03/28/2016 1 The Civil Rights Movement, 1954‐1968 Chapter 16 NB Pg 105 Postwar Prosperity Not shared by minorities Roots of the Movement • “Jim Crow” laws in the South • WWII against racism • Truman desegregated the military in 1948 Roots of the Movement Creation of African American organizations such as… NAACP Fighting segregation since 1909 CORE Congress for Racial Equality Successfully desegregates many restaurants with sit-ins SCLC Southern Christian Leadership Conference Provided the support of churches in fighting segregation and voting rights
Transcript
03/28/2016
1
The Civil Rights Movement, 1954‐1968
Chapter 16
NB Pg 105
Postwar Prosperity
Not shared by minorities
Roots of the Movement• “Jim Crow” laws in the South
• WWII against racism
• Truman desegregated the military in 1948
Roots of the MovementCreation of African American organizations such as…
NAACPFighting segregation
since 1909
CORECongress for Racial EqualitySuccessfully desegregates many
restaurants with sit-ins
SCLCSouthern Christian
Leadership ConferenceProvided the support of churches in fighting segregation and voting
rights
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Brown v. Board of Education (1956)
• Challenged segregation in schools
• Supreme Court found segregation in public schools unconstitutional
• How do you think the South reacted to this decision???
• SCHOOLS FINALLY REQUIRED TO DESEGREGATE IN 1969
Attorney Thurgood Marshall
Goes on to become first African American
Supreme Court Justice
The Little Rock Nine
• ordered to be admitted to an all‐white high school in Arkansas
• Eisenhower had to send troops to protect the African American students
The Little Rock Nine
A New Era…
This is Rosa Parks.She refused to give up her seat for a white man.
Montgomery Bus Boycott – lasts 381 days
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Martin Luther King Jr.• Believed in nonviolent resistance
• “the weapon of love”
How did the sit‐in movement begin?
• Four students sat at a lunch counter in a Woolworths’s store after buying school supplies.
• They were refused service but sat until the store closed.
• They returned and sat at the corner until they were served.
Who were the SNCC?
• White and black students from 30 universities came together to organize civil rights protests
When did Martin Luther King Jr., write “Letter from Birmingham Jail?
• In 1963, after he was arrested for leading non‐violent demonstrations in Birmingham, knowing they would provoke violence.
• He demanded equality
• Across the nation, people watched the violence used by the Birmingham police against peaceful protesters on television
Who were the Freedom Riders?
• African American and white volunteers who traveled on buses to the South to bring attention to segregation on the bus systems.
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Why was the march on Washington, D.C., a momentous event?
• Organized by A. Philip Randolph and Dr. King to support Kennedy’s civil rights bill
• Dr. King delivered his I Have a Dream Speech before 200,000 demonstrators of all races at the march.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
• Banned racial discrimination in hotels, restaurants, unions and federal contractors.
• Also protected minority groups and women.
“Freedom Summer”• A campaign in 1964 to register black voters in Mississippi
