1. Submitted by: Joerigene Odette C. Neri EdTech 1 Submitted
to: Ms. Mercylene M. Briones EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY MIDTERM
2. 1. What is the cone of experience of Edgar Dale? 2. What are
the sensory aids in the Cone of Experience? 3. What are its
implications to teaching? 4. What is the three-fold analysis of
experience of Jerome Bruner? 5. Which learning aids in Dales Cone
of Experience correspond/s to each level in Bruners model?
Illustrate using a diagram. 6. Define Instructional Media. What are
the benefits we can get out of it? What are its role in the
teaching-learning process? 7. What are the properties and other
classifications of instructional media? 8. What are the principles
and factors to consider in selecting and using instructional media?
9. What is ASSURE Model of Media Planning? 10. How this model helps
in attaining the College vision-mission?
3. The Cone of Experience is a visual model, a pictorial device
that presents bands of experience arranged according to degree of
abstraction and not a degree of difficulty. The farther you go from
the
4. of Experience? The different kinds of sensory aid often
overlap and sometimes blend into one another. Motion pictures can
be silent or they can combine sight and sound. Students may merely
view a demonstration or they may view it then participate in it.
One kind of sensory experience is not necessarily more
educationally useful than another. Sensory
5. 3. WHAT ARE ITS IMPLICATIONS TO TEACHING? Dale (1969) wrote
that May lead to a more useful way of thinking about audio visual
materials and their application in the classroom The levels of the
Cone are interactive As one moves up the Cone there is not
necessarily an increase in difficulty but rather an increase in
abstract thought
6. 4. What is the three-fold analysis of experience of Jerome
Bruner? Symbolic Iconic Enactive Increasing ABSTRACTION
7. 5. Which learning aids in Dales Cone of Experience
correspond/s to each level in Bruners model? Illustrate using a
diagram. ENACTIVE: Refers to the direct or actual experiences or
encounter with what is. This is life on the raw, rich, and
unedited. They form the bases for all other learning
experiences.
8. Mis-Conceptions of the Cone All teaching/learning must move
from the bottom to the top of the Cone. One kind of experience on
the Cone is more useful than another More emphasis should be put on
the bottom levels of the Cone The upper level of the Cone is for
older students while the lower levels are for younger students It
overemphasizes the use of instructional media
9. Misrepresentations of the Cone
www.biij.org/2008/1/e16/fig4.gif
www.compstrategies.com/.../img002.gif
www.cals.ncsu.edu/agexed/sae/ppt1/img012.GIF
web20guru.wikispaces.com/file/view/dalescone.gif
10. Enactive direct experiences Direct, Purposeful Contrived
Dramatized Iconic pictorial experiences Demonstrations Study trips
Exhibits Educational television Motion pictures Recordings, radio,
still pictures Symbolic highly abstract experiences Visual symbols
Verbal symbols
11. What does the Cone mean for instruction? Dale (1938) taught
teachers that they should help their students learn how the media
effects us, and to critically evaluate it. Teachers must evaluate
the benefit of the learning vs. the amount of time required in the
lesson How to effectively use instructional media to helping
students move from concrete to abstract thought
http://elzeeyed.com/ydome/wpcontent/uploads/2007/08/teacher_cartoon.gif
12. Conclusion: The Cone of Experience is a visual device to
aid teachers in the selection of instructional media The Cone is
based on the movement from concrete experiences to abstract
experiences The literal interpretation of the Cone has resulted in
misconceptions of its use The Cone has practical applications in
classroom instruction
13. 6. Define Instructional Media. What are the benefits we can
get out of it? What are its role in the teaching-learning process?
INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA: encompasses all the materials and physical
means an instructor might use. to implement instruction and
facilitate students achievement of instructional objectives. this
may include traditional materials such as chalkboards, handouts,
charts and slides.
14. What are the benefits we can get out of it? What are its
role in the teaching-learning process? 1. Standardization of the
delivery of instruction. 2. More attention-grabbing instruction. 3.
More retention in learning. 4. More interactive learning. 5.
Reduced length of time required for instruction. 6. Provision for
instruction whenever and wherever necessary. 7.Enhancement of
positive attitudes of students to learning. 8. Shift of role of
teachers from instructors to facilitators. 9. Individualization of
learning. 10.More multi-sensory learning.
15. What are its role in the teaching-learning process? Heinich
, et al. 91996) identified the following roles of instructional
media in the teaching-learning process: 1. properly designed
instructional media can enhance and promote learning and support
teacher-based instruction. 2. media can be used effectively in
formal education situations where a teacher is not available or is
working with other students. 3. media can play important role in
the education of students with exceptionalities and
disabilities.
16. 7. What are the properties and other classifications of
instructional media? 1. According to sense modality. 2. According
to projection. 3. According to literacy requirement. 4. According
to dimensions. 5. According to pacing of media content. 6.
