Computer Hardware Network Professional Ver.2013

Page No.1 Computer Hardware & Network Professional July 2011

Chapter 1

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What is Computer?

The Word Computer comes from the word compute which, means to calculate. But now days, computers are also being used for many other purposes else

calculating. (See Pictures 1.1 end of the book)

Thus the computer can be defined as:

It is an electronic device which accepts instructions in the form of input and after

processing it gives us information in the form of output.

Brief History of Computer

The abacus, shown in below, is a calculator; its first recorded use was circa 500 B.C. The Chinese used it to add, subtract, multiply, and divide.

1. In 17th Century BLAISE PASCAL a mathematician and scientist of

France developed the first mechanical calculator, which he called the Pascalins.


2. CHARLES BABBAGE a mathematician of UK in 1822 designed a special type of calculator called difference Engine and in 1833 he developed a machine called ANALYTICAL ENGINE.

3. Later on American Scientists Working at Howard University developed a computer between 1937 and 1943 called Howard Mark-I.

4. First electronic computer was developed in 1946 at the University of Pennsylvania USA.

5. First Personal computer (PC) was developed in 1981.

Classification of Computers

Computer is classified according to their size, Technology and the working principal into

different categories.

1) Depending upon their size 2) Depending upon Working Principle 3) Depending upon Technology

Depending Upon Their Size:

Super Computer:

Fastest, Most Powerful, Most expensive, Large in size and Memory, Multi User. The

first Cray Super Computer was introduced in 1976.

Mainframe Computer:

Less powerful than Super Computer, Large in size and memory, Multi user, Expensive.


Mini Computers:

Less powerful than Mainframe, Medium Sized, Multi-user, Expensive.

Microcomputer:

Single user, Powerful Enough, In expensive, Personal Computer

Depending upon their working Principle

(a) Analog Computer:

Such a type of computer in which input is given in the form of digits but the output is

receiving in graphical form. This output is correct 90% to 95% (i.e. Wall Clock,

Thermometer, Magnetic Needle etc.)

(b) Digital Computer

Digital computer that in which input is given in the form of digits and output is

also received in form of digits (Digital Watch, Calculator etc.) (c) Hybrid Computer


These computers have both properties analog and digital. Hybrid Computer given

output in both digits and graphs all PC are the Hybrid computers having both

properties.

Introduction to Personal Computers Personal computer is also called Microcomputer. Microcomputer was designed to be

one person at a time. These are small in size and mainly used in Accounting, Database,

Word Processing and Spread Sheet packages etc.

Intel Based microcomputer is of two categories;

Old Series: 8088, 8086, 80286, 80386, 80486 and 80586

New Series: Pentium I, Pentium II Pentium III, Celeron, Pentium 4,

Pentium Core.

Branded Computer:

These computers are assemble or manufactured a company and marketed them with a

special name. For example IBM, APPLE, ACER, COMPAQ, HEWLLETT PACKARD (HP),

DELL and so on. These are high quality, high cost machines.

UN-Branded Computer:

These computers have no special name but these recognize with its

technology like Pentium 1 or Pentium 4. They are normally assembled with

different companies parts. They are cheap and less reliable machines.

PCs normally come in four sizes & Shapes;

Desk Top PC


Tower PC Laptop PC Palm Top PC

Characteristics of a Computer 1 Speed

A Computer is a very fast device. It can perform in a few seconds the amount of

work that a human being can do in an entire year.

2 Accuracy

The accuracy of a computer is consistently high and the degree of accuracy of a

particular computer depends upon its design.

3 Diligence

A computer is free from monotony, tiredness and lack concentrations. It can do work

for hours.

4 Versatility

Versatility is one of the most wonderful things about the computer. It can do many

types of work such as preparing results, bills, letters etc.

5 No. IQ

A computer cannot take its own decision in this regard.

6 No Feeling

Computers have no feelings and no instinct because they are machines.

Information


The processed form of data is called information. Information conveys meaning and is

useful to one or more people.

Information Processing Cycle (IPC)

Information processing cycle consists of a series of tasks or steps required to convert

data into information. Different steps of information processing cycle are as follows.

INPUT

Everything that we give to the computer system through input devices is called input.

Input Devices

An input device is any hardware component that allows you to enter data or instruction

into a computer. Most commonly used input devices are the keyboard, mouse,

microphone, scanner, digital camera, and PC video camera. (See Pictures 1.2)

1

KEYBOARD

Computer keyboards are similar to

electric-typewriter keyboards but

contain additional keys. Keyboard is

2

MOUSE

A device that controls the

movement of the cursor or

pointer on a display screen.

Output Processing Input

Collection Verification

Classify Manipulation

Decode View/Store Sorting

Calculation


use to enter data into a computer.

3

Track Ball

A trackball is a specific style of

computer mouse. User track the ball

with his finger and arrow move the

on-screen.

4

GLIDE PAD

A Glide Pad, also called touchpad,

track pad is a pointing device

consisting of specialized surface

that can translate the motion and

position of a user's fingers to a

relative position on screen.

5

SCANNER

Scanners or computer scanners are

used to transfer images or text into a

computer.

6

MICROPHONE

A microphone used to converts

voice or sjound into an electrical

signal.

7

DIGITAL CAMERA

A digital camera is a camera that

takes video or still photographs. 8

WEB CAM

A webcam is a video camera which

feeds its images in real time to a

computer

9

BARCODE READER

A barcode reader (or barcode

scanner) is an electronic device for

reading printed barcodes.

10

JOY STICK

A lever that moves in all directions

and controls the movement of a

pointer. It use for play Games.

Multimedia:

Multimedia is a combination of sound and images with text and graphics. This would

include movies, animation, music, people talking, sound effects like the roar of a crowd,

smashing etc.


OUT PUT

Everything that computer display after processing is called output.

Types of Output:-

1: Hard Form: Printed paper or other permanent media that physically exists.

2: Soft Form: Displayed on screen or by other non-permanent means that not keep

physically.

OUTPUT DEVICES

Computer hardware components that are used to receive processed information from

computer are called output devices. (See Pictures 1.3)

1 Monitor / LCD

A monitor or display (sometimes called a visual

display unit) is an electronic visual display for

computers. Its like TV

2 Speakers A loudspeaker (or "speaker") that produces sound in

response to an electrical audio signal input.

3 Printers It takes electrical signals from computer and convert

them in to text and make an image on paper.

4 Plotters A plotter is a computer printing device for printing Big

level graphics.


5 Projector

An LCD projector is a type of video projector for

displaying video, images or computer data on a

big screen.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The Microprocessor, also called the central processing unit, interprets and carries out all

the basic instructions that operate the computer. (See Pictures 1.4)

Processor contains a Control Unit (CU) and an Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU). These

two components work together to perform processing of operations.

Control Unit (CU)

Input

Devices

Output

Devices

Memory

Storage

Devices

Central Processor Unit

Control Unit

(CU)

Arithmetic &

Logic Unit

(ALU)


The control unit is the component of the processor that directs a coordinates most of

operations in the computer. The control unit has a rule much like a traffic cops: it

interprets each instruction issued by a program and then initiates the appropriate action

to carry out the instructions.

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

The Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) another component of the processor performs

arithmetic, comparison, and logical operation. Arithmetic operations include basic

calculation such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Logical operation

include conditions along with logical operator such as AND, OR, and NOT. For example,

if only employees paid hourly can receive overtime pay, the ALU must verify to

condition before computing an overtime wage:

1. The employee is paid hourly AND. 2. The employee worked more than 40 hours

Motherboard

The mother board sometime called a system board is the main circuit board of the

system unit. It is used to connect all kind of hardware devices.

