Conclusion from part 1 • The EU constitutes a group of developed countries. 500 million inhabitants who possess considerable buying power and who on the whole benefit from a strong level of development. The EU space is a space of freedom which renders it attractive. • The EU is a political construction which sets standards (human rights, the environment, technology, etc.) carries values , making Europe unique compared to other integrated regions around the world.
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Conclusion from part 1• The EU constitutes a group of developed countries.
500 million inhabitants who possess considerable buying power and who on the whole benefit from a strong level of development. The EU space is a space of freedom which renders it attractive.
• The EU is a political construction which sets standards (human rights, the environment, technology, etc.) carries values , making Europe unique compared to other integrated regions around the world.
II. The EU: a Diverse Territory
Population Density map of EuropeA.Europe contains 1 of 3
population centers in world• Characteristics: high
population density (density fades along margins, concentrated in center)• European territory
highly developed even in scarcely populated areas
– urban planning– Caters to populations that
live there
B. Mainly urban population 75% Europeans live in cities
• Cities characterized by their organization around a historical center – highly symbolic
• 1st ideas of European unification came from cities
• Based on networks of human, intellectual, & commercial exchanges
C. Cultural Traits
linked to bioclimaticinfluences
Video: Europe, whenever you’re ready
• Climate zones: Mediterranean, oceanic, northern, etc.
• European continent exceptionally diverse landscapes especially given its small size
(10 M km2 including European part of Russia)
• Combination of influences and specific cultural traits distinguish various regions within Europe– Mediterranean
Europe– Central Europe– Eastern Europe– Northern Europe
Northern
Mediterranean
Eastern
Central
Map of European Languages
European Religions map
Protestant
Catholic
Orthodox
Muslim
Share of Atheist Population
•What patterns can you observe?
•How can you explain these patterns?
Individualist vs. Collectivist CultureIndividualist: •individual uniqueness and self-determination are valued•admire people who are "self-made“ "makes up their own mind“, show initiative or work well independently. Collectivist: •expect people to identify with and work well in groups which protect them in exchange for loyalty and compliance.Which regions in Europe would you expect to
be individualist or collectivist?
European map of Individualist vs. Collectivist Culture
III. Disparities and Inequalities of the EU Territories
Uneven wage earnings
Freedom of the Press
Which European countries have a good situation/ satisfactory situation/ noticeable problems?
Population DensityPopulation density of the
NUTS 2 regions of EU, EFTA and candidate countries,
Core City (urbanized area or urban cluster) of at least 10,000 population, containing a substantial population nucleus and having a high degree of social and economic integration with adjacent communities.
What do you observe about European facebook usage? Is it evenly distributed?
How can you explain the pattern?
What do the brightest areas indicate in terms of population density/core & peripheral areas?
Satellite view of
Europe at night
GDP per capital (in PPP) 2009
•Where are the richest and poorest areas in Europe? •How can you account for this wealth distribution?
Cities and Major Axes in EuropeMajor European Metropolis
Global city
European Megalopolis
1st European portMajor AxisSecondary Axis
Describe the following:1.European megalopolis2.10 great metropolises which structure the European space3.Major Communication Axes
European Megalopolis1. The European megalopolis stretches from London to Milan, including the main European metropolises, organized into a conurbation: London, Birmingham, Manchester, Rotterdam, Amsterdam, Frankfurt, Munich, Zurich, Ruhr, Turin, Milan. The backbone is the most populated and wealthy area in Europe, with the Rhine river as a main line. Infrastructures and facilities are highly developed. 2. Although they are located on the margins of the megalopolis, cities like Paris which has the status of a Global city, Berlin, Madrid, Barcelona, Rome, Naples, Athens, Istanbul, are also major European hubs. Secondary European metropolises include Lisbon, Budapest, Vienna, Warsaw, Hamburg.3. Major communication axes include Rotterdam to Barcelona via Paris, Rotterdam to London, Rotterdam to Milan via Frankfurt
