Kit/Addonics Mini DigiDrive READ ONLY 12-in-1 Flash Media Reader
o Tableau TACC 1441 Hardware Accelerator ▪ Multiple TACC1441 Units
o Tableau TD1 Forensic Duplicator o Power Supplies and Switches o Digital Intelligence Forensic Hardware
▪ FRED SR (Dual Xeon) ▪ FRED-L ▪ FRED SC
▪ Forensic Recovery of Evidence Data Center (FREDC)
▪ Rack-A-TACC ▪ FREDDIE ▪ UltraKit ▪ UltraBay II ▪ UltraBlock SCSI ▪ Micro Forensic Recovery of Evidence
Device (µFRED) ▪ HardCopy 3P
o Wiebetech ▪ Forensics DriveDock v4
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Module 7 – Understanding Hard Disks And File Systems • Hard Disk Drive Overview
o Disk Drive Overview o Hard Disk Drive
o Solid-State Drive (SSD) o Physical Structure of a Hard Disk o Logical Structure of Hard Disk o Types of Hard Disk Interfaces o Hard Disk Interfaces
▪ ATA ▪ SCSI ▪ IDE/EIDE ▪ USB ▪ Fibre Channel
o Disk Platter
o Tracks ▪ Track Numbering
o Sector ▪ Advanced Format: Sectors ▪ Sector Addressing
o Cluster ▪ Cluster Size ▪ Changing the Cluster Size ▪ Slack Space ▪ Lost Clusters
o Bad Sector o Hard Disk Data Addressing
o Disk Capacity Calculation o Measuring the Performance of the Hard Disk
• Disk Partitions and Boot Process o Disk Partitions o Master Boot Record
▪ Structure of a Master Boot Record o What is the Booting Process? o Essential Windows System Files o Windows Boot Process o Macintosh Boot Process o http://www.bootdisk.com
• Understanding File Systems
o Understanding File Systems o Types of File Systems o List of Disk File Systems o List of Network File Systems o List of Special Purpose File Systems o List of Shared Disk File Systems o Popular Windows File Systems
▪ File Allocation Table (FAT) o FAT File System Layout o FAT Partition Boot Sector o FAT Structure
o FAT Folder Structure o Directory Entries and Cluster Chains
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o Filenames on FAT Volumes o Examining FAT o FAT32
▪ New Technology File System (NTFS) o NTFS Architecture o NTFS System Files o NTFS Partition Boot Sector
o Cluster Sizes of NTFS Volume o NTFS Master File Table (MFT)
▪ Metadata Files Stored in the MFT o NTFS Files and Data Storage o NTFS Attributes o NTFS Data Stream o NTFS Compressed Files
▪ Setting the Compression State of a Volume
o Encrypting File Systems (EFS) ▪ Components of EFS
▪ Operation of Encrypting File System
▪ EFS Attribute ▪ Encrypting a File ▪ EFS Recovery Key Agent ▪ Tool: Advanced EFS Data
Recovery ▪ Tool: EFS Key
o Sparse Files o Deleting NTFS Files
▪ Registry Data ▪ Examining Registry Data
▪ FAT vs. NTFS o Popular Linux File Systems
▪ Linux File System Architecture ▪ Ext2 ▪ Ext3
o Mac OS X File System ▪ HFS vs. HFS Plus ▪ HFS ▪ HFS Plus
o HFS Plus Volumes o HFS Plus Journal
o Sun Solaris 10 File System: ZFS
o CD-ROM / DVD File System o CDFS
• RAID Storage System o RAID Levels o Different RAID Levels o Comparing RAID Levels o Recover Data from Unallocated Space Using
File Carving Process • File System Analysis Using The Sleuth Kit (TSK)
o The Sleuth Kit (TSK) ▪ The Sleuth Kit (TSK): fsstat
▪ The Sleuth Kit (TSK): istat ▪ The Sleuth Kit (TSK): fls and img_stat
Module 8 – Windows Forensics • Collecting Volatile Information
o Volatile Information ▪ System Time
o Logged-on Users o Psloggedon o Net Sessions Command o Logonsessions Tool
▪ Open Files
o Net File Command o PsFile Utility o OpenFiles Command
▪ Network Information ▪ Network Connections ▪ Process Information ▪ Process-to-Port Mapping
▪ Process Memory ▪ Network Status ▪ Other Important Information
• Collecting Non-volatile Information o Non-volatile Information
▪ Examine File Systems ▪ Registry Settings ▪ Microsoft Security ID ▪ Event Logs ▪ Index.dat File ▪ Devices and Other Information
▪ Slack Space ▪ Virtual Memory ▪ Swap File ▪ Windows Search Index ▪ Collecting Hidden Partition Information ▪ Hidden ADS Streams
o Investigating ADS Streams: StreamArmor
▪ Other Non-Volatile Information • Windows Memory Analysis
o Memory Dump o EProcess Structure
o Process Creation Mechanism o Parsing Memory Contents o Parsing Process Memory o Extracting the Process Image o Collecting Process Memory
• Windows Registry Analysis o Inside the Registry o Registry Structure within a Hive File o The Registry as a Log File o Registry Analysis o System Information o TimeZone Information
o Shares o Audit Policy o Wireless SSIDs o Autostart Locations o System Boot o User Login o User Activity o Enumerating Autostart Registry Locations o USB Removable Storage Devices o Mounted Devices o Finding Users
o Tracking User Activity o The UserAssist Keys o MRU Lists o Search Assistant o Connecting to Other Systems o Analyzing Restore Point Registry Settings o Determining the Startup Locations
• Cache, Cookie, and History Analysis o Cache, Cookie, and History Analysis in IE o Cache, Cookie, and History Analysis in Firefox o Cache, Cookie, and History Analysis in Chrome o Analysis Tools
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▪ IE Cookies View ▪ IE Cache View ▪ IE History Viewer ▪ MozillaCookiesView ▪ MozillaCacheView ▪ MozillaHistoryView ▪ ChromeCookiesView
▪ ChromeCacheView ▪ ChromeHistoryView
