"Divide and Conquer"

Government book distributed by the millions and reprinted inits entirety in the Saturday Evening Post issue of May 9th, 1942. Idea and material tsunplied by us.

DIVIDEAND CON

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"At the bottom of their hearts the great masses of the people are more likely to be poisoned than to be consciously and delib erately bad. In the primitive simplicity of their minds they are more easily victimized by a large than by a small lie, since they sometimes tell petty lies themselves but would be ashamed to tell big ones.

"An untruth of that sort would never come into their heads, and they cannot believe that others would indulge in so vast an impudence as gross distortion. Even after being enlightened, they will long continue to doubt and waver, and will still believe there must be some truth behind it somewhere. For this reason some part of even the boldest lie is sure to stick -a fact which all the great liars and liars' societies in this world know only too well, and make base use of."

ADOLF HITLER, Mein Kampf

OFFICE OF FACTS AND FIGURES

Washington, D. C.

The Story of Nazi Terror.... Soon after Pearl Harbor, a Nazi broad-

caster to America shouted: "British naval circles are finding encouragement in the defeat suffered by the United States !"

Calculated to create distrust of our allies, this Nazi lie, like all Nazi lies, was part of a vast strategy of terror. Hitler knows that in order to conquer the world he must first enslave the mind of man, and toward that end he is carrying out a program of propaganda, blackmail, and death. Because he fears truth, he has tried every means of wiping it off the face of the earth. iFor sources see end of pamphlet.

"Mental confusion, indecisiveness, panic," Hitler once said, "these are our weapons." 2 The United States is now subject to a total barrage of thé Nazi strat- egy of terror. Hitler thinks Americans are suckers. By the very vastness of his program of lies, he hopes to frighten us into believing that the Nazis are invinci- ble. In carrying out that program he takes it for granted that decent people here -as they have elsewhere -will say : "Such evil cannot be." But Hitler is wrong. For Americans, reading the story of the Hitler terror, will neither be

3

blinded nor afraid. As free men, they will say to Hitler, "Don't pull any of your tricks on us. We're wise to them."

Pre- Invasion Tactics Before Hitler attacks any country, his

agents carefully sow seeds of hate and dis- unity, turning people against their own governments, governments against their allies, class against class.

Before the invasion of Austria, young Nazi hoodlums were sent onto the streets to play schoolboy pranks on the police and make them appear ridiculous in the eyes of passersby.' In the early days of the war, before France was invaded, mo- rale was lowered by professional weepers, clothed in deep mourning and wailing loudly, who wandered into subways and onto buses in Paris spreading the false belief that French casualties were enor- mous. Mothers received mysterious post- cards informing them that their sons, at the front, had either been killed or were deathly ill. Soldiers received anonymous notes saying that their wives or sweet- hearts were unfaithful and had run off with British soldiers.' Palm readers and crystal gazers in the pay of Hitler gloomily predicted to their clients that in the days to come France would lie prostrate at the feet of Germany.' Nazi agents combed the gossip columns of Paris newspapers for items that could be used as blackmail against prominent persons. Armed with scraps of personal dirt, they would force the victim to act as a Hitler agent, and help spread rumors to confuse and demor- alize the public. Rumors of secret weap- ons spread like wildfire : Hitler had elec- trical mines, nerve gas, deadly germs that could be dropped over an entire country- side'

Edmond Taylor, in his authoritative

4

and valuable book, The Strategy of Ter- ror, has said that these rumors, planted by Hitler agents, were often passed on during casual conversations. "I heard today," a young Frenchman whispered to a group of friends at a sidewalk cafe, "that Hitler has a secret weapon that will destroy Paris in 2 minutes. This machine is so ter- rible that even Hitler is afraid to use it." By nightfall each of his friends had told several other friends, and the story soon blanketed Paris.

The Poison Takes Hold These rumors and thousands like them

gradually accomplished their purpose. Circulated day after day, worming their way into the minds of Frenchmen, Nor- wegians, Danes, Belgians, Austrians, Dutch, Czechs, and Poles, they created a feeling of fear and frustration, a loathing of the war, and a certainty of defeat. Having weakened the resistance of his enemies, Hitler was quick to find outlets for their discontent.

For most evil, the Jews were to blame. Business is bad? Labor is to blame. Wages are low? Capital is to blame. War is hell? The British are to blame. Everybody was to blame except Hitler, the common enemy who would crush them all. National unity was destroyed by setting group against group. In Bel- gium, Nazis told the French -speaking Walloons that King Leopold was pro - German and was preparing to sell out Belgium to the Nazis; they told the Flem- ish that King Leopold had a secret treaty with the Allies and was ready to declare war on Germany.' "Why should French- men die for Danzig ?" read elegantly printed propaganda tracts mailed to Frenchmen in hand -addressed envelopes.'

Slowly, Hitler tried to deaden the corn-

bative spirit of the French soldier and make him distrust his British ally. When the French first crossed into German ter- ritory, the Germans retired without firing a shot, leaving behind placards and pos- ters saying that they had no quarrel with the French. When French scouting planes swooped over the German lines, the Germans stood up and waved hand- kerchiefs. During the first week of the war, French soldiers, unloading barges at Strasbourg, were suddenly blinded by German searchlights. "Do not be afraid, French Kamaraden," cried a German officer through the loudspeaker. "We just turned on the light so you could see better. We have had the same work on our side and we know how it is." Work- ing in the glare of German lights, the French accomplished two nights' work in one.' Hitler convinced the French the war could be waged without fighting. "Defense" would triumph. Bloodshed was futile, offensive military action against Germany unnecessary. One had only to sit and wait, safe and snug, behind the Maginot Line.

