PRESENTATION ON TYPES OF CONCRETE

COURCE TEACHER : FARJANA RAHMAN SUBJECT : CONSTRUCTION WORKSHOP NAME : KAMRUL HASSAN ID : 05505622

What is concrete ?????Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement which hardens over time. Most use of the term "concrete" refers to Portland cement concrete or to concretes made with other hydraulic cements, such as cement foundation.

TYPES OF CONCRETE 1.Modern concrete2.High-strength concrete3.Stamped concrete4.High-performance concrete5.Ultra-high-performance concrete6.Micro-reinforced ultra-high-performance concrete7.Self-consolidating concrete8.Vacuum concrete9.Shotcrete10.Limecrete11.Pervious concrete12.Cellular concrete13.Glass concrete14.Asphalt concrete15.Rapid strength concrete16.Rubberized concrete17.Polymer concrete

TYPES OF CONCRETE WALL

1.Precast Walls2.Poured Walls3. Block Walls4. Block Walls5. Stucco Walls6. Stamped Walls7. Colored Walls8. Concrete retaining walls

Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in a reusable mold or "form“ which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported to the construction site and lifted into place.

ADVANTAGE :In contrast, standard concrete is poured into site-specific forms and cured on site.

Use: façade

Precast concrete

2.Poured WallsPoured concrete walls can be used for a foundation, retaining wall or decorative wall. First the forms need to be put up and reinforced for the liquefied concrete to be poured into. For smaller jobs, concrete can be mixed in a small portable mixer or even in tubs or pails. For larger walls and foundations, the concrete is usually trucked in for pouring. You need to do this in weather that is conducive to the curing and setting of concrete

USE : foundation, retaining wall or decorative wall DISADVANTAGE :This type of wall is expensive and time consuming to construct.

3. Block WallsConcrete block walls can be used for foundations and retaining and decorative walls also. They come in different shapes and sizes for different jobs and designs. These blocks are pre-made in a factory and shipped to the site where the wall will be built. The wall is constructed in a brick-laying fashion, with mortar put between blocks.

ADVANTAGE :This type of concrete wall is one of the more inexpensive and less time consuming ways to build a wall.

USE : foundations and retaining and decorative walls also.

5. Stucco Walls A stucco concrete wall is a thin layer of concrete that goes over an existing wall. This not only allows for coverage of cracks and chips, but it also adds texture to the wall. This is an inexpensive way of giving a wall the look of concrete. The stucco material can be put on in patterns that swirl, crisscross or go straight up and down.

USE :over an existing wall

ADVANTAGE : This type of material is easy to work with and can withstand the coldest and hottest of weather.

Stamped concrete walls are becoming popular. The stamping is done using the poured concrete technique, with the forms molding the concrete in the shapes of stones or masonry patterns instead of as smooth panels. The resultant wall can look remarkably like stone or brick, which adds a natural rustic look to the wall you are constructing.

6. Stamped Walls

USE : poured concrete technique

ADVANTAGE :This technique is less expensive and takes less time than building a stone or masonry wall.

7. Colored Walls•Colored concrete walls are available in all the poured concrete techniques and some of the pre-made panels. This works especially well with the stamped concrete in the shapes of stones, giving them a more realistic coloring. Many colors are available in addition to the options for the natural colors of stone and brick.

ADVANTAGE :This coloring technique allows you to deviate from the plain chalky look of traditional concrete.

USE ; pre-made panels.

8. Concrete retaining walls ADVANTAGE : Many codes require a permit for any structure that holds back what amounts to thousands of pounds of earth, and most limit the height of an amateur-built retaining wall to 3 feet.

ADVANTAGE OF CONCRETE WALL•providing functional support for keeping soil in place,

•preventing sink holes and eliminating the eye sore of dirt piles and hills

•helpful in preventing flooding

•reduces maintenance and prevents erosion

•prevent damage to property or surrounding structure

Solid blocks:

Length: 40cm (half blocks: 20cm) Height: 20cm Width: 8/10/15/20cm

High compressive strength, resistance to weathering, impact and abrasion Capability of being molded into components of any shape and sizeGood fire resistance up to about 400°C Rapid construction Very good stability

Hollow blocks:Can be made larger than solid blocks Are lighter in weight n Construction of walls is easy and quick The voids can be filled with steel bars and concrete, achieving high earthquake resistance The air space provides good thermal insulation The cavities can be used for electrical installation and plumbing

uses the sizes 14,5 x 29 x 14cm, 14,5 x 14,5 x 14cm (width x length x height)

Cellular block Blocks which contain one or more formed voids do not fully penetrate the block.