• MD5 Calculation o Message Digest Function: MD5 o Why MD5 Calculation? o MD5 Hash Calculators: HashCalc, MD5
Calculator and HashMyFiles o MD5 Checksum Verifier o ChaosMD5
• Windows File Analysis o Recycle Bin
o System Restore Points (Rp.log Files) o System Restore Points (Change.log.x Files) o Prefetch Files o Shortcut Files o Word Documents o PDF Documents o Image Files o File Signature Analysis o NTFS Alternate Data Streams o Executable File Analysis o Documentation Before Analysis o Static Analysis Process
o Search Strings o PE Header Analysis o Import Table Analysis o Export Table Analysis o Dynamic Analysis Process o Creating Test Environment o Collecting Information Using Tools o Process of Testing the Malware
• Metadata Investigation o Metadata o Types of Metadata o Metadata in Different File Systems
o Metadata in PDF Files o Metadata in Word Documents o Tool: Metadata Analyzer
• Text Based Logs o Understanding Events o Event Logon Types o Event Record Structure o Vista Event Logs o IIS Logs
▪ Parsing IIS Logs o Parsing FTP Logs
▪ FTP sc-status Codes o Parsing DHCP Server Logs o Parsing Windows Firewall Logs o Using the Microsoft Log Parser
• Other Audit Events o Evaluating Account Management Events o Examining Audit Policy Change Events o Examining System Log Entries o Examining Application Log Entries
• Forensic Analysis of Event Logs o Searching with Event Viewer
o Using EnCase to Examine Windows Event Log Files
o Windows Event Log Files Internals • Windows Password Issues
o Understanding Windows Password Storage o Cracking Windows Passwords Stored on
Running Systems
o Exploring Windows Authentication Mechanisms ▪ LanMan Authentication Process ▪ NTLM Authentication Process ▪ Kerberos Authentication Process
o Sniffing and Cracking Windows Authentication Exchanges
o Cracking Offline Passwords • Forensic Tools
o Windows Forensics Tool: OS Forensics o Windows Forensics Tool: Helix3 Pro o Integrated Windows Forensics Software: X-
Ways Forensics o X-Ways Trace o Windows Forensic Toolchest (WFT) o Built-in Tool: Sigverif o Computer Online Forensic Evidence Extractor
(COFEE) o System Explorer o Tool: System Scanner o Secret Explorer o Registry Viewer Tool: Registry Viewer o Registry Viewer Tool: Reg Scanner o Registry Viewer Tool: Alien Registry Viewer
o MultiMon o CurrProcess o Process Explorer o Security Task Manager o PrcView o ProcHeapViewer o Memory Viewer o Tool: PMDump o Word Extractor o Belkasoft Evidence Center o Belkasoft Browser Analyzer o Metadata Assistant
o HstEx o XpoLog Center Suite o LogViewer Pro o Event Log Explorer o LogMeister o ProDiscover Forensics o PyFlag o LiveWire Investigator o ThumbsDisplay o DriveLook
Module 9 – Data Acquisition And Duplication • Data Acquisition and Duplication Concepts
o Data Acquisition o Forensic and Procedural Principles o Types of Data Acquisition Systems o Data Acquisition Formats o Bit Stream vs. Backups o Why to Create a Duplicate Image? o Issues with Data Duplication o Data Acquisition Methods o Determining the Best Acquisition Method
o Contingency Planning for Image Acquisitions
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o Data Acquisition Mistakes • Data Acquisition Types
o Rules of Thumb o Static Data Acquisition
▪ Collecting Static Data ▪ Static Data Collection Process
o Live Data Acquisition
▪ Why Volatile Data is Important? ▪ Volatile Data ▪ Order of Volatility ▪ Common Mistakes in Volatile Data
Collection ▪ Volatile Data Collection Methodology ▪ Basic Steps in Collecting Volatile Data ▪ Types of Volatile Information
• Disk Acquisition Tool Requirements o Disk Imaging Tool Requirements o Disk Imaging Tool Requirements: Mandatory
o Disk Imaging Tool Requirements: Optional • Validation Methods
o Validating Data Acquisitions o Linux Validation Methods o Windows Validation Methods
• RAID Data Acquisition o Understanding RAID Disks o Acquiring RAID Disks o Remote Data Acquisition
• Acquisition Best Practices o Acquisition Best Practices
• Data Acquisition Software Tools
o Acquiring Data on Windows o Acquiring Data on Linux o dd Command o dcfldd Command o Extracting the MBR o Netcat Command o EnCase Forensic o Analysis Software: DriveSpy o ProDiscover Forensics o AccessData FTK Imager o Mount Image Pro o Data Acquisition Toolbox
o SafeBack o ILookPI o RAID Recovery for Windows o R-Tools R-Studio o F-Response o PyFlag o LiveWire Investigator o ThumbsDisplay o DataLifter o X-Ways Forensics o R-drive Image
o DriveLook o DiskExplorer o P2 eXplorer Pro o Flash Retriever Forensic Edition
Data Acquisition Hardware Tools o US-LATT o Image MASSter: Solo-4 (Super Kit) o Image MASSter: RoadMASSter- 3 o Tableau TD1 Forensic Duplicator o Logicube: Forensic MD5 o Logicube: Portable Forensic Lab™ o Logicube: Forensic Talon®
o Logicube: RAID I/O Adapter™ o DeepSpar: Disk Imager Forensic Edition o Logicube: USB Adapter o Disk Jockey PRO o Logicube: Forensic Quest-2® o Logicube: CloneCard Pro o Logicube: EchoPlus
o Paraben Forensics Hardware: Chat Stick o Image MASSter: Rapid Image 7020CS IT o Digital Intelligence Forensic Hardware: UltraKit o Digital Intelligence Forensic Hardware:
UltraBay II o Digital Intelligence Forensic Hardware:
