Concept of Chandigarh

7/27/2019 Concept of Chandigarh

1/30


2/30

1

CONCEPT NOTE ON CHANDIGARH& ITS REGION

1. Historical Background

Soon after

Partition,

the

need

of

a new

Capital

for

the

State

of

Punjab

was

felt.

About 70 sq. km. of land between the rivulets PatialaChoe and SukhnaChoe were acquired

as per a Master Plan developed by Le Corbusier which had a number of control mechanisms

such as architectural control, frame control, advertisement control and zoning to regulate

development.

In 1966, Punjab State was reorganized and Chandigarh became the Capital of Punjab

& Haryana having an area of 70 sq. km. and 26 adjoining villages with an area of 44 sq. km. a total of 114 sq. km. The reorganization led to building of new towns in the adjoining States

like SAS Nagar (Mohali) and Panchkula and hence, the need for co ordination in

development with the States of Punjab and Haryana was felt.

Due to large scale urbanization in and around Chandigarh, a number of planned

interventions have already come up apart from SAS Nagar(Punjab), Panchkula

(Haryana),Mansa Devi (Haryana) and Chandimandir Cantonment. These developments, by

and large, may be seen as a fall out of the pressure on Chandigarh which has come up in a

planned manner, however, around Chandigarh and within the periphery control area

developments have come up in haphazard manner. It was also desired that these were to be

contained and the future urbanizable area needs to be developed in a planned and orderly

manner in consonance with the overall urban character of Chandigarh.

2. Legislative Framework for Planned Development of Chandigarh UT

The Punjab New Capital (Periphery) Control Act, 1952

Ever since, Chandigarh was planned, designed and implemented in the early fifties,

there were concerns for the planned and regulated development around the city.

The Periphery Control Act viz., Punjab New Capital (Periphery) Control Act, 1952 was

enacted in order to control haphazard development around Chandigarh. The Act

extended to the area within a distance of 5 miles (8 km) on all sides from the outer


3/30

2

boundary of the land acquired for Chandigarh. Subsequently, the Act was amended

in 1957 & 1962 to enlarge the periphery to cover an area upto 10 miles (16 km).

The Capital of Punjab (Development and Regulation) Act, 1952 (Punjab Act No. 27 of 1952)

While the construction of the New Capital of Punjab at Chandigarh was in progress,

it was considered necessary to vest with the State Government legal authority to

regulate the sale of building sites and to promulgate building rules on the lines of

Municipal Byelaws so long as a properly constituted local body does not take over

the administration of the city. The Act, extends to the City of Chandigarh and covers the areas of the site of the

Capital of Punjab as notified by the Government of Punjab before 1st November,

1966 and to such areas as may be notified by the Central Government from time to

time.

As far as Chandigarh UT is concerned, there is no comprehensive Town and

Country Planning Act. In the absence of enabling legislation a statutory Master

Plan for Chandigarh UT has not yet been prepared.

3. Review of Efforts of Planned Development of Chandigarh

Le Corbusier Plan

Le

Corbusiers

Plan

is

perceived

more

as

a

plan

with

strong

architectural

connotations. Strictly speaking the plan is not a typical Master Plan which gives the details

of existing sector wise situational analysis, existing and proposed landuse analysis and

detailed assessment of infrastructure facilities and services. The planning of Chandigarh is a

departure from the way Indian cities had been planned and developed in the past.

Le Corbusiers layout of the city conformed to the CIAMs Charter of Athens Analogy

of Human Organism incorporating elements of living, work, culture and leisure. The plan


4/30

3

was prepared for an ultimate population of 5 lakh to be developed in two phases. Sector1 to

30 as first phase and sectors 31 to 47 as second phase.

Chandigarh has been planned with focus on urban design, architectural aesthetics, preservation of natural environment, conservation of buildings and open spaces,

hierarchical road network with large roundabouts etc. However, keeping in view the

changing scenario in terms of development of Chandigarh and its surroundings, its

population growth rate has exceeded 4 % during 1981 91 and 1991 2001 and the city has

crossed the million plus mark and has a population of 10.05 lakh in 2011 signifying slowing

down the population with decadal growth rate of 17%(2001 2011) .

