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#ConnWeek Santa Clara, CA May 23-26, 2011 2
Headlines
• Deployments• Policy and Standards• Consumer Issues• Investments
#ConnWeek Santa Clara, CA May 23-26, 2011
ARRA: Smart Grid Investment Grants(100 projects: $3.4B Federal; $4.7B non-Federal)
Smart Grid Systems and Equipment
Numbers of Units(self-reported
estimates)
Improvements Impacts
Networked Phasor Measurement Units
877 • Near-nationwide coverage• 6X the 166 existing networked
PMUs Enhanced situational awareness and electric system reliability and
resiliencySmart Transformers 205,983 • Enables preventative
maintenance
Automated Substations
671 • 5% of 12,466 transmission and distribution substations in U.S.
Load Control Devices
176,814 • Enables peak demand reductions 1444 MWs of peak demand
reduction per year (self-reported estimates)Smart Thermostats 170,218 • Enables peak demand
reductions
Smart Meters 18,179,912 • 13% of the 142 million customers in the U.S. Transformational changes in
consumer behavior and energy consumptionIn-Home Display
Units1,183, 265 • Enables customer empowerment
PHEVs / Charging Stations
12 / 100
• Accelerates market entry Begins the path toward energy independence
3
#ConnWeek Santa Clara, CA May 23-26, 2011
US Smart Grid Investment Grantshttp://www.smartgrid.gov/
4
#ConnWeek Santa Clara, CA May 23-26, 2011
Users choose a site that meets their needs:1. Basic information on the
Smart Grid2. Information and Data from
the Recovery Act Smart Grid Programs
3. Information on government sponsored Smart Grid projects.
4. A repository of documents and information on the Smart Grid
SmartGrid.Gov Portal
#ConnWeek Santa Clara, CA May 23-26, 2011 7
Other US Smart Grid Projectshttp://www.sgiclearinghouse.org/
#ConnWeek Santa Clara, CA May 23-26, 2011 8
Policy and Standards
• Standards– NIST SGIP process a resounding success
• Standards efforts accelerated many times over “normal”• Action plans march toward completion
– Major impacts this year• OpenADR and OpenADE – consumer side• Plug-Ins / Plug-Fests – Clearing demonstrating the value
– Issues – ZigBee SEP 1.x / 2.0
#ConnWeek Santa Clara, CA May 23-26, 2011
SEP 2.0 - Technical Issue in ZigBee Alliance• Transport layer
– Current impasse is rehashing debate from June 2010 where decision was made to proceed with HTTP/TCP
– HTTP/TCP• Widely deployed (i.e., billions of browsers and devices)• Mature (ratified in 1997)• Designed for reliable communication links (e.g., Ethernet, DSL/cable,
Wi-Fi)• Offers end-to-end security from SCE to HAN devices• Integrates much more easily with consumer technologies (e.g.,
browsers, tablets, smart phones)– CoAP/UDP
• Not deployed• Not mature (at least 8-12 months from ratification)• Designed for constrained devices (e.g., ZigBee, smart grid T&D sensors)• Requires terminating and bridging security (i.e., potential exploits)• Would require consumer technologies to adapt to support
• Some don’t care which transport is used– Engineering analysis indicates both will fit on SCE meters– SCE wants the functionality in SEP 2.0– Transport is analogous to choosing between PVC or copper pipes– Both transports can run the SEP 2.0 Application Layer– Vision is the SEP 2.0 information model is transport/technology
agnostic (Can run on, WiFi, Homeplug and ZigBee)
PHY
MAC
Network
Transport
Presentation
Application
802.15.4
802.15.4
RPL IPv6
HTTP/TCP or CoAP/UDP
XML or EXI
SEP 2.0
Proposed SEP 2.0 Stacks
#ConnWeek Santa Clara, CA May 23-26, 2011
Multiple customer communication channels
• Multiple Communications Capability complications– Needs to be seamless to operator– System needs to route/takes fastest path to applications– Registration and security coordination is more complicated (peer to peer
secure connections)• Security issues particularly of trust (trusting consumer devices and public
networks• Utilities cannot keep pace with fast cycle technology using slow cycle
infrastructure• Utilities need capabilities to develop secure connections to their
customers using public and private networks (the utility industry is not typically staffed for this type of work)
• It’s unclear how utility role in controlling non-utility owned devices needs to evolve to ensure grid reliability
• Utilities need to decouple standards development from deployment and design to evolve implementations as standards evolve
#ConnWeek Santa Clara, CA May 23-26, 2011 11
Policy and Standards
• Policy– Consumer right to opt out of metering technology– Question comes to mind – what else can I opt out of?– Consumer education and especially listening needs to
become a focus
#ConnWeek Santa Clara, CA May 23-26, 2011 12
Show Highlights on Smart Grid
• Boot Camps - Monday– Introduction to Utility Infrastructure and SG Apps– Introduction to NIST SGIP
• Consumer Symposium - Monday• Benefits - Tuesday• Investments - Wednesday• Implementing SG Standards Now - Thursday• Demand Response – All week