UltraBlock SCSI o Digital Intelligence Forensic Hardware:
HardCopy 3P o Wiebetech: Forensics DriveDock v4 o Wiebetech: Forensics UltraDock v4
o Image MASSter: WipeMASSter o Image MASSter: WipePRO o Portable Forensic Systems and Towers:
Forensic Air-Lite V MK III o Forensic Tower IV Dual Xeon o Digital Intelligence Forensic Hardware:
FREDDIE o DeepSpar: 3D Data Recovery
▪ Phase 1 Tool: PC-3000 Drive Restoration System
▪ Phase 2 Tool: DeepSpar Disk Imager ▪ Phase 3 Tool: PC-3000 Data Extractor
o Paraben Forensics Hardware ▪ Project-a-Phone ▪ Mobile Field Kit ▪ iRecovery Stick
o CelleBrite ▪ UFED System
▪ UFED Physical Pro
Module 10 – Recovering Deleted Files And Deleted Partitions • Recovering the Deleted Files
o Deleting Files o What Happens When a File is Deleted in
Windows? o Recycle Bin in Windows
▪ Storage Locations of Recycle Bin in FAT
and NTFS System ▪ How the Recycle Bin Works ▪ Damaged or Deleted INFO File ▪ Damaged Files in Recycled Folder ▪ Damaged Recycle Folder
o File Recovery in MAC OS X o File Recovery in Linux
• File Recovery Tools for Windows o Recover My Files o EASEUS Data Recovery Wizard o PC INSPECTOR File Recovery
o Recuva o DiskDigger
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o Handy Recovery o Quick Recovery o Stellar Phoenix Windows Data Recovery o Tools to Recover Deleted Files
▪ Total Recall ▪ Advanced Disk Recovery ▪ Windows Data Recovery Software
▪ R-Studio ▪ PC Tools File Recover ▪ Data Rescue PC ▪ Smart Undelete ▪ FileRestore Professional ▪ Deleted File Recovery Software ▪ DDR Professional Recovery Software ▪ Data Recovery Pro ▪ GetDataBack ▪ UndeletePlus ▪ Search and Recover
o MAC Data Recovery o Boomerang Data Recovery Software o VirtualLab o File Recovery Tools for MAC OS X
▪ DiskWarrior ▪ AppleXsoft File Recovery for MAC ▪ Disk Doctors MAC Data Recovery ▪ R-Studio for MAC ▪ Data Rescue ▪ Stellar Phoenix MAC Data Recovery ▪ FileSalvage ▪ TechTool Pro
• File Recovery Tools for Linux o R-Studio for Linux o Quick Recovery for Linux o Kernal for Linux Data Recovery o TestDisk for Linux
• Recovering the Deleted Partitions o Disk Partition o Deletion of Partition o Recovery of the Deleted Partition
• Partition Recovery Tools o Active@ Partition Recovery for Windows
o Acronis Recovery Expert o DiskInternals Partition Recovery o NTFS Partition Data Recovery o GetDataBack o EASEUS Partition Recovery o Advanced Disk Recovery o Power Data Recovery o Remo Recover (MAC) - Pro o MAC Data Recovery Software o Quick Recovery for Linux o Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery Software o Tools to Recover Deleted Partitions
▪ Handy Recovery ▪ TestDisk for Windows ▪ Stellar Phoenix Windows Data Recovery ▪ ARAX Disk Doctor ▪ Power Data Recovery ▪ Quick Recovery for MAC ▪ Partition Find & Mount
▪ Advance Data Recovery Software Tools ▪ TestDisk for MAC ▪ Kernel for FAT and NTFS – Windows Disk
Recovery ▪ Disk Drill ▪ Stellar Phoenix MAC Data Recovery ▪ ZAR Windows Data Recovery ▪ AppleXsoft File Recovery for MAC ▪ Quick Recovery for FAT & NTFS ▪ TestDisk for Linux
Module 11 – Forensics Investigation Using AccessData FTK • Overview and Installation of FTK
o Overview of Forensic Toolkit (FTK) o Features of FTK o Software Requirement o Configuration Option o Database Installation o FTK Application Installation
• FTK Case Manager User Interface
o Case Manager Window ▪ Case Manager Database Menu
o Setting Up Additional Users and Assigning Roles
▪ Case Manager Case Menu o Assigning Users Shared Label Visibility
▪ Case Manager Tools Menu o Recovering Processing Jobs o Restoring an Image to a Disk
▪ Case Manager Manage Menu o Managing Carvers o Managing Custom Identifiers
• FTK Examiner User Interface o FTK Examiner User Interface
▪ Menu Bar: File Menu o Exporting Files o Exporting Case Data to a Custom
Content Image o Exporting the Word List
▪ Menu Bar: Edit Menu ▪ Menu Bar: View Menu ▪ Menu Bar: Evidence Menu ▪ Menu Bar: Tools Menu
o Verifying Drive Image Integrity
o Mounting an Image to a Drive ▪ File List View
o Using Labels o Creating and Applying a Label
• Starting with FTK o Creating a case o Selecting Detailed Options: Evidence
Processing o Selecting Detailed Options: Fuzzy Hashing o Selecting Detailed Options: Data Carving o Selecting Detailed Options: Custom File
Identification
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o Selecting Detailed Options: Evidence Refinement (Advanced)
o Selecting Detailed Options: Index Refinement (Advanced)
• Adding and Processing Static, Live, and Remote Evidence o Adding Evidence to a Case o Evidence Groups o Acquiring Local Live Evidence
o FTK Role Requirements For Remote Acquisition o Types of Remote Information o Acquiring Data Remotely Using Remote Device
Management System (RDMS) o Imaging Drives o Mounting and Unmounting a Device
• Using and Managing Filters o Accessing Filter Tools o Using Filters o Customizing Filters o Using Predefined Filters
• Using Index Search and Live Search
o Conducting an Index Search ▪ Selecting Index Search Options ▪ Viewing Index Search Results ▪ Documenting Search Results
o Conducting a Live Search: Live Text Search o Conducting a Live Search: Live Hex Search o Conducting a Live Search: Live Pattern Search
