Cont. Skeletal Tissues: Cartilage Skeletal Tissues: …orzo.union.edu/~curreyj/BNG-338_files/Lecture...

BNG-338: Lecture 7

Cont. Skeletal Tissues: Cartilage

Skeletal Tissues: Bone

First LBL Presentation on Friday

Wednesday, April 15, 15

Learning ObjectivesDescribe composition of cartilage and types

Describe composition of bone

Name the types of bone cells and describe their roles

Explain the difference between woven and lamellar bone and when they appear

Explain the process of intramembranous ossification


Skeletal Tissues

Cartilage Bone Tendon and Ligament


Types of Cartilage


Hyaline Cartilage

Appears glassy in living tissue

60% to 78% of net weight is water


Elastic CartilageComposed of same components as hyaline cartilage matrix, plus elastic fibers and interconnecting sheets of elastic material

Surrounded by a perichondrium

does not calcify


Fibrocartilage

Difficult to distinguish from dense regular connective tissue

Existence of fibrocartilage indicated that the tissue is required to resist compressive and shear forces


Bone

Specialized connective tissue consisting of a mineralized extracellular matrix with cells residing within this matrix

Mineral contained within the matrix is calcium phosphate in the form of hydroxyapatite crystals


Hierarchical Structure of

Bone


The SEM images of collagen/hydroxyapatite composite materials, recorded at different magnification; (a) parallel view with the fibres, (bc) perpendicular view with the fibres, (d) high resolution SEM at 80,000 magnification.

Ficai, A et al. Chemical Engineering Journal. 160:2: Pages 794-800


OsteocytesReside in lacunae surrounded by EC fluid

Osteocytes have arms that extend into canaliculi and meet processes of other osteocytes

Can pass ions from one cell to another

Believed to be sensors of mechanical load and deformation and can transmit signals to other cells


Bone Cells

There are 4 types of bone cells:

osteocytes

osteoprogenitor cells (bone lining cells)

osteoblasts

osteoclasts


Types of BonesLong bones~ longer in one dimension that the other

Short bones~ nearly equal in length and diameter

Flat bones~ thin and plate like

Irregular or sesamoid bones~ shape does not fit into the 3 previous categories


BoneCortical (Compact) Bone

Porosity of 5-10%

Pores categorized as Haversian canals, Volkmanns canals, and resorption cavities

Cancellous (Spongy) Bone

Porosity of 75-95%

Pores are filled with Marrow

Made up of trabeculae, 200um thick


Long Bones


Bone Continued

Endosteum

Lines marrow cavity and cavities of cortical and cancellous bone

One cell thick which have the capacity to differentiate into osteoblast

Periosteum

Covers outer surface of bone

Contains osteoprogenitor cells


Lamellar vs Woven Bone

Woven Bone

Lamellar Bone


Learning Objectives

Describe composition of cartilage and types

Describe composition of bone

Name the types of bone cells and describe their roles

Explain the difference between woven and lamellar bone and when they appear


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Cont. Skeletal Tissues: Cartilage Skeletal Tissues: …orzo.union.edu/~curreyj/BNG-338_files/Lecture...

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