RECORD Vacua, 1. A. Becker The Condenser Microphone as an Acoustic M. S. Hawley Telegraph Transmission Coe/Tr.cicnts, S. T. Cory Molds Assist the Prcscrtlation Treatment of Poles, Jean E. Perry A Precision 3D-Me Admittance Bridge, L. E. Herborn Repeaters and Groo.p Circuits in. Type-O Carrier, H. T. King Interto-ll Features of No.5 Crossbar, K. M. Fetzer A New Frequency Analyzer, T. A. Spencer THE COVER: In Electron Tube Development Laboratory, E. J. Zimany uses V-shaped torch to drive out gases from tra"eling-wave tube. Gases arc then removed by vacuum- pump apparotus on which the tuhe is mounted. See opposite p9ge for story of "acua. The BELL LABORATORIES RECORD is published monthly by nell Telephone Labol"atol"ies, Ineol:'poratl!d, 463 West Strcet, New York ]4, N. Y., M. J. KELLY, ------- Ptoesident; M. 8. LONG, Secl"clar,.. (lnd Subscription: $2.00 per year: FOl"eign, $2.60 per year. Checks lIhould be made payable fo Bell Labora_ tories Record and addressed to the Circulation Manager. Printed In 1). S. A. CONTENTS 1 6 11 16 21 25 30 35 EDITORIAL BOARD F. J. Singer, Chairman A. C. Dickieson F. A. Korn S. Millman R. J. NOSisaman W. E. Reichle ,EDITORIAL STAFF J. D. Editor G. E. Schindler, Jr., M$i$tqnt Editor, Murray Hill R. C. Sanford, Assbtant Editor R. L. Production Editor T. N. Pope, Circulation Manager t I Courtesy www.historyofphonephreaking.org
Transcript
RECORD
Ultra~High Vacua, 1. A. Becker
The Condenser Microphone as an Acoustic Stan.dard~ M. S. Hawley
Telegraph Transmission Coe/Tr.cicnts, S. T. Cory
Molds Assist the Prcscrtlation Treatment of Poles, Jean E. Perry
A Precision 3D-Me Admittance Bridge, L. E. Herborn
Repeaters and Groo.p Circuits in. Type-O Carrier, H. T. King
Interto-ll Features of No.5 Crossbar, K. M. Fetzer
A New Frequency Analyzer, T. A. Spencer
THE COVER: In Electron Tube Development Laboratory,
E. J. Zimany uses V-shaped torch to drive out gases from
tra"eling-wave tube. Gases arc then removed by vacuum
pump apparotus on which the tuhe is mounted. See opposite
p9ge for story of "acua.
The BELL LABORATORIES RECORD is published monthly by nell Telephone
Labol"atol"ies, Ineol:'poratl!d, 463 West Strcet, New York ]4, N. Y., M. J. KELLY,
------- Ptoesident; M. 8. LONG, Secl"clar,.. (lnd Tr"R~lIrer. Subscription: $2.00 per
year: FOl"eign, $2.60 per year. Checks lIhould be made payable fo Bell Labora_
tories Record and addressed to the Circulation Manager. Printed In 1). S. A.
CONTENTS
1
6
11
16
21
25
30
35
EDITORIAL BOARD
F. J. Singer, Chairman
A. C. Dickieson
F. A. KornS. Millman
R. J. NOSisaman
W. E. Reichle
,EDITORIAL STAFF
J. D. Tebo~ Editor
G. E. Schindler, Jr., M$i$tqnt Editor, Murray Hill
R. C. Sanford, Assbtant Editor
R. L. Shepherd~ Production Editor
T. N. Pope, Circulation Manager
t
I
Courtesy www.historyofphonephreaking.org
RECORD
CONTENTS
Single-Crystal Cermanium, H. E. Brid'gers 41
--- .. _---
The Type-Ol Tran.sposition System, Esther Rentrop 45
Sp1'illg-Type Micro-Balance, M. S. Burgess 50
Foreign. Arca Translation in No.5 Crossbar, C. F. Knepper 54
Connectors fOT Cable Shields 58
Automatie Rclay-Ad;usting Circuit, J. T. L. Brown 60
Connectors in. 4.4 Toll Crossbar, M. E. Esternaux 65
Drop Wire Clamp Testing Machine 70
Carrier Terminals fOT th.e L3 System, D. B. Penick 72
THE COVER: D. B. ·Penick measuring canieJ:' voltages in anL3 terminal at the Murray Hill Laboratory. (See page 72.)
