CONTENTS...STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF TiO2 THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY Sol-Gel METHOD...

1

CONTENTS

Foreword

Preface

Committee Members

SYNTHESIS, PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND FABRICATION OF CdTe

THINFILM SOLAR CELLS USING VACUUM EVAPORATION TECHNIQUE

Dr.s. Sakthivel * and v. Baskaran

STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF NANO STRUCTURED

ZnO THIN FILMS BY CBD

R.Radhika

INFLUENCE OF Al CONCENTRATION ON STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES

OF ALUMINIUM DOPED ZINC OXIDE THIN FILMS PREPARED BY SOL GEL SPIN

COATING METHOD

S. Shankara, M. Saroja

a, M. Venkatachalam

a ,T.Vasuki

a ,P.Gowthaman

a ,T.Ranganayaki

a

PREPARATION AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF CdS THIN FILM BY CHEMICAL

BATH DEPOSITION

Dr.S. Sakthivel * and V. Baskaran

GROWTH AND STUDY OF CADMIUM TARTRATE OXALATE SINGLE CRYSTALS BY

SOL GEL TECHNIQUE

A.Krishnan1 and D.Arumugam

2

FLEXIBLE CZTS THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS PREPARED AND FABRICATED BY SPRAY

DEPOSITION METHOD


2

THE GROWTH AND CHARACTERISTIC STUDIES OF AMMONIUM FERROUS

SULPHATE (AFS) AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES

P.Sagunthala *, S.P.Deepa.

INFLUENCE OF Al CONCENTRATION ON STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES

OF ALUMINUM DOPED ZINC OXIDE THIN FILMS PREPARED BY SOL GEL SPIN

COATING METHOD


a, M. Venkatachalam

a ,T.Vasuki

a ,P.Gowthaman

a ,T.Ranganayaki

a

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOSTRUCTURED ZINC SULPHIDE THIN

FILMS

Dr. S. Sakthivel1, G.Malini

2

STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL STUDIES OF COBALT OXIDE THIN FILMS BY

MODIFIED CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION

A. Albert manoharan1, R.Chandramohan

1, M.Karunakaran

2, S.Saravanakumar

1

STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL STUDY OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE THIN

FILMS PREPARED BY SOL – GEL TECHNIQUE


2

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURES AND COMPOUND

FABRICATION OF CADMIUM TELLURIDE (CdTe) THINFILM SOLAR CELL BY SPD

TECHNIQUE

Dr.s. Sakthivel * and v. Baskaran

CHALLENGES IN LEAD ZIRCONATETITANATE (PZT) FILM FABRICATION AND

PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT SIZED PZT POWDER PARTICLE WITH

PVDF POLYMER AS COMPOSITES

S.Sundaram1, P.Sampathkumar

1, P.Gowdhaman

1, V.Radhika

2, V.Annamalai

1, P.R.Kumar

1

3

A REVIEW ON THE PREPARATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF ZnO THIN FILMS

BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION METHOD

V. Radhika*, Dr. V. Annamalai**

A REVIEW ON STRUCTURE AND OPTICAL CONSTANTS OF ZnO THIN FILMS BY

SOL-GEL METHOD

V. Radhika*, J. Bhuvaneshwari**

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF VACUUM DEPOSITED MAGNETIC

POLYANILINE (PANI) THIN FILM

Dr.S. Sakthivel * and A.Boopathi

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYPYRROLE (PPY) THIN FILMS BY

SPIN COATING TECHNIQUE


SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF POLYPYRROLE THIN FILMS BY SILAR METHOD


THE EFFECT OF MANGANESE DOPING ON ZnO THIN FILMS PREPARED BY

MODIFIED CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION

M. Karunakaran1, R. Chandramohan

2, S. Gomathi

2, K. Rathidevi

1 S. Balamurali

2 and

K.Kabila3

ANNEALING PERFORMANCE OF Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS

FABRICATED BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION


STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF TiO2 THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY Sol-

Gel METHOD

Ranganayaki et.al.