Ports: A 'port' serves as an interface between the computer and other computers or peripheral devices. Physically, a port is a specialized outlet on a piece of equipment to

which a plug or cable connects. (See Pictures 1.9)

Storage:

Storage refers to the media either data are stored temporarily or permanently. There

are two main types of storage.


Primary Storage or Main Memory

Secondary Storage

Primary Storage or Main Memory (RAM)

Primary storage, presently known as memory or simply RAM, is the only one directly

accessible to the CPU. The CPU continuously reads instructions stored there and

executes them as required. Any data actively operated on is also stored there in uniform

manner. Memory stores three basic categories of data.

Operating system and other system software that control or maintain the computer and its devices

Application programs that carry out a specific task such as word processing etc.

Data to be processed by the application programs and resulting information. RAM Stands for Random Access Memory. RAM is also called main memory or primary

storage, it consists of memory chips that can be read from and written to by the

processor and other devices. RAM varies in size like 128 MB, 256 MB, and 512 MB to 2

GB.

RAM can not store data and instruction permanently. When we switch off the

computer, all data and instructions from RAM are washed or vanished. Therefore it is

called volatile memory. (See Pictures 1.5)

ROM stands for Read only Memory. It consists of those instructions that prepare the

computer for use. ROM instructions are automatically loaded into the Main Memory.

These instructions cab only be read but cannot be changed or deleted. It is not possible

to write new instructions into the ROM. It stores data and instructions permanently.

When we switch off the computer, the instructions stored in the ROM are not lost.

Therefore it is called a non-volatile memory.

SECONDARY STORAGE:

It has three types:


Magnetic Disk

Optical Disc

Flash Memory

Magnetic Disk

It is most widely used storage media for all type of computer. A magnetic disk is a thin

circular metal plate or platter coated with magnetic material. Information can be record

on or read from the magnetic surface through magnetism. Magnetic disk is a random

access storage media.

Types of Magnetic Disk

There are the following types of the magnetic disk. (See Pictures 1.6)

1. Hard Disk 2. Floppy Disk 3. Zip Disk

Optical Disks

Optical disk issued laser technology to read or write information. LASER Stands for Light

Amplification through stimulated emission of Radiation Laser beam is used to make tiny

holes on the surface of the disk. (See Pictures 1.7)

Compact Disk (CD)

CD is the most popular optical medium. It can hold 650 MB to 800 MB of data. The data

on the CD cannot be erased like magnetic diskettes.

DVD


DVD, also known as "Digital Versatile Disc" or "Digital Video Disc", is an optical disc

storage media format. Its main uses are video and data storage. DVDs are of the same

dimensions as compact discs (CDs), but store more than six times as much data.

Blu-Ray Disc

Blu-ray Disc (official abbreviation BD) is an optical disc storage medium designed to

supersede the DVD format. The standard physical medium is a 12 cm plastic optical disc,

the same size as DVDs and CDs. Blu-ray Discs contain 25 GB per layer, with dual layer

discs (50 GB) the norm for feature-length video discs and additional layers possible in

the future.

Flash memory and Drive

Flash memory is a non-volatile computer storage chip that can be electrically erased and

reprogrammed. It is primarily used in memory cards, USB flash drives, MP3 players and

solid-state drives for general storage and transfer of data between computers and other

digital products. It is a specific type of EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable

read-only memory) that is erased and programmed in large blocks; in early flash the

entire chip had to be erased at once.

USB Drive

A USB flash drive consists of a flash memory data storage device integrated with a USB

(Universal Serial Bus) interface. USB flash drives are typically removable and rewritable,

and physically much smaller than a floppy disk. Most weigh less than 30 g. Storage

capacities in 2010 can be as large as 256 GB with steady improvements in size and price

per capacity expected. (See Pictures 1.8)

What is Data?


A collection of facts and figures that we give to the computer for gathering useful results

and information is called data. There is three types of data.

Alphabetic Data (A to Z)

Numeric Data (0 to 9)

Alphanumeric Data (A to Z and 0 to 9)

The Binary System.

The binary system of numbers uses the base of 2 (0 and 1). A bit can exist in only two

states, No or OFF.

The Units of Storage

Memory Unit Value

Bit Smallest unit of information, shorthand term for

binary digit

Nibble 4 bits (Half of a byte)

Byte 8 bits (Equal to one character)

Word 16 bits on most personal computers (longer words

possible on larger computers)


What is Hertz? In 1887 German physician Heinrich Hertz demonstrate the effects of

electromagnetic radiation through space. In this honor the hertz (Hz) is now

the slandered unit for the measurement of the frequency (1 Hz equals one

complete cycle per second)

Clock Speed :

Kilobyte (KB) 1024 bytes

Megabyte (MB) 1,048,576 bytes (Approximately one million bytes

or 1024 KB)

Gigabyte (GB) 1,073,741,824 bytes (Approximately one billion

bytes or 1024 MB)

Terabyte (TB) 1024 Gigabyte of data

Memory Unit Value

1000 Hertz 1Kilo Hertz KHZ

1000 Kilo Hertz 1Mega Hertz MHZ

1000 Mega Hertz 1Giga Hertz GHZ

1000 Giga Hertz 1 Tera Hertz THZ

1000 Tera Hertz 1 Peta Hertz PHZ


The frequency of oscillations or clock cycle/sec. It is measured in hertz.

Computers today operate in the range 100 MHZ to 3 GHZ and so on.

Introduction to Software Sets of programs that are used to communicate with computer are called

software. Or the programs that we make in the computer are called

software (that we can see but not touch). Languages and Packages like MS

Words, MS Excel, Basic & COBOL etc. Computer does nothing unless it is

given instruction to perform.

Software has two types:

1) System Software 2) Application Software

1. System Software

System Software consists of the programs that control over all operations of

the computer system.

System Software has following types:

Operating System Translators System Utilities

Operating System:

A Software that controls the hardware OR A Software that provides such an environment to user in which he operates computer easily. It is

responsible for the flow of data between different components of

computers. (See Pictures 1.10)

Translators:

To execute programs from high level language to computer code (The

binary pattern 0 and 1), some system programs are used called translators. These are of following types:

1. Interpreters


2. Compilers 3. Assemblers

System Utilities:

Utilities are system softwares. They provide useful services by performing

common tasks such as sorting, merging and copying.

2. Application Software

Software designed to do a specific task is called application software.

It has two categories:

1) General Software 2) Standard Software

General Software:

It consists of different languages.

Language:

All the computers programs and instructions are written in computer

language. It is such software in which the programmer makes the

programming. Types of language:

Low level language High level language Middle level language

Standard Software:

Package:

Package is such a software in which programming is already made. User

just operates this software. In other words we can say that package is a

pre-made program. It has following categories:

1. Word Processing (MS-Word, Word perfect, Word pad, Writer)


2. Spread Sheet (MS- Excel, Lotus 123) 3. Database (MS-Access, Oracle, SQL) 4. Graphics (MS-Paint, Corel draw, Photo shop)

Power Safety Guidelines

The following are some general guidelines to follow when working around

computers:

Never wear jewelry or other metal objects when working on a computer. These items pose an electrical threat that can cause shorts, which will destroy components.

To avoid spills, never use liquids around electrical equipment. Replace any wrong or damaged power cords or extension

immediately. Never allow anything to rest on a power cord. Avoid using extension cords that has loose sockets. These can cause

by tripping hazards or short circuits. Keep all electrical covers intact. Make sure all vents are clear and have ample free-air space to allow

heat to escape. Some peripheral devices such as laser printers and scanners use

high voltages. Before removing any covers or working on any of these devices, be sure to read the manufacturers' manuals carefully.

Make sure the proper lighting and work area.