With the limited area of 114 sqkm, it is anticipated that inspite of slowing down of

population growth, there would be tremendous pressure on infrastructure/ facilities which

was not visualized at the time of Le Corbusier Plans as the same was planned for an

ultimate population of 5 Lakh. The Plan did not take into consideration the dynamics of

urban change and spillover of the developments beyond the city limits.

Chandigarh was planned as low rise, low density, dividing the human functions into

work, living and leisure, and the city with its strict zoning reflects this. This was against the

psyche of urban dwellers of the traditional Indian cities which used to be characterized by

an inner (old) city followed by the expansion/ accretion of the city limits which came up in a

somewhat planned manner. Le Corbusier replaced the native Indian town plan with

superblocks totally divorced from ideas about complex and vibrant Indian cities.

The Plan catered largely to the administrative needs of the Capital of Punjab and

Haryana after 1966. Initially, it never had its own economic base and could not develop as a

hub of industry or a trading centre. However, with ample government grants/funds being

available on account of its Union Territory status, Chandigarh was able to retain its

architectural ambience and as such it never had problems of provision of infrastructure and

basic services.


5/30

4

65% of the total area of Chandigarh is under residential and commercial use. It

eventually emerged as an individualistic city that catered only to the residents within the

city rather than having effective connectivity with the surrounding towns. Le Corbusiers

Plan was intra city centric and did not emphasize on the inter city linkages.

Le Corbusier thought of regulated development in and around the periphery of

Chandigarh and perceived a 16 km periphery (earlier 8 km) which he envisaged as green

buffer. However, with limited geographical spread of 114 sq km, the city is unable to take on

the burden of the influx of migrants and hence in the absence of effective enforcement in

the periphery, the area has witnessed growth and unplanned development virtually

contrary to the planning principles of Chandigarh.

Chandigarh, being one of the well planned cities also did not take into consideration the

needs of the informal sector and slums. The way it was planned, it was never thought, that

the city may encounter the problem of slums. LeCorbusiers vision of Chandigarh could not

have included new Sectors 48 to 56, the township of Manimajra and slums that came up

due to increase in number of migrants to the city.

Le Corbusier planning has put Planners in a dilemma, whether it would be

appropriate to change the cityscape or to retain its character. The Periphery Control Act,

1952 and The Building Regulations, 1952, were framed to ensure that Chandigarh grew

systematically. However, with numerous amendments, construction activities increased and

residents resorted to transformation not necessarily in consonance with the Le Corbusier

Plan. Further, in order to accommodate changes and increased infrastructure burden, any

attempt to widen the existing roads, redesigning the rotaries to take care of traffic volume,

allowing construction of additional floors and group housing (apartments) and proposing

Mass Rapid Transit System may not only permanently alter the cityscape but also the city

may lose its original built form .

(The Plan prepared by Le Corbusier is given at Annexure III)


6/30

5

3.1 Constitu tion of Coordination Commit tee

To guide and channelize the growth of Chandigarh and the urban centres

coming up in its neighbourhood, the Government of India set up a Coordination Committee

on 26th July, 1975. The Composition of the Committee was:

1. Secretary, Ministry of Works and Housing Chairman

2 General Officer in Command, 2 Corps, Member Ministry of Defense

3. Chief Commissioner, Chandigarh Member

4. Chief Secretary, Punjab Member

5. Chief Secretary, Haryana Member

The terms of t he reference of the Coordination Committee are:

a) To study the development plans of the Union Territory of Chandigarh andthose of Mohali and Panchkula townships and to suggest measures for coordinated development of region;

b) to assess the impact of the development programmes already implementedand those being implemented in the two townships; on the development of the region as a whole and to suggest remedial measures to be taken by theState Governments and the Union Territory; and

c) to prepare an outline regional plan for Chandigarh and the urban areas fallingwithin its zone of influence.

So far 22meetings of the Coordination Committee have been held since 1975. The

last meeting of the Committee was held on 1 st September, 2011 . Until now the role of Co-

ordination Committee has been more of an advisory nature to co-ordinate amongst the

States and UT.


7/30

6

Inter State Regional Plan for Chandigarh Region 2001

The Inter State Regional Plan for Chandigarh Region(ISCR2001) was prepared by

TCPO in 1984 based on the outcome of the Fourth Coordination Committee meeting held on 22nd May, 1979. The Committee felt that there was a need for structuring a Regional

Plan for Chandigarh Inter State Region (Chandigarh ISR) and to give a statutory shape to the

exercise. A Working Group was constituted in 1981 under the Chairmanship of Chief

Planner, TCPO for its formulation. An Interim Report of the Chandigarh ISR Plan prepared by

the Working Group was presented in the 7th Coordination Committee meeting held on 1st

March, 1983. In this meeting a broad consensus was arrived at on adoption of the Regional

Plan, which has to form the basis for preparation of more detailed Regional Plans by the respective State Governments and the UT of Chandigarh.

