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Computers:Tools for an Information Age
Chapter 14Systems Analysis and Design:The Big Picture
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Objectives
Define the terms “system,” “analysis,” and “design”Describe the principal functions of the systems analystList and describe the phases of the systems development life cycleDescribe the various data-gathering and analysis tools
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Objectives
Describe a selection of systems design toolsExplain the concept of prototypingExplain the role of the maintenance task in the systems development life cycle
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Computer Systems
System – an organized set of related components established to accomplish a certain task Computer system – a system that has
a computer as one of its components
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Systems Analysis
Studying an existing system to determine how it works and how it meets users’ needs Typically happens as a result of some
impetus for change, combined with the authority to make the change
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Systems Design
The process of developing a plan for an improved system, based on the result of the systems analysis
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Individuals Involved in Systems Analysis
Systems analyst – performs analysis and design May perform some programming as
well
Client – the person or organization contracting to have the work doneUser – the people who will have contact with the system
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A Change Agent
The catalyst or persuader who overcomes the reluctance to change within an organizationSystems analyst can function as change agent, but it works best if it is someone inside the organization The common term for this is user
involvement
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What It Takes to Be a Systems Analyst
Coordination of many people, tasks, and schedulesCommunication, both oral and writtenPlanning and designSpecific personal qualities
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The Systems Development Life Cycle
Preliminary investigationAnalysisDesignDevelopmentImplementation