Often, when German guns were about to fire, loudspeakers warned the French to take cover, even announcing where the shells would land.10 And if the Germans were so friendly, why should one die? The Germans had an answer for that, an answer calculated to separate the French from their British ally. "Frenchmen!" cried one tract, dropped over the front, "We want nothing from you, neither your land nor your lives. You don't want to fire on us; we don't want to fire on you. Who are the only ones who want this stupid war? The English alone. The English will fight once more to the last Frenchman. P. S. This is not propa- ganda. This is an exposé of the facts." 11

Comic strips were tossed over the Maginot Line, picturing a French poilu and an English Tommy about to dive into a swimming pool marked "Blood Bath." At the last moment the poilu dove in, but the Tommy, calmly smoking his pipe, walked away. "The English will fight to the last drop of French blood," said the caption.Y2 Special trench mortars shot beautifully colored postcards into the French lines, bearing pictures of a wounded poilu lying amidst the ruins of a town. "Where are the Tommies ?" read the simple caption. Held to the light, the postcard revealed a Tommy- well -fed and prosperous- courting the poilu's wife.1'

The Death Litany The Germans played monotonously

upon the fear of death. "Frenchmen !" cried a leaflet, shaped like a coffin, "Pre- pare your coffins." Tracts shaped like leaves swirled over the front. "Next spring when the offensive comes," they read, "you will fall as the autumn leaves are falling now -and for what ?" 1'

Night after night during the long winter of 1939 -4o, when the armies of France and Germany were lined up facing each other, German loudspeakers blared forth their propaganda : false lists of French "prisoners" were periodically announced; French dignitaries, visiting the front with elaborate secrecy, were greeted by the German loudspeakers; several minutes after a French infantry unit arrived at the front, the Germans announced the name of every member of the unit, his home town, and the names of his officers. This so demoralized the group that it had to be instantly removed."B

Hitler's war of nerves in neutral coun- tries, such as Holland and Belgium, was

5

designed to keep them in a constant state of terror. By means of periodic war scares -carefully planned and re- hearsed-he gradually produced a set of national jitters that left these nations weakened and demoralized.

A typical war scare was engineered in Belgium in January 194o, when an ob- scure Nazi paper reported heavy German troop concentrations along the Belgian borders. Belgian papers fell into the trap by widely reprinting the item. Blood pressure rose all over Belgium. A day later a German plane carrying two German officers became "lost" over Bel- gian territory and was forced to land inside the frontier. Oddly enough, the officers had in their pockets German General Staff "plans" for an invasion of

6

Belgium. Simultaneously, the German Foreign Minister, von Ribbentrop, sum- moned the Belgian Ambassador to his office in Berlin, picked a fight over some minor economic demand, and finally threw the Ambassador out of his office, shouting, "You want war; well, you'll get it !"

Belgian officials immediately sent a hurry call to General Gamelin, chief of the French forces, warning that Belgium momentarily expected a German attack. Defeatist rumors inside Belgium added to the terror. German agents launched whispering campaigns that Belgian de- fenses were obsolete and would crumble like paper before the German onslaught. Swastikas appeared mysteriously on curb- stones, on the walls of buildings, and in

the mails, while Nazi agents distributed Belgian flags bearing swastikas. "Keep this flag," they warned. "When the Ger- mans arrive sew it onto your coat. Then you will surely be well treated." But the Germans did not arrive for 5 months - months of hideous suspense.l"

The Or -Else Technique

Hitler's terror was often less than subtle. The night before the invasion of Norway, the German Ambassador in- vited many prominent Norwegians to his home and showed them "Baptism by Fire," a movie taken during the invasion of Poland. Bombed cities, raging fires, and crushed bodies were pictured in har- rowing detail. Later, over champagne and a midnight supper, the German Am- bassador quietly observed that the Poles could have been spared this tragedy had they granted Hitler's demands. Other nations, he suggested, would do well to remember Poland's fate."

For years the Nazis bloodlessly invaded the Balkans, sending countless German agents armed with brief cases and im- peccable manners to cultivate the friend- ship of business and professional men. Countless German commercial travelers abroad were Nazi agents. From 1933 the Germans worked assiduously at their game, often staying on the job 15 to i8 hours a day, rising early and finishing breakfast in their hotels while the other guests ( doing business as usual) were still snoozing. Spreading the gospel of Hit- ler, some agents wormed their way into the confidence of cabinet ministers, others worked on newspapermen, still others on persons high in financial or military cir- cles. No layer of society was neglected. Different words were chanted to different groups, but always the tune was the same :

"Hitler cannot lose.. There will be no room in southeastern Europe for those who refuse to do business with Hitler. A smart man would climb on the band- wagon now." 18

German importers lured Balkan traders into the trap by agreeing to buy surplus products of these nations, in exchange for German machinery. At one time more than 7o percent of the wheat crop in one or more of the Danubian countries went to Germany. On the surface this ap- peared to be a profitable arrangement, but once Germany controlled this market she could close it at will, and thus plunge these nations into economic chaos.19 If Balkan businessmen refused to knuckle under to Hitler, the Nazis resorted to blackmail, bribery, and assassination. The price of doing business with Hitler not only brought economic strangulation but political suicide. To keep in the good graces of their German masters, Balkan businessmen were ordered, as a mere starter, to adapt themselves to Nazi ways, to fire all anti -Nazi employees, and to stop doing business with Jewish firms and Jewish customers ?°

The Fifth Columns

"National socialism were worthless if limited to Germany alone," Hitler has said, "and if it would not seal the rule of the superior race over the entire world for at least one thousand to two thousand years." 21 To extend national socialism, he is spending $300,000,000 each year to organize Germans abroad, and to spread German propaganda. Directing this sub- versive activity is the Auslands Organiza- tion (Germans Abroad) of the Nazi party, with headquarters in Berlin, boo agencies in foreign countries, and a mem- bership of 4,000,000.

7

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24

In th

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lse 9

warnings to inhabitants of villages and towns, driving entire populations onto the roads, and clogging them so heavily that French reinforcements could not reach the front.