According to accessibility. 7. According to cost. 8. According to
electronic requirement.
17. 8. What are the principles and factors to consider in
selecting and using instructional media? Teachers could be guided
by the following principles in selecting instructional media.
1.Principle of Appropriateness instructional materials must promote
the general and specific goals of the class instructional materials
must be appropriate to the level intended in terms of vocabulary
level, difficulty of concepts, methods of development, and interest
appeal. Instructional must be either basic or supplementary to the
curriculum. 2. Principle of Authenticity Instructional materials
must present accurate, up-to-date, dependable information.
18. 3. Principle of Interest Instructional materials must catch
the interest of the learners. It must stimulate curiosity or
satisfy the learners need to know. It must have the power to
motivate, encourage creativity, and imaginative response among
users. 4. Principle of organization and Balance Instructional
material must be well organized and well balanced in content.
Purpose of the material must clearly stated or perceived. There
should be logical organization, clarity, and accordance with
principles of learning such as reinforcement, transfer, and
application in the materials. 5. Principle of Cost If there are
available substitutes for costly materials, these substitutes maybe
considered first.
19. What are the factors to consider in selecting and using
instructional media? Considering the principles mentioned, the
following factors are to be considered in selecting instructional
media: 1. Relevance of the media to the lesson objectives. 2.
suitability to students age, learning abilities and styles, and
reading level. 3. Accuracy and novelty of media 4. Provision of
learner participation. 5. Provision feedback
20. What are the factors to consider in selecting and using
instructional media? 6. Appeal 7. Availability 8. Adaptability 9.
Ease in the use or Operation of the media 10. Learning environment
11. Cost 12. Objectivity 13. Maintenance 14. Technical quality
21. 9. What is ASSURE Model of Media Planning? Assure model is
a procedural guide for planning and delivering instruction that
incorporates media, assumes that training or instruction really is
required. ASSURE stands for: ANALYZE LEARNERS STATE OBJECTIVES
SELECT MEDIA AND MATERIALS UTILIZE MATERIALS REQUIRE LEARNER
PERFORMANCE EVALUATE/REVISE
22. 10.How this model helps in attaining the college
vision-mission? stated philosophy of most schools and colleges is
to help students fulfill their full potential, not to produce
clone-like replications of a standard mold. The ASSURE model
supports the field of educational technology. It is based on the
principal that no one student acquires information in the same way.
While the ASSURE model is used to systematically design
instruction, it steps away from the traditional means of
instruction, (textbooks, lectures, etc) to the use of technology to
deliver the instruction. (Academy of Teaching Excellence,2002). In
conclusion, the ASSURE model has six components each stated
philosophy of most schools and colleges is to help students fulfill
their full potential, not to produce clone-like replications of a
standard mold. The ASSURE model supports the field of educational
technology. It is based on the principal that no one student
acquires information in the same way. While the ASSURE model is
used to systematically design instruction, it steps away from the
traditional means of instruction, (textbooks, lectures, etc) to the
use of technology to deliver the instruction. (Academy of Teaching
Excellence,2002). In conclusion, the ASSURE model has six
components each necessary for the successful implementation of the
instruction, including: 1) Analyze learners, 2) State Objectives,
3) Select Methods, Media, and Materials, 4) Utilize Media and
Materials, 5) Require learner Participation, and 6) Evaluate and
Revisenecessary
23. Ballado, Ronato. S. (2012). Basic Concepts in Educational
Technology I Dooley, K. (2005). Advanced methods in distance
education: Applications and practices for educators, administrators
and learners. Hershey, PA: Information Science Publishing. Molenda,
M. (2003). Cone of Experience. In Kovalchick, A., & Dawson, K.
(Eds.). Education and technology: An encyclopedia (p. 161-164).
Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-CLIO.
http://www.learning-theories.com/elaboration-theory-reigeluth.html
http://www.slideshare.net/sjaser/teaching-and-learning-process?qid=9262db31-
c881-49e8-9dc4-e1c5f78065fa&v=default&b=&from_search=13
https://www.google.com.ph/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=4rXAVZKHAYzHoATI0qn4Bg&gws_rd
=ssl#q=factors+to+consider+in+selecting+and+using+instructional+media
https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=learning+aids+of+edgar+dales+cone+of+exp
eriences&rlz=1C2PRFE_enPH650PH650&biw=1034&bih=639&tbm=isch&tbo=u&s
ource=univ&sa=X&ved=0CEIQsARqFQoTCPba5q2hkccCFdcFjgod5S8GYA#imgrc=
4x0M4oEK4naNgM%3A
http://www.slideshare.net/search/slideshow?searchfrom=header&q=role+of+instru
ctional+media+in+teaching+-learning+process
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_technology#Media