Highlights:

Inter State Regional Plan covered the UT Chandigarh and areas around it comprising

of Rupnagar and Patiala districts in Punjab, Ambala district in Haryana and Solan district in

Himachal Pradesh.

The total area of the ISCR 2001 was 2421.3 sqkm with an average radius of about 35 km from the core of Chandigarh (Chandigarh UT + Chandigarh Urban Complex + 16 Km radius Periphery control Area + Some portions beyond the 16 km radius in Punjab, Haryana and HP).

(the ISCR2001 Plan is given at Annexure IV)

The ISCR 2001 covered the following: (i) Delineation of Region

(ii) Socio Economic status of the Region and Levels of Development

(iii) Settlement Pattern (iv) Regional problems and limitations (v) Growth potentials (vi) Regional Development policy and control (vii) Regional Development strategy (viii) Development Action programmes and priorities (ix) Financial outlay


8/30

7

ISR Plan 2001, as a policy framework stressed on the integrated and co ordinated development in the entire region and recommended policies pertaining to :

a) Industrial development b) Rural development c) Trade and Commerce d) Decentralization of Government and Semi government offices

from Chandigarh e) Conservation of Environment and Ecology f) Housing

ISR Plan 2001 as a part of Regional Development Strategy, recommended the following settlement hierarchy which were to be developed as per their potential:

Orders Settlement Units Numbers First Order Chandigarh Urban Complex 1 Second Order Regional Towns 10 Third Order Sub Regional Towns 4 Fourth Order Growth Centres 10 Fifth Order Sub Growth Centres 10 Sixth Order Focal Villages Seventh Order Basic Villages

ISCR 2001 was advisory in nature. The Plan was not implemented as there

was no enabling provision for notification and implementation of Regional Plan. Hence, the plan was a non starter.


9/30

8

Chandigarh Inter State Metropolitan Regional Plan 2021 (CISMeR):

The Chandigarh Inter State Metropolitan Region Plan 2021 was prepared by Prof.

E.F.N Ribeiro. In the 14th meeting of the Coordination Committee, a presentation of this

was made by Prof. Ribeiro, which highlighted the need for preparing a Plan in the metropolitan context. However, there was no further follow up in the matter subsequent to

the 14th meeting of the Coordination Committee.

Highlights

Chandigarh Inter State Metropolitan Region Plan proposed development in Six Layers.

Layer Area Constituents Remarks

Layer I 43 sqkm Phase I: Sector 130 Original planned and designed part of Chandigarh

Layer II 27 sqkm Phase II: Sector 31 47 Original planned but not designed part of Chandigarh

Layer III 44 sqkm Sector 48 56 Part of old 8Km peripheral belt of 1952Layer IV 435 sqkm Chandigarh Metropolitan Complex Outside Layer IIII in lieu of the 1975

Chandigarh Urban Complex outside Chandigarh UT in Punjab and Haryana.

Layer V 613 sqkm 16 km Peripheral Control belt in Haryana and Punjab

Outside Layer IIV

Layer VI 4158 sqkm Radius of 50 km beyond layer I&II 10 tehsils (4 in Punjab, 3 in Haryana & 3 in Himachal Pradesh

Total Area

5702 sqkm Layer IVI

The total area of the CISMeR 2021 was proposed as 5702 sqkm.