During the most frenzied days of the blitzkrieg, the mayor of Senlis, 3o miles north of Paris, received a phone call. "This is the mayor of Beauvais," said the voice. "The Germans have crossed the Oise River. Evacuate instantly." Out poured the population of Senlis, adding to the already frightful crush on the roads. Only later, when the damage had been done, was it learned that the phone call had come from a German agent.2ó

Confidential orders found on two Ger- man pilots shot down over Poland during the invasion reveal the role that the fifth column was scheduled to play in that country. Poles sympathetic with the Germans, according to the instructions,

the advancing German forces by "clearing the roads for the passage of Ger- man troops; by preventing the Poles from blowing up the bridges and paved high- ways; by starting a minor war in the rear of the Poles." Polish fifth columnists aided German fliers by arranging piles of hay in their fields in the shape of arrows,. pointing straight to munition dumps and other strategic posts.27 While the city was still being valiantly defended, Nazi agents sabotaged the Warsaw radio sta- tion by capturing its wave length and broadcasting from the German border city of Breslau, imitating the familiar voice of the Warsaw announcer. First the Germans raised hopes by falsely an- nouncing that hundreds of British planes had arrived in Poland, that the Allies were thrashing the Germans in the west, and that Italy had entered on the side of Britain and France. Several hours later

10

they crushed those hopes by crying that Warsaw itself had fallen -a good 2 weeks before it surrendered. Many other Pol- ish cities immediately capitulated, feeling that with the capital lost resistance was futile.28

Tactics of Occupation "The idea of pacifism and humanity

may be quite good," Hitler has said, "after the supreme race has conquered and subdued the world." 29 Having con- quered a nation, Hitler enslaves it by mass terror on a scale beyond measure in hu- man history. His "New Order" in Europe is designed to make every con- quered nation, and every person and thing within that nation, totally sub- servient to the Reich. His most brutal terror has been exercised in Poland. Having destroyed Polish cities and homes, and having decreed that Poles are inferior

status, Hitler has systematically tried to break their wills and make them live a sub- human existence. A notice posted on the walls of Torun shortly after the occupa- tion read: "Poles of both sexes, when meeting uniformed representatives of the German Army or Germans wearing arm- lets, must give way to them. The streets belong to the victors, not to the van- quished. . . Polish women who address Volksdeutsche [Germans] or insult them will be sent to houses of prostitution." 8°

To destroy future leadership, the brainiest and most influential men in each district of western Poland ( the portion directly annexed to Germany) were murdered in cold blood, including at least 25,000 re- ligious leaders, wealthy landowners, pro- fessional men, and peasants noted for social activities.81

"An inferior race needs less food and

less culture than a superior race," Dr. Ley, the Nazi head of the Labor Front, de- clared in February 1940. Where Ger- mans in Poland receive 81/2 ounces of margarine and i pint of milk a week, Poles receive none. To demoralize the Poles, alcohol is distributed to peasants in exchange for grain. No classical or patriotic music is permitted. Every monument, every document, every trace of Polish culture is being destroyed.32 The Polish press has been entirely wiped out. Poles cannot mingle with Germans in public conveyances. There is no longer a single Polish school." Jews in Warsaw have been packed into a ghetto in the center of The city, surrounded by an 8 -foot wall, topped by broken glass or barbed wire.84

One million Poles have been shipped into Germany as laborers. Once in Ger- many, they must wear a yellow marker embroidered with a large P. Poles are not considered citizens of the Reich, but are forced, nonetheless, to pay all ordi- nary German taxes. In addition, they pay a 15 percent supertax (for being "in- ferior people ") , as well as a 2 percent tax for the Labor Front (to which they are not admitted), and make constant con- tributions to the Winter Help Fund (in which they do not share) .85 Nearly 2,000,000 Poles have been lifted bodily from their homes in the western prov- inces and shipped to the Government - General of Poland in the center of the country. These deportations are carried out between i and 4 in the morning. The Gestapo surrounds a section of the town without previous warning, ropes off all exits, and awakens the inhabitants. Given 3 hours to pack one suitcase or parcel, they are locked in cattle cars, and taken to central Poland, food being

thrown into the car by guards. Before leaving, the Gestapo makes them prepare for the arrival of people who will live in their homes ( Germans imported from the Reich) by leaving the keys hanging on the doorknob." They never see their homes again.

According to Cardinal Hlond of Po- land, the Catholic church has been prac- tically wiped out in western Poland. Three -quarters of the population have been deprived of the services of the church, even on their deathbeds. In the archdioceses of Poznañ and Gniezno alone, 631 churches, 454 chapels, and 253 convents and religious edifices have been destroyed or closed.87

Thus has the "New Order" polluted Europe.

Tactics in America

"America is permanently on the brink of revolution," Hitler has said. "It will be a simple matter for me to produce re- volts and unrest in the United States, so that these gentry will have their hands full." 88

Simple matter? That depends on us, and on how well we profit from the lessons of Europe. We have seen how Hitler's strategy created internal distress in every nation he planned to attack. We have seen how he undermined civilian morale, separated governments from their allies, set group against group. We have seen the extent of his subtlety and the depth of his terror -before invasion, during in- vasion, and after occupation.

The United States is still intact, but Hitler hopes to destroy that unity, physi- cally and mentally. All his tricks are now being directed against us. Our job today is one of individual awareness, in order to avoid falling into Hitler's trap.

11

Hitler propaganda wears a thousand false faces. It never announces itself as "Nazi." It appears where least ex- pected, and under the most innocent auspices, often turning up as the latest funny story told during lunch.

German propagandists first told the story- widely circulated some months ago -about the Englishman, Dutchman, Frenchman, and Greek who were flying toward England in a crippled plane. To lighten the load and save the plane, ad- vised the pilot, some people would have to jump. Both the Frenchman and Dutchman promptly dove out the door. "For our countries !" they cried. The plane still faltered, and the pilot called for one more man to sacrifice his life. The Englishman arose, his face grave. "For England !" he said solemnly -pushing the Greek overboard.39 Many people inno- cently repeated this story without realiz- ing its aim: to create contempt for our ally, and leave the impression that other people fight his battles.*

We must not fall into the trap of as- suming that, since the closing of the Ger- man consulates, German propagandists have been silenced. Transocean News Service, posing as a legitimate news bu- reau, spread Hitler propaganda through- out North America. The German Li- brary of Information and the German Railroads Information sent out tons of attractively printed "white books" and "news letters" of German propaganda to businessmen, clergymen, editors, and

*In this connection, it is significant that to Decem- ber 31, 1941, 71.3 percent of British Commonwealth casualties (both dead and wounded) were United Kingdom troops from England, Scotland, and North Ireland; 18.2 percent were Dominion troops (Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa) ; 5.5 percent were from India (including many United Kingdom troops) ; 5 percent were Colonials. (British Ministry of Information.)