4

FACILE FABRICATION, CHARACTERIZATION OF BISMUTH VANADATE

NANOPARTICLES VIA HYDROTHERMAL METHOD AND ITS PHOTOCATALYTIC

PROPERTIES

Subramanian Moscow,1 Kandasamy Jothivenkatachalam

1 and Kulanthaivel Jaganathan

2

OPTICAL AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERATIZATION OF PLASMA TREATED Zno

NANO PARTICLES DOPED WITH PMMA FILMS

K.A.Vijayalakshmia, R.Deepa

b

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION OF Cu0.5Co0.5WO4 AND ITS APPLICATION ON CR

(VI) REMOVAL IN AQUEOUS MEDIUM

S. Prabhua, R. Udhayakumar

a, K. Jeganathan

**b and K. Jothivenkatachalam*

a

NANOSTRUCTURED NICKEL TITANATE ELECTROCATALYSTS FOR ETHANOL

OXIDATION

R. Saraswathy, D. Karunakaran

PREPARATION OF CdSe QUANTUM DOTS THIN FILM BY DIP COATING

Dr.S. Sakthivel * and A.Ravikumar

ANTIBACTERIAL STUDY OF OLIVE OIL STABILIZED SUPERPARAMAGNETIC

IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES

K. L. Palanisamy1*

, V.Devabharathi2 and N. Meenakshi Sundaram

3

ANTIBACTERIAL STUDY OF OLIVE OIL STABILIZED SUPERPARAMAGNETIC

IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES

K. L. Palanisamy1*


3

A STUDY ON COMPARISON OF CARRIER OILS STABILIZED SUPERPARAMAGNETIC

IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

K. L. Palanisamy1*


3

WATER TREATMENT STUDIES OF MAGNETIC IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES

MEDIATED BY VARIOUS CARRIER OILS

K. L. Palanisamy1*


3

5

PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF NANOSIZED ZIRCONIA TOUGHNED ALUMINA

CERAMICS

S.Sakthivel, D.Saritha and V. Baskaran

PREPARATION, PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION OF NANO GLASS CERAMICS


STUDIES ON NANO ZIRCONIUM DIOXIDE (ZrO2) SYNTHESIZED BY DIP COATING METHOD

Dr.S.Sakthivel and S. Rajiveghandi

SYNTHESIS, GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SEMI ORGANIC SINGLE

CRYSTAL ON NaCl DOPED WITH GLYCINE IN VARIOUS RATIO’S

YASOTHA.P*, SAMIDURAI. Y

COMPARISON OF FASTNESS PROPERTIES OF DYED COTTON FABRIC WITH ECO-

FRIENDLY NATURAL DYES OBTAINED FROM ACHRAS SAPOTA AND SPATHODEA

CAMPANULATA

Dr.M.Kumaresan,

APPLICATION OF PHOTOELECTROCATALYTIC TECHNOLOGIES FOR

ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS

S.V.ELANGOVAN,

BIO COMPATIBLITY OF BIO INERT CERAMIC THINFILMS

S.Sakthivel, D.Saritha and A.Boopathi

DYEING OF COTTON FABRIC WITH ECO-FRIENDLY NATURAL DYES USING SINGLE

MORDANTS

Dr.M.Kumaresan,

CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES

A. Nithya, K. Jothivenkatachalam* and K. Rokesh

6

IMPACT OF NANOPARTICLES AGAINST SALMONELLA SP ISOLATED FROM

POULTRY BIRDS

Chithra, A and A.Mohankumar*

COMPOUND PREPARATION AND FABRICATION OF ELECTRON BEAM

EVOPARATED CADMIUM SELENIDE (CdSe) THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS

Dr.S. SAKTHIVEL * and V. BASKARAN

HIGH EFFICIENCY HETROJUNCTION CADMIUM SULPHIDE (CdS) THIN FILM SOLAR

CELLS BY THERMAL EVAPORATION TECHNIQUE


DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROGEN ELECTRODE FOR ALKALINE FUEL CELL

Dr.S. Sakthivel * V. Mary Pradeepa and A.Boopathi

PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND FABRICATION OF ECO-FRIENDLY CZTS

THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS BY VACUUM EVAPORATION METHOD


CHARACTERIZATION OF ALKALINE FUEL CELL

Dr.S. Sakthivel * V. Mary pradeepa and A.Boopathi

NANOTECHONOLOGY IN FOOD AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY

Er. Ranjit Singh1 *

, Dr. S.Anandakumar 2

& Dr.K. Alagusundaram3

NANOBIOS IN MEDICAL IMAGING AND THERAPY

Er. Ranjit Singh1 *



ULTRASONIC STUDIES OF TETRAETHYLAMMONIUM BROMIDE AND

TETRAPROPYLAMMONIUM BROMIDE IN DMF-WATER SYSTEMS AT 303 K, 308 K

AND 313 K.

7

B.Hemalatha,,1*

P.Vasantharani1.K.Karthikeyani Vijayakumari

2.P.Selvakumari.