CISMeR 2021, Proposals for development:

Layer Designed for Population Planning and development proposalLayer I 3 lakh Layer I to be preserved as per its original character Layer II 5 lakh Layer II to be preserved as per its original character, however 4

urbanised villages are to be included

Layer III 13 lakh Layer I + II + III planned development to accommodate 13 lakh population by 2021

Layer IV 12 lakh Punchkula + Mansadevi + Mohali + Kharar Layer V 16 km Peripheral Control belt in Haryana and Punjab Layer VI Around 38 lakh by 2021 Outside Periphery Control Area of 16 kms

CISMeR 2021 broadly comprised of three integrated plans: a) A concept (advocacy) plan for proposed CISMeR (4158.17 sqkm) Plan A1 b) A Structure plan for the proposed Chandigarh Metropolitan Complex (CMC)

within CISMeR (435.00 sqkm) Plan B1 c) Abroad Landuse Plan for Chandigarh UT outside its identified Master Plan

Area but within CMC (44 sqkm) Plan C1 (the CISMeR2021 Plan is given at Annexure V)


10/30

9

CISMeR aimed at preserving and protecting the city of Chandigarh through planned

interventions in surrounding areas. It envisaged Chandigarh to emerge as a major

metropolitan magnet with national and international linkages. In the long run, it is essential

that planned development of the periphery and areas beyond should also be undertaken and the entire Chandigarh Inter state Metropolitan Region needs to emerge as a region

which not only ensures generating economic momentum but redistribution of

population,employment and development of villages and small and medium towns.

However, some points need to be highlighted in respect of CISMeR.

The CISMeRPlan would be feasible only if it takes into account the ground realities

and the needs/ requirements of the UT of Chandigarh and the surrounding states of Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh. The entire region poses complex and dynamic issues which

do not provide a simple and singular solution. Therefore, the plan must lay emphasis on the

optimum development of the entire region, so that over a period of time, the adjoining

towns of Punjab Haryana and Himachal Pradesh attain such status which is at par with

Chandigarh.

It has been mentioned in the CISMerPlan, that the population of northern sectors

(Layer I) shall be 2.5 3.0 Lakh by 2021 and the corresponding population in the southern

sectors (Layer II) shall be 2.5 5 Lakh. This is doubtful, whether the re densification of the

Layer II to such an extent would be desirable as there already exists a higher level of

population density in this area. This may lead to excessive burden on the infrastructure of

Mohali. Further, the location of the rehabilitation colonies in the border sectors of

Chandigarh adjoining Mohali is bound to adversely affect the developed sectors.

The CISMeR Plan suggests that a new settlement with a population of 2 lakh may be

developed in Siswan region. In this context, it may be mentioned that the region falls in

ecologically sensitive area. Hence, the location of new settlement may lead to ecological

imbalance.


11/30

10

The Plan also focuses on the agricultural zone on the west side bordering UT

Chandigarh. However, this zone is highly prone to haphazard and unplanned growth. Hence,

steps need to be taken for planned urban development.

It has been mentioned that the areas on the west and north west of Chandigarh are

highly fertile and not appropriate for urbanization. However, before going for planned

urbanization it is essential to ascertain barren or waste land which is not used for cultivation

and which may be considered for planned urbanization.

The layer concept as advocated by CISMeR Plan may be too simplistic to offer a

solution and may not be in consonance with the ground realities. In fact the objective should be to integrate the existing development and provide grounds for planned growth of

the region with a complete consensual framework which should take care of infrastructure

needs particularly in terms of transport and communication network.

The CISMeR Plan should have included carrying capacity of the entire region and

how the population redistribution shall take place among the other settlements in the

region so as to ultimately reduce the burden on Chandigarh.

The growth of urban settlements is a real time phenomenon and the development of

the same is perceived as centers of employment generation. Inmigration to these centers is

also a reality. As proposed in the CISMeR Plan, the periphery is to be used only for

agricultural purposes; this may not augur well with the planned development and may be

vulnerable to haphazard growth, encroachment and unauthorized development. Thus, there

is a need to create and upgrade infrastructure facilities with low density of population

without compromising environmental considerations and large scale conversion of fertile

land.

CISMer Plan has mentioned about the effective transportation links with Chandigarh

to all the settlements of the region. In this regard, it may be mentioned that a plan for ring

road around

Chandigarh

may

be

taken

up

to

by

pass

the

through

traffic.


12/30

11

Chandigarh has always been seen as planned city. Le Corbusiers vision did not

include new sectors of 48 to 56 and physical development beyond the periphery. Hence a

Regional Plan exercise should be undertaken on the lines of the National Capital Regional

Plan and there is a need for institutional mechanisms to manage and coordinate development. This ought to have formed part of CISMeR Plan.

The basic approach of Chandigarh being treated as a metropolis and then suggesting

a regional strategy to achieve the objective of decentralized planned growth of entire

hinterland needs a review. Judging from the success / failure of NCR plan, CISMeR should

have suggested strategies for balanced regional development.

