Computers13 Ch6

Mongolia International University

Storage and Storage and MultimediaMultimedia

Chapter 6Chapter 6

B.M.HB.M.H

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IndexIndex

Magnetic Tape StorageMagnetic Tape Storage Optical Disk StorageOptical Disk Storage MultimediaMultimedia

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Secondary StorageSecondary Storage

Magnetic storageMagnetic storage Disk storageDisk storage

Floppy disk Hard disk

Tape storageTape storage

Optical storageOptical storage CDCD DVDDVD

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Magnetic disk storageMagnetic disk storage

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Magnetic Tape StorageMagnetic Tape Storage

Plastic tape with a magnetic coating Plastic tape with a magnetic coating Looks like the tape used in music cassettesLooks like the tape used in music cassettes

Magnetic mediaMagnetic media Data is stored as extremely small magnetic Data is stored as extremely small magnetic

spotsspots

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FormForm ½-inch-wide tape wound on a reel½-inch-wide tape wound on a reel ¼-inch-wide in data cartridges and ¼-inch-wide in data cartridges and

cassettescassettes Tapes like ordinary music cassettesTapes like ordinary music cassettes

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CapacityCapacity Expressed in terms of Expressed in terms of densitydensity

: which is the number of characters per inch (cpi) or bytes per inch (bpi) that can be stored on the tape

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The primary role of tape, todayThe primary role of tape, today An inexpensive backup mediumAn inexpensive backup medium

Because disks are the superior storage medium Quite reliable within as sealed module Can be accessed directly, in contrast to sequential data on

tape

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Backup SystemsBackup Systems

The causes of loss of data on a hard The causes of loss of data on a hard diskdisk Physical damage Physical damage

from fire and natural disasters Electromechanical failuresElectromechanical failures Errors introduced by usersErrors introduced by users Errors introduced by software Errors introduced by software

Backup is vitalBackup is vital

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Backup SystemBackup System

A way of storing data in more than one A way of storing data in more than one place to protect it from damage and place to protect it from damage and errorserrors

The primary storage for backupThe primary storage for backup Magnetic tapeMagnetic tape

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Backup SystemBackup System

Tape backup systemTape backup system Copying all data from hard disk to a single Copying all data from hard disk to a single

tape in minutestape in minutes Can be scheduled to take place when you do Can be scheduled to take place when you do

not use the computernot use the computer Tape cartridges with more than 10GB Tape cartridges with more than 10GB

available at reasonable cost

CD-R, and CD RW media for backupCD-R, and CD RW media for backup Limited to storing less than 1GB of dataLimited to storing less than 1GB of data

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Optical disk storageOptical disk storage

Stores data as microscopic light and Stores data as microscopic light and dark spots on the disk surfacedark spots on the disk surface The dark spots The dark spots

Called pits Represent as the 1s

The lighter, non-pitted surface areas The lighter, non-pitted surface areas Called lands Represent as the 0s

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TechnologyTechnology: A laser hits a layer of metallic material spread over : A laser hits a layer of metallic material spread over

the surface of a diskthe surface of a disk To write dataTo write data

Heat from the laser produces tiny spots, or pits, on the disk surface

To read dataTo read data The laser scans the disk, and a lens picks up light reflections

from the spots

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AdvantageAdvantage Inexpensive and Inexpensive and compact storagecompact storage with with

greater capacitygreater capacity Less affected to environmental damageLess affected to environmental damage than than

magnetic mediamagnetic media

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Optical storage Optical storage technologytechnology

CategoryCategory: According to its read/write capability: According to its read/write capability Read-onlyRead-only media media WORMWORM media media MOMO media media

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Read-onlyRead-only media media Recorded by the manufacturerRecorded by the manufacturer Can be read from by the userCan be read from by the user

but not written to by the user Used to supply softwareUsed to supply software

not for user’s files

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WORMWORM media media: Write-Once, Read-Many : Write-Once, Read-Many May be written to onceMay be written to once Once filled, it becomes a read-only mediumOnce filled, it becomes a read-only medium Nonerasaible Nonerasaible Used for secure storage of original versions Used for secure storage of original versions

of valuable documents or dataof valuable documents or data

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MOMO media media: Magneto-Optical: Magneto-Optical Hybrid type of disk : Combines the best Hybrid type of disk : Combines the best

features of magnetic and optical disk features of magnetic and optical disk technologiestechnologies

Has the high-volume capacity of an optical disk Can be written over like a magnetic disk

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TypesTypes CD: CD: CCompact ompact DDisksisks DVD : DVD : DDigital igital VVersatile ersatile DDisksisks

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Compact disksCompact disks

Technology Technology An optical technology that uses the same An optical technology that uses the same

media used for audio CDsmedia used for audio CDs

Computer CD drives Computer CD drives Can play audio CDs, with the proper Can play audio CDs, with the proper

softwaresoftware

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TypesTypes; according to the ability to read and write; according to the ability to read and write CD-CD-ROMROM CD-CD-RR CD-CD-RWRW

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CD-CD-ROMROM: Compact Disk Read-Only Memory: Compact Disk Read-Only Memory Storage : up to 700 megabytes per diskStorage : up to 700 megabytes per disk Format : identical to that of audio CDFormat : identical to that of audio CD The primary medium for SW distributionThe primary medium for SW distribution

CD-ROM driveCD-ROM drive Capable only of reading data from CDsCapable only of reading data from CDs