Fire Fire is not pleasant to think about, but it is a fact of life. A workplace fire can be

disastrous both in terms of lost equipment and injury to people. Knowing what to

do in the event of a fire can save valuable equipment and, most importantly, lives.

Here are a few tips to help prevent fire and protect you:


Always know the emergency procedures to be carried out in case of fire at your workplace.

Know the location of the nearest fire exits. Know the location of the nearest fire extinguishers and how to use

them. Don't overload electrical outlets.

Simply knowing the location of a fire extinguisher is of no value unless you

know how to use it. If you don't, contact your safety department or local

fire department. They will be glad to help you get the training you need.

Also, remember that using the wrong type of fire extinguisher can be

worse than not using one at all.

There are three basic types of fire extinguishers as shown in the picture

below.


Chapter 2

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WINDOWS VISTA The following document covers the basics of working with Windows Vista as

well as some basic Windows Vista operations.

Logging On to a Vista Station

Opening Programs

Closing Programs

Protecting Your Workstation and Data

Logging Off a Vista Station

Changing Passwords

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/wva-basics.htm - top#topLogging On to a

Vista Station Before you begin the connection process you will want to make sure the last

person using the computer logged off. If you see the standard desktop or a

program open, you must log off the previous user. To do this, Logging Off a

Vista Station and then continue with the appropriate section below to log in as

yourself.

1. Press [Ctrl] + [Alt] + [Delete] All three keys must be pressed together.

2. If someone else was logged on last, a. Click SWITCH USER b. Click OTHER USER

3. In the User name text box, type your username HINT: This is the same as your email username.

4. In the Password text box, type your password EXAMPLE: 2pa$s_worLd

5. Click the LOG ON button OR Press [Enter]

You are logged in and the Windows Vista desktop appears.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/wva-basics.htm - top#topOpening Programs Programs are available through the Start menu and are arranged in folders based

on the type of program, such as Microsoft Office or Graphics & Web Design.


1. From the Start menu, select All Programs select the desired category A list of available programs appears.

2. From the list of programs, select the desired program The selected program opens.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/wva-basics.htm - top#topClosing Programs

Closing programs before logging off helps protect your data and is strongly

recommended. The following instructions will work with most Windows

programs.

1. If necessary, save your work For information on saving your work

2. Click CLOSE OR

For Office programs, from the File menu , select Exit [Program]

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/wva-basics.htm - top#topProtecting Your Workstation and Data

If you are leaving your computer for a short time, recommends that you lock your

workstation. This helps prevent unauthorized access and modification to your data

or files. Locking your workstation prevents anyone from using your station, but

your programs will remain running for quick access when you return to your

computer.

Locking Your Workstation

NOTE: You are not able to lock General Access Lab computers.

1. Press [Ctrl] + [Alt] + [Delete] 2. Click LOCK THIS COMPUTER

The computer is locked.

Unlocking Your Workstation


1. Press [Ctrl] + [Alt] + [Delete] The login screen appears.

2. In the Password text box, type your password 3. Press [Enter]

You are returned to the Windows Vista desktop or the last program that

you used.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/wva-basics.htm - top#topLogging Off a Vista Station

Remember to log off your workstation when you are finished using it. Failure to

log off can result in unauthorized access or modifications to your data and files.

1. From the Start menu click MORE select Log off You are logged off.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/wva-basics.htm - top#topChanging Passwords

Your password provides important security for your files. While you are required

to change it annually, it is recommended that you change it more frequently.

Requirements

Passwords must be changed at least once every academic year

Passwords must be at least 8 characters long

Passwords must include at least 3 of the following:

o At least one uppercase letter: A-Z

o At least one lowercase letter: a-z

o At least one digit: 0-9

o At least one special character: ~ ` @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) + = \ | [ ] { }

? < >

Changing Your Password

1. Press [Ctrl] + [Alt] + [Delete] 2. Click CHANGE A PASSWORD...

The Change Password screen appears.


3. In the Old password text box, type your current password 4. In the New password text box, type your desired new password 5. In the Confirm password text box, retype your new password 6. Click OK

Your password is now changed.

Recommendations

Do not share your password with others

Do not write down your password

Do not choose a word or phrase that is commonly known about you

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/keycombo.htm - top#topBasic Tasks

Perform With Short Cuts. Action Press

Display Help F1

Rename the selected item F2

Search for a file or folder F3

Activate the menu bar in the active program F10

Refresh the active window F5 (or Ctrl+R)

Open or close the Start menu. Windows logo key

Cycle through programs on the taskbar by

using Aero Flip 3-D

Windows logo key +Tab

Display the System Properties dialog box. Windows logo key +Pause

Display the desktop. Windows logo key +D

Minimize all windows. Windows logo key +M

Restore minimized windows to the desktop. Windows logo key +Shift+M

Open Computer. Windows logo key +E

Search for a file or folder. Windows logo key +F

Lock your computer or switch users. Windows logo key +L

Open the Run dialog box. Windows logo key +R

Maximize the window. Windows logo key +Up Arrow

Maximize the window to the left side of the

screen.

Windows logo key +Left Arrow

Maximize the window to the right side of

the screen.

Windows logo key +Right Arrow

Minimize the window. Windows logo key +Down Arrow

Minimize all but the active window. Windows logo key +Home


Select all items on a page Ctrl+A

Copy the selected item Ctrl+C (or Ctrl+Insert)

Cut the selected item Ctrl+X

Paste the selected item Ctrl+V (or Shift+Insert)

Undo an action Ctrl+Z

Redo an action Ctrl+Y

Open a new window Ctrl+N

Close the current window Ctrl+W

Create a new folder Ctrl+Shift+N

Save changes to a note Ctrl+S

Print a note Ctrl+P

Open the Start menu Ctrl+Esc

Open Task Manager Ctrl+Shift+Esc

Close the active document Ctrl+F4

Use the arrow keys to switch between open

items

Ctrl+Alt+Tab

Change the size of icons on the desktop Ctrl+Mouse scroll wheel

Use the arrow keys to cycle through

programs on the taskbar by using Aero Flip

3-D

Ctrl+Windows logo key +Tab

Select multiple individual items in a window

or on the desktop

Ctrl with any Left click

Display properties for the selected item Alt+Enter

Close the active item, or exit the active

program

Alt+F4

Switch between open items Alt+Tab

Cycle through items in the order in which

they were opened

Alt+Esc

Delete the selected item and move it to the

Recycle Bin

Delete (or Ctrl+D)

Delete the selected item without moving it to

the Recycle Bin first

Shift+Delete

Cancel the current task Esc

Move forward through options Tab

Move back through options Shift+Tab

Cut, Copy, and Paste


http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/wva-cut.htm - top#topCopying Items

Copying items places them on the Clipboard. Once copied, you can paste the

Clipboard contents, whether it is elsewhere in the same document, into a different

document, or into an altogether different application.

1. Select the text, graphic, file, or folder to be copied 2. Press [Ctrl] + [C]

The selected contents are saved to the Clipboard.

You are now ready to paste.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/wva-cut.htm - top#topCutting Items

1. Select the item (text or graphic) to be cut 2. Press [Ctrl] + [X]

the selection has been cut and saved to the Clipboard.

You are now ready to paste.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/wva-cut.htm - top#topPasting Items

1. Copy or cut the desired item(s) 2. Place the insertion point where you want to paste the item 3. Press [Ctrl] + [V]

The content is pasted.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/wva-cut.htm - top#topMoving Between

Applications

Key Command

1. Press [Alt] + [Tab] A box appears on the screen showing all open applications.

2. Continue to hold [Alt] while pressing [Tab] to cycle through open programs

NOTES:

The application must be open to be included in the program list.

The application is selected when a box appears around the application

icon.