The REI.I_ LABORATORIES RECORD is published. monthly by Bell Telephone
Labor-atodes, Incorporated, 463 West Street, New York 14, N. Y., M. J. KELLY,
Presidont; M. B. LONG. Sc<:relary and T.,<:asnrer. Subs<:l'!ption: $2.00 per
y<:arl Forcl~n. $2.60 per year. Che<:k~ should be made payable to Ben Labora_
tories Record and addressed to the Clr<:lllation Manager. Printed In U •. S. A.
EDITORIAL BOARD
F. J. Singer, Chairman
F •. A. Korn
S. MillmanJ. A. MortonR. J. Nossaman
w. E. Reichle
EDITORIAL STAFF
J. D. Teho, Editor
G. E. Schindler, Jr" Assistant 'Editor, Murray Hill
R. C. Sanford, .AssiStant Editor
R. L. Shepherd, Production Editor
T. N. Pope, Circulation Manager
Courtesy www.historyofphonephreaking.org
RECORD
CONTENTS
Minaplas - Miniature Apparatus in Plastic,
H. G. Jordan and W. T. Westaway 81
Electronic Conductors, K. K. DarroUi 85
A Research Study 0/ German.ium Conductivity 90.
Operation 0/ the Card Tran,slator, P. Mallery 93
<
Bell System Participation in ASTM Pole Research 98
Service Features of the No.2 Telegraph Serviceboard, M. R. Purvis 100
Dislocations in Germanium Crystals, F. L. Vogel, Jr. 104
Laboratories Announces Machine for Transistor Assembly 108
Type-O Carrier - Terminal Alarm Circuits, V. J. Hawks 109
New Long-Distance "Helical" Waveguide U3
Highlights of A.T.&T. Annual Report U4~
F. J. Singer, Chairman
F. A. KornS. MillmanJ. A. Morton
R. J. Nossaman
W. E. Reichle
EDITORIAL BOARD
EDITORIAL STAFF
THE COVER: Photomicrograph of surface of germanium,
showing dislocation eleh pits (magnification about 150 diame
ters). Crystal treated with ultrasonic vibration during growth
by R. M. -Mikulyak; micrography by E. E. Thomas. For story
on use of dislocations in the study of eryslallographic struc
ture, see page 104.
The BELl. LABORATORIES R;ECORD is pubUshed monthl,. h,. Ben Telephone
Labora~orles. Incorporated, 463 Wesl Street, New York 14, N. Y., M. J. KEl.LY,
Preddent; 1\[. B. LONG, Secretary and Treasnrer. Snbserlption; $2.00 per ....: _
yeBr; Foreign, $2.60 per year. Cheek.. ...hould be .....d .. payable to Bell Labo.....
torl...s Record and addressed to the Circulation Manager. Printed -In U. S. A.
J. D. Tebo, Editor
G. E. Schindler, Jr., Assistant Editor, Murray Hill
R. C. Sanford, &6istant Editor
R. L. Shepherd, Production Editor
T. N. Pope, CirculatiOn Manager
Courtesy www.historyofphonephreaking.org
RECORD
CONTENTS
Junction Tetrode Transistor, R. 1. Wallace, Jr. 121
Trafji,c Engin.eerin.g in Bell Telephone Laboratories, W. O. Turner 125
---
A ShoTt.Haul Microwave Transmitter, L. C. Tillotson 131
A New High.Sp<eed Recording System 135
Filters for Type-O Carrier, E. S. Willis 137
---~-
Automatic Alternate Routing in the 4A Crossbar System, E. lacobitti 141
High_Voltage Problems in the L3 System, G. B. Engelhardt 146.
Traffic Registration in 4.4 Toll Crossbar, W. J. Meyer, Jr. 149.
Stability Evaluation of SlfJitching Apparatus, C. Schneider 152
Ne'" Transistor Computer Developed for the Air Force 155
Western Electric Year-End Report for 1954 156
THE COVER: A 3 %-inch "spinal" column of wires feeds it~
5,000 nerve fibers to marker-circuit relays in experimental
No. 5 crossbar equipment at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
The BELl, LABORATORIES RECORD ~ publlllhcd monthly by Bell TelephoJ:\e
l,aboratorics. Incorporated, 463 West Street, New York 14, N. Y., M. J. KELLY,
Pr..ddent; 1\1. B. LONG, Secretary and Treasurer. Subscription! $2.00 pel'
year; Foreign, $2.60 per year. Check!! should be made payable to Bell Labora
tories Rcc<>rd and addrellsed to the Cireuhtlon Manage... Printed i .. U. S. A.