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CD-CD-R R : Compact Disk-Recordable: Compact Disk-Recordable Permits writing just once on optical diskPermits writing just once on optical disk Requires a CD-R drive, special CD-R disks Requires a CD-R drive, special CD-R disks

and the CD-R softwareand the CD-R software Once written on, it can be read also by CD-Once written on, it can be read also by CD-

ROM drive, not only CD-RROM drive, not only CD-R

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CD-CD-RW RW : Compact Disk-ReWritable: Compact Disk-ReWritable Allow to erase and record over data multiple Allow to erase and record over data multiple

timestimes Requires a CD-RW drive, special CD-RW Requires a CD-RW drive, special CD-RW

disks and the CD-RW softwaredisks and the CD-RW software Most of today’s optical drives now read CD-Most of today’s optical drives now read CD-

RW disksRW disks

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Digital Versatile DiskDigital Versatile Disk

Originally Originally DDigital igital VideoVideo DDiskisk Technology Technology

A variation of CD technology that was A variation of CD technology that was designed to provide enough storage designed to provide enough storage capacity for a full-length moviecapacity for a full-length movie

Uses a laser with a shorter wavelengthUses a laser with a shorter wavelength permitting it to read more densely packed spots thus increasing the disk capacity

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DVDDVD

TypesTypes DVD-DVD-ROMROM DVD-DVD-RAMRAM DVD+DVD+RWRW

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DVD-ROMDVD-ROM

CapacityCapacity Single-sided : up to 4.7-gigabyteSingle-sided : up to 4.7-gigabyte

Double-layered DVD : about 8.5-GB Double-sided : to 17-GBDouble-sided : to 17-GB

Diskette (*450) << CD-ROM (*7) < DVD-ROMDiskette (*450) << CD-ROM (*7) < DVD-ROM

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DVD-ROMDVD-ROM

Used for holding moviesUsed for holding movies Exquisite sound, full-length moviesExquisite sound, full-length movies

Suited for distributing large multimedia Suited for distributing large multimedia applicationsapplications Games, encyclopedias, maps, and telephone Games, encyclopedias, maps, and telephone

number databasesnumber databases Require a DVD driveRequire a DVD drive

Also can read data from CD-ROM, CD-R and Also can read data from CD-ROM, CD-R and CD-RWCD-RW

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DVD-RAMDVD-RAM

WritableWritable version of DVD version of DVD Stores 5.2-GB on a double-sided diskStores 5.2-GB on a double-sided disk Readable only by DVD-RAM drivesReadable only by DVD-RAM drives

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DVD+RWDVD+RW

Technology very similar to CD-RWsTechnology very similar to CD-RWs DVD-RAM and DVD+RW technologies DVD-RAM and DVD+RW technologies

are not compatibleare not compatible Disks created by a DVD-RAM drive cannot Disks created by a DVD-RAM drive cannot

be used in a DVD+RW drive, and vice versabe used in a DVD+RW drive, and vice versa

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MultimediaMultimedia

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MultimediaMultimedia

Requires Requires soundsound and and graphicsgraphics capabilitycapability

EquipmentEquipment CD-ROM or DVD-ROM driveCD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive Sound cardSound card or sound chip or sound chip

Speakers Headphones Microphone

Graphics cardGraphics card Speedy processor chipSpeedy processor chip

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Multimedia Equipment Multimedia Equipment

CD-ROM or DVD-ROM driveCD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive To access audio and software CD/DVD-ROMsTo access audio and software CD/DVD-ROMs Multimedia elements had better be stored Multimedia elements had better be stored

on a CD-ROM /DVD-ROM than on a hard diskon a CD-ROM /DVD-ROM than on a hard disk For the amounts of the multimedia data are huge Insert only when user want to access them

The higher the drive speed, The higher the drive speed, the faster the transfer of data and the smoother the video showing on the screen

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Multimedia EquipmentMultimedia Equipment

Sound cardSound card Gives a computer the capability to record Gives a computer the capability to record

and play sound filesand play sound files Contains connectors to attach speakers, Contains connectors to attach speakers,

headphones and a microphoneheadphones and a microphone High-performance sound cardHigh-performance sound card

include circuitry for special audio effects such as 3-D sound

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The quality of speakers and The quality of speakers and headphonesheadphones Affect the quality of the sound that user Affect the quality of the sound that user

hearshears

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SpeakerSpeaker Inexpensive oneInexpensive one

Provide basic radio-quality sound Top-qualityTop-quality

Boosts the bass sound and screens out background noise

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HeadphoneHeadphone Inexpensive oneInexpensive one

Can be used from a portable CD player Better-qualityBetter-quality

Produce clearer sound

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Microphone Microphone Basic Basic

Suitable for voice recording and dictation ProfessionalProfessional

For recording instrumental music and vocals

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Graphics cardGraphics card Takes signals from the processor and uses Takes signals from the processor and uses

them to “paint” an image on the screenthem to “paint” an image on the screen Provides a connection for the monitor’s data Provides a connection for the monitor’s data

cablecable ““accelerated” graphics cards accelerated” graphics cards

equipped with circuitry that optimizes to display videos

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Processor Processor should quickly handle the huge amount of digital should quickly handle the huge amount of digital

data for multimediadata for multimedia The faster the processor, the more data it can The faster the processor, the more data it can

process each secondprocess each second ; the better multimedia quality; the better multimedia quality

smooth video sequences a sound track perfectly coordinated with the action

Processor chips Processor chips with Intel’s MMX or AMD’s 3DNow! with Intel’s MMX or AMD’s 3DNow!

Enhance a computer’s multimedia performance

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Date post:	28-Jan-2015
Category:	Technology
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