12

others. Using huge mailing lists, they flooded the country with pamphlets dis- cussing the "German side." Heavier fare was dispensed by the American Fellow- ship Forum, which ostensibly tried to foster better German- American relations by weighty discussions, but actually pre- sented Hitler's views in sugar- coated form to many loyal, unsuspecting Ameri- cans.40 Although these organizations no longer function in the United States, many of their ideas are still being spread by publications and groups, often uncon- sciously and without knowledge of the source.

Before Pearl Harbbr

For several years before Pearl Harbor, Hitler propaganda in this country at- tempted to paralyze our thinking -to give the impression that the war was none of our business; that no one would dare to attack us; that our two oceans would pro- tect us; that, anyway, Hitler had no in- terest in the Western Hemisphere ; that if we would only refrain from doing any- thing Hitler didn't like, Hitler would leave ùs alone; that anyone who warned us that Hitler meant what he said was a warmonger; that anyone who urged us to gain time for our own defense by helping those who were already opposing Hitler was trying to lead us into war.

The line is familiar enough. It didn't fool the American people. But it was picked up and repeated by many groups of Americans -people who would have been shocked to learn that they were car- rying the Nazi message.

Today most of these Americans have recanted publicly or in private. A few mumble, "I told you so" -and hope no one will remember what it was they really

THE BRITISH 3z Z- Z -Z THE AMERICANS 82-Z -z-

told. The rest see very well and under- stand very clearly that history has caught up with the words they uttered. They understand now the cynical dishonesty of the Nazi opiates. They remember the words which said: if the Nazis can't cross the 20 miles of the English Channel, how can they cross the 3,000 miles of the At- lantic? There are dead men in the waters off New Jersey and Hatteras who can ber the words which said : "The Western Hemisphere, by itself, possesses all the materials necessary for American indus- try in war or peace. Large stocks [of rubber] on hand, plus a growing synthetic industry, will prevent any real emergency, whatever happens in the Netherlands In- dies and British Malaya." The tire ra- tioning boards will appreciate that state- ment now that Singapore has fallen. They remember the words which said : the Japs and the Nazis will leave us alone if we'll only negotiate with them, try to get on well with them. Pearl Harbor knows the answer to that -Pearl Harbor and the office of Cordell Hull where the Axis diplomats bowed and smirked and negotiated while the bombs fell.

With this strategy of deceit, Hitler suc- ceeded in duping many loyal Americans. Many rumors, all of them false, were

spread throughout the country to de- moralize not only the draftees but their parents at home. Stories were cir- culated of epidemics in Army camps, bad food, and numerous desertions. Ac- cording to rumors, maneuvers were being held in localities so infested with rattle- snakes that thousands of soldiers were dying of snake bites. As in France, post- cards were mailed to parents, painting

in The British, the Jews, and the Roosevelt Administration were accused of driving the country into war.

War has only intensified the barrage of propaganda. Day after day, the Axis short waves pour falsehoods into the United States. Hitler communicates with his agents here by these short -wave broadcasts. Listening to the programs, they learn the current propaganda line and immediately act upon it, spreading rumors that will leave the impression on American minds that Hitler wishes to leave. Since the war began, German short waves have shouted of barricades in the streets of Washington, of panic on the stock market, of exaggerated losses at Pearl Harbor and throughout the Pa- cific.41 German short -wave stories of losses at Pearl Harbor, for example, gave the signal for the Hitler agents to spread

13

rumors that we had lost our fleet, and that our naval officials were traitors.

Hitler short -wave broadcasts have charged that landing of American troops in North Ireland was timed "to coincide with Roosevelt's gradual absorption of Australia and Canada." Via short wave, Hitler tells us that "American for- eign policy is dictated from Downing Street rather than from Washington, and will leave America holding the bag." To England, however, he cries, "The British Empire is dissolving like a lump of sugar into Roosevelt's teacup." Every sign of doubt and confusion is magnified a thou- sand -fold and sent back over the air.

What Hitler Wants Us to Believe

To destroy our national unity, create unrest in all groups of the population, and deflect us from our major purpose -the defeat of the Axis- Hitler is trying to set capital against labor, white against Negro, Catholic against Protestant, Christian against Jew. He knows that prejudice, in any form, plays his game. Controlling the sources of news in every occupied country, and often in neutral nations, he releases only such news as he wants us to read. He will try to play upon our fears, raise our hopes, confuse and bewilder us. Through statements from "authoritative sources" he will pre- sent false and misleading pictures, often leading us to believe that he is weak when he is strong, napping when he is preparing to spring.

His strategy will follow no set pattern. One line will be pursued today, another tomorrow. But always his broad aims will be the same : to separate us from our allies by arousing distrust of them; to create friction within the United States in

14

order to divert us from our true enemy - the Axis; to paralyze our will to fight.

Hitler wants us to believe that :

Democracy is dying. Our armed forces are weak. The "New Order" is inevitable. We are lost in the Pacific. Our West Coast is in such grave dan-

ger there is no point in fighting on. The British are decadent, and "sold

us a bill of goods." The cost of the war will bankrupt the

nation. Civilian sacrifices will be more than

we can bear. Stalin is getting too strong, and Bol-

shevism will sweep over Europe. Our leaders are incompetent, our

Government incapable of waging war.

Aid to our allies must stop. Our real peril is the Japanese, and

we must join Germany to stamp out the "Yellow Peril."