3. To open the selected application, release [Alt]

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/wva-save.htm - top#topSaving a File for the First Time

This procedure is also used when you want to save a copy of the active file to a

second location for backup or to create a copy of the file with a different name.

1. With the appropriate program open, from the OFFICE button menu , select Save As...

The Save As dialog box appears.

2. From the Folders list, navigate to the desired save location 3. In the File name text box, type your preferred name for the file 4. Click SAVE

The file is saved to the selected location.


http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/wva-save.htm - top#topSaving a File That Has Already Been Saved

Once you have saved a file for the first time, saving again is simple.

1. From the OFFICE button menu , select Save OR Press [Ctrl] + [S]

The file is saved.

Working with Files

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/filemanage.htm - top#topMoving Files

Moving files allows you to rearrange files and improve organization. The method

to move files to the hard-drive or a Flash Drive is similar to copying text.

Moving Files: Cut and Paste Option

1. On the Taskbar, right click START select Explore Windows Explorer opens.

2. Navigate to and select the file you want to move

3. On the Command bar, from the Organize menu , select Cut OR

Right click the file select Cut

OR

Press [Ctrl] + [X]

The file is cut to the clipboard.

4. Navigate to and select the new location for the file

5. On the Command bar, from the Organize menu , select Paste

OR

Right click a blank spot in the area select Paste

OR

Press [Ctrl] + [V]

The file is pasted.


6. OPTIONAL: To prevent confusion between the original and copied file, rename the filehttp://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/filemanage.htm - rename#rename

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/filemanage.htm - top#topRenaming Files After copying a file, you may want to rename it to prevent confusion between the

original and copied file.

Renaming Files: Menu Option

1. Navigate to and select the file you want to rename

2. On the Command bar, from the Organize menu , select

Rename

OR Right click the file select Rename

The filename will be selected.

3. Type the new file name

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/filemanage.htm - top#topDeleting Files

Deleting files is an easy way to free up space on your diskettes and disk drives. If

you are deleting files from the hard-drive, they are placed in the Recycle Bin and

remain there until the Recycle Bin is emptied.

NOTE: You can recover files from the Recycle Bin before it is emptied.

1. Navigate to ad select the file you want to delete

2. On the Command bar, from the Organize menu , select Delete

OR Right click the file select Delete

A confirmation dialog box appears.

3. Click YES

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/filemanage.htm - top#topWorking with the Recycle Bin


Files that are deleted from the hard drive are put into the Recycle Bin, where they

will remain until the Recycle Bin is emptiedeven if you turn off your computer. The following steps outline how to restore a file from the Recycle Bin. Using this

procedure, the file will be restored to its original location. If you want to change

the location, you can use the moving files procedure.

Restoring Single Files from the Recycle Bin: Desktop Option WARNING: Restoring files from the Recycle Bin works only for files deleted

from the hard-drive, not from a diskette or a server.

1. To open the Recycle Bin, on the Desktop, double click RECYCLE BIN

2. Right click the file select Restore

Restoring Single Files from the Recycle Bin: Command Bar

Option

1. To open the Recycle Bin, on the Desktop, double click RECYCLE BIN

2. Select the file you wish to restore 3. From the Command bar, click RESTORE THIS ITEM

Restoring All Files from the Recycle Bin

1. To open the Recycle Bin, on the Desktop, double click RECYCLE

BIN 2. From the Command bar, click RESTORE ALL ITEMS

Emptying the Recycle Bin

1. To open the Recycle Bin, on the Desktop, double click


2. From the Command bar, click EMPTY THE RECYCLE BIN


3. Click YES

Connecting to a Printer

This document contains information on connecting to a printer in Windows Vista.

Connecting to a Network Printer

Connecting to a Local Printer

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/print-connect.htm - top#topConnecting to a Network Printer

If you work in a network environment, you will want to connect to one or more

printers. The Add Printer Wizard makes this process easy to do.

NOTE: These instructions assume that you know the network name of the printer

you wish to add.

1. From the Start menu, select Control Panel The Control Panel pane appears.

2. In the Hardware and Sound group, click PRINTER the Printers pane appears.

3. On the Command bar, click ADD A PRINTER the Add Printer wizard appears.

4. Select Add a network, wireless or Bluetooth printer The Printers pane refreshes.

5. From the Select a printer scroll box, select the desired printer OR If you printer is not listed,

a. Click THE PRINTER THAT I WANT ISN'T LISTED b. Select Select a shared printer by name c. In the corresponding text box, type the name of the printer (e.g.,

\\print\citi04)

6. Click NEXT The printer installation begins.


You may be prompted to install the printer drivers, an action which

requires administrative credentials.

7. If you would like this to be your default printer, select Set as the default printer The option is selected if an checkmark appears before it.

8. Click NEXT 9. OPTIONAL: To test the printer setup, click PRINT A TEST PAGE 10. Click FINISH

The printer has been added.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/print-connect.htm - top#topConnecting to a Local Printer

If your computer is not connected to a network, you will want to add a local

printer. USB printers are automatically detected and installed by Windows Vista.

For all other local printers, follow these instructions.

1. From the Start menu, select Control Panel The Control Panel pane appears.

2. In the Hardware and Sound group, click PRINTER The Printers pane appears.

3. On the Command bar, click ADD A PRINTER The Add Printer wizard appears.

4. Select Add a local printer 5. Verify that Use an existing port is selected 6. From the corresponding pull-down list, select the appropriate port 7. Click NEXT 8. From the Manufacturer scroll box, select the manufacturer of your printer

The Printers list updates.

9. From the Printers scroll box, select your printer model 10. Click NEXT 11. Verify the Printer name 12. If you would like this to be your default printer, select Set as the default

printer The option is selected if an checkmark appears before it.

13. Click NEXT Installation begins.

14. OPTIONAL: To test the printer setup, click PRINT A TEST PAGE


15. Click FINISH The printer has been added.

Selecting a Printer in Windows Vista The following instructions are written generically for Windows Vista and most

Windows programs.

1. Open the document you want to print

2. In a Microsoft Office program, from the OFFICE button select Print in other programs, from the File menu select Print...

HINT: If the File

menu is not visible,

press [Alt]

The Print dialog

box appears.

3. From the Name pull-down list,

select the desired

printer for the lab

you are working in

NOTE: If the

correct printer does

not appear, to add

the correct printer

to this list.

4. If necessary, make any other adjustments to the dialog box 5. Click OK

The document prints to the selected printer.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/fonts.htm - top#topInstalling Fonts from

Other Sources

1. Access the Fonts folder


2. From the File menu select Install New Font HINT: If you do not see the menu bar, press [Alt].

The Add Fonts dialog box appears.

3. Use the Folders scroll box to navigate to the drive and directory

containing your new font(s)

4. From the List of fonts scroll box, select the desired font HINTS: To select multiple fonts, hold down [Ctrl] and click the fonts you want.

To select the entire list, click SELECT ALL.

5. At the bottom of the dialog box, verify that Copy fonts to Fonts folder is selected

NOTE: The item is selected if a check mark appears before it.

6. Click INSTALL The new font appears in the Fonts folder.

Installing Fonts from Other Sources: Copy & Paste

Option

1. Access the Fonts folder 2. In Windows Explorer, navigate to the drive and directory containing your

new font(s) and select the desired font(s)

3. From the Edit menu select Copy HINT: If you do not see the menu bar, press [Alt].

OR Press [Ctrl] + [C]


4. In the Fonts folder, from the Edit menu select Paste HINT: If you do not see the menu bar, press [Alt].

OR Press [Ctrl] + [V]

The Install Fonts Progress dialog box appears.

