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Network ComponentsNetwork Components

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CEL 2

Objectives1. Identify the components of a network

2. State the difference between a local area network (LAN) and a wide area network (WAN)

3. State that computers in a network can share information and resources such as documents, databases, software and Printers

4. State that computers in different locations in the world are linked together to form a global network — the Internet

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Network ComponentsNetwork Components

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CEL 2

2.1 What is a Network?

Simple Definition:It is where computers or devices exchange data with one another.

Another definition:It is any collection of independent computers or devices that communicate with one another over a shared network medium.

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Network ComponentsNetwork Components

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CEL 2

2.2 Components of a Network?

A network is simply a group of devices that are inter-connected.

Some examples of these devices are:• Computers• Scanners• Printers• Modems

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Network ComponentsNetwork Components

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CEL 2

2.2 Components of a Network?

The function of a network is to pass informationbetween devices that are connected.

The network may be formed by using:• Copper cables• Radio waves• Fibre-optic cables• Infra-red rays

Purpose Examples

Communicate E-mail, chat

Share information Share files and documents

Share resources Share printers and servers

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Network ComponentsNetwork Components

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CEL 2

2.2 Components of a Network?Network Interface Cards

• It provides a connection between the network cable and the computer.

• There are also other types of devices that your computer uses to connect to a network.E.g. USB (Universal Serial Bus) modem, or a USB wireless network device.

Network Interface Card

USB modemUSB wireless network device

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Network ComponentsNetwork Components

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CEL 2

Hub

2.2 Components of a Network?

• The hub plays a role in connecting different computers together.

• All members of the network share the same media to transmit data onto a single network. This means that each member will only get a percentage of the available network bandwidth.

hub

• Bandwidth is the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted alonga channel in one second.

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Network ComponentsNetwork Components

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CEL 2

2.2 Components of a Network?Cables

• Network cables are used to connect the computers and devices together.

• These cables carry the data that is sent in the network.

Cables

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CEL 2

2.3 Types of Networks• Local Area Network (LAN)

i. Usually confined to a small geographical area

ii. Can be small (linking as few as 3 computers) or large (linking as many as a hundred computers)

• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

i. Connects 2 or more LANs

ii. Usually covers an entire metropolitan area (E.g. a large city and its suburbs)

• Wide Area Network (WAN)

i. Connects multiple LANs and MANs that are located in different places

ii. WANs can be created by connecting different LANs and MANs using data services (E.g. leased phone lines, dial-up phone lines, etc.)

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Network ComponentsNetwork Components

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CEL 2

2.2 The Internet

Definition:It is a system of networks that are linked worldwide and facilitate data and communication services.

Examples of communication services include file transfer, electronic mail (E-mail) and World Wide Web.

Internet

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CEL 2

2.2 The Internet

Definition:It is a network that contains Internet-type tools, but available only within an organisation.

Intranet

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1. A network allows computers or devices to exchange data with one another.

2. LAN, MAN, WAN

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4. The Internet is a system of networks that is linked worldwide and facilitates data communication services

3. Geographical area

Number of users Other difference

LAN Small area Does not matter -

MAN Large area Does not matter -

WAN Very large area Does not matter Requires data services to connect

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Network ComponentsNetwork Components

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CEL 2

1. A network is a collection of devices used to share information and resources.

2. There are 3 type of network: Local Area Network (LAN), Metreopolitan Area (MAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN).

3. The Internet is a network of computers at different locations around the world.

4. An intranet is a computer network within an organisation. It is like an internal Internet.

Summary