EDITORIAL BOARD
F. J. Singer, Chainnan
F. A. Korn.
S. Millmon
J. A. Morton
R.- J. Nossaman
W. E. Reichle
EDITORIAL STAFF
J. D. TehQ, Editor
G. E: Sehindler, Jr.,A.ssistant Editor, Murray Hat
R. C. SanfOrd, A9sistant Editor
R. L. Shepherd, Production Editor
T. N. Pope, Circulation Mana.eer
Courtesy www.historyofphonephreaking.org
RECORD
CONTENTS
Prelashing Aerial Telephone Cable, F. W. Haskell and O. L. Walter 161
Efficiency of Bell Solar Battery Almost Doubled 166
The Field-Effect Transistor, I. M. Ross 167
.Reflex Klystrons for Microwave Radio Relay Systems, E. D. Reed 173
Card Translator Equipment, R. S. Skinner 178
Repeaters in the L3 Coaxial Carrier System, C. G. Arnold 182
Converting Toll Crossbar Offices fOT Nationwide Dialing, S. J. Brymer 188
CAMA - Position LiJlk Frame, C. E. Germanton 193
Over-the-Horizon Microwave Transmission 197
THE COVER: In Bell Laboratories Chemical Physics Depart
ment, the familiar crystal-growing apparatus is here designed
to operate. in a vacuum. Vacuum around a well of molten ger
manium permits addition of aluminum and boron as "im
purity" agents. E. D. Kolb monitors machine as vertical shaft
"pulls" a crystal out of the melt.
The BELL LABORATORIES RECORD i9 published monthly by Bell Telephone
Laboralol"ies, Incorporated, 463 West Street, New York 14. N. Y., M. J. KELLY,
President; M. D. LONG, Secretary and T ..eas....er. Subscriptions: $2.00 per
year; Foreign, $2.60 per year. Checks shonld be made payable to Ben Labora
tories Record and addressed 1<;1 the Circulation Manager. Pdnted in U. S. A.
EDITORIAL BOARD
F. J. Singer, Chairman
F. A. Korn
S. Millman:
J. A. Morton
R. J. Nossaman
W. E. Reichle
EDITORIAL STAFF
Courtesy www.historyofphonephreaking.org
RECORD
CONTENTS
Zone~Melting,W. G. Plann and K. M. Olsen 201
~,_ ... ~
Analysis of No.5 Crossbar Trouble Recorder Cards, G. Ii. Duhnkraclc 206
Dr. Kelly Recomm.ends Graduate Training in. Creative Technologyfor Engineers 211
Sater Testing Aids, J. T. Schott 212,
Transistors in the 4A Crossbar System" P. Mallery 215
Power Supply for the L3 System, H. H. Spencer 220
CAMA - Crossbar Tandem PCI Sender, 1. A. Weber 223
Serniconduclor Diodes, D. J(, Wilson 227
Teletypewriter Billing of Special Toll Calls, W. Y. Lang 232
The 1955 A:L&T. Share Owners Meeting 236
EDITORIAL· BOARDTHE COVER: Experimental apparatus used b)' ~he Metallurgical Research Department in its study of the purificationof silicon. H. C. Theuerer is obscning silicon material mount.ed in quartz tube. Molten zone is established on top surface of~iHcon bar to avoid contamination from external sources.
F. J.-Singer, Chairman
F. A. Korn
S. ~lillman
J. A. MortonR. J. Nossaman '~
TI", BELL LAJlORATORIES RECORD Is puhtbhcJ monthly by nell Telephone W. E. Reichle '$
Laboratories, Incorporated, 463 West Street, New York 14, N. Y., M. J. KELLY, }~_________________________---j'.JPresident; M. B. LONG, Secretary and Treasurer. Subscriptions: $2.00 per ,'j
year; Foreign, $2.60 per year. Cheeks should he ntade payable to Ben Labora. ED ITO n I AL 'S T A FF,jtortes Record lind addressed to the Circulation !\Ianager. Printed tn U. S.A.,.:!.
J. D. Tebo, Editor tG. E. Schindler, Jr., Assistant Editor, Mf,lrMlI flill)
R. C. Sanford. A"J,"nt Edito, i.'I:
M. T. Kucharik, Assistant Editorj
R. L Shepherd, Production Editor
T. N. Pope, Circulation Man_ager
Courtesy www.historyofphonephreaking.org
RECORD
CONTENTS
The Bell Solar Battery~ D, M. Chapin, C. S. Fuller, and G. L. Pearson. 241
A Miniature Transistor Amplifier. H. M. Strallbe 247
Outside Plant Field Trials, Miss B. J. Henderson 251
Traffic Load Cbntrol in Toll Crossbar Systems, C. H. McCandless 256
Electrical Contacts for Transistors and Diodes M. C. Waltz 260
Servicing Center for Short-Haul Carrier, A. L. Bonner 264
CAMA: Transverter and Billing Indexer, R. P. Foltz and G. F. Sohnle 267
Broadcast Test Oscillator jOt the L3 Coaxial Carrier System, J. O. Israel 271
New Military Carrier Telephone System 274
THE COVER: Soldering lead to positive contact area of asilicon solar cell, which convert.s sunlight into electrical power.Negative lead is later soldered to center of disc to make one
cell 'of a Bell Solar Battery (see opposite page).