Personalizing the Appearance of Windows Vista

This document will show you how to personalize the appearance of Windows

Vista for your own use.

Accessing the Personalization Settings

Changing the Windows Theme

Changing the Window Color and Appearance

Changing the Desktop Background

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/appearnce.htm - top#topAccessing the Personalization Settings

The screen you see after logging in is called the Desktop. You can personalize the

Desktop to fit your needs in the Personalization settings.

Accessing the Personalization Settings: Start Menu

Option

1. From the Start menu , select Control Panel The Control Panel appears.

2. Click APPEARANCE AND PERSONALIZATION The Appearance and Personalization pane appears.

3. Click PERSONALIZATION The Personalize appearance and sounds pane appears.

Accessing the Personalization Settings: Right Click

Option

1. Right click anywhere in a blank part of the Desktop select Personalize


The Personalize appearance and sounds pane appears.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/appearnce.htm - top#topChanging the Windows Theme

1. Access the Personalization Settings 2. Click THEME

The Theme Settings dialog box

appears.

3. From the Theme pull-down menu, select the desired theme

4. Click APPLY The theme is changed.

5. Click OK

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/appearnce.htm - top#tophttp://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/appearnce.htm -

top#topChanging the Window

Color and Appearance


Changing the Window Color

1. Access the Personalization Settings 2. Click WINDOW COLOR AND APPEARANCE

The Window Color and Appearance pane appears.

3. To select a color, click on the desired color 4. OPTIONAL: To adjust the color intensity, from Color intensity, click and

drag the sliding bar

5. To create your own color,

a. Click SHOW COLOR MIXER b. From the color mixer, click and drag the sliding bars to adjust the

color's Hue, Saturation, and Brightness

6. Click OK The changes are made.

You are returned to the Personalize appearance and sounds task pane.


Changing the Window Appearance

1.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/appearnce.htm - top#topChanging the Desktop Background

1. Access the Personalization Settings 2. Click DESKTOP BACKGROUND

The Desktop Background pane appears.

3. To change the background, from the scroll list, select an image HINT: When you select an image, a preview appears on the desktop.

OR To locate an image file

a. Click BROWSE... The Browse dialog box appears.

b. Navigate to and select the appropriate image file c. Click OPEN


4. To change the picture position, from How should the picture be positioned?, select the desired position

NOTE: The options are Stretched, Tiled, and Centered.

5. To apply the background, click OK

Working with Screen Savers

Applying a Screen Saver

Adjusting Screen Saver Settings

Adjusting Power Options


Working with the Sidebar

The Windows Vista Sidebar is a vertical section of the desktop in which a user

can display frequently used tools, called Gadgets. Gadgets include clocks,


calendars, news feeds, and other helpful objects that allow you to easily access

information and personalize your desktop.

HINT: The Windows Vista default settings allow the Sidebar to appear on the

desktop upon first using Vista. However, if you are unable to see the Sidebar,

from the Taskbar, simply click on the Sidebar icon to make it appear.

Accessing Sidebar Properties

Changing Sidebar Settings

Working with Gadgets

Adding Gadgets to the Sidebar

Removing Gadget

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/sidebar.htm - top#topAccessing Sidebar Properties

In order to make changes to the Sidebar, you must first access the Sidebar

properties.

Accessing Sidebar Properties: Start Menu Option

1. From the Start menu, select Control Panel The Control Panel appears.

2. Click APPEARANCE AND PERSONALIZATION The Appearance and Personalization options appear.


3. Click WINDOWS SIDEBAR PROPERTIES The Windows Sidebar Properties dialog box appears.

Accessing Sidebar Properties: Right Click Option

1. Right click anywhere in a blank part of the Sidebar

frame select Properties

The Windows Sidebar

Properties dialog box

appears.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/sidebar.htm -

top#topChanging Sidebar

Settings

You can change the location of the

Sidebar on the desktop and its


visibility in regard to other windows.

1. Access the Sidebar Properties 2. To allow the Sidebar to appear adjacent to open windows, select Sidebar

is always on top of other windows

HINT: An item is selected if a checkmark appears within the box.

3. To change the location of the Sidebar, from the Display Sidebar on this side of screen option, select Left or Right

4. To make the changes, click APPLY

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/sidebar.htm - top#topWorking with Gadgets

http://www.uwec.edu/help/WinVA/sidebar.htm - top#topAdding Gadgets to the Sidebar

Your Sidebar will contain only default gadgets until you personalize it. Vista has

a selection of gadgets already installed on your computer. You can search for and

install more gadgets at the Windows Vista Gadget Gallery.

1. Right click anywhere in a blank part of the Sidebar frame select Add Gadgets...

OR

From the top of the Sidebar, click GADGETS

The Gadget Gallery appears.

2. To add a gadget to the sidebar, double click the gadget OR

Drag the gadget to the Sidebar

The gadget is added to the Sidebar.

Working with Shortcuts


Creating a shortcut allows you to quickly access files, folders, drives, or

programs. This might be useful if you frequently access your drive, a certain

folder, or a specific file. It can also be helpful if a class requires you to frequently

access a professor's folder from the drive.

Creating a Shortcut

Using a Shortcut

Deleting a Shortcut

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/shrtcut.htm - top#topCreating a Shortcut

Folders, drives, printers, programs and general files can be linked with a shortcut.

The following section provides instructions for two ways to create a shortcut: the

drag method and the quick menu method.

Creating a Shortcut: Drag and Drop Method

1. On the Desktop, click START select Computer [name] Windows Explorer launches, displaying your computer's drives, devices,

and networks.

2. Navigate to the file, folder, drive, or printer you want to create a shortcut for

3. Click the item and drag it to the Desktop 4. Release the mouse button

The shortcut icon for the selected file or folder appears on your Desktop.

Creating a Shortcut to Files and Folders: Quick Menu

Method

1. On the Desktop, click START select Computer [name] Windows Explorer launches, displaying your computer's drives, devices,

and networks.

2. Navigate to the file, folder, drive, or printer you want to create a shortcut for

3. Right click the item select Send To select Desktop (create shortcut) The shortcut appears on the desktop.


http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/shrtcut.htm - top#topUsing a Shortcut

Using a shortcut is as simple as opening the file, folder, drive, program, or printer

it references.

1. On the Desktop, double click the shortcut The item which the shortcut references opens.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/shrtcut.htm - top#topDeleting a Shortcut

Deleting shortcuts is as simple as deleting typical files on your computer.

NOTE: Deleting a shortcut does not delete the file or folders it references, nor

does it disconnect from the drive or printer it references.

1. On the Desktop, right click the shortcut you wish to delete select Delete A confirmation dialog box appears.

2. Click YES The shortcut is deleted.

The Windows Explorer Environment

Windows Explorer is used to manage files, folders, and drives. It can be used to

create folders for storing information, rearrange files or folders, locate files or

folders, and delete files or folders that are no longer needed. Windows Explorer

also provides functions for burning CDs and mapping network drives, as well as a

variety of other file management tools. This document describes many of the

components of the Windows Explorer dialog box and provides you with

descriptions of the different functions found on the toolbar.

Opening Windows Explorer

The Windows Explorer Window

The Windows Explorer Command Bar

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/exp-basics.htm - open#openOpening Windows Explorer


There are several options for accessing Windows Explorer on campus computers,

including the right click option and the Start menu option.

Opening Windows Explorer: Right Click Option


Opening Windows Explorer: Start Menu Option

1. From the Start menu, select All Programs Accessories Windows Explorer Windows Explorer opens.

Opening Windows Explorer: Creating a Shortcut Option

1. From the Start menu, select All Programs Accessories 2. Right click WINDOWS EXPLORER select Send To Desktop (create

shortcut)

The shortcut appears on the desktop.