• Decrypting EFS and other Encrypted Files o Decrypting EFS Files and Folders o Decrypting MS Office Files o Viewing Decrypted Files o Decrypting Domain Account EFS Files from
Live Evidence o Decrypting Credant Files o Decrypting Safeboot Files
• Working with Reports o Creating a Report o Entering Case Information o Managing Bookmarks in a Report o Managing Graphics in a Report o Selecting a File Path List o Adding a File Properties List o Making Registry Selections
o Selecting the Report Output Options o Customizing the Formatting of Reports o Viewing and Distributing a Report
Module 12 – Forensics Investigation Using Encase • Overview of EnCase Forensic
o Overview of EnCase Forensic o EnCase Forensic Features o EnCase Forensic Platform
o EnCase Forensic Modules • Installing EnCase Forensic
o Minimum Requirements o Installing the Examiner o Installed Files o Installing the EnCase Modules o Configuring EnCase
▪ Configuring EnCase: Case Options Tab ▪ Configuring EnCase: Global Tab
Storage Paths Tab o Sharing Configuration (INI) Files
• EnCase Interface o Main EnCase Window
▪ System Menu Bar ▪ Toolbar ▪ Panes Overview
o Tree Pane o Table Pane o Table Pane: Table Tab o Table Pane: Report Tab o Table Pane: Gallery Tab o Table Pane: Timeline Tab o Table Pane: Disk Tab and Code Tab
▪ View Pane ▪ Filter Pane
o Filter Pane Tabs o Creating a Filter o Creating Conditions
▪ Status Bar • Case Management
o Overview of Case Structure o Case Management o Indexing a Case o Case Backup o Options Dialog Box o Logon Wizard o New Case Wizard o Setting Time Zones for Case Files o Setting Time Zone Options for Evidence Files
• Working with Evidence
o Types of Entries o Adding a Device
▪ Adding a Device using Tableau Write Blocker
o Performing a Typical Acquisition o Acquiring a Device o Canceling an Acquisition o Acquiring a Handsprings PDA o Delayed Loading of Internet Artifacts o Hashing the Subject Drive o Logical Evidence File (LEF)
o Creating a Logical Evidence File o Recovering Folders on FAT Volumes o Restoring a Physical Drive
• Source Processor o Source Processor o Starting to Work with Source Processor o Setting Case Options o Collection Jobs
▪ Creating a Collection Job ▪ Copying a Collection Job ▪ Running a Collection Job
o Analysis Jobs
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▪ Creating an Analysis Job ▪ Running an Analysis Job
o Creating a Report • Analyzing and Searching Files
o Viewing the File Signature Directory o Performing a Signature Analysis o Hash Analysis
o Hashing a New Case o Creating a Hash Set o Keyword Searches o Creating Global Keywords o Adding Keywords o Importing and Exporting Keywords o Searching Entries for Email and Internet
Artifacts o Viewing Search Hits o Generating an Index o Tag Records
• Viewing File Content o Viewing Files o Copying and Unerasing Files o Adding a File Viewer o Viewing File Content Using View Pane o Viewing Compound Files o Viewing Base64 and UUE Encoded Files
• Bookmarking Items o Bookmarks Overview o Creating a Highlighted Data Bookmark o Creating a Note Bookmark o Creating a Folder Information/ Structure
Bookmark o Creating a Notable File Bookmark o Creating a File Group Bookmark o Creating a Log Record Bookmark o Creating a Snapshot Bookmark o Organizing Bookmarks o Copying/Moving a Table Entry into a Folder o Viewing a Bookmark on the Table Report Tab o Excluding Bookmarks o Copying Selected Items from One Folder to
Another • Reporting
o Reporting o Report User Interface o Creating a Report Using the Report Tab o Report Single/Multiple Files o Viewing a Bookmark Report o Viewing an Email Report o Viewing a Webmail Report o Viewing a Search Hits Report o Creating a Quick Entry Report o Creating an Additional Fields Report o Exporting a Report
Module 13 – Steganography And Image File Forensics • Steganography
o What is Steganography? o How Steganography Works o Legal Use of Steganography o Unethical Use of Steganography
• Steganography Techniques o Steganography Techniques
o Application of Steganography o Classification of Steganography
o Technical Steganography o Linguistic Steganography o Types of Steganography
▪ Image Steganography o Least Significant Bit Insertion o Masking and Filtering o Algorithms and Transformation
o Image Steganography: Hermetic Stego
o Steganography Tool: S- Tools o Image Steganography Tools
▪ Gargoyle Investigator™ Forensic Pro ▪ StegAlyzerSS ▪ StegMark
• Image Files o Image Files o Common Terminologies o Understanding Vector Images o Understanding Raster Images o Metafile Graphics o Understanding Image File Formats o GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) o JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
▪ JPEG File Structure ▪ JPEG 2000
o BMP (Bitmap) File ▪ BMP File Structure
o PNG (Portable Network Graphics) ▪ PNG File Structure
o TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) ▪ TIFF File Structure
• Data Compression o Understanding Data Compression o How Does File Compression Work? o Lossless Compression
o Huffman Coding Algorithm o Lempel-Ziv Coding Algorithm o Lossy Compression o Vector Quantization
