Internet of things and Connected Agriculture services

Author: Atul S Khiste ISE masters student

Presented to Gregg Garett

CEO & Managing Director – CGS Advisors LLC Bill Gracia

Manager, Strategy Services – CGS Advisors, LLC

Agenda

• What is Agriculture and Farming• Connected world and agriculture• 21st century global challenges in - food production• Agriculture Market in India• Opportunities• Connected solution overview• Solution architecture• Implementation challenges• Economic model

Great hardware and information companies with technology and operations that could really help growers. But surprisingly none of them actually worked together.

And when these systems don’t work together, no one benefits. Not the hardware companies, not the growers, and not the people that try to help growers get the most out of their crops

The Global Food and Agriculture System

The 21st Century Challenges:• Feed a growing, more prosperous world – and

hopefully better than we have in the past• Increase food output 50% by 2025• More than double by 2050

• Contribute to national energy security in many countries

• Preserve/enhance the environment• Maintain the rural cultural heritage

With these constraints:• While using the same or fewer resources• And, do this against t he backdrop of global climate change!

Global population growth

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1950

1955

1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2025

FC

2050

FC

Source: United Nations, 2006

Bill

ions

8.0

9.2

Source: International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Economic Report, Apr. 2008

Indian agriculture Industry

India is known as the ‘Land of Agriculture’ which has many traditions and even a large variety of cultures. Approximately 70% of the Indian population are connected with agriculture and its related activities. India ranks first in the production of sugarcane and second in the production of rice in the world. Apart from these, many other cereals, tea, coffee etc. add to the agricultural output from India. Spices are also well known worldwide from the incredible India.

Modern Indian Agriculture

Modern India implements new techniques in agriculture to increase the quantity and quality of the yield. Many agricultural products are exported on large basis worldwide which add to the economy of India. New modern farm machinery and financial schemes are provided by the government to encourage agriculture in the rural areas of the nation.

Agriculture has always been a major occupation of the population and hence it has a major contribution to the economy of the nation. The variety of soils have been a plus point which has made production of a variety of grains and spices possible.

The environmental challenge

• Protect the natural resource base• Prevent degradation of the land• Improve air quality• Develop more efficient water use, improve quality

• Improve wildlife habitat

• Avoid biodiversity loss

• Cultural protection aspect (viewscapes, farm structure, practices)

• Post-Industrial Challenge: increase productivity - reduce intrusion

Growing resource constraints

• Much of world’s total arable area already in use – the most fertile requiring least investment

• Most remaining land has serious soil and terrain constraints• Some covered in forests, in protected areas• Characteristics difficult for agriculture – low soil fertility, high toxicity, hilly

and other difficult terrain – human and animal disease, poor infrastructure• Most located in Africa and Latin America (70% suffers soil and terrain

constraints)• Further expansion is controversial – could jeopardize fragile lands

• Will require considerable capital investment

Source: Food and Agricultural Organization of united nations

Produce more with less…Land | Water | Labor

Growing resource constraints

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

Brazil

Russia

Indi

a

China

Indo

nesia

USA

Mex

ico

South A

frica

Zimbab

we

He

cta

re o

f A

rab

le L

an

d

Arable Land (ha) per person

Most populous countries have least room to expand

Produce more with less…Land | Water | Labor

Growing resource constraints

• 70% of world’s freshwater is used by agriculture• 90% in India and China• 30 developing countries already facing growing water shortages

• Water and population unevenly distributed – by 2025:• 1.8 bil. people will live in areas with absolute water scarcity • 2/3rds of world population will live in ‘water-stressed’ areas

• Rainfed agriculture practiced on 80% of cultivated land – accounts for 60% of world’s food

• Irrigation can increase yields of most crops two-to-four fold• New irrigation technologies can reduce water use 30% to 60%

over surface irrigation

Source: UN-Water and FAO

Produce more with less…Land | Water | Labor

Source: UN Water and Food and Agricultural Organization of united nations (FAO)

Growing resource constraints

Amount of water required for:

0 500 1000 1500 2000

21st C

entu

ry B

eef C

lub

Source: UN-Water and FAO

Produce more with less…Land | Water | Labor

10X more water needed to raise 1 pound of beef than 1 pound of wheat

1800 gallons

180 gallons

0.25 – 0.6 gallons

One pound of beef

Daily drinking requirements

One pound of wheat

Growing resource constraints

• Farm demographics (aging) and migration to cities importantly influence agricultural labor availability

• High-tech machines, complex production processes and strict production regulations require skilled labor

• Tighter restraint on immigration encourages mechanization, innovation – affects capital requirements

21st C

entu

ry B

eef C

lub

Source: UN-Water and FAO

Produce more with less…Land | Water | Labor

16

STRENGTHS• Rich Bio-diversity• Arable land• Climate• Strong and well dispersed research and extension system