We must bring all our troops and weapons back to the United States, and defend only our own shores.

The Chinese and the British will make a separate peace with Japan and Germany.

American democracy will be lost luring the war.

To spread these and other lies, Hitler will pull every trick in his black bag. But Americans will not be fooled. We know that Hitler, who acts like a terror, is really the most frightened man on earth. The upraised arm, the shouting voice, the mighty bluster, all mask a mortal dread of the weapon that makes men free: the truth. We are armed with the truth, and we will crush the tyrant.

Sources ' Federal Communications Commission Monitoring

Digest: Berlin, 8:15 p. m. news broadcast, De- cember 15, 1941.

2 Hermann Rauschning: The Voice of Destruction, p. 10.

'Edmond Taylor: The Strategy of Terror, p. 73. Ibid., p. 205. Interview with André Visson.

e Edmond Taylor: "The Strategy of Terror" (Reader's Digest, September 1940) .

° André Visson: Article in New York Herald Tribune, October 1 o, 1941.

8 Edmond Taylor: The Strategy of Terror, p. 103. 9 Ibid., pp. 196 -197.

" ° Ibid., p. 179. " German propaganda leaflet in Library of Congress

War Collection. 17 A. H. Narracott: War News Had Wings, p. 57. " Wallace R. Deuel: Hitler and Nazi Germany Un-

censored, p. 7. 19 Leaflets in Library of Congress War Collection. "Edmond Taylor: The Strategy of Terror, pp. 1g1-

202. "Ibid., pp. 200 -201. " Life, May 13, 1940. " Leland Stowe: No Other Road to Freedom, pp.

203 -220. " Edmond Taylor: "How America Can Take the Of-

fensive" (Fortune, May 1941). R' Ibid. " Adolf Hitler, quoted by Otto Strasser in Aufbau des

deutschen Sozialismus. 22 Wm. Donovan and E. A. Mowrer: Fifth Column

Lessons for America; the editors of Fortune: "The War of Nerves: U. S. Front" (Fortune, October 1940).

29 Wm. Donovan and E. A. Mowrer: Fifth Column Lessons for America.

24 Polish Ministry of Information, London: The Ger- man Fifth Column in Poland; Carl J. Hambro: I Saw It Happen in Norway.

"Wm. Donovan and E. A. Mowrer: Fifth Column Lessons for America.

"Thomas Kernan: France on Berlin Time. " Polish Ministry of Information, London: The Ger-

man Fifth Column in Poland. 2' Ibid. " Adolf Hitler: Mein Kampf. 30 Polish Information Center, New York: Documents

8 and 9 (Extermination of the Polish People and Colonization by German Nationals).

31Ibid. " Cardinal Hlond, Primate of Poland: The Persecu-

tion of the Catholic Church in Poland. "Ibid. "Demaree Bess: "Poland in Chains" (The Saturday

Evening Post, April 5, 1941) .

" Thomas Reveille: The Spoil of Europe. " Polish Ministry of Information, London: Poland

After One Tear of War; Cardinal Hlond: The Persecution of the Catholic Church in Poland; Polish Information Center, New York: Docu- ments 8 and 9.

" Cardinal Hlond: The Persecution of the Catholic Church in Poland.

98 Hermann Rauschning: The Voice of Destruction, P. 4.

39 Henry F. Pringle: "Don't Believe a Word of It!" (Collier's, January 57, 1942).

90 Special Committee on Un- American Activities - House of Representatives, 67th Cong., 3d sess., on H. Res. 282- Appendix, Part II.

" Federal Communications Commission Monitoring Digests, week of December 15, 1941.

D. R. Fitzpatrick of the St. Louis Post -Dispatch illustrated this pamphlet as a contribution to the war effort.

* U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1942 16- 27010-1

15

OFFICE OF FACTS AND FIGURES WASHINGTON, D. C.

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE TO AVOID PAYMENT OF POSTAGE, $300

DIVIDE' CONQOER For additional copies, write Office of Facts and Figures,

Washington, D. C.

c3interitatimte ;'ZtVa- erkxtr¢ GENERAL OFFICES

235 EAST 45?t+ STREET, NEW YORK CITY March 30, 1942

Mr. Richard C. Rothschild 15th Floor 386 Fourth Avenue New York City

Dear Mr. Rothschild:

I thought you would be interested in seeing the story we carried about the "Divide and Conquer" pamphlet and also the attached clipping from the Sunday Mirror, which gave it very good position next to the Winchell column- -the most widely read page in the paper.

Best regards.

Si yours,

S -ymou Berkson

SB/ks /¡JQ att.

c3intrrrta#taztztl Nttro GENERAL OFFICES

235 EAST 45TH STREET, NEW YORK CITY

March 31, 1942

Mr. Richard C. Rothschild 15th Floor 386 Fourth Avenue New York City

Dear Mr. Rothschild:

Herewith please find some additional tearsheets from

out -of -town showing how our story on the "Divide and Conquer"

pamphlet was displayed.

Best regards.

SB /ks att.

inc ere o s,

) o Be son

TXN47 (FOR RELEASE IN PAPERS OF- .SUNDAY, MARCH 29)

BY WILLIAM L. UMSTEAD

INTERNATIONAL NEWS SERVICE STAFF CORRESPONDENT

WASHINGTON, MARCH 28- (INS) -AN EXPOSE OF GERMAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES

AND OBJECTIVES IN THE UNITED STATES, WHICH ARE SUBJECTING THIS COUNTRY

TO A *BARRAGE OF THE NAZI STRATEGY OF TERROR," WAS PLACED BEFORE THE

AMERICAN PUBLIC TONIGHT BY THE OFFICE OF FACTS AND FIGURES.