• Locating and Recovering Image Files o Best Practices for Forensic Image Analysis o Forensic Image Processing Using MATLAB o Locating and Recovering Image Files o Analyzing Image File Headers o Repairing Damaged Headers o Reconstructing File Fragments
o Identifying Unknown File Formats o Identifying Image File Fragments o Identifying Copyright Issues on Graphics o Picture Viewer: IrfanView o Picture Viewer: ACDSee Photo Manager 12 o Picture Viewer: Thumbsplus o Picture Viewer: AD Picture Viewer Lite o Picture Viewer Max o Picture Viewer: FastStone Image Viewer o Picture Viewer: XnView o Faces – Sketch Software
o Digital Camera Data Discovery Software: File Hound
• Image File Forensics Tools o Hex Workshop o GFE Stealth™ - Forensics Graphics File
Extractor o Ilook
o Adroit Photo Forensics 2011 o Digital Photo Recovery o Stellar Phoenix Photo Recovery Software o Zero Assumption Recovery (ZAR) o Photo Recovery Software o Forensic Image Viewer o File Finder o DiskGetor Data Recovery o DERescue Data Recovery Master o Recover My Files o Universal Viewer
o Password - Terminology o Password Types o Password Cracker o How Does a Password Cracker Work? o How Hash Passwords are Stored in Windows
SAM • Types of Password Attacks
o Password Cracking Techniques
o Types of Password Attacks o Passive Online Attacks: Wire Sniffing o Password Sniffing o Passive Online Attack: Man-in-the-Middle and
Replay Attack o Active Online Attack: Password Guessing o Active Online Attack:
Trojan/Spyware/keylogger o Active Online Attack: Hash Injection Attack o Rainbow Attacks: Pre-Computed Hash o Distributed Network Attack
▪ Elcomsoft Distributed Password Recovery
o Non-Electronic Attacks o Manual Password Cracking (Guessing) o Automatic Password Cracking Algorithm o Time Needed to Crack Passwords
• Classification of Cracking Software • Systems Software vs. Applications Software • System Software Password Cracking
o Bypassing BIOS Passwords ▪ Using Manufacturer’s Backdoor Password
to Access the BIOS ▪ Using Password Cracking Software
o CmosPwd ▪ Resetting the CMOS using the Jumpers or
Solder Beads ▪ Removing CMOS Battery ▪ Overloading the Keyboard Buffer and
Using a Professional Service o Tool to Reset Admin Password: Active@
Password Changer o Tool to Reset Admin Password: Windows Key
• Application Software Password Cracking o Passware Kit Forensic o Accent Keyword Extractor
o Distributed Network Attack
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o Password Recovery Bundle o Advanced Office Password Recovery o Office Password Recovery o Office Password Recovery Toolbox o Office Multi-document Password Cracker o Word Password Recovery Master o Accent WORD Password Recovery
o Word Password o PowerPoint Password Recovery o PowerPoint Password o Powerpoint Key o Stellar Phoenix Powerpoint Password Recovery o Excel Password Recovery Master o Accent EXCEL Password Recovery o Excel Password o Advanced PDF Password Recovery o PDF Password Cracker o PDF Password Cracker Pro
o Atomic PDF Password Recovery o PDF Password o Recover PDF Password o Appnimi PDF Password Recovery o Advanced Archive Password Recovery o KRyLack Archive Password Recovery o Zip Password o Atomic ZIP Password Recovery o RAR Password Unlocker o Default Passwords o http://www.defaultpassword.com o http://www.cirt.net/passwords
o http://default-password.info o http://www.defaultpassword.us o http://www.passwordsdatabase.com o http://www.virus.org
• Password Cracking Tools o L0phtCrack o OphCrack o Cain & Abel o RainbowCrack o Windows Password Unlocker o Windows Password Breaker o SAMInside
o PWdump7 and Fgdump o PCLoginNow o KerbCrack o Recover Keys o Windows Password Cracker o Proactive System Password Recovery o Password Unlocker Bundle o Windows Password Reset Professional o Windows Password Reset Standard o Krbpwguess o Password Kit
o WinPassword o Passware Kit Enterprise o Rockxp o PasswordsPro o LSASecretsView o LCP o MessenPass o Mail PassView o Messenger Key o Dialupass o Protected Storage PassView o Network Password Recovery
o Computer Security Logs o Operating System Logs o Application Logs o Security Software Logs o Router Log Files o Honeypot Logs o Linux Process Accounting o Logon Event in Window o Windows Log File
▪ Configuring Windows Logging ▪ Analyzing Windows Logs
▪ Windows Log File: System Logs ▪ Windows Log File: Application Logs ▪ Logon Events that appear in the Security
o Log File Accuracy o Log Everything o Keeping Time o UTC Time
o View the DHCP Logs ▪ Sample DHCP Audit Log File
o ODBC Logging • Logs and Legal Issues
o Legality of Using Logs o Records of Regularly Conducted Activity as
Evidence o Laws and Regulations
• Log Management o Log Management
▪ Functions of Log Management ▪ Challenges in Log Management
▪ Meeting the Challenges in Log Management
• Centralized Logging and Syslogs o Centralized Logging
▪ Centralized Logging Architecture ▪ Steps to Implement Central Logging
o Syslog ▪ Syslog in Unix-Like Systems ▪ Steps to Set Up a Syslog Server for Unix
Systems ▪ Advantages of Centralized Syslog Server
o IIS Centralized Binary Logging
• Time Synchronization o Why Synchronize Computer Times? o What is NTP?