OPPORTUNITIES• Bridgeable yield crops• Exports• Agro-based Industry• Improve productivity by cross market collaboration

WEAKNESS• Fragmentation of land• Low Technology Inputs• Unsustainable Water Management• Poor Infrastructure• No central market• Water scarcity

THREATS• Unsustainable Resource Use• Unsustainable Regional Development

Agricultural market in India

Enabling factors• Agricultural schools• Agricultural research

organizations• NGO’s • Private research organizations• Government body dealing with

agricultural research and development

• Weather forecasting labs• Soil testing labs• Food quality labs

Enabling factors: • Irrigation system• Automations system• Fertilizers spraying• Farm Tilting• Crop planting• Harvesting• Weather forecasting• Crop protection

Enabling factors: • Access to financial

services• Pre-production planning• Financial planning• Factors of safety• Environmental

considerations• Scope of using

technology

Enabling factors• Buyers of good• Retail market e.g. BigBazar• Fertilizers dealers• Local buyers• Inter and intrastate buyers of

good• Factories demanding good

nearby e.g. sugarcane, cotton, soyabeen

3.Retail and finance

(Third party)

4.Res

earch

organ

izations

(gove

rnm

ent a

nd third

party

)

1.Agriculture Production

Planning

2.Agr

icultu

ral m

ainte

nanc

e

serv

ices

Farmer

Connected Agriculture

Agricultural value chain

Decision making

Farmer

Irrigation

Seeds

tilting

pesticides

climate

retailers

market survey

financeMonitoring

decision making

water mangeme

nt

disposal

maintenance

forecasting

Labour managem

ent

Proposed solution

Overview:

Push info to farmer than pull by farmer.Connect farmer to complete agricultural supply chain.Provide farmer latest technology and expert advice.Provide technology end to end implementation support.Standardized programs for major crops e.g. sugarcane programAdvanced connected pay per use services.Monitoring to make decisions.Build and provide custom solutions to farmer. In house

implementation of connected technology in other services products . E.g purchase device and create custom protocols for standard services.)

Functional architecture

Suppliers\service providers

Mid Tier Decision making/Reporting System

Farmer

Control Center

Knowledge center

advanced Data

Processing

Help center

Farm land/Local system

Onboard Control and

data collection

e.g. Connected tractors

1

2

ERP system

8

7

4

3

5

6

Implementation in charge

e.g. connected tractors

e.g. Wireless irrigation system

fig.Proposed system architecture

e.g. Solar powered wireless irrigation

Solar powered

e.g. Retail services

Customer support

Farmer calls toll-free

Proposed Economic models

Starter Basic Premium GoldFree USD USD USD

Initial starter More info Technology help Looking to maximize

N/A N/A $500 Technology 500

1 1 Unlimited Unlimited

Yes Yes Yes Yes

None 5 Unlimited Unlimited

1 1 Unlimited Unlimited

No Yes Yes Yes

No Yes Yes Yes

Free Free Free Free

--- ---- ----- -----

Yes Yes Yes Yes

---- ---- ---- ----

Annual Price

Suitable for

Special crop

Digital monitoring/Reporting

Alert(Email & SMS)

Connected tractors

Connected drones

Growing conditions

Retail Services

Weather forecast

Irrigation automation

Consultant access

Advanced pest and Fertilizers

Implementation challenges

• Collaboration with partners is important

• Low implementation cost• Involvement of government

and research organization• Choosing Communication

systems for rural areas• New communication

protocols for data collection system development

• Electricity supply issue (Alternate source required)

Partnerships required

• Trimble Inc• John Deere• Jain Irrigation system

Conclusion

• Better decision making system for farmer• Better production planning• Increased productivity• Increased profits• Increased food production• Water conservation• Data collection can be used by government policy makers

References• http://www.anctech.com/en/prodetails.asp?proid=59• http://ijarcet.org/wp-content/uploads/IJARCET-VOL-2-ISSUE-1-1-5.pdf• http://ictpost.com/2013/07/13/wireless-solution-for-irrigation-in-indian-agriculture/• http://www.famu.edu/cesta/main/assets/File/coop_extension/MARKETING/Decision-Making%20Process.pdf• http://jugaadtoinnovation.blogspot.com/2012/02/intuit-innovating-for-india.html• http://www.ijtef.org/papers/116-F531.pdf• http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1110&context=libphilprac• http://sdcornblog.org/• http://agricoop.nic.in/• http://agricoop.nic.in/imagedefault/whatsnew/smsportal.pdf• http://agricoop.nic.in/imagedefault/whatsnew/ncipletter.pdf• http://india.gov.in/topics/agriculture• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture_(India)• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_Things• http://www.computer.org/portal/web/computingnow/archive/september2013• http://gigaom.com/2013/10/15/sigsense-is-building-connected-sensors-to-bring-the-internet-of-thi

ngs-to-the-cable-guy/

Thanks !!!

Questions ?