IN A DOCUMENTED PAMPHLET ENTITLED "DIVIDE AND CONQUER," THE OFF

DISCLOSED NAZI PROPAGANDA METHODS TO SEPARATE US FROM OUR ALLIES BY

AROUSING DISTRUST OF THEM; TO CREATE FRICTION WITHIN THE UNITED STATES

IN ORDER TO DIVERT US FROM OUR TRUE ENEMY --THE AXIS; TO PARALYZE OUR

WILL TO FIGHT,"

THE PAMPHLET EXPLAINS THAT THE NAZI PROPAGANDA TECHNIQUES DIRECTED

AGAINST THIS COUNTRY ARE COMPARABLE WITH THOSE USED BY HITLER AGAINST

THE EUROPEAM NAT 4+4 ?'w!!T MF NAs rONWInRFn,

*DIVIDE AND CONQUER" RECORDS HITLER'S ATTEMPTS TO SEPARATE THE FRENCH

AND BRITISH EARLY IN THE WAR, HIS CREATION OF INTERNAL DISORDERS IN

BELGIUM BEFORE THE INVASION OF THAT COUNTRY, AND OTHER HISTORICAL

DETAILS OF THE NAZI *STRATEGY OF TERROR."

ACCORDING TO THE PAMPHLET, SHORT WAVE BROADCASTS FROM ENEMY AND CON-

TROLLED COUNTRIES, RUMORS, ENEMY AGENTS AND INNOCENT DUPES ARE USED BY

THE NAZIS IN THEIR PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES.

"HITLER IS TRYING TO SET CAPITAL AGAINST LABOR, WHITE AGAINST NEGRO,

CATHOLIC AGAINST PROTESTANT, CHRISTIAN AGAINST JEW," THE PAMPHLET WARNS.

"HE KNOWS THAT PREJUDICE, IN ANY FORM, PLAYS HIS GAME." (MORE) I238ACR

TXN48 ADD UMSTEAD WASHN (FOR SUNDAY) XXX GAME*"

THE FOLLOWING FIFTEEN GERMAN PROPAGANDA OBJECTIVES IN THE UNITED

STATES WERE LISTED BY THE PAMPHLET:

1, DEMOCRACY IS DYING*

"2* OUR ARMED FORCES ARE WEAK.

"3, THE NEW ORDER" IS INEVITABLE*

"4* WE ARE LOST IN THE PACIFIC.

"5* OUR WEST COAST IN SUCH GRAVE DANGER THERE IS NO POINT IN FIGHTING

ON

"6, THE BRITISH ARE DECADENT, AND "SOLD US A BILL OF GOODS,

"70 THE COST OF THE WAR WILL BANKRUPT THE NATION.

8# CIVILIAN SACRIFICES WILL BE MORE THAN WE CAN BEAR*

"9, STALIN IS GETTING TOO STRONG, AND BOLSHEVISM WILL SWEEP OVER

EUR OPE,, ,40********iiiimillogri

"0* OUR LEADERS ARE INCOMPETENT, OUR GOVERNMENT INCAPABLE OF WAGING

WAR*

"AA, AID TO OUR ALLIES MUST STOP,

"12e OUR REAL PERIL IS THE JAPANESE, AND WE MUST JOIN GERMANY TO STAMP

OUT THE "YELLOW PERIL,

"i3, WE MUST BRING ALL OUR TROOPS AND WEAPONS BACK TO THE UNITED

STATES, AND DEFEND ONLY OUR OWN SHORESO

"I4, THE CHINESE AND THE BRITISH WILL MAKE A SEPARATE PEACE WITH

JAPAN AND GERMANY.

"15, AMERICAN DEMOCRACY WILL BE LOST DURING THE WAR."

"HITLER KNOWS THAT IN ORDER TO CONQUER THE WORLD HE MUST FIRST

ENSLAVE THE MIND OF MAN, AND TOWARD THAT END HE IS CARRYING OUT A PRO''

GRAM OF PROPAGANDA, BLACKMAIL AND DEATH, BECAUSE HE FEARS TRUTH,

HE HAS TRIED EVERY MEANS OF WIPING IT OFF THE FACE OF THE EARTH," OFF'S

PAMPHLET DECLARES* (MORE) 1243ACR

TXW49 ADD UMSTEAD WASHN (FOR SUNDAY X X X DECLARES. "MENTAL CONFUSION, INDECISIVENESS, PANIC,r HITLER ONCE SAID, 'THESE

ARE OUR WEAPONS*' THE UNITED STATES IS NOW SUBJECT TO A TOTAL BARRAGE

OF THE NAZI STRATEGY OF TERRORS HITLER THINKS AMERICANS ARE SUCKERS*

BY THE VERY VASTNESS OF HIS PROGRAM OF LIES, HE HOPES TO FRIGHTEN US

INTO BELIEVING THAT THE NAZIS ARE INVINCIBLE *"

*DIVIDE AND CONQUER" POINTS OUT THAT THE FACT GERMAN CONSULATES HAVE

BEEN CLOSED DOES NOT SILENCE THE NAZI PROPAGANDISTS IN THIS COUNTRY*

FOR SEVERAL YEARS BEFORE PEARL HARBOR, THE PAMPHLET CONTINUES, HITLER

PROPAGANDA IN THIS COUNTRY ATTEMPTED TO "PARALYZE OUR THINKING --PTO

GIVE THE IMPRESSION THAT THE WAR WAS NONE OF OUR BUSINESS** *"

