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The Constitution
7 ARTICLES
Lazy: Legislative
Elephants: Executive
Jump: Judicial
Slowly: States
And: Amending
Sleep: Supremacy Clause
Regularly: Ratification
Separation of Powers
Balance of Power
Montesquieu, a Frenchphilosopher, wrote thatthe best way to makesure a government wouldserve the people wouldbe to separate andbalance the differentbranches (parts)of that government.
Legislative BranchMakes THE Laws
Census: population count taken every 10 years since 1790
Quorum: minimum amount of members needed to be present in order to conduct business
Congress CANNOT suspend a Writ of habeas corpus: “you may have the body” – right to be brought before a court (protect against unlawful imprisonment)
Congress CANNOT pass ex post facto laws: makes criminal acts that were legal when committed “after the fact”
House of Representatives
435 members
Senate100 members
Qualifications
25 years oldCitizen for 7 yearsInhabitant of that state
30 years oldCitizen for 9 yearsInhabitant of that state
2 years
6 years
Speaker of the House: chosen head officer
President: VP (only votes in the event of a tie)President Pro Tempore:president in the absence of the VP
Term of Office
Officers
Congress
Executive BranchENFORCES THE LAWS
QUALIFICATIONS• Natural born citizen• 35 years old• Resident for 14 years
TERM OF OFFICE4 years (2 term limit: 22nd
amendment)
Elected by:Electoral College
Advisors = Cabinet
Succession (25th amendment): VP>Speaker of the House>Pro
Tempore>Cabinet…
• A nice house!• Salary of $400,000 per
year (taxable) • Expense account of
$50,000 per year (taxable)
• Travel expenses of $100,000 per year (tax-free)
• Pension• A personal airplane - Air
Force One • A place in the country -
Camp David • A fine chef
Benefits
Judicial Branch(Interprets Laws)
QUALIFICATIONS FOR SUPREME CT
• NONE!
TERM OF OFFICE• LIFE!
Only crime mentioned in Constitution…
Treason: levying war, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid or comfort. This offence is punished with death. No person shall be convicted of treason, unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court.
SCOTUS
Thomas Ginsberg
Chief Justice Roberts
ScaliaKennedy
Alito
Stevens Souter
Breyer
The Three Branches and Levels of Government
Legislative (Makes Laws)
Executive (Enforces Laws)
Judicial (Interprets Laws)
Federal
CongressHouse of Representatives (435)Senate (100)
PresidentVice-President/CabinetCommander-in-Chief of armed forces.
Supreme Court (9)1 Chief Justice8 Associate JusticesCircuit Courts of Appeal (13)
State New Jersey
LegislatureGeneral Assembly (80)Senate (40)
Governor: John Corzine Cabinet (22)
Supreme Court (7)1 Chief Justice6 Associate Justices
LocalEvesham Township
Town CouncilDebbie Sarcone, John McKenna, Chris Brown
Mayor: Randy BrownDeputy Mayor: Mike Schmidt
Municipal Court
Municipal Court Judge
menedezlautenberg
Corzine
Checks and Balances
Article IV: States
• Citizens are entitled to all the privileges in each state (I.e., driving, marriage, etc)
• Extradition: cannot escape punishment by fleeing to another state; must be returned to the 1st state to stand trial
Article V: Amending the Constitution
• “living, breathing, document” that can be amended
• Amendment: addition to, deletion from or change
Article VI:Supremacy of National
Govt• The Constitution is the “Supreme Law of the
Land”
Article VII:Ratification• 9 out of 13 states needed to ratify (confirm)