▪ NTP Stratum Levels o NIST Time Servers o Configuring Time Server in Windows Server
• Event Correlation o Event Correlation
▪ Types of Event Correlation ▪ Prerequisites for Event Correlation ▪ Event Correlation Approaches
• Log Capturing and Analysis Tools o GFI EventsManager
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o Activeworx Security Center o EventLog Analyzer o Syslog-ng OSE o Kiwi Syslog Server o WinSyslog o Firewall Analyzer: Log Analysis Tool o Activeworx Log Center
o EventReporter o Kiwi Log Viewer o Event Log Explorer o WebLog Expert o XpoLog Center Suite o ELM Event Log Monitor o EventSentry o LogMeister o LogViewer Pro o WinAgents EventLog Translation Service o EventTracker Enterprise
o Corner Bowl Log Manager o Ascella Log Monitor Plus o FLAG - Forensic and Log Analysis GUI o Simple Event Correlator (SEC) o OSSEC
o Network Forensics o Network Forensics Analysis Mechanism o Network Addressing Schemes o Overview of Network Protocols o Overview of Physical and Data-Link Layer of
the OSI Model o Overview of Network and Transport Layer of
the OSI Model o OSI Reference Model o TCP/ IP Protocol o Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and ??heir
Placement ▪ How IDS Works ▪ Types of Intrusion Detection Systems ▪ General Indications of Intrusions
o Firewall o Honeypot
• Network Attacks o Network Vulnerabilities o Types of Network Attacks
▪ IP Address Spoofing ▪ Man-in-the-Middle Attack ▪ Packet Sniffing
o How a Sniffer Works ▪ Enumeration ▪ Denial of Service Attack ▪ Session Sniffing ▪ Buffer Overflow ▪ Trojan Horse
• Log Injection Attacks o New Line Injection Attack
▪ New Line Injection Attack Countermeasure o Separator Injection Attack
▪ Defending Separator Injection Attacks o Timestamp Injection Attack
▪ Defending Timestamp Injection Attacks o Word Wrap Abuse Attack
▪ Defending Word Wrap Abuse Attacks o HTML Injection Attack
▪ Defending HTML Injection Attacks o Terminal Injection Attack
▪ Defending Terminal Injection Attacks • Investigating and Analyzing Logs
o Postmortem and Real-Time Analysis
o Where to Look for Evidence o Log Capturing Tool: ManageEngine EventLog
Analyzer o Log Capturing Tool: ManageEngine Firewall
Analyzer o Log Capturing Tool: GFI EventsManager o Log Capturing Tool: Kiwi Syslog Server o Handling Logs as Evidence o Log File Authenticity o Use Signatures, Encryption, and Checksums o Work with Copies
o Ensure System’s Integrity o Access Control o Chain of Custody o Condensing Log File
• Investigating Network Traffic o Why Investigate Network Traffic? o Evidence Gathering via Sniffing o Capturing Live Data Packets Using Wireshark
▪ Display Filters in Wireshark ▪ Additional Wireshark Filters
o Acquiring Traffic Using DNS Poisoning Techniques
▪ Intranet DNS Spoofing (Local Network) ▪ Intranet DNS Spoofing (Remote Network) ▪ Proxy Server DNS Poisoning ▪ DNS Cache Poisoning
o Evidence Gathering from ARP Table o Evidence Gathering at the Data-Link Layer:
DHCP Database o Gathering Evidence by IDS
• Traffic Capturing and Analysis Tools o NetworkMiner o Tcpdump/Windump o Intrusion Detection Tool: Snort
▪ How Snort Works o IDS Policy Manager o MaaTec Network Analyzer o Iris Network Traffic Analyzer o NetWitness Investigator o Colasoft Capsa Network Analyzer o Sniff - O - Matic o NetResident o Network Probe o NetFlow Analyzer o OmniPeek Network Analyzer
o Firewall Evasion Tool: Traffic IQ Professional o NetworkView o CommView o Observer o SoftPerfect Network Protocol Analyzer o EffeTech HTTP Sniffer o Big-Mother o EtherDetect Packet Sniffer o Ntop o EtherApe o AnalogX Packetmon o IEInspector HTTP Analyzer
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o SmartSniff o Distinct Network Monitor o Give Me Too o EtherSnoop o Show Traffic o Argus
o Wireless Networks o Wireless Terminologies o Wireless Components o Types of Wireless Networks o Wireless Standards o MAC Filtering o Service Set Identifier (SSID) o Types of Wireless Encryption: WEP
o Types of Wireless Encryption: WPA o Types of Wireless Encryption: WPA2 o WEP vs. WPA vs. WPA2
• Wireless Attacks o Wi-Fi Chalking
▪ Wi-Fi Chalking Symbols o Access Control Attacks o Integrity Attacks o Confidentiality Attacks o Availability Attacks o Authentication Attacks
• Investigating Wireless Attacks o Key Points to Remember o Steps for Investigation
▪ Obtain a Search Warrant ▪ Identify Wireless Devices at Crime Scene
o Search for Additional Devices o Detect Rogue Access Point
▪ Document the Scene and Maintain a Chain of Custody
▪ Detect the Wireless Connections o Methodologies to Detect Wireless
o NetworkMiner o Tcpdump/Windump o Intrusion Detection Tool: Snort
▪ How Snort Works o IDS Policy Manager o MaaTec Network Analyzer o Iris Network Traffic Analyzer o NetWitness Investigator o Colasoft Capsa Network Analyzer o Sniff - O - Matic o NetResident o Network Probe
o NetFlow Analyzer o OmniPeek Network Analyzer o Firewall Evasion Tool: Traffic IQ Professional o NetworkView o CommView o Observer o SoftPerfect Network Protocol Analyzer o EffeTech HTTP Sniffer o Big-Mother o
