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Universidad Mariano Galvez Guatemala

PEM in English

COMPUTER LAB FINAL PROJECT

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INTEGRANTS OF THE FROJECT

FIRST SEMESTER OF P.E.M. IN ENGLISH

No. Name Card Number

1

Nury García

5176-13-10331

2

Teresita Santos

5176 -13-3319

3

Silvia González

5176-13-6579

4

Zenaida Juárez

5176-13-1611

5

Evelyn Herrera

5176-13-11165

6

Sonia Reyes

5176-13-18079

7

Nicole Frías

5176-12-12641

8

Miriam Susana Díaz

5176-13-1684

9

Vivian Yolanda Barrascout López

5176-12-21140

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INDEX

CONTENT PAGE NUMBER

Project cover ….…………….……………. 1

Integrant of the project …….………… 2

Index …………………….………… 3

Justification …………………….………… 4

General Objective ………….…………. 5

Specific Objectives …………….………. 6

Introduction ……………………….…… 7

Conclusions …………………………………. 20

Recommendations …………………………. 21

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JUSTIFICATION

Teach the Students the importance of learn the

countable and uncountable nouns in a different way,

we as educators must use a different ways to teach

our students and be sure they learn in a funny way.

This topic is important to manage because we can

use grammar correctly applying the topics that we

taught.

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SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

To provide students with the tools and ideas necessary

for the proper use of countable and uncountable

noun as well as using the correct way of these topic.

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INTRODUCTION

In English we make a basic distinction between what

are referred to as countable nouns (also sometimes

called count nouns) and uncountable nouns (also

sometimes called uncount or mass nouns).

Countable nouns represent people or things (both

abstract and concrete) which can be counted.

Uncountable nouns generally refer to things that we

don’t think of counting because they do not naturally

divide into separate units. They usually represent

substances or more abstract concepts such as

qualities or processes, rather than individual items or

events.

.

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COUNTABLE/UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

A noun can be countable or uncountable.

Countable nouns: Can be "counted", they have a

singular and plural form .

For example:

A book, two books, three books .....

An apple, two apples, three apples ....

Uncountable nouns : (also called mass nouns or

noncount nouns)

Cannot be counted, they are not seperate objects.

This means you cannot make them plural by adding -

s, because they only have a singular form. It also

means that they do not take a/an or a number in front

of them.

For example:

Water

Work

Information

Coffee

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Sand

Countable

(use a/an or a number in

front of countable nouns)

Uncountable

(there is no a/an or number

with uncountable nouns)

An Apple / 1 Apple Rice

I eat an apple every day. I eat rice every day. (not I

eat a rice every day.)

Add (s) to make a

countable noun plural

There is no plural form for

an uncountable noun

apples

rice

I eat an apple every

day. Apples are good

for you.

I eat rice every day. Rice

is good for you.

A computer= Computers

are fun.

To make uncountable

nouns countable add a

counting word, such as a

unit of measurement, or the

general word piece. We

use the form "a ....... of ......."

An elephant=Elephants

are large. Rice=a grain of rice

Water=a glass of water

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Rain=a drop of rain

Music=a piece of music

You can use some and

any with countable nouns.

Some dogs can be

dangerous.

I don't use any computers

at work.

You can use some and any

with uncountable nouns.

I usually drink some wine

with my meal.

I don't usually drink any

water with my wine.

You only use many and

few with plural countable

nouns.

So many elephants have

been hunted that they

are an endangered

species.

There are few elephants in

England.

You only use much and

little with uncountable

nouns.

I don't usually drink much

coffee.

Little wine is undrinkable

though.

You can use a lot of and

no with plural countable

nouns.

No computers were

bought last week.

A lot of computers were

reported broken the week

before.

You can use a lot of and no

with uncountable nouns.

A lot of wine is drunk in

France.

No wine is drunk in Iran.

Some mass nouns refer to groups of specific things.

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For example:-

Tables, chairs, cupboards etc. are grouped under the

mass noun furniture.

Plates, saucers, cups and bowls are grouped under

the mass noun crockery.

Knives, forks, spoons etc. are grouped under the

collective noun cutlery.

When you are travelling suitcases, bags etc. are

grouped under the mass noun luggage / baggage.

Making uncountable nouns countable

You can make most uncountable noun countable by

putting a countable expression in front of the noun.

For example:-

A piece of information.

2 glasses of water.

10 litres of coffee.

Three grains of sand.

A pane of glass.

Sources of confusion with countable and uncountable

nouns

The notion of countable and uncountable can be

confusing.

Some nouns can be countable or uncountable

depending on their meaning. Usually a noun is

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uncountable when used in a general, abstract

meaning (when you don't think of it as a separate

object) and countable when used in a particular

meaning (when you can think of it as a separate

object).