Suggesting concept of layers may also lead to stratification of development of the

city and region. However, the growth of Chandigarh and the surrounding towns needs to be

seen as an integrated urban agglomeration.

Housing 5 lakh population in layer III will involve a very high density and may not be

sustainable unless the periphery is urbanized. Further, assigning 2.5 lakh population in

Sectors 48 56 appears to be on a high side. It would make this part of Chandigarh highly

congested; devoid of basic of amenities and facilities. The population assignment for various

layers needs to be reworked.

The CISMeR Plan basically reflects the issue of growth and development of the

region in the physical terms only. It does not reflect the financial implications of

implementing the proposal in broad terms and also mechanisms for resource generation to

meet the objectives of this CISMeR Plan. Hence, it needs to reflect the magnitude of

financial outlays for making it more comprehensive.

CISMeR Plan does not take in to account the impact of growth and development due

to the policy decisions of the State Governments to develop free enterprise zone, industrial

complexes and SEZs, etc. An impact assessment analysis needs to be done on account of

new developments

coming

up

in

and

around

Chandigarh.


13/30

12

The concept of urbanizing villages falling within the Master Plan area needs to be

critically reviewed due to massive uncontrolled, unauthorized and haphazard development

in these villages. Development in these villages needs to be brought within the overall

development framework with the rules for development clearly defined.

Evolving a physical framework for integrated planned growth and development for

Chandigarh, SAS Nagar and Panchkula would be crucial in view of the linkages, housing,

infrastructure and high degree of interdependence of these settlements. Future urban

structure and population of these settlements needs clear definition in order to avoid

unlimited growth of the core area.

The CISMeR Plan was submitted by Prof. Riberio in 2000, however, there was no

further follow up.


14/30

. Enabli

C

ng Legisl

OMPARATIV

tive Prov

STATEMEN

ision for

OF PROVISI

13

reparati

N FOR PREP

n of Ma

ARATION OF

ter/Regi

REGIONAL P

nal Plan

AN/ MASTE

PLAN


15/30

14

5.0 Need for an Inter State Region Plan for Chandigarh

In order to ensure orderly and planned development in Chandigarh and its periphery

and the region beyond the periphery, there is utmost need to prepare an Inter State Region Plan for Chandigarh Region. Barring, the Punjab Regional and Town Planning Development

Act, 1995 there is no provision for preparation of regional plan in the legislative framework

for planned development in Chandigarh or Haryana.

Chandigarh U.T. presents few options for development of residential areas and other

areas generating economic activities. One possibility may be re densification of certain

areas to accommodate the future population in U.T. However, any re densification policy

should not compromise with overall low rise low density development pattern and

architectural character of the city.

In view of this, the periphery has not only to absorb population pressure but also

infrastructure burden. Due to ineffective enforcement, barring Mohali and Panchkula, many

settlements have come up in an unplanned manner. In order to ensure sustainable

development of the Chandigarh periphery, it would be imperative that the development

strategies need to be drawn up at regional level much beyond the areas of periphery.

The Inter State Region Plan for Chandigarh has to be prepared to achieve balanced

and sustainable integrated development which should focus on connectivity / transport

linkages between the towns in the region, land use policies, carrying capacity,

environmental

conservation,

disaster

management

and

financial

and

institutional

framework. The inter state regional plan may be prepared for a 20 year perspective.


16/30

15

5. Modalities

The Inter State Region Plan of Chandigarh would cut across the boundaries of

Chandigarh UT, Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh. Hence, formulating the same on the lines of the National Capital Region Plan is desirable. In order to enable this, following

actions and initiatives need consideration:

S.No. Action Initiative

1. Enactment of Chandigarh

Region Planning Act

Chandigarh Administration needs to prepare draft Bill and

send to Ministry of Home Affairs, for consideration.

2. Constitution of Chandigarh

Region Planning Board

Once the Bill is considered and cleared by Parliament, after

obtaining the consent of the State Legislative Assemblies of Haryana, Punjab and Himachal Pradesh, the UT of Chandigarh

Administration needs to constitute Chandigarh Region

Planning Board on the lines of National Capital Region

Planning Board with sound professional set up.

3. Preparation of Chandigarh

Region Plan

The Chandigarh Region Plan will have to be prepared as per

the provisions of Chandigarh Region Planning Act. Further the

issue of downward linkages upto the Gram Panchayat level will

have to be addressed by constituting District Planning

Committee and preparation of Draft District Development

Plans of the districts within the Region.