The BELL LABORATORIES RECORD ill pabIi~hed monthly by nen Teh'phone
Laboratorle.., Incorporatcd, 463 Woe"t Street, Now York 14, N. Y•• M. J. KELLY.
------- Proddent; 1.\01. n. LONG, Secretary and Treasurer. Sullscriplions: $2.00 per
year; Foreign, $2.60 per year. Checks ~L.ould be made payaLle to Bell Lahora
tories Record and addressed to the Circulation Manager. "rinted in U. S. A.
EDITORIAL nOARU
F. J. Singer, Chairman
F. A. KoriIS. MHlnlan
J. A. Morton
R. J. Nossaman
W. E. Reichle
EDITORIAL STAFF
J. D. Tebo, Editor
G. E. Schi~dler, Jr., Assistant Editor, Murray Hill
R. C. Sanford, AssWant Editor
M~ T. Kucharik, A.idstant Editor
R. L Shepherd, Production Editor
T. N. Pope, Circulation Manager
Courtesy www.historyofphonephreaking.org
RECORD
CONTENTS
The Combination Wire-Wrapping Tool, R. F. Mallina and F. Reck 281
- -----"---'--- ----
Strength of Small Metal Specimens, Conyers Herring 285
-~ ----- ----
A Military CQmrm.Ul;cation Network Using Wire and Radio. G. H. Huber 290
-,---_.~-~
The Translator Card in Toll Crossbar, D. A. James 294
------"----,,-
Improved Testing Instructions for TY1JC-O Can'ier, C. 1. L. Cronburg, Jr. 299
---_..,--_.-----
New Silicon Power Rectifier Announced 303
------
New Supervisory Control System, C. A. Dahlbom.
304
Semiconductors - Resistivity and Lifeti,me Measurements, L. B. Valdes 308
CAMA - Sender Test Circuit, R. Y. Sims 313
Army Holds Press Show at Nike Installation 317
J. D. Tebo, Editor
W. D. Bulloch Assistant Edito.., Murray- Hill
R. C. Sanford, Aumant- Editor
M. T. Kucharik, Assistant Editor
R. L. Shepherd, Production Editor
T. N. Pope, Circulation Manager
F. J. Singer, Chairman
F. A. Korn
S. Millman
J. A. MortonR. J. NossamanW. E. Reichle
EDITORIAL BOARD
EDITORIAL STAf'F
The BELL LABORATORIES RECORD t~ "ublhhed Inonthl}' by Bell Telephone
Laboratories. Incorporated•. 463 West Street, New ¥ork14, N, Y., M. J. KELLY,P['es.de~t; M. B. LONG, Secretary and Treasurer. Subscriptions' $2.00 per -- _
year; Foreign, $2.60 per year. Cbecks sbould be Inade payable to nell Labora_
tories Record and addressed to the Circuh'Jm;t Manager. Printed in U. S. A.
THE COVER: Solderless conneclions made with a new tool(see opposite page) that cuts the wire, removes the insulation~ and wraps the wire around the terminals in one rapidoperation. Magnification about len diameters.
Courtesy www.historyofphonephreaking.org
RECORD
CONTENTS
Automatic Private-Line Teletypewriter Switchin.g System,G. A. Loclr.e and E. R. Robinson 321
Purification of Silicon, H. C. Theuerer 327
Intercepting with Recorded Announcements, A. R. Bertels 331
Ferroelectric Storage Devices, W. J. Merz and J. R. Anderson 335
Molded Plastit: Jack Mountings and Terminals 343.
Junction Transistors and Diodes for Power Regulation, F. H. Chase 344
Measuring Relative Phase Shift at VHF 350
A PBX AUoUer for No.5 Crossbar, A. C. Mehring 352
Sealed Switch Relays lOT AMA, O. M. Hovgaard 355
J. D. Tebo, Editor
W. D. Bulloch Assistant Editor, Murray Hill
R. C. Sanford, Assistant Editor
M. T. Kucharik, AsSistant Editor
R. L. Shepherd, Production Editor
T. N. Pope, Cil'£lulation Managei'
F; J. Singer, Chairman
F. A. KornS. Millman
J. A. Morlon
R. J. N05samanW. E.Reiehle
EDITORIAL BOARD
Laboratorics, Incorporated, 463 W"Bt Street, New YOl:'k 14, N. Y•• M. J. KELLY.