For example:-

glass - Two glasses of water. (Countable) | A window

made of glass. (Uncountable) | glasses - I wear

glasses. (Always plural)

Some supposedly uncountable nouns can behave like

countable nouns if we think of them as being in

containers, or one of several types.

This is because 'containers' and 'types' can be

counted.

Believe it or not each of these sentences is correct:-

Doctors recommend limiting consumption to

two coffees a day.

(Here coffees refers to the number of cups of coffee)

You could write; "Doctors recommend limiting

consumption to two cups of coffee a day."

The coffees I prefer are Arabica and Brazilian.

(Here coffees refers to different types of coffee)

You could write; "The types of coffee I prefer are

Arabica and Brazilian."

Some / Any / Much / Many

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Some A little, a few or small number or amount.

We usually use some in positive sentences for countable and uncountable nouns.

I have some friends in London.

I usually drink some wine with my meal.

Sometimes we use some in a question, when we expect a positive YES answer.

Would you like some more tea?

Could I have some more sugar please?

Any One, small or all. It is used with negative sentences.

When asking questions and when a sentence is grammatically positive, but the meaning of the sentence

is negative.

Do you have any ice cream left for me?

My brother never does any chores.

We use any for both countable and uncountable nouns.

Do you have any cheese?

He doesn't have any friends in Paris.

Much It is used with uncountable nouns.

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They don't have much money to buy a present.

Many It is used with countable nouns.

I don't have many English stamps in my collection.

Much and Many are used to express that there is a large quantity of something.

English exercise "Some / Any / Much / Many"

1. Did the teacher give us any homework? - Yes, but not . 2. Nick never does work. He is a very lazy boy. 3. Could you lend me fifty dollars? - No, I haven't got money. 4. She has had as success as her brother. 5. I bought bread, but I didn't buy any butter. I forgot! 6. She is a warm and friendly girl. She has so friends. 7. I've got interesting things to tell you. Let's meet at seven o'clock and I'll tell you everything. 8. How lessons do have you on Mondays? - Only three, mum. 9. Kate was very afraid of ghosts when she was little girl. 10. I didn't see white cats in the garden, only the black one. 11. dogs can be dangerous. Watch out!

Some y Any

‘Some’ y ‘any’ acompañan a los contables cuando no especificamos el número y a los sustantivos incontables (ver

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lección 18). La elección de un determinante u otro dependerá del tipo de oración.

Cuando las oraciones son afirmativas se utiliza ‘some’.

There’s some wine in the kitchen – Hay algo de vino en la cocina

I have some books in my bedrooms – Tengo algunos libros en mi habitación

Si queremos traducir ‘some’ al español podemos hacerlo como ‘algo’, ‘algún’, ‘algunos’ o ‘algunas’.

También es el equivalente a nuestros artículos indeterminados para sustantivos contables plurales:

There are some children by the door – Hay unos niños en la puerta

I see some women talking – Veo a unas mujeres hablando

‘Any’ se utiliza en frases negativas y preguntas.

There isn’t any apple juice – No hay jugo de manzana

Do you have any oranges? – ¿Tines naranjas?

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ATENCIÓN - Cuando se ofrece o se pide algo, se utiliza ‘some’ en preguntas.

Do you want some tea? – ¿Quieres té?

Can I have some beer? – ¿Me das cerveza?

Much y Many

‘Much’ y ‘many’ se utilizan para indicar una cantidad elevada. ‘Much’ se usa con sustantivos incontables y ‘many’ con contables plurales. En este caso, no se tendrá en cuenta el tipo de frase.

He doesn’t have much money – No tiene mucho dinero

She knows many people – Conoce a mucha gente

Do you have many friends? – No tiene mucho dinero

Para preguntar la cantidad de algo también se utilizan estos determinantes.

How much milk does he drink? – ¿Cuánta leche bebe?

How many chairs are there in your kitchen? –

¿Cuántas sillas hay en tu cocina?

NOTA - Otra manera de decir que hay una cantidad elevada es utilizando ‘a lot of’ delante del sustantivo. Esta expresión se puede utilizar tanto con nombres contables como incontables.

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You drink a lot of coffee! – ¡Bebes mucho café!

That house has a lot of bathrooms – Esa casa tiene muchos baños

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Conclusions

In this lesson we’ve learned Countable & Uncountable

nouns.

Now this a really important and basic area of English

grammar and in this lesson we learned 2 key rules to

remember for your speaking and writing.

Now you probably know already that countable

nouns, like "apple", can be counted. For example one

apple, two apples, three apples

- Whereas uncountable nouns, like milk, can't be

counted. So we can't say for example: one, two or

three "milks". If we want to count milk, we have to say

one or two e.g. glasses or bottles of milk.