CONNECTING THE WORLD THROUGH TRUSTABLE INTERNET OF …€¦ · resources • Service isolation •...

ITU Kaleidoscope 2015Trust in the Information Society

CONNECTING THE WORLD THROUGH TRUSTABLE INTERNET

OF THINGS

Ved P. Kafle, Yusuke Fukushima, Hiroaki HaraiNational Institute of Information and Communications

[email protected]

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Outline

• Introduction

• Review of IoT activities in ITU

– IoT Reference Model

– ITU-T Focus Groups on M2M Service Layer and IMT-2020

– ITU-T IoT-GSI and Study Group 20

• Key requirements of IoT

• Prospective technologies

– SDN, network virtualization/softwarization, ICN, mobile edge computing, ID-based communication

• Conclusion

Barcelona, Spain, 9-11 December 2015ITU Kaleidoscope 2015 - Trust in the Information Society

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Introduction

• Humans already (mostly) connected

– 7 billion mobile subscribers worldwide

• Machine and things getting connected

– 50 billion connected devices in 2020

– M2M communication

– 5G mobile networks

• IoT empowering humans to address numerous challenges of modern society

– energy and utilities, transport, logistics, healthcare, smart cities, fitness, sports, and public safety

– making human lives safer, healthier, more efficient and comfortable


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Review of IoT activities in ITU

• ITU’s study on future networks, M2M, and IMT-2020instrumental for IoT

• ITU-T Y.2060 (2012) Overview of the IoT

– Thing – an object of the physical world (physical thing) or the information world (virtual thing), which is capable of being identified and integrated into communication networks

– Device – a piece of equipment with the mandatory capabilities of communications and the optional capabilities of sensing, actuation, data capture, storage, and processing

– IoT – a global infrastructure for the information society, enabling advanced services by interconnecting (physical and virtual) things based on existing and evolving interoperableinformation and communication technologies

– Adding fourth dimension of anything (besides anyplace, anytime, anybody) to communication


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IoT Reference Model (Y.2060)


Application layer

Service and application support layer

Network layer

Device layer

IoT applications

Generic support capabilities

Networking capabilities

Transport capabilities

Device capabilities

Gateway capabilities

Managem

ent

capabilitie

s

Security

capabilitie

s

Specific

managem

ent c

apabilitie

s

Genera

l managem

ent c

apabilitie

s

Specific

security

capabilitie

s

Genera

l security

capabilitie

s

Specific support capabilities

5/21

M2M communication and services

• Focus Group on M2M Service Layer (FG M2M) established in 2012

– Reviewed related activities undertaken by various SDOs

– Identified common M2M service layer requirements

– Specified an architectural framework of the M2M service layer


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M2M Service Layer in IoT Reference Model


Application layer

M2M service layer

Network layer

Device layer

IoT/M2M applications

Networking capabilities

Transport capabilities

Device capabilities Gateway capabilities

Managem

ent

capabilitie

s

Security

capab

ilities

Specific m

gmt. cap

abilities

Gen

eral mgm

t. capab

ilities

Specific secu

rity capab

ilities

Gen

eral security cap

abilities

Application mgmt. capability

Commun. mgmt. capability

Discovery and regist. capability

Accounting and charging capability

Data processing capability

Device mgmt. capability

Diagnostics, fault recovery capability

Identification, naming, addressing capability

Location provision capability

Security capability

Group mgmt. capability

Specific support capabilities

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ITU-T IoT-GSI and SG20

• ITU-T IoT-GSI

– Providing common platform for experts from various SGs (e.g. SG2, SG3, SG9, SG11, SG13, SG16, SG17)

– Promoting collaboration with SDOs to harmonize approaches to unified IoT standards development worldwide

• ITU-T SG20 established in 2015 June

– “IoT and its applications including smart cities and communities”

– Exclusive studies of IoT technologies, services and applications in a single place


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Requirements of IoT

• ITU-T Y.2066 specifies non-functional and functional requirements

– Non-functional: related with implementation and operation

– Functional: applications support, service, communication, devices, data management, etc.

• However, lacking technological requirements of IoT infrastructure


Functional/non-functional

requirements

Functional/non-functional

requirements

Requirements for

infrastructure

Requirements for

infrastructure

Y.2066 ???

