Date post: | 28-Jan-2015 |
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Computers in the
Textiles Industry
WHAT IS A COMPUTER? A computer is a programmable machine with two principal
characteristics:
• It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner.
It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program).
MODERN COMPUTERS ARE ELECTRONIC AND DIGITAL. THEY CAN BE DESCRIBED IN TERMS
THEIR HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE.
THE MODERN COMPUTER
A COMPUTER SYSTEM
Hardware Software User
Hardware
Software
User
HARDWARE
Hardware refers to objects that you can actually touch, like disks, disk drives, display screens, keyboards,
printers, boards, and chips.
SOFTWARE Software is set of programs (which are step by
step instructions) telling the computer how to process data.
Software needs to be installed on a computer, usually from a CD.
Softwares can be divided into two groups: - System SW - Application SW
SOFTWARE (CONTD.)
System Software It controls the overall operation of the system.
It is stored in the computer's memory and instructs the computer to load, store, and execute an application.
Examples: Operating System (OS), Translators DOS, Windows, Unix etc.
SOFTWARE (CONTD..)Application Software They are Softwares written to perform specific
tasks.
The basic types of application software are: word processing, database, spreadsheet,
desktop publishing, and communication. Examples: MSOffice, Tally, MSOutlook,
ADVANTAGES OF USING COMPUTERS
Speed: Computers can carry out instructions in less than a millionth of a second.
Accuracy : Computers can do the calculations without errors and very accurately.
Diligence : Computers are capable of performing any task given to them repetitively.
Storage Capacity : Computers can store large volume of data and information on magnetic media.
HISTORY OF EVOLUTION OF COMPUTERS
Two Eras: Mechanical Era (Before 1945) Electronic Era (1945 - )
Can be divided into generations. First Generation (1945 – 1954) Second Generation (1955 – 1964) Third Generation (1965 – 1974) Fourth Generation (1975 - )
TYPES OF COMPUTERS
On the basis of Computing Power & Size: Laptop / Palmtop Micro Computer / Desktop Mini Computer / Mainframe Super Computer
COMPUTER NETWORK A Computer Network is interconnection of
Computers to share resources.
Resources can be : Information, Load, Devices etc.
BENEFITS OF COMPUTER NETWORKS
Information Sharing Device Sharing Load Sharing Mobility Fast Communication Anywhere Anytime Banking
CPU ( CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT)
• The central processing unit (CPU), also known as just a "processor”, is the "brain" of your computer.
• It contains various electronic circuits.
INPUT &OUTPUT DEVICES
VDU (MONITOR)
This is the television-like screen where the results of a computer's tasks are displayed.
Monitors come in all sizes, but most commonly they are either 15 or 17 inches (measured diagonally from one corner of the screen to the opposite corner).
KEYBOARD
The keyboard looks like a typewriter.
It contains all the letters of the alphabet, numbers and some special symbols.
It operates like a typewriter keypad, but instead of moving an arm, which strikes the paper, it sends an electronic impulse to the computer, which displays a character on the monitor.
• Its a device that is used to control the computer. A cable connects the mouse to the computer.
• When the mouse is moved on a pad, called a mouse pad, the cursor on the screen moves.
• A cursor is a small symbol displayed on the computer screen (normally a diagonal arrow that is used as a pointer) that shows you what the mouse is referencing on the screen.
MOUSE
PRINTER
A printer is designed to output information from a computer onto a piece of paper.
There are three kinds of printers: dot matrix, laser, and inkjet.
SCANNER
A scanner is a device used to copy an image off paper and convert it into a digital image, which can be saved as a computer file and stored on a hard drive.
Scanners can also use a special kind of technology called Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to read text from paper and save it as an editable document file
WHAT THESE COMPONENTS DO…
Power Supply – (heart) supplies power to all the circuitry and devices.
Motherboard – (body) acts as a manager for everything on the computer – connects all the other components together.
CPU – Central Processing Unit – (brain) this does all the work of computing.
WHAT THESE COMPONENTS DO…
RAM – Random Access Memory – (short-term memory) holds data and program instructions that the computer is currently using.
Hard Drive – (long-term memory) holds all of the information that needs to be stored between uses of the computer.
Floppy and CD-ROM drives – (mouth/ears) allow
you to give data to the computer and take data away from the computer.
WHAT THESE COMPONENTS DO…
Card Slots – (fingers) Allows other components to be added to the computer.
Video card – (face) Does all of the processing necessary to get stuff looking nice on screen, quickly.
Sound card – (vocal cords) Allows sounds from HD or CD-ROM to be played.
Network Card – (telephone) allows computer to talk to other computers over a wire.
MAJOR PERIPHERALS
Keyboard Mouse Hard Disk Floppy Disk CD ROM Printer Scanner Joystick
INTERNET
Internet is a huge network of computer networks. Internet provides many services:
Email World Wide Web (www) Remote Login (Telnet) File Transfer (FTP)
INTERNET BASED SERVICES
Email Telnet FTP Usenetnews World Wide Web (WWW)
COMPUTER APPLICATION IN APPAREL INDUSTRY
CAA CAD CAM CIM
Computer Systems
In industry, the key advantages of using computers are that they:
Provide an effective means of presentation
Reduce the time taken to create products
Improve communication
Reduce repetitive work
Decrease costs and increase efficiency
Examples of computer systems used in the textile industry include:
Computer Aided Administration (CAA) – computers are used for marketing, sales order processing and stock control.
Computer Aided Design (CAD) – computers are used for developing designs, pattern making, pattern grading, marker production and lay planning.
Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM) – computers are used for store design, lay planning and cutting, sewing and pressing.
Computer Integrated Manufacture (CIM) – a system that uses computers at every stage of planning, design and manufacture.
Electronic Point-of-Sale (EPOS) – a computerised system that speeds up sales transactions and monitors stock levels.
New Technology
Many companies take advantage of new technologies, such as:
Skype, instant messaging, video conferencing, blogging, E-retail, interactive design, networking sites, virtual imaging.
Virtual imaging can be used to show what a design will look like before it’s manufactured, for example:
•Fashion designers may use softwear like 3D Runway Designer to display their designs on virtual models
•Interior designers may use mapping softwear or specialist programs to create virtual interiors.
Examples of How computers is Used
The next two slides show how computers and other pieces of digital equipment may be used at various stages of design and manufacture.
Examples of How computers is Used
TEXTILE DESIGNING SOFTWARES
Wonderweaves Reach techonoligies Summagraphics Prostyle
GARMENT DESIGNING SOFTWARES
3D SCANNING
LASER SCANNING
PROJECTION OF WHITE LIGHT PATTERNS
IMAGE PROCESSING
WHOLE BODY MEASUREMENTS
DIGITAL TAPE
3D FIT GARMENT SIMULATION
DIMENSIONS OF THE SCANNED VIRTUAL BODY
PREPARATION THE 2D DRESS PATTERN FOR THE GARMENT SIMULATION
SIMULATION STEPS
MANNEQUIN IMPORT
DRESS STITCHING OPERATION
VIRTUAL MODELLING
DRAPING SIMULATION
CLOTH SIMULATION
CAM FOR APPAREL INDUSTRY
Plotting Spreading Cutting Sewing/Assembling Surface ornamentation
CIM FOR APPAREL INDUSTRY
CAD/CAM (Computer-aided design/Computer-aided manufacturing)
CAPP, (Computer-aided process planning)
ERP (Enterprise resource planning)
CAQ (Computer-aided quality assurance)