Special blockBlocks which are designed and manufactured for a special purpose and which have a shape and size which varies from slandered

TYPES OF MASONRY CONCRETE BOLCKSDense masonry aggregate blocks

Lightweight masonry aggregate blocks

Aerated masonry concrete or ‘aircrete’ blocks Honeycomb clay masonry (Ziegel) blocks

Hemp masonry blocks

Unfired clay masonry blocks

insulated concrete form (ICF) masonry blocks

Dense aggregate blockTypical thermal conductivity: 0.70 – 1.28 W/mK

ADVANTAGE :DurableReusable, particularly where lime mortars have been usedHigh thermal massHigh strengthProducts available with recycled aggregateDISADVANTAGE :Use of virgin aggregates and sand causes land or marine degradation and resource depletionNon-renewable materialsUse of cement contributes to global warmingPoor insulating propertiesUse : wall , garden boundary•Steps•Landscaping Garden Beds•Curbing and Edging•Concrete Block Home

Lightweight aggregate block• Typical thermal conductivity: 0.25 - 0.60 W/mKADVANTAGE :Moderate thermal mass, but higher than air Crete Makes use of secondary aggregates Good insulating properties Durable, Reusable, particularly where lime mortar has been usedGood workabilityProducts available with recycled aggregateDISADVANTAGE ;Use of virgin clay causes land degradation and resource depletion

High embodied energy involved in the production of some aggregatesUse of cement contributes toglobal warming

USED : FAÇADE, ROOF, SHARE WALL

Aerated concrete or ‘air Crete’ block Typical thermal conductivity: 0.09 - 0.20 W/mK

ADVANTAGE :Moderate thermal massUses industrial waste (PFA) as a prime constituent Very good insulating propertiesBased on volume, aerated blocks contain around 25% less embodied energy than other concrete blocksGood workability    Lighter weight saves energy in transportation      Reasonable sound absorption propertiesReusable if dismantled carefully, particularly if lime mortar has been used

DISADVANTAGE :Non-renewable materialsProne to impact damageUse of aluminium adds embodied carbonUse of cement contributes to global warming•USE :Steps•Landscaping Garden Beds•Concrete Block Home

Alternatives to concrete

Honeycomb clay block• Typical thermal conductivity: 0.10 W/mK

ADVANTAGE :Moderate - good thermal massGood insulating propertiesRecyclableReusable if dismantled carefully, particularly if lime mortar has been usedJointing system reduces thermal bridgingLower embodied energy than concrete blocksT&G vertical dry jointing reduces the quantity of mortar requiredEnables rapid construction when using experienced block layers

DISADVANTAGE :Clay extraction causes land degradationNon renewable materialLaying method might be unfamiliar to most block layersBlock dimensions are not UK modularVulnerable to damage from following-on tradesDoesn’t allow for use with standard steel and concrete lintelsImported blocks add transportation to the embodied energy

Use : façade for ventilation•Siding•Veneer•Homes•Commercial Properties•Paving Applications•Steps•Landscaping Garden Beds•Curbing and Edging•Concrete Block Home

Hemp blockThermal conductivity: 0.36 (structural) and 0.11 (thermal) W/mKADVANTAGE :Hemp is a renewable material   Very good insulating properties High thermal mass ‘Carbon negative’ through sequestration of CO2 during plant growth  Reusable if dismantled carefully    Recyclable     Biodegradable   Hygroscopic – provides a degree of humidity control     Lightweight

DISADVANTAGE:Use of cement contributes to global warmingUse of aluminum in the binder adds to embodied energyRelatively untested

USE : MEDIUM BONDING FOR SAFTY

Unfired clay blockTypical thermal conductivity: 0.21 – 0.95 W/mK

ADVANTAGE :Very low embodied energyReusable if dismantled carefully.RecyclableBiodegradable (returns to soil)High thermal massCan be used to stabilize internal humidity Can be used to stabilize internal humidity Good sound reduction

DISADVANTAGE :

Non-renewable materialsClay extraction causes land degradationGenerally unsuitable for load-bearing applicationsAdding gypsum complicates end-of-life disposalPoor availability

•USE : Siding•Veneer•Homes•Commercial Properties•Paving Applications

Insulated concrete form (ICF) blocks Typical thermal conductivity of form material: 0.083 W/mK

 ADVNTAGE :80% post-consumer recycled wood wasteIncludes renewable material  Enables rapid construction  Very good insulating properties

DISADVANTAGE :Use of cement contributes to global warmingDe-coupled thermal mass

•USE :•Siding•Veneer•Homes•Landscaping Garden Beds•Curbing and Edging

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