4. Implementation of Chandigarh

Region Plan

The States of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and UT

Administration of Chandigarh shall implement the proposals of

the Region Plan and accordingly monitor progress.

6. Terms of Reference for Preparation of Chandigarh Inter State Region Plan 2031.

The broad terms of reference for preparation of Chandigarh Inter State Regional

Plan 2031 may be as under:

(i) To delineate the Inter State Chandigarh Region and assess the development

pattern.

(ii) To assess t he physical base, economic base, demographic pattern, settlement

pattern and availability of physical and social infrastructure.


17/30

16

(iii) To carry out Land Suitability Analysis for urban development and to assess the land

availability for perspective year for various uses. Landuse a such as conservation

areas (Natural and Man made including heritage sites), prime agricultural areas for

food security and agrarian economy, environmentally sensitive areas, waste land, etc. to be identified and after this development may be proposed in the Region

depending upon the requirement and potential for development.

(iv) To examine the transportation needs and recommend the strategies for the

reliable, efficient and seamless transport network for the Region

(v) To integrate infrastructure requirement and environment concerns together with

landuse pattern and transportation.

(vi) To identify appropriate policy zones based on the predominant economic activities and potential in the region and sub regions

(vii) To recommend suitable strategies for the sustainable development of the region

based on population forecasting and assessment of the regional infrastructure

requirements.

(viii) To develop policy guidelines for decentralization of economic activities,

development of settlements based on hierarchy and redistribution of population

thereof in the region.

7. To suggest appropriate institutional mechanism for coordination among the concerned

States and Chandigarh U.T. Administration, Planning Zones of Chandigarh

As per the suggestion of NCR Planning Board, the Chandigarh Inter State Region may

be divided into 3 Planning Zones:

Zone 1 : This zone maybe the Mother City i.e.,Chadigarh city (114 sqkm) Master

Plan

Zone 2 : This zone maybe designated as Central Chandigarh Region (CCR), to be

coterminous with Periphery Control Belt.

Zone 3 : This zone maybe designated as Rest of the Chandigarh Region, for which

the boundary maybe defined after delineation study CISR Plan


18/30

17

8. Constitution of Working Group

The Chandigarh U.T. Administration may take necessary action to constitute Sub

Groups on the lines of Working Groups constituted for the NCR Plan 2021 so as to provide inputs towards the preparation of Chandigarh Inter state Regional Plan,

2031. The Sub Groups may be for:

(1) Policy Zones,

(2) Demographic Profile and Settlement Pattern,

(3) Land Acquisition, Management and Real Estate Development

(3) Land use and Rural Development,

(4) Physical Infrastructure, (5) Utility and Service Infrastructure,

(7) Environment including Heritage and Tourism,

(8) Institutional Framework

(9) Economic and Fiscal Policy

Based on the inputs of the Sub Groups, the Chandigarh Inter state Region Plan,

2031may be prepared . The experts for Sub Groups may be experts in Urban and

Regional Planning who are well versed with the ground realities of Chandigarh

Region.

Town and Country Planning Organization (TCPO) will render technical assistance as

and when required.

9. Need for the Chandigarh Master Plan

So far,

there

is

no

statutory

Master

Plan

for

Chandigarh

mainly

due

to

absence

of

provisions for preparing the same in the Periphery Control Act and Punjab New Capital

Territory Development Act. Hence, the first and foremost task would be either to amend

these Acts to incorporate enabling provisions for the preparation of Master Plan or frame a

comprehensive Town and Country Planning Act for Chandigarh UT which should have the

provision for preparation of Master Plan/Zonal Plan. In this regard, Department of Urban

Planning, UT of Chandigarh may attempt drafting of Town and Country Planning Act and


19/30

18

send the same for consideration of Ministry of Home Affairs. The main reasons for the

requirement of a statutory Master Plan are highlighted as under:

Chandigarh City with an area of 114 Sq. km offers very limited land for future development. Due to limited scope for horizontal growth, it is obvious that to

accommodate the future requirement, development needs to be vertical. However,

keeping in view the overall architectural character of the city, it is very much

essential to prepare Master Plan so as to not only accommodate future

requirements but also strike a balance between the existing and proposed built form

and natural environment.