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Requirements of IoT infrastructure

• Sharable

• Trustable and reliable

• Service-aware, data-aware, user-centric

• Scalable naming, numbering, identification

• Location-independent heterogeneous communication

• Open and standard APIs


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Prospective technologies

• Software-defined networking

• Security and privacy protection

• Network softwarization and information-centric networking

• Mobile edge computing

• Naming and identification schemes

• ID-based communication


• Sharable

• Trustable and reliable

• Service-aware, data-aware, user-centric

• Scalable naming and identification

• Location-independent heterogeneous communication

• Open API

Requirements

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Leveraging SDN/NFV

• Vertical and horizontal slicing of virtualized network resources

• Service isolation

• Related work

– ITU-T Y.3011

– ITU-T Y.3300


Vertical services in shared IoT infrastructure

Devices

Application layer

Service and application support layer

Network and device layers

Heterogeneous networks - wireless(licensed/unlicensed), wired

Cellular networks, PSTN (2G,3G,4G,5G)

Internet (IPv4, IPv6 )

Ethernet, WiFi, ZigBee, Bluetooth, etc.

Applications

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Network Softwarization

• Approach to quick rollout of new networking technologies and services through programing the slices


Network softwarization view in IMT-2020

(Source: FG IMT-2020 Deliverable)

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Data-aware or information-centric networking

• Technology for efficient handling of massive IoT data

• Integration of huge number of heterogeneous devices

• Trust contained in data

• Related work

– ITU-T Y.3033


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Mobile Edge Computing

• Provisioning in-network processing (together with required data) functions closer to end user devices

– Mobile cloud

• Reduces service response latency

– e.g. automated driving

• Reduces data volume transaction

• Lightens end user device functionality

– Enabling economically and technologically massive deployment


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New naming and identification scheme

• IDs assigned to various things –devices, data or content, users, services, and others (e.g. application software, storage or computing resources)

• Mapped to underlying heterogeneous network locations

• Related work

– ITU-T Y.3031


Devices Services

ID allocation & revocation

Users

ID-to-location mapping

ID based control

(security/privacy)

ID discovery/authentication

Multi-domainID resolution systems

ID selection

ID registration

Location of “things” in heterogeneous networks

Data

Heterogeneous

ID namespace

Internet (IPv4, IPv6)

Cellular networks (2G,3G,4G,5G), PSTN

Ethernet, WiFi, ZigBee,

Bluetooth, etc.

Others

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ID-based communication

• Interconnecting heterogeneous devices and communication technologies

• Location-independent communication

• Related work: ITU-T Y.3032, 3034


Name Resolution

ch#nict.go.jpmh#himalis.net

e.g. IPv4 IPv4 IPv6192.168.0.20010.32.230.5

ID-based communication102-304--1 a01-be--100

2001:db8::202001:5a:efd::2

Peer authentication before starting data

communication

Peer authentication before starting data

communication

Each host is assigned with a

hostname and ID

Each host is assigned with a

hostname and ID Multihoming

ID

Locators

Upper layers

Network layer

Gateway (GW)

Network protocol translation

ID

Locators

GW

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Trust, security, privacy

• Five dimensions of trust: availability, reliability, performance, security, privacy

• Three domains in IoT trust:

1. Platform

– Generic and service specific functionality• e.g., hiding identity in private/personal data

2. Network

– Encrypted pipe

– Location privacy

3. Storage or cloud

– Several issues as discussed in previous sessions


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Summary

• IoT has been an important field of research and standardization

• Reviewed IoT related activities of ITU

• Identified the key requirements and prospective technologies for realizing trustable and reliable IoTinfrastructure

– SDN, NFV, network softwarization, ICN, naming/identification, ID-based communication

• Future work

– Study of architectures and mechanisms for interworking of component technologies, and deployment issues


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Standardization prospectives


Related Study Groups and Questions:

ITU-T SG13 Q14 – SDN, NFV, Network softwarization

ITU-T SG13 Q15 – ICN, ID-based communication

ITU-T SG20 – IoT services and applications

ITU-T SG13, SG17 – IoT security, trust

ITU-T SG2 Q1, SG13, SG17 – Naming, numbering and identification

Related Study Groups and Questions:

ITU-T SG13 Q14 – SDN, NFV, Network softwarization

ITU-T SG13 Q15 – ICN, ID-based communication

ITU-T SG20 – IoT services and applications

ITU-T SG13, SG17 – IoT security, trust

ITU-T SG2 Q1, SG13, SG17 – Naming, numbering and identification

20/21


Thank you !

Questions?

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