"WAR HAS ONLY INTENSIFIED THE BARRAGE OF PROPAGANDA.* DAY AFTER DAY,

THE AXIS SHORT WAVES POUR FALSEHOODS INTO THE UNITED STATES. HITLER

COMMUNICATES WITH HIS AGENTS HERE BY THESE SHORTWAVE BROADCASTS,

LISTENING TO THE PROGRAMS, THEY LEARN THE CURRENT PROPAGANDA LINE AND

IMMEDIATELY ACT UPON IT SPR .A ;iNG J'ó " T FT ` #ILL LFAVF THE IMPRESSION

ON AMERICAN MINDS THAT HITLER WISHES TO LEAVE*

"SINCE THE WAR BEGAN, GERMAN SHORT WAVES HAVE SHOUTED OF BARRICADES

IN THE STREETS OF WASHINGTON, OF PANIC ON THE STOCK MARKET, OF EXAGGER-

ATED LOSSES AT PEARL HARBOR AND THROUGHOUT THE PACIFIC* GERMAN SHORT

WAVE STORIES OF LOSSES AT PEARL HARBOR FOR EXAMPLE, GAVE THE SIGNAL

FOR THE HITLER AGENTS TO SPREAD RUMORS THAT WE HAD LOST OUR FLEET,

AND THAT OUR NAVAL OFFICIALS WERE TRAITORS*

".,,.TO SPREAD THESE AND OTHER LIES, HITLER WILL PULL EVERY TRICK

IN HIS BLACK BAG, BUT AMERICANS WILL NOT BE FOOLED, WE KNOW THAT

HITLER, WHO ACTS LIKE. .A TERROR, IS REALLY THE MOST FRIGHTENED MAN ON

EARTH,"

I249ACR,,a

HOW HITLER PLAYS

US FOR 'SUCKERS'

Propaganda to Stir Contro-

versy Here Exposed by U. S.

WASHINGTON, March 28 -(INS) -An expose of German propaganda activities and objectives in the United States, which are subjecting this country to a "barrage of the Nazi strategy of terror," was placed before the American public tonight by the Office of Facts and Figures.

In a documented pamphlet en- titled "Divide and Conquer," the OFF disclosed Nazi propaganda methods "to separate us from our allies by arousing distrust of them; to create friction within the United

'States in order to divert us from our true enemy -the Axis; to para- lyze our will to fight."

The pamphlet explains that the Nazi propaganda techniques direct -_ ed against this country are com- parable with those used by Hitler against the European nations that he has conquered.

"Divide and Conquer" records Hitler's attempts to separate the French and British early in the war, his . creation of internal disorders in Belgium before the invasion of that

country, and other historical details of the Nazi "strategy of terror.

According to the pamphlet, short- wave broadcasts from enemy and controlled countries, rumors, enemy agents and innocent dupes are used by the Nazis in their propaganda activities.

Conquer by Controversy "Hitler is trying to set capital

against labor, white against Negro, Catholic against Protestant, Chris- tian against Jew," the pamphlet warns. "He knows that prejudice, in any form, plays his game."

The following 15 German propa- ganda objectives in the United States were listed by the pamphlet: "1- Democracy is dying.

"2 -Our armed forces are weak. "3 -The 'new order' is. inevitable. "4-We are' lost in the Pacific. "5 -Our west coast in such grave

danger there is no point in fighting on.

"6 -The British are decadent, and 'sold us a bill of goods.'

"7 -The cost of the war will bankrupt the nation.

"8- Civilian sacrifices will be more than we can bear. "9- Stalin is getting too strong, and Bolshevism will sweep over Europe.

"10 -Our leaders are incompetent, ur_g vernrnent incapable, of wag- ing war.

"11-Aid to our allies must stop. "12 -Our real peril is the Jap-

anese, and we must join Germany to stamp out the 'yellow peril.'

"13 -We must bring all our troops and weapons back to the United States, and defend only our own shores.

"14 -The Chinese and the British will make a separate peace with Japan and Germany.

"15- American democracy will be lost during the war."

"Hitler knows that in order to conquer the world he' must first enslave the mind of man, and toward that end he is carrying out a program of propaganda, black- mail and death. Because he fears truth, he has tried every means of wiping it off the face of the earth," OFF's pamphlet declares.

"'Mental confusion, indecisive - ness, panic,' Hitler once said, 'these are our weapons.'

Thinks Americans `!Suckers" "The United States is now subject

to a total barrage of the Nazi strat- egy of terror. Hitler thinks Ameri- cans are suckers. By the very vast- ness of his program of lies, he hopes to frighten us into believing that the Nazis are invincible."

"Divide and conquer" points out that the fact German consulates have been closed does not silence the Nazi propagandists in this country. For several years before Pearl Harbor, the pamphlet con- tinues, Hitler propaganda in this country attempted to "paralyze our thinking -to give - the impression that the war was none of our busi- ness."

"War has only intensified the barrage of propaganda. Day after day, the Axis short waves pour falsehoods into the United States. Hitler communicates with his agents here by these shortwave broadcasts. Listening to the programs, they learn the current propaganda line and immediately act upon it spread- ing rumors that will leave the im- ,pression on American minds that Hitler wishes to leave.

"Since the war began, German short waves have shouted of barri- cades in the streets of Washington, of panic on the stock market, of exaggerated losses at Pearl Harbor end throughout the Pacific. Ger- nan short wave stories of losses at pearl Harbor for example, gave the >ignal for the Hitler agents to spread rumors that we had lost our fleet, and that our naval officials were traitors.

. To spread these and other ies, Hitler will pull every trick in lis black bag. But Americans will of be fooled. We know that Hit - r, who acts like a terror,ois really me most frightened man on earth."

NAZI PROPAGANDA

TACTICS REVEALED

Strategy of Terror Being Used in U. S. in Effort

to Create Friction

Washington, March 28.- (INS): An expose of German propaganda activities and objectives in the United States, which are subject- ing this country to a "barrage of the Nazi strategy of terrror," was placed before the American public tonight by the office of facts and figures.

In a documented pamphlet en- titled "Divide and Conquer," the official disclosed Nazi propaganda methods "to separate us from our allies by arousing distrust of them; to create friction within the United States in order to divert us from our true enemy -the axis to para- lyze our will to fight."

The pamphlet explains that the Nazi propaganda 'techniques direct- ed against this country are com- parable with those used by Hitler against the European nations that he has conquered.

"Divide and Conquer" records Titler's attempts to separate the ench and British early in the war,

his creation of internal disorders in Belgium before the invasion of that country, and other historical details of the Nazi "strategy of terror ".

Innocent Dupes Used According to the pamphlet, short

wave broadcasts from enemy and controlled countries, rumors, enemy agents and innocent dupes are used by the Nazis in their propaganda activities.