3. From the desktop, double click WINDOWS EXPLORER Windows Explorer opens.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/exp-environ.htm - top#topThe Windows Explorer Window

This section describes the various parts of the window and their respective

purposes.


Part of Window Purpose

Navigation tools Includes buttons to move forward and back in the navigation

history, as well as an address bar and a search bar

Command bar Contains a dynamic set of commands, decided by which file

or folder is currently selected

Navigation pane Provides access to the drives and directories available

File list Displays the contents of the selected drive/folder

File/Folder

details pane

Displays information about the selected item

Windows Explorer Basics

In order to make working with Windows Explorer simple and easy, it is important

to learn some basic techniques, terms, and conventions involving Windows

Explorer.

This document covers the following basic information:

Moving Around in Windows Explorer


Terms

File Naming Conventions

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/exp-basics.htm - top#topMoving Around in Windows Explorer

As you work with Windows Explorer, you are likely to encounter the following

activities. Included with each activity is a brief description of how to accomplish

it.

Displaying the Contents of a Folder/Drive

1. Open Windows Explorer.

2. In the Navigation pane, select the appropriate folder/drive name The contents of the folder/drive you selected will appear in the Contents

pane.

Displaying the Contents of a Subfolder

1. Open Windows Explorer 2. Select a folder/drive

3. To expand a folder, click EXPAND

4. To view the content of a subfolder, click EXPAND ( ) next to the folder/drive name.

To collapse the folder listing, click COLLAPSE ( ).

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/exp-basics.htm - top#topTerms

The terms file, folder, and path are key words to know when working with

Windows Explorer.


File A file is a single document that is saved on a flash drive or hard-drive.

Folder A folder is where files are stored.

Path A path is the line of folders you must follow to locate a specific file; it begins

with the drive designation and includes the folders. For example,

c:\data\reports\status.doc is a file named status.doc that is on the C: drive and is

in the reports subfolder of the data folder.

About Long Filenames

When working with Windows Vista, you have a lot of flexibility with filenames.

Windows Vista supports long file names so you can have up to 255 characters

including spaces. When naming your files, you can use all of the alphabetic

characters, numeric characters, and spaces. The only characters you may not use

are control characters (characters that require a keyboard combination to create)

and the characters listed below.

\ / : * ? " < >

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/exp-folder.htm - top#topCreating Folders

Creating a new folder is a valuable technique for organizing and separating files.


2. Navigate to the location where you want to create a folder 3. Right click a blank area in the Files list select New Folder

The new folder appears in the desired location with a default name

highlighted.

4. To rename the folder, type the name of the new folder 5. Press [Enter]

The folder is named.


http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/exp-folder.htm - top#topDeleting Folders

When a folder is no longer necessary, you may delete it.

WARNING: Deleting a folder will delete all its contents. If you have files you

want to keep, be sure to save them outside the folder before deleting.


2. Navigate to the location of the folder you want to delete 3. Right click the folder select Delete

OR Press [Delete]


4. Click YES The folder is deleted.

Working with Compressed Folders

Compressed folders allow you to condense many files into one folder so they take

up less space. For example, if you need to send many files to someone, sending

one zipped attachment can be much easier and saves more space. This document

introduces you to the processes of adding files to a compressed folder and

extracting files from it.

Adding Files to a Compressed Folder

Extracting Files from a Compressed Folder

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/exp-compress.htm - top#topAdding Files to a Compressed Folder

Compressed folders allow you to condense many files into one folder.


2. Navigate to and select the files you wish to add to the compressed folder HINTS:


To select contiguous items, hold [Shift] and click on the desired files.

To select non-contiguous items, hold [Ctrl] and click on the desired files.

3. Right click the selected files select Send To Compressed (zipped) Folder

A new compressed folder appears in the File list with the name

highlighted.

4. OPTIONAL: Type a new name for the folder 5. Press [Enter]

The compressed (zip) folder is created.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/winva/exp-compress.htm - top#topExtracting Files from a Compressed Folder

Before you can access files from the compressed folder, it is recommended that

you extract them. This decompresses them back to their original file size.

1. Using Windows Explorer, locate the compressed folder from which you want to extract files

2. Right click the folder select Extract All... The Extract Compressed (Zipped) Folders dialog box appears.

3. In the text box, type the desired location for the files to be extracted OR To find the location,

a. Click BROWSE... The Select a destination dialog box appears.

b. Navigate to and select the location c. Click OK

4. OPTIONAL: To view the files after extraction, select Show extracted files when complete

5. Click EXTRACT The files are extracted from the compressed folder.


TYPING TUTOR Typing is another important skill

that drives you to a good start in job

market and that gives you an edge

over the competitors. For typing

Improvement you must work hard to

get the advantage your start may not

be good but after regular practice

lesson in lab you will get skilled.

Minimum acceptable typing speed

hat any of employer can afford is

around 40-50 (WPM) words per

minute.


MMiiccrroossoofftt WWoorrdd 22000077

Introduction

Microsoft Word is part of the Microsoft Office. Its main function is for

producing documents that can includes text, graphics, table, clip art, etc.

The Microsoft Office Button

The Quick Access Toolbar

The Title Bar

The Ribbon


The Ruler

The Text Area


Understanding Document Views Draft View

Draft view is the most frequently used view. You use Draft view to quickly

edit your document.

Web Layout

Web Layout view enables you to see your document as it would appear in a

browser such as Internet Explorer.

Print Layout

The Print Layout view shows the document as it will look when it is

printed.

Reading Layout

Reading Layout view formats your screen to make reading your document

more comfortable.

Outline View


Outline view displays the document in outline form. You can display

headings without the text. If you move a heading, the accompanying text

moves with it.

Understanding Nonprinting Characters

Character Denotes

A tab

. A space

The end of a paragraph

Hidden text

Document Basics

Creating a New Document

Opening an Existing Document

Saving a Document

Saving in Alternate Formats

Printing a Document

Closing a Document

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/basics.htm - topCreating a New Document

Creating a New Document: Keyboard Option


1. Press [Ctrl] + [N] NOTES: A new blank document appears.

This can be done under any command tab.

Creating a New Document: Menu Option

1. From the OFFICE BUTTON , select New The New Document dialog box appears.

2. From the Blank and recent section, click BLANK DOCUMENT A new blank document appears.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/basics.htm - topOpening an Existing

Document

Follow these instructions to open already existing documents.

1. From the OFFICE BUTTON , select Open

OR Press [Ctrl]+[O]

The Open dialog box appears.

2. From the Look in pull-down list, navigate to and select the desired file


To open the file, click OPEN

The document is opened.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/basics.htm - topSaving a Document

Saving a Document: First Time

Use this option if you are saving your document for the first time or if you

are saving an already saved file under a new name.

1. From the OFFICE BUTTON , select Save As NOTE: Do not click on the side arrow as it will not allow the Save As

function to occur.


2. From the Save in pull-down list, make the appropriate selection: To save to your H: drive or another drive, select (H:) or another network

drive.

3. In the File name text box, type a filename Press [Ctrl] + [S]

OR


From the OFFICE BUTTON , select Save

OR

On the Quick Access Toolbar, click SAVE

The document is saved under the current filename.

Saving in Alternate Formats

Saving in RTF Format

Saving in Word 97-2003 Format

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/rtf.htm - top#topSaving in RTF Format

Saving your Word document in RTF (Rich Text Format) file format helps

prevent the spread of viruses. The .doc extension has been the #1 file

format for virus transmission over the past few years because it allows the

attachment of hidden macros, which may actually be viruses. RTF format

does not allow appendages such as macros, and, thus, the

document cannot contain a virus. Saving in RTF format also preserves your

document's formatting for easy transfer between different applications.