EtherDetect Packet Sniffer ▪ Cascade Pilot Personal Edition ▪ OptiView® XG Network Analysis Tablet ▪ Network Packet Analyzer
o Wi-Fi Raw Packet Capturing Tools ▪ WirelessNetView ▪ Pirni Sniffer ▪ Tcpdump ▪ Airview
o Wi-Fi Spectrum Analyzing Tools ▪ Cisco Spectrum Expert
▪ AirMedic ▪ BumbleBee ▪ Wi-Spy
Module 18 – Investigating Web Attacks • Introduction to Web Applications and Webservers
o Introduction to Web Applications o Web Application Components o How Web Applications Work o Web Application Architecture o Open Source Webserver Architecture
o Indications of a Web Attack
o Web Attack Vectors o Why Web Servers are Compromised o Impact of Webserver Attacks o Website Defacement o Case Study
• Web Logs o Overview of Web Logs
o Application Logs o Internet Information Services (IIS) Logs
▪ IIS Webserver Architecture ▪ IIS Log File Format
o How Cookie Poisoning Works ▪ Session Fixation Attack ▪ Insufficient Transport Layer Protection ▪ Improper Error Handling ▪ Insecure Cryptographic Storage
▪ Broken Authentication and Session Management
▪ Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards ▪ DMZ Protocol Attack/ Zero Day Attack ▪ Log Tampering ▪ URL Interpretation and Impersonation
Attack ▪ Web Services Attack ▪ Web Services Footprinting Attack ▪ Web Services XML Poisoning ▪ Webserver Misconfiguration
▪ HTTP Response Splitting Attack ▪ Web Cache Poisoning Attack ▪ HTTP Response Hijacking ▪ SSH Bruteforce Attack ▪ Man-in-the-Middle Attack ▪ Defacement Using DNS Compromise
• Web Attack Investigation o Investigating Web Attacks o Investigating Web Attacks in Windows-Based
Servers o Investigating IIS Logs o Investigating Apache Logs
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o Example of FTP Compromise o Investigating FTP Servers o Investigating Static and Dynamic IP Addresses o Sample DHCP Audit Log File o Investigating Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) o Investigating SQL Injection Attacks o Pen-Testing CSRF Validation Fields
o Investigating Code Injection Attack o Investigating Cookie Poisoning Attack o Detecting Buffer Overflow o Investigating Authentication Hijacking o Web Page Defacement o Investigating DNS Poisoning o Intrusion Detection o Security Strategies to Web Applications o Checklist for Web Security
• Web Attack Detection Tools o Web Application Security Tools
▪ Acunetix Web Vulnerability Scanner ▪ Falcove Web Vulnerability Scanner ▪ Netsparker ▪ N-Stalker Web Application Security
o Web Log Viewers ▪ Deep Log Analyzer ▪ WebLog Expert ▪ AlterWind Log Analyzer ▪ Webalizer ▪ eWebLog Analyzer ▪ Apache Logs Viewer (ALV)
o Web Attack Investigation Tools ▪ AWStats ▪ Paros Proxy ▪ Scrawlr
• Tools for Locating IP Address o Whois Lookup o SmartWhois o ActiveWhois o LanWhois o CountryWhois o CallerIP
o Hide Real IP o IP - Address Manager o Pandora FMS
Module 19 – Tracking Emails And Investigating Email Crimes • Email System Basics
o Email Terminology o Email System o Email Clients
o Email Server o SMTP Server
o POP3 and IMAP Servers o Email Message o Importance of Electronic Records Management
• Email Crimes o Email Crime o Email Spamming o Mail Bombing/Mail Storm
o Phishing o Email Spoofing o Crime via Chat Room o Identity Fraud/Chain Letter
• Email Headers o Examples of Email Headers o List of Common Headers
• Steps to Investigate o Why to Investigate Emails o Investigating Email Crime and Violation
▪ Obtain a Search Warrant and Seize the
Computer and Email Account ▪ Obtain a Bit-by-Bit Image of Email
Information ▪ Examine Email Headers
o Viewing Email Headers in Microsoft Outlook
o Viewing Email Headers in AOL o Viewing Email Headers in Hotmail o Viewing Email Headers in Gmail o Viewing Headers in Yahoo Mail o Forging Headers
▪ Analyzing Email Headers
o Email Header Fields o Received: Headers o Microsoft Outlook Mail o Examining Additional Files (.pst or .ost
files) o Checking the Email Validity o Examine the Originating IP Address
▪ Trace Email Origin o Tracing Back o Tracing Back Web-based Email
▪ Acquire Email Archives o Email Archives
o Content of Email Archives o Local Archive o Server Storage Archive o Forensic Acquisition of Email Archive
▪ Recover Deleted Emails o Deleted Email Recovery
• Email Forensics Tools o Stellar Phoenix Deleted Email Recovery o Recover My Email o Outlook Express Recovery o Zmeil
o Quick Recovery for MS Outlook o Email Detective o Email Trace - Email Tracking o R-Mail o FINALeMAIL o eMailTrackerPro o Forensic Tool Kit (FTK) o Paraben’s email Examiner o Network Email Examiner by Paraben o DiskInternal’s Outlook Express Repair o Abuse.Net o MailDetective Tool
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• Laws and Acts against Email Crimes o U.S. Laws Against Email Crime: CAN-SPAM Act o 18 U.S.C. § 2252A o 18 U.S.C. § 2252B o Email Crime Law in Washington: RCW
19.190.020
Module 20 – Mobile Forensics • Mobile Phone
