CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

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OVERVIEW

• Introduction• Steel• Aluminium• Aggregates• Portland Cement• Portland Cement Concrete• Masonry• Asphalt Binders and Asphalt Mixtures• Wood

INTRODUCTION

In this presentation ,the purpose is the explainmost common construction materials in a shortway without using detailed datas andinformation.There are so many materials whichare used by engineers and designers inconstruction project.We will investigate mostpopular materials in this presentation justunderstand the materials briefly.

1. STEEL

Combining iron with carbon ,we can produce steel.Steel products used in construction can be classified as listed below ;1. Structural steel produced by continuous casting and hot rolling for large structural shapes ,plates and sheet steel.2. Cold-formed steel produced by cold-forming of sheet steel into desired shapes.3. Fastening products used for structural connections ,including bolts ,nuts and washers4. Reinforcing steel (rebars) for use in concrete reinforcement.5. Miscellaneous products for use in such applications as forms and pans.

2. ALUMINUM

Aluminum is the most plentiful metal on Earth .The proporties of pure aluminum is not suitable for structural applications.Some industrial applications require pure aluminum , therefore alloying elements are almost always added.These alloying elements ,along with cold working and heat treatments ,effect characteristics of the aluminum that make this product suitable for some constructional applications.With the aid of these process ,now we can use aluminium as structural window frame ,building facede etc…On the other hand aluminum has some advantages to use which are listed below ;1. One-third density of the steel 2. Good thermal and electric conductivity3. Easy welding and workability4. Not rust5. Easily machined 6. Nonmagnetic and nontoxic

3. AGGREGATE

Aggregate means a mass of crushed stone ,gravel and sand etc…There are two type of aggregate basicly ;1. Course Aggregate that retained on a 4.75 mm sieve.2. Fine Aggregate that pass a 4.75 mm sieve.There are two main uses of aggregates in construction ;1. Underlying material for foundations to adding stability or drainage layer.2. Ingredients of portland cement concrete ,%60 - %75 of the volume and %79 - %85 of the weight.

4. PORTLAND CEMENT

Portland cement concrete is the most popular used manufactured construction material in the world.It is used in construction and structures such as ; buildings ,bridges ,tunnels ,dams ,factories ,hotels ,pavements etc…Portland cement is the one of the most important ingredients ofconcrete.Cement designate the quality and stregnth of the concrete.With adding water to cement that bonds together the aggregates to produce concrete.Also in construction ,we use cement as a ingredient to make plaster works.

5. PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE

Concrete is the most popular construction material in the world.Concrete is used for almost all kind of construction works which are listed below;1.Residental Buildings 2.Schools ,Hospitals ,Universities ,Hotels etc…3.Tunnels4.Bridges5.Dams and more …

Cement Paste = Portland Cement + WaterMortar = Portland Cement + Water + SandPC Concrete = Portland Cement + Water + Aggregate (Fine & Course) + Admixture

5.1 PORTLAND CEMENT PROPORTIES

• Versatile • Easily Formed and Shaped• Strong and Durable• Not Rust• Not Need a Coating• Resists Fire (Steel is not correct choose when a

fire situation occur but concrete can be correct choose when a fire situation.)

5.2 ADVANTAGES OF PC CONCRETE

• Cast Ability• Fire Resistance• Aestethic Proporties• On-site Fabrication• Durability• Heat Storage Capability• Longevity• Low Maintenance• Reused or Cycle• Concrete can be reused with bituminous asphalt as road base

materials, can be recycled and reused by crushing into aggregates for new concrete or as fill material for road beds or site works.

5.3 QUALITY OF PC CONCRETEThe quality of concrete depends on some parameters which are listedbelow ;• Cement quality• Water Ratio• Aggregate Types• Admixtures• Proportions• Mixing • Transporting• Hydration• Placing• Vibrating• Curing

5.4 CONCRETE OPERATION ORDER

• Mix Design• Testing• Batching• Mixing• Transportion• Pouring&Placing• Vibration&Consolidation• Curing • Maintenance

6. MASONRY

A masonry structure is formed by combining masonry units such as ; stone ,blocks or bricks with mortar and finishing with plaster.In construction we use especially bricks for some applications which are listed below ;1. Sewers2. Bridge Piers3. Tunnel Linings4. Multistory Buildings to Seperate Flats and RoomsMasonry units can be classified as ;1. Concrete Masonry Units2. Clay Bricks3. Structural Clay Tiles4. Glass Blocks 5. Stone

7. ASPHALT

Bituminous materials are classified as asphalts and tars.Several asphaltproducts are used mostly in highway construction ,but it also used as sealing and waterproofing agents.Tars are produced by the destructive distillation of bituminous coal or by cracking petroleum vapors.In the USA ,tar is used primarily for waterproofing membranes such as roof.

Actually ,asphalt binders and asphalt mixtures is my favourite topics in civil engineering.You can find detailed presentation and slide about this topic in my blog (http://erkintas.blogspot.com.tr).

8. WOOD

Wood , due to it availability ,relatively low cost ,ease of use and durability ,going on to be an importnat civil engineering material.Wood is used for many application in construction which are listed below ;1. Buildings2. Bridges 3. Roofs4. Trusses5. Tree Houses6. Utility Poles7. Wooden Roller CoasterMoreover ,in construction we need wood as a helper material such as laminates ,plywoodand strand board.

THANK YOU

For more slide please visit my blog (http://erkintas.blogspot.com.tr).