1. From the OFFICE BUTTON , click SAVE AS The Save As dialog box appears.

2. From the Save in pull-down list, navigate to the desired save location 3. In the File name text box, type the desired filename 4. Click SAVE http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/rtf.htm - top#topSaving in Word 97-2003

Format

1. From the OFFICE BUTTON , click the next to SAVE AS select Word 97-2003 Document


2. From the Save in pull-down list, navigate to the desired save location.

3. In the File name text box, type the desired filename

4. OPTIONAL: In the Save as type text box, confirm that Word 97-2003 Document is selected

5. Click SAVE Your document is saved as a Word 97-2003 document.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/basics.htm - topPrinting a Document


Printing a Document: Using Print Preview

The Print Preview feature is useful for viewing your document prior to

printing. You can also print directly from the Print Preview screen.

1. Click the OFFICE BUTTON The OFFICE BUTTON menu appears.

2. From the OFFICE BUTTON menu, click the next to PRINT The Preview and print the document submenu appears.

3. In the Preview and print the document submenu, click PRINT

PREVIEW 4. To return to your document without printing, on the Print Preview command tab, click CLOSE PRINT PREVIEW

Print Preview closes.

To print, on the Print Preview command tab, in the Print group, click

PRINT The Print dialog box appears.

5. From the Name pull-down list, select the desired printer 6. In the Page range and Copies sections, make the desired selections HINT: For more information about page range options, refer to Printing

Options for Specific Pages.

7. To print your document, click OK

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/basics.htm - topClosing a Document

Closing a Document: Continuing Word

1. From the OFFICE BUTTON , click CLOSE If you have made changes that have not been saved, a prompt appears

asking you if you want to save the document.


2. To save the document, click YES To close without saving, click NO

To continue working, click CANCEL

Closing a Document: Exiting Word

1. From the OFFICE BUTTON , click EXIT WORD

OR

Click CLOSE in the upper right corner of the Word window

If you have made changes that have not been saved, a prompt appears

asking you if you want to save the document.

2. To save any open document(s), click YES To close without saving, click NO

To continue working, click CANCEL

Editing a Document

Editing Basics

Selecting Text

Making Multiple Selections

Using Drag and Drop

Deleting Text

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/editing.htm - topEditing Basics

Using the Undo Command

Using the Undo Command: Keyboard Option

1. Press [Ctrl] + [Z] Your last action is reversed.


Using the Undo Command: Ribbon and Standard Toolbar Option

1. To undo your last action,

On the Quick Access Toolbar, click UNDO

2. To undo multiple actions, a. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click the to the right of the UNDO button

b. Select the action(s) to undo The selected action(s) are reversed.

Using the Redo Command: Ribbon and Standard Toolbar Option

1. To redo your last action,

On the Quick Access Toolbar, click REDO

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/editing.htm - topSelecting Text

Lines, Single Words, Single Paragraphs, Multiple Paragraphs,

Entire Document Press [Ctrl] + [A] All text is selected.

To deselect text:

1. Click the mouse button anywhere outside or inside the selected text area


Making Multiple Selections: Find and Replace Dialog

Box

The Multiple Selections feature can also aid you when you want to find and

select all occurrences of specific text without searching for all instances

manually.

1. From the Home command tab, in the Find group, click FIND

OR Press [Ctrl] + [F]

The Find and Replace dialog box appears.

2. Select the Find tab. 3. In the Find what text box, type the text to be selected. 4. Click FIND IN select the document area to be searched. 5. Click FIND NEXT OR Click FIND ALL 6. Click CLOSE You are returned to your document.

All occurrences of the desired text are selected.

Working with Spell Check

Activating Automatic Spell Check

Modifying the Dictionary

Correcting Spelling


http://www.uwec.edu/help/Office07/splchck.htm - top#topActivating Automatic Spell Check

1. From the Review command tab, in the Proofing group, click

SPELLING & GRAMMAR

OR Press [F7]

NOTES: The [F7] key can be used from any command tab.

The Spelling and Grammar dialog box appears.

2. In the Spelling and Grammar dialog box, click OPTIONS...

The Options dialog box appears.

3. In the Categories pane, select Proofing 4. To activate Automatic Spell Check, in the When correcting spelling

and grammar in Word section, select Check spelling as you type

NOTE: The option is selected if a checkmark appears in front of it.

5. Click OK

6. To exit the Spelling and Grammar dialog box, click CANCEL


The Formatting Palette

The Formatting Palette allows you to format your document in areas of

font, styles, alignment and spelling, bullets and numbering, borders and

shadowing, document margins, and document theme. This document

describes each of the main sections of this palette.

Font

Styles

Alignment and Spacing

Bullets and Numbering

Borders and Shading

Document Margins

Document Theme

Paragraph Formatting Options

This document will help you use paragraph formatting options to achieve a

desired look for your document.

Changing Paragraph Alignment

Adjusting Line Spacing

Adjusting Paragraph Spacing

Working with Indents

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/fmt-para.htm - top#topChanging Paragraph

Alignment

Changing Text Alignment: Write Command Tab Option

1. Select the text to be formatted


2. From the Home command tab, in the Paragraph group, click the appropriate text alignment button

Changing Text Alignment: Keyboard Option

1. Select the text to be formatted 2. To left align the paragraph press [Ctrl] + [L] To center the paragraph press [Ctrl] + [E]

To right align the paragraph press [Ctrl] + [R].To justify the paragraph

press [Ctrl] + [J]

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/fmt-para.htm - top#topAdjusting Line

Spacing

Adjusting Line Spacing: Write Command Tab Option

1. Place the insertion point in the desired paragraph 2. From the Home command tab, in the Paragraph group, click LINE

SPACING select the desired line spacing

Adjusting Line Spacing: Dialog Box Option

1. Place the insertion point in the desired paragraph 2. From the Home command tab, in the Paragraph group, click

PARAGRAPH


The Paragraph dialog box appears.

3. Select the Indents and Spacing tab 4. From the Line spacing pull-down menu, select the desired spacing 5. Click OK

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/fmt-para.htm - top#topWorking with

Indents

Working with Indents: Paragraph Dialog Box Option

1. Place the insertion point in the desired paragraph HINT: If you are adjusting more than one paragraph, select all desired

paragraphs.

2. From the Home command tab, in the Paragraph group, click

PARAGRAPH The Paragraph dialog box appears.

Working with Indents: Ruler Option


Instead of using the Paragraph dialog box, you can make indent

adjustments using the Ruler. Shown here is a graphic of the Ruler.

Page Formatting Options

Word 2007 comes with many formatting options for all types of documents.

This document describes page formatting options can affect a page, a

section, or your entire document.

Adjusting Document Margins

Numbering Pages

Inserting Page Breaks

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/pgfrmt.htm - top#topAdjusting Document Margins

The Ruler is used as a quick way to adjust margins. Margins may also be

adjusted by using a preset option provided by Word, or through the Page

Setup dialog box.

Adjusting Document Margins: Using a Margin Preset

Option


1. From the Page Layout command tab, in the Page Setup group, click

MARGINS

2. Select one of the preset margin options EXAMPLE: Wide for one-inch vertical margins and two-inch horizontal

margins

Adjusting Document Margins: Dialog Box Option

To set your own margins, use the Page Setup dialog box.

1. From the Page Layout command tab, in the Page Setup group, click

PAGE SETUP The Page Setup dialog box appears.

2. On the Margins tab, in the Margins section, adjust the margins as needed

3. Click OK


http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/pgfrmt.htm - top#topInserting Page Breaks

section breaks.