"Hitler is trying to set capital against labor, white against negro, Catholic . against Protestant, Chris- tian against Jew," the pamphlet warns. "He knows that prejudice, in any form, plays his game."

The following fifteen German propaganda objectives in the Unit- ed" States were listed by the pamph- let:

"1. Democracy is dying. "2. Our armed forces are weak. "3. The 'new order' is inevitable. "4. We are lost in the Pacific. "5. Our west coast in such grave.1

danger there is no point in fight- ing on.

"O. 'The British are deèadent, and 'Sold us a bill of goods.'

"7. The cost of the war will bank- rupt the nation. "8. Civilian sacrifices will be

more than we can bear. Reds Too Strong

"9. Stalin is getting too strong, and bolshevism will sweep over Eu- rope. ,x "10. Our leaders are incompetent,

our government incapable of wag- ing war.

"11. Aid to our allies must stop. "12. Our real peril is the Japa-

nese, and we must join Germany to stamp out the 'yellow peril.'

"13. We must bring all our troops and weapons back to the United States, and defend only our own shores.

"14. The Chinese and the British will make. a se a

"15. American democracy will be lost during the war."

"Hitler knows that in order to conquer the world he must first en- slave the mind of man, and toward that end he is carrying out a pro- gram of propaganda, blackmail and death. Because he fears truth, he has tried every means of wiping it off the face of the earth," OFF's pamphlet declares.

Propagandists Not Silenced "'Mental confusion, indecisive-

ness, panic,' Hitler once said, 'these are our weapons.' The United States is now subject to a total bar - rage of the Nazi strategy of terror. Hitler thinks Americans are suck- ers. By the very vastness of his

rupt the nation. "8. Civilian sacrifices will be

more than we can bear. Reds Too Strong

"9. Stalin is getting too strong, and bolshevism will sweep over Eu- rope.

"10. Our leaders are incompetent, our government incapable of wag- ing war.

"11. Aid to our allies must stop. '12. Our real peril is the Japa-

nese, and we must join Germany to stamp out the `yellow peril.'

"13. We must bring all our troops and weapons back to the United States, and defend only our own shores.

"14. The Chinese and the British will make a separate, pace with

"15. American democracy will be lost during the war."

"Hitler knows that in order to

conquer the world he must first en- slave the mind of man, and toward that end he is carrying out a pro- gram of propaganda, blackmail and death. Because he fears truth, he has tried every means of wiping it off the face of the earth," OFF's pamphlet declares.

Propagandists Not Silenced "'Mental confusion, indecisive-

ness, panic,' Hitler once said, `these

are our weapons.' The United States is now subject to a total bar- rage of the Nazi strategy of terror. Hitler thinks Americans are suck - ers. By the very vastness of his program of lies, he hopes to frighten us into believing that the Nazis are invincible."

"Divide and Conquer" points out that the fart German consulates have been closed does not silence the Nazi . propagandists in this country. For several years before Pearl Harbor, the pamphlet con- tinues, Hitler propaganda in this country attempted to "paralyze our thinking -to give the impression that the war was none of our busi- ness...

"War has only intensified the barrage of propaganda. Day after day, the Axis short waves pour falsehoods into the United States. Hitler communicates with his agents hereby these shortwave broadcasts. Listening to the programs, they learn the current propaganda line and immediately act upon it spread- ing rumors that will leave the im- pression on American minds that Hitler wishes to leave.

"Since the war began, German short waves have shouted of barri- cades in the streets of Washington, of panic on the stock. market, of ex- aggerated losses at Pearl Harbor and throughout the Pacific. Ger- man short wave stories of losses at Pearl Harbor for example, gave the signal for ' the Hitler agents to spread rumors that we had lost our fleet, and that our naval officials were traitors.

. To spread these and other lies, Hitler will pull every trick in his black bag. But Americans will not be fooled. We know that Hitler, who acts like a terror, is really the most frightened man on earth."

U.S. Exposes 15

Tricks. of Nazis

To Confú'e Us WASHINGTON, M a r c h 28

(INS) -An expose of German propaganda activities and objec- tives in the U. S., which are sub- jecting this country to a "bar- rage of the Nazi strategy of ter- ror," was placed before the na- tion tonight by the Office of Facts and Figures.

In a documented pamphlet en- titled "Divide and Conquer," the OFF disclosed Nazi propaganda methods "to separate us from our allies by arousing distrust of them; to create friction within the United States in order to di- vert us from our true enemy - the Axis; to paralyze our will to fight."

The pamphlet that the Nazi propaganda techniques directed against this country are compar- able with those used by Hitler against the European nations he has conquered.

"Divide and Conquer" records Hitler's attempts to separate the French and British early in the war, his creation of internal dis- orders in Belgium before the in- vasion of that country, and other historical details of the Nazi "strategy of terror."

According to the pamphlet,; shortwave broadcasts f r o m' enemy and controlled countries, rumors, enemy agents and inno- cent dupes are used by the Nazis.

"Hitler is trying to set capi- tal against labor, white against Negro, Catholic against Pro. testant, Christian aaginst Jew," the pamphlet w a r n s. "He knows that prejudice, in any form, plays his game" The following 15 German

propaganda objectives In the U. S. were listed by the pamphlet:

1. Democracy is dying; 2. Our armed forces are weak; 3. The "New Order" is inevitable; 4. We are lost in the Pacific: 5. Our West Coast is in such grave dan- ger there is no point fighting on; 6. The British are decadent, and "sold us a bill of goods "; 7. Cost of the war will bankrupt the nation; 8. Civilian sacrifices will be more than we can bear; 9. Stalin is getting too strong, and Bolshevism will sweep Europe; 10. Our leaders are in- competent, our Government is in- capable of waging war; 11. Aid to our allies must stop; 12. Our real peril is the Japanese, and we must join Germany to stamp out the "yellow peril "; 13. We must bring all our troops and weapons back to the U. S. and defend only our own shores; 14. The Chinese and the British will make a separate peace with Japan and Germany; 15. American democ- racy will be lost during the war."