3

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF NANO-SCALE ZINC OXIDE THIN FILMS USING

CHEMICAL SPRAY PYROLYSIS METHOD

R.Ramadas, K.Kesavan, R.Murugasami, Dr.D.Kumar

STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOSCALE CDO:MN THIN

FILMS PREPARED BY CHEMICAL SPRAY PYROLYSIS TECHNIQUE

K.Kesavan*, Dr. V. Manivannan

**, R. Ramadas

*

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY VINYL ALCOHOL-POLY

ETHYLENE GLYCOL-LEAD SULPHIDE NANOCOMPOSITE FILM

V. Krishnakumar*,1

G. Shanmugam1

, K. Parasuraman2

DEGRADATION OF YELLOW GR DYE BY USING NANO PARTICLE TiO2 IN PRESENCE

OF SOLAR RADIATION

G.Satheeshkumara , A.Kannanan

b and D.Saravanan

c

DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR NANOSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR DUAL BAND

TERAHERTZ APPLICATIONS

R. Ramadas1, C.Shunmugam

2, Dr.D.Kumar ,R.Murugasami

SYNTHESIS OF HYDROXYAPATITE NANOPARTICLE FOR BONE COMPOSITES

Dr.K.Geetha

8

Dr.K.ANBU,

Principal,

Rajah Serfoji Government College (Autonomous), Thanjavur – 613 005.

MESSAGE

I am happy that PG and Research Department of Physics of Rajah Serfoji Government

College (Autonomous), Thanjavur, is organizing UGC - SERO Sponsored First National

Conference on THIN FILM SCIENCE AND NANO TECHNOLOGY (FIRST –

NCTFSANT - 2013) Sep 2 to3rd

, 2013.

Thin film and Nanotechnology of the fast developing fields of research in the past few

decades. It has a multidisplinary nature with tremendous potential to create new devices and

materials with a wide range of applications. It is anticipated that nanotechnology will contribute

to building a society with accessible clean energy and clean water, new industries and jobs,

improved health care, and extended life span with high quality. The market opportunity is

substantial. Science and engineering at the nanoscale will have a dramatic impact on fields such

as computing, electronics, telecommunications, energy, environment and food.

I hope that the deliberations and recommendations of the conference will be useful. I

congratulation the organizing team of this conference and wish them a grand success.

National Conference on Thin Film Science and Nano Technology (FIRST – NCTFSANT -

2013).

9

PREFACE

Thin Films and Nanotechnology are the vital and fundamental part of

material science. This increasing demand has led to the discovery of new materials

with excellent properties.

The development in the preparation, properties and applications of

technologically important materials has given us the impetus to organize the First

National Conference on Thin film Science and Nanotechnology (FIRST –

NCTFSANT-2013) at Rajah Serfoji Govt. College, Thanjavur during September 2-

3, 2013 with support from RSGC and UGC.

The continuous and constant encouragement and support from

the Principal Dr.K.Anbu, Rajah serfoji Govt. College, Thanjavur is gratefully

acknowledged.

We also extend our gratitude to Mrs.A.S. Gladys HoD, PG & Research

Department of Physics, and Other Department HoDs Rajah Serfoji Govt. College,

Thanjavur for their support and encouragement.

I thank all the invited speakers for their valid contribution for the National

conference. I am very grateful to all the faculty members and research scholars of

PG & Research Department of Physics, Rajah serfoji Govt. College, Thanjavur for

their untiring cooperation for the successful conduct of this FIRST NCTFSANT-

2013. We could like to place on record our warm appreciation for the valuable

suggestions extended by the members of the advisory committee.

Convener and Secretary

Dr.S. SAKTHIVEL

10

MRS. A.S.GLADYS,

Head of the Department,

Rajah Serfoji Government College (Autonomous), Thanjavur – 613 005.

MESSAGE

I am happy that PG and Research Department of Physics of Rajah Serfoji Government

College (Autonomous), Thanjavur, is organizing UGC - SERO Sponsored First National

Conference on THIN FILM SCIENCE AND NANO TECHNOLOGY (FIRST –

NCTFSANT - 2013) Sep 2 to3rd

, 2013.

Thin film and Nanotechnology of the fast developing fields of research in the past few

decades. It has a multidisplinary nature with tremendous potential to create new devices and

materials with a wide range of applications. It is anticipated that nanotechnology will contribute

to building a society with accessible clean energy and clean water, new industries and jobs,

improved health care, and extended life span with high quality. The market opportunity is

substantial. Science and engineering at the nanoscale will have a dramatic impact on fields such

as computing, electronics, telecommunications, energy, environment and food.

I hope that the deliberations and recommendations of the conference will be useful. I

congratulation the organizing team of this conference and wish them a grand success.

National Conference on Thin Film Science and Nano Technology (FIRST – NCTFSANT

- 2013).