Prl':!lidenl; M. B. LONG, Seeretary and Treasurer. Subsel:'iptions I $2.00 pel:'
rear; Foreign, $2.60 per year. Checks shQuld be m"d" payable to Bell Labora. ---------------------------,.----
torie' Recol:'d and addressed to the Circulation Manllllller. Printed In U. S. A. ED ITO R I AL S TA}' FCopyright 19!'i!'i Bell Telephone Laborato'ol'ieca, Incorporated
The BELL LABORATORIES RECORD Is published monthly by Bell Telephone
THE COVER: An actual barium titanate crystal matrix contain
ing 256 storage cells. (See page 335.)
Courtesy www.historyofphonephreaking.org
CONTENTS
The New 1" olume Control Telephone, A, J. Chase 361
."Time of Day" Goes Magnetic 364
Emergency Radio Telephone System, F. B. Combs and R. W. Collins 365
Precision Ceramics, W. F. Janssen 369
lmprovement$ in Wiper Springs for Step-by_Step Switches 372.
Grown Junction Transistor Developm.ent, K. D. Smith 374
Overload Control in No. 5 CTossbar~ W. Whitney 379
New Military VHF~UHF Radio Set, A. L. Durkee 382
Ferrite Isolators at 11.000 Megacycles, J. P. Schafer 385
Equalization in the L3 System, E. G. Morton 390
"Two-Train" Switching in Toll Crossbar Offices, 1. J. Cozine 394
J. D. Tebo, Editor
W. D. Bulloch AssiStant Editor. Murray Hill
R. C. Sanford, AssiStant Editor
M. T. Kucharik, Assistant Editor
R. L. Shepherd, ProduetWn Editor
T. N. Pope, Circulation Manager
F~ J. Singer, Chainnan
F. A. Korn
S. Millman
J. A. Morton
R. J. Nossaman
W. E. Reichle
EDITORIAL STU'F
EDITORIAL BOARD
The BELL LABORATORIES RECORD III publhhed monthly by Bell Telephon..
LaboJ:'atoJ:'ies, Inc0t"JI';pJ:'ated, 463 West 5t",.."t, Ne.... y ...".k 14., N. Y., M. J. KELLY,
Prel'lJdent~ M. B. LONG, SecretaJ:'Y and TJ:'easar..r. Subscrlpth>ns: $2.00 per
yellr; Foreign, $2.60 pel' yeftr. Checks should be made payable to BeH Labors. ------------------------------
to"'les Record and addressed to the Ci",eulntion Managel'. Printeo;l, in U. S. A.
Copyright 1955 Ben Telephone Lahoratories, Incorporllted.
THE COVER; Handset of a volume control telephone eORpled
to an artificial ear in the foregJ:ound. Theoutptit of the ear
is applied to an oseillo!!icope to check the transmission quality
of set. See artiele on opposite page.
Courtesy www.historyofphonephreaking.org
RECORD
CONTENTS
Broadbaud Horn Reflector AnterUla, A. T. Corbin and A. S. May 401
--_.--
The Irw,er Structure of Alnico 5, E. A. Nesbitt and R. D. Heidenreich 405.
Code COllver.~;_on in No• .5 Crossbar, F. P. Cirone 410
Progrcwt SWI"tching in TD~2 Radio Relay, W. O. Fullerton 415
.Gyro Model of Electron Behavior in Ferrites, A. G. Fox 419
Circuit Features of the No.2 Telegraph Serviceboard, J. R. Davey 424
ANITRC-24 Radio Transmitter, TV. G, Hensel and C. G. Reinschmidt 428
Dr. M. J. I(elly and Sir Gordon Rodley Receive NewCommunication Prize 432
Bell Solar Batlery in. Experimental Service 434
Bankers "Visit" Murra}" Hill Via TV 435
THE COVER: Horn reflector antenna at the Holmdel Laboratory facing Murray Hill Laboratories twenty miles away for
transmission tests. (See opposite page.)
The BELL LABORATORIES REC.ORD is puhlished morothly by Bell Telephone
Lahoralodes, Incorporaled, 463 Wesl Slrect, New York 14, N. Y., M. J. KELLY,
_______ Pr....ident; M. 8. LONG. Secretary and Tr..asttrer. Subscriptions: $2.00 per
year; Foreign, $2.60 per year. Checks should be made payable to Bell Labora
tories Record and addressed to the Circulation ManBger. Printed In U. S. A.
