Content Management, The OSI Newspaper Model

and NewsXML

Open Systems Interconnection Newspaper Reference Model

News Xtensible Markup Language

David Clark, Bristol Herald CourierNexpo 2007

Content Management

• The more that is known about the content, the easier it is to manage it

• You can’t manage what you can’t measure or track

Original OSI Reference Model

• Model for Nework Communications• Created by ISO• Began development in 1977• Seven layers• Each entity interacts directly only with the layer

immediately beneath it • Each entity provides facilities for use by the layer

above it

OSI model. (2007, April 5). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 16:22, April 6, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OSI_model&oldid=120520816

Original OSI Reference Model

• Application

• Presentation

• Session

• Transport

• Network

• Data Link

• Physical

Original OSI Reference Model

• Each entity interacts directly only with the layer immediately beneath it

• Each entity provides facilities for use by the layer above it

OSI model. (2007, April 5). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 16:22, April 6, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OSI_model&oldid=120520816

Traditional Newspaper Content

• Text

• Graphics

• Everything in a newspaper is either text or graphics

• Everything in a newspaper is either news or advertising

Converged Market Content

• Text

• Graphics

• Audio

• Video

Traditional Newspaper Output

• Newspaper

Converged Market Output

• Newspaper• Magazine• World Wide Web• TV• Audio Podcast• Video Podcast• Blackberry, Cell Phone, Treo, Mobile Devices• Who Knows? (Digital Paper, etc.)

Traditional Flow

• Reporters• Wire• Submissions

(letters, etc.)• Photographers• Acquired Video• Acquired Audio

• Newspaper

Converged Flow

• Reporters• Wire• Submissions• Web Journalism (Blogs)• Photographers• Acquired Video• Acquired Audio

• Newspaper• Magazine• World Wide Web• TV• Audio Podcast• Video Podcast• Blackberry, Cell

Phone, Treo, Mobile Devices

• Who Knows? (Digital Paper, etc.)

Need for Workflow Standard

• Standardize a plan for the flow of content depending on the content

• Layered

• Modular

• Open

OSI Newspaper Reference Model

• Acquisition

• Introduction

• Modification

• Incorporation

• Production

Acquisition

• Content has to get into the building somehow

• Door

• T1/Network

• Phone

• Fax

• AP Satellite

Introduction

• Content must be introduced to existing workflow

• Reporter types their story

• Photographer copies memory card

• Ad is saved from e-mail or AdSend

Modification

• Few items are Acquired or Introduced in a production-ready state

• Stories are edited

• Photos are color corrected, cropped

• Ads are corrected

Incorporation

• No item stands on its own.

• Diagramming

• Traffic

Production

• The product must get out the door

• Press

• Web Server

• Transmitter

OSI News ExampleStandard Story

• Acquisition• Introduction• Modification• Incorporation• Production

• Reporter / On Site• JazBox / InCopy• JazBox / InDesign• JazBox / InDesign /ALS• XtremeWorkflow / Film

OSI News ExampleStandard Story

• Acquisition• Introduction• Modification• Incorporation• Production

• Reporter / On Site• JazBox / InCopy• JazBox / InDesign• ContentWatch

/Quark/Layout 8000• XtremeWorkflow / Film

OSI News ExampleStandard Story

• Acquisition• Introduction• Modification• Incorporation• Production

• Reporter / On Site• JazBox / InCopy• JazBox / InDesign• ContentWatch

/Quark/Layout 8000• Asura / :Arkitex / CTP

OSI News ExampleConverged Market

• Acquisition• Introduction• Modification• Incorporation• Production

• Videographer / On Site• CPU / GrassValley• GrassValley • QuickTime Server / IPS• Web Server

OSI News ExampleConverged Market

• Acquisition• Introduction• Modification• Incorporation• Production

• Videographer / On Site• CPU / GrassValley• GrassValley • QuickTime Server / • RIM / iDEN

NewsXML Version 1.0 RFC

• Standard MetaData

• Type of Content <nxmlContentType>

• Origin <nxmlOrigin>

• Current State (OSI Layer) <nxmlOLState>

• Desired Production Methods <nxmlProdMeth>

• Wealth of Other Information

NewsXML Version 1.0 RFC

• Request For Comments

• www.newsxml.org