1. Place the insertion point where the new page is to be inserted 2. From the Insert command tab, within the Pages group, click PAGE

BREAK OR Press [Ctrl] + [Enter]

Removing Page Breaks

1. Select the page break 2. Press [Delete]

Printing Options for Specific Pages

At times, you may want to print only certain pages of your Word

documents. The Page From the OFFICE BUTTON , click PRINT

The Print dialog box appears.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/print.htm - top#topSpecifying the Pages to Print

1. Under Page range, select Selection


Printing All Pages of your Document

1. Under Page range, select All

Printing the Current Page

1. Under Page range, select Current page

Printing Non-Contiguous Pages

1. Under Page range, select Pages 2. Type the page numbers separated by commas

Printing a Range of Contiguous Pages

1. Under Page range, select Pages 2. Type the beginning and end page numbers separated by a hyphen

Printing a Combination of Non-Contiguous Pages and a Range

1. Under Page range, select Pages


2. Type the page numbers, separating the noncontiguous pages by commas and the range by a hyphen

Printing a Section of your Document

1. Under Page range, select Pages 2. Type s and the section number

Setting Tabs

Tab Types

Working with Tabs from the Ruler

Working with Tabs from the Tabs Dialog Box

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/tabs.htm - top#topTab Types

1. Click the TAB TYPE icon until the desired tab type is selected


2. Click TABS... The Tabs dialog box opens.

Borders and Shading Options

Borders and Shading Options: Ribbon Option

Borders and Shading Options: Dialog Box Option

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/bordshad.htm - top#topBorders and Shading Options


Table Basics

This introductory document contains information on the following:

Creating a Table

Adding Information to the Table

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/tb-bscs.htm - top#topCreating a Table

Creating a Table: Quick Tables


Word provides several preformatted tables which can easily be inserted

with the Quick Tables option.

1. Place the insertion point where you want the table to appear

2. From the Insert tab, in the Tables group, click TABLE The Table sub-menu appears.

3. Select Quick Tables select a preformatted table The preformatted Quick Table appears in your document.

4. Select the preformatted Quick Table sample text and replace it with your own

Creating a Table: Insert Option

1. Place the insertion point where you want the table to appear

2. From the Insert tab, in the Tables group, click TABLE The Table sub-menu appears.

3. Select Insert Table... The Insert Table dialog box appears.

Using the Sort Feature

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/tb-sort.htm - top#topSorting a Table


1. The Sort dialog box appears.

Working with AutoCorrect

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Word07/AUTO-correplace.htm - top#topAccessing the AutoCorrect Dialog Box

1. From the File menu, click WORD OPTIONS The Word Options dialog box opens.

2. In the Categories pane, select Proofing


3. Under AutoCorrect options, click AUTOCORRECT OPTIONS... The AutoCorrect dialog box appears.

Using Clip Art

Button Name Function

Insert Picture Inserts a picture from a file

Clip Art Opens the Clip Art task pane, which

provides offline and online searching

for clip art to add to your document.

Brightness Makes all color shades

proportionately darker or lighter

Contrast Adjusts the difference between the

darkest and lightest colors in the

object

Recolor Changes the color scheme of the

object

Compress Pictures Reduces image file size (i.e.,


compresses)

Change Picture Replace current image with another

image that you choose

Reset Picture Restores an altered image to its

original size and color scheme

Picture Shape Bounds image to a shape that you

choose

Picture Border Adds a border to your image; provides

border customization options

Picture Effects Applies image effects (e.g., shadow,

reflection, glow) that you choose

Position Contains options for arranging objects

relative to text

Bring to Front Brings an object to the front of a

group of objects; where the objects

overlap, this object will be the one

seen

Send to Back Sends an object to the back of a group

of objects; where the objects overlap,

this object will be hidden by all other

objects

Text Wrapping Provides options for alignment of text

around objects

Selection Pane Opens a pane that lets you choose

(i.e., select) from various images in

your document

Align Provides options for positioning an

object relative to other objects and/or

relative to the page. Also provides


options for showing or hiding grid

lines

Group Lets you group several selected

images or objects into one image or

object

Rotate Contains options for rotating an object

or flipping it along an axis

Crop Allows you to cut out unneeded areas

of an object

Shape Fill Changes the color within an

AutoShape

Text Box Creates a bounded box for text

Auto Thumbnail Creates a thumbnail of the selected

object

Creating Headers and Footers

1. From the Insert command tab, in the Header & Footer section, click

HEADER or FOOTER

The scroll list of preset headers or footers appears.

2. Select the desired header or footer style HINT: To start with a blank Header/Footer, select Edit Header or Edit

Footer

Header & Footer Group The Header & Footer group lets you to format the appearance of the header


or footer and/or format page numbers.


SYMBOLS:

There is an U-limited range of symbols available in different types &

styles. Select on of them and click on insert button or double click on that

symbol. It will appear at that place of document where cursor is blinking.

Different Types of Symbols

MMiiccrroossoofftt EExxcceell 22000077

Introduction .


Worksheets


Microsoft Excel consists of worksheets. Each worksheet contains columns

and rows. The columns are lettered A to Z and then continuing with AA,

AB, AC number of columns 16384 up XFD and so on; the rows are

numbered 1 to 1,048,576. The number of columns and rows you can have

in a worksheet is limited by your computer memory and your system

resources.

The Formula Bar

Formula Bar

1. Choose the View tab. 2. Click Formula Bar in the Show/Hide group. The Formula bar appears.


Worksheet Terms

Cell The intersection of a column and row. Information is stored in cells.

Cell Pointer The cell pointer is similar to Word's insertion point. It selects or marks the

current cell (where the next activity is going to take place). The Excel

pointer changes shape depending on location and corresponding function.

This document provides a table describing the various pointer shapes you

may see while working in Excel 2007/2008.

Formula A set of instructions which perform a calculation based on numbers entered

in the cell or numbers entered in other cells (referred to by cell references).

All formulas begin with the equal sign (=).

Function A pre-programmed formula. The function performs the calculation based

on the cells referenced in the function. All functions begin with the equal

sign (=).

Range A group of cells. Ranges are often referenced for formulas, printing, and

designating information to be copied or cut. Ranges can be selected by

clicking and dragging over the cells.

Row A horizontal group of cells within a worksheet.

Value A number that can be used in an Excel calculation.

Workbook A collection of worksheets contained within a single file.


Saving Your Work

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Excel07/bas-starting.htm - topOpening Excel

1. To open Excel 2007, from the Start menu, select All Programs

Microsoft Office Microsoft Office Excel 2007

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Excel07/bas-starting.htm - topCreating a

Workbook

1. In the top left corner of the Excel window, click FILE The File menu appears

2. From the File menu, select New The New Workbook dialog box appear

3. Under New Blank, double click BLANK WORKBOOK A new

workbook appears.

4. http://www.uwec.edu/help/Excel07/bas-starting.htm - topEntering Text

Excel allows you to enter text into cells.

1. Select the cell where you want to enter text 2. Type text into the cell 3. To accept the text, press [Enter] or an [Arrow] To force text to wrap at a specific point in a cell, press [Alt] + [Enter]

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Excel07/bas-starting.htm - top Entering Numbers

Numeric cells can be used for calculations and functions. A numeric cell

may contain numbers, a decimal point (.), plus (+) or minus (-) signs, and

currency ($).

1. Select the cell where you want to enter numbers


2. Type the numeric information that should be in the cell HINT: To enter a fraction, type 0 and press [Space] before the fraction;

otherwise, Excel will interpret the fraction as a date.

3. To accept the information, press [Enter] or an [Arrow] NOTES:

Excel automatically right-aligns numerical values and left-aligns text.

Do not include spaces or alphabetical characters in a calculation cell.

http://www.uwec.edu/help/Excel07/bas-starting.htm -

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