Contact With North America

European Exploration

Chapter 3

Chapter 3 Vocabulary

1. Renaissance

2. Christopher Columbus

3. Conquistador

4. Juan Ponce de Leon

Chapter 3 Vocabulary

5. Gulf Stream

6. Hernando de Soto

7. Huguenot

8. Monopoly

Chapter 3 Vocabulary

9. Mercantilism

10.Charter

11.Azilia

12.Indentured servant

EQ: Why did Europeans travel so far from home?

• The Renaissance (rebirth)

• Started in Italy• Led to the discovery and exploration of the

Americas because there were changes in – Learning– Trade (pg 39)

• Focus on profit• Sought a more efficient trade route to Asia, by land was too

slow

– Religion

Christopher Columbus

• Believed he could sail west to Asia (pg 40)

• Instead, he found the Americas

• His explorations started a time of great wealth and power for Spain

Ponce de Leon

• Searched for the Fountain of Youth

• Governor of Puerto Rico

• Discovered the Gulf Stream, a powerful ocean current (pg 41)– Made travel back to Spain faster

Hernando de Soto

• (pg 42) First European to explore Georgia• Cruel to Native Americans, making them

distrustful of all Europeans• Soldiers massacred almost 3,000 Natives• His soldiers had to bury his body in the

Mississippi River to keep it from being mutilated

• He and his soldiers brought disease to the tribes

De Soto crossing the Mississippi

Disease

• European diseases – Chicken pox– Measles– deadly to Native Americans who had no

immunities built up because they had never been exposed

Read CRCT Book Page 21Spanish Missions

Answer questions #32, 33, 34

• Incorporate the question into your answer

• Include the letter of your answer

• Turn into the crate when done

• You may quietly read

Spain

• Spanish commander de Aviles destroyed Fort Caroline

• 1568-built the first missions in FL where Ft Caroline had been-START OF MISSION PERIOD

• Missions were built to spread Catholicism and Spanish culture to Natives

Spain, cont’d

• Local chiefs led Natives, but were ruled by Spanish

• Mission system declined because– Native population died out– Missions left empty– Slave revolts– English raids– Mission period ended 1684

EQ: What motivated Spanish explorers?

French Explorations in America

• French explorers came in search of gold and fame

• Tried to establish colonies in GA & FL but were unsuccessful because they were driven out by continued Spanish attacks

• Huguenots came in search of religious freedom

• Huguenots were French Protestants who came to the Americas in search of religious freedom

France, cont’d

• The French explored the INTERIOR of North America

• They controlled most of the land in North America by 1750

• Claimed– Ohio River valley– Mississippi River valley– Great Lakes region

EQ: What motivated French explorers?

England

• Queen Elizabeth I was a Protestant (not Catholic)

• She was an enemy of Spain, who was a Catholic nation

• Her nation, England, defeated the Spanish Armada (powerful naval fleet) proving naval dominance

England, cont’d

Reasons for exploring:

• Looking for gold

• Mercantilism-(control of the balance of trade through monopolies) esp. copper and furs

• Turn to Economics in History SS book pg 50

• Trade of enslaved people (to work the resources

EQ: What motivated English explorers?

• Gulf Stream• Mercantilism• Azilia• Spain• England• Charter• Huguenots• Conquistador• Renaissance• Columbus