In view of inevitable inmigration to the city of Chandigarh, the existing

infrastructure is likely to be strained and there would be spillover of development

beyond the limits of the city. The peripheral areas of the city have already witnessed

large scale developments.

The development of Chandigarh cannot be viewedin isolation. It is intrinsically linked

with the periphery and the satellite towns of Mohali, Panchkula and Mansa Devi and

beyond.

Hence, it is pertinent to initiate a comprehensive Master Plan exercise which should

make detailed analysis of demography, availability/ mismatch of provision of physical

and social infrastructure and existing land use. Based on this analysis, the Master

Planneeds to come up with long term strategies for sustainable development of

Chandigarh.


20/30

19

10. Modalities :

The Master Plan for Chandigarh needs to focus the following Terms of Reference (TOR).

(i) To study the development pattern of Chandigarh.

(ii) To present the situational analysis of demographic profile, environment, urban

aesthetics, socio economic base, landuse and provision of physical infrastructure

and social amenities.

(iii) To analyze the holding capacity of Chandigarh and its periphery with reference to

a 20 year perspective.

(iv) To examine the existing development control regulations and suggest

amendments, , in view of the existing and future development and checking

unplanned growth.

(v) To recommend a comprehensive development strategy both short and long term

indicating sectoral priorities, financial implications and implementation

framework.

It may be stated that Department of Urban Planning, UT Chandigarh, has already

taken steps to prepare Draft Master Plan for Chandigarh 2031. However, in order to give

statutory backing to the Master Plan, provisions will have to be incorporated in the

existing legal framework for the planned development or a comprehensive Town and

Country Planning Act has to be enacted.


21/30

20

Annexure I

Strengths and Weaknesses of NCR Planning Board Act, 1985

Strengths :

(i) As per the provisions of clause (1) of article 252 of the Constitution, resolutions have been passed by all the Houses of the legislature of the States of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to the effect that the matters be regulated in those States by the Parliament by Law.

(ii) The NCR Planning Board Act, 1985 has been enacted by the Parliament.

(iii) Under Section 27 the Act has the overriding effect not withstanding anything inconsistent therewith content any other law for the time being in force or in any instrument having effect by virtue of any law other than this Act; or in any decree or

order of any court, tribunal or other authority.

(iv) NCR Planning Board is a high powered Board chaired by Union Minister of Urban Development and concerned Union Ministers, Chief Ministers and Ministers of Urban Development Departments of NCR participating states and other senior officers are members.

Weaknesses:

(i) NCR Planning Board has no power for implementation of the Regional Plans policies and proposals.

(ii) SubRegional Plan for the respective constituent Sub regions have to be prepared by the respective State Governments. The responsibility for implementation of SubRegional Plans lies with the respective State governments.

(iii) There is no time frame for preparation and finalization of Sub Regional Plan and Functional Plan.

(iv) No provision in the Act for approval of the SubRegional Plans by the NCR Planning Board. The State governments submit the Sub Regional Plans to the NCRPB to enable the Board to ensure that such Plan is inconformity with the Regional Plan.

(v) The policies and proposals are to be translated into action on the ground through the Master / Development Plans. There is no provision for preparation of Master/Development Plans in accordance with the policies and proposals of Regional Plan and no provision for approval of the Master/Development Plans by the NCRPB.


22/30

21

Annexure II Activity Chart / Work Plan

Working Group/ High Level Committee to oversee entire

exercise

Enactment of Act Drafting of Bills & Legislations

Study on Delineation of the Region

Preparation of Draft Regional Plan

Constitution of Consultancy Review Committee for Research Studies:

Existing Landuse Demographic & Settlement

pattern Transport Economic profile Water Sewerage Solid waste management Power Health Education Environment Heritage & Tourism

Constitution of Chandigarh Region Planning Board

Final Regional Plan

Master / Dev. Plans

Sub Regional Plans

Master / Development Plans

Functional Plan for Regional Infrastructure

Project Plans


23/30

22

Annexure III

Le Corbusiers Plan for CHANDIGARH


24/30

23

Annexure IV

ISCR Plan for Chandigarh Region 2001

Annexure V


25/30

24


26/30

25


27/30

26


28/30

27


29/30

28


30/30

Date post:	14-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	richa-singh
View:	214 times
Download:	0 times

Concept of Chandigarh

Documents