o Mobile Phone o Different Mobile Devices o Hardware Characteristics of Mobile Devices o Software Characteristics of Mobile Devices o Components of Cellular Network o Cellular Network o Different Cellular Networks
• Mobile Operating Systems o Mobile Operating Systems
o Types of Mobile Operating Systems o WebOS
▪ WebOS System Architecture o Symbian OS
▪ Symbian OS Architecture o Android OS
▪ Android OS Architecture o RIM BlackBerry OS o Windows Phone 7
▪ Windows Phone 7 Architecture o Apple iOS
• Mobile Forensics o What a Criminal can do with Mobiles Phones? o Mobile Forensics o Mobile Forensics Challenges o Forensics Information in Mobile Phones o Memory Considerations in Mobiles o Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) o SIM File System o Integrated Circuit Card Identification (ICCID) o International Mobile Equipment Identifier
(IMEI) o Electronic Serial Number (ESN)
o Precautions to be Taken Before Investigation • Mobile Forensic Process
o Mobile Forensic Process ▪ Collect the Evidence
o Collecting the Evidence o Points to Remember while Collecting
the Evidence o Collecting iPod/iPhone Connected with
Computer ▪ Document the Scene and Preserve the
Evidence
▪ Imaging and Profiling ▪ Acquire the Information
o Device Identification o Acquire Data from SIM Cards o Acquire Data from Unobstructed
Mobile Devices o Acquire the Data from Obstructed
Mobile Devices o Acquire Data from Memory Cards o Acquire Data from Synched Devices o Gather Data from Network Operator o Check Call Data Records (CDRs)
o Gather Data from SQLite Record
o Analyze the Information ▪ Generate Report
• Mobile Forensics Software Tools o Oxygen Forensic Suite 2011 o MOBILedit! Forensic o BitPim o SIM Analyzer
o SIMCon o SIM Card Data Recovery o Memory Card Data Recovery o Device Seizure o SIM Card Seizure o ART (Automatic Reporting Tool) o iPod Data Recovery Software o Recover My iPod o PhoneView o Elcomsoft Blackberry Backup Explorer o Oxygen Phone Manager II
o Sanmaxi SIM Recoverer o USIMdetective o CardRecovery o Stellar Phoenix iPod Recovery Software o iCare Data Recovery Software o Cell Phone Analyzer o iXAM o BlackBerry Database Viewer Plus o BlackBerry Signing Authority Tool
• Mobile Forensics Hardware Tools o Secure View Kit o Deployable Device Seizure (DDS)
o Paraben's Mobile Field Kit o PhoneBase o XACT System o Logicube CellDEK o Logicube CellDEK TEK o RadioTactics ACESO o UME-36Pro - Universal Memory Exchanger o Cellebrite UFED System - Universal Forensic
o Computer Forensics Report o Salient Features of a Good Report o Aspects of a Good Report
• Computer Forensics Report Template o Computer Forensics Report Template o Simple Format of the Chain of Custody
Document
o Chain of Custody Forms o Evidence Collection Form o Computer Evidence Worksheet o Hard Drive Evidence Worksheet o Removable Media Worksheet
• Investigative Report Writing o Report Classification o Layout of an Investigative Report
▪ Layout of an Investigative Report: Numbering
o Report Specifications
o Guidelines for Writing a Report o Use of Supporting Material
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o Importance of Consistency o Investigative Report Format o Attachments and Appendices o Include Metadata o Signature Analysis o Investigation Procedures o Collecting Physical and Demonstrative
Evidence o Collecting Testimonial Evidence o Do’s and Don'ts of Forensics Computer
Investigations o Case Report Writing and Documentation o Create a Report to Attach to the Media
Analysis Worksheet o Best Practices for Investigators
• Sample Forensics Report o Sample Forensics Report
• Report Writing Using Tools
o Writing Report Using FTK o Writing Report Using ProDiscover
Module 22 – Becoming An Expert Witness • Expert Witness
o What is an Expert Witness? o Role of an Expert Witness o What Makes a Good Expert Witness?
• Types of Expert Witnesses o Types of Expert Witnesses
▪ Computer Forensics Experts
o Role of Computer Forensics Expert ▪ Medical & Psychological Experts ▪ Civil Litigation Experts ▪ Construction & Architecture Experts ▪ Criminal Litigation Experts
• Scope of Expert Witness Testimony o Scope of Expert Witness Testimony o Technical Witness vs. Expert Witness o Preparing for Testimony
• Evidence Processing o Evidence Preparation and Documentation o Evidence Processing Steps
o Checklists for Processing Evidence o Examining Computer Evidence o Prepare the Report o Evidence Presentation
• Rules for Expert Witness o Rules Pertaining to an Expert Witness’s
Qualification o Daubert Standard o Frye Standard o Importance of Resume o Testifying in the Court
o The Order of Trial Proceedings • General Ethics While Testifying
o General Ethics While Testifying o Importance of Graphics in a Testimony o Helping your Attorney o Avoiding Testimony Issues o Testifying during Direct Examination o Testifying during Cross-Examination o Deposing o Recognizing Deposition Problems o Guidelines to Testifying at a Deposition o Dealing with Media