11

Dr. A. THIRUVALLUVAR, M.Sc.,M.Phil.,Ph.D.,P.G.D.C.A., Associate Professor of Physics

Senate Member – Bharathidasan University

Organizing Committee Member (FIRST–NCTFSANT–2013)

Postgraduate and Research Department of Physics

Rajah Serfoji Government College (Autonomous)

Thanjavur – 613 005, Tamilnadu, India

Mobile:9894889103

email:[email protected]

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

MESSAGE

I am extremely very happy to note that, the PG and Research Department of Physics,

Rajah Serfoji Government College (Autonomous), Thanjavur – 613 005, Tamilnadu, India,

organizes a“UGC – SERO sponsored First National Conference on Thin Film Science and

Nano Technology (FIRST–NCTFSANT–2013)”during 2nd

and 3rd

September, 2013.I came to

know that, Eminent Scientists, Researchers and Motivators from the related fields will address

and interact with the participants.

I would like to congratulate the Organizing Secretaries of this conference Dr. S.

Sakthivel, Dr. L. Akilasundari and Mrs. S. Anjali and the team of faculty members for

organizing this kind of conference.I wish the FIRST–NCTFSANT–2013 a grand success.

Dr. A. THIRUVALLUVAR

mailto:[email protected]

12

Dr. P. BALASUBRAMANIAM

Professor & Coordinator UGC-SAP (DRS-II)

Department of Mathematics

Gandhigram Rural Institute - Deemed University

Gandhigram - 624302

Dindigul District

Tamil Nadu, INDIA

MESSAGE

After more than 20 years of basic nanoscience research and more than

a decade of focused Research and Development, applications of thin

film science and nanotechnology are delivering in both expected and

unexpected ways on nanotechnology’s promise to benefit society.

Nanotechnology is helping to considerably improve, even

revolutionize, many technology and industry sectors: information

technology, energy, environmental science, medicine, homeland

security, food safety, and transportation, among many others. In fact,

Nanotechnology is being projected by science policy makers as the

solution to all the problems of humanity. Consequently, it is almost mandatory now to include

“Nano” somewhere in the research proposals on almost any subject to have a good chance of

funding by S & T agencies globally. Duly realizing this, PG & Research Department of Physics,

Thin Film Physics and Nano Science Laboratory, Rajah Serfoji Government College, Thanjavur,

Tamil Nadu, India, has come out with an innovative programme of conducting UGC - SERO

Sponsored First National Conference on Thin Film Science and Nano Technology (First -

NCTFSANT - 2013), invite students, faculty members and other industry/ R&D persons from

different colleges, universities and industries, make them to exhibit their research concepts and

outputs. The dedicated team of faculty members under the leadership of Dr. S. Sakthivel,

Convener First - NCTFSANT - 2013, has made elaborate arrangements for the successful

conduct of the event, besides bringing out a souvenir. I am confident that this venture will

stimulate all the participants of First - NCTFSANT - 2013.

(P. BALASUBRAMANIAM)

13

Smart Polymer-Ceramic Nano composites For Sensor/Actuator Applications

J. Philip

Sophisticated Test & Instrumentation Centre

Cochin University of Science & Technology

Cochin 682 022

[email protected]

Polymer-Ceramic composites can be considered an established substitute to conventional electro-

ceramics and ferroelectric polymers. These composites have unique blend of polymeric

properties such as mechanical flexibility, high strength, formability, and low cost with high

electro-active properties of the ceramic materials. It has attracted considerable interest because of

their potential use in pyroelectric infrared detecting devices and piezoelectric transducers. These

flexible sensors and transducers may eventually be useful in areas as diverse as space research,

defense, health monitoring, biomedical sensors and actuators, automobiles and various other

engineering applications. In the light of many technologically important applications of this class

of materials it is worthwhile to present an overview of the characteristics of these materials,

including pyroelectric infrared detector theory, models to predict dielectric behavior and

pyroelectric coefficient in conjunction with the concept of connectivity and fabrication

techniques of biphasic composites. A review of pyroelectric polymer-ceramic composite

materials will be presented. Of late there has been a great deal of interest in polymer-ceramic

nanocomposites, prepared by dispersing pyroelectric/piezoelectric ceramic nanoparticles in

electro-active polymer matrix to develop more efficient and sensitive composites for sensor and

actuator applications. We have prepared several such nanocomposites by dispersing

nanoparticles of ceramics, such as Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT), Lithium Niobate, Lithium

Tantalate, Strontium Barium Niobate etc in electro-active polymers such as Poly (vinylidene

fluoride), Poly urethane etc. Relevant properties of these nanocomposites such as pyrolectric

coefficient, figures of merit and hardness will be presented and discussed.

14

THIN FILMS FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY

R. Gopalakrishnan, Department of Physics, Anna University, Chennai.

Thin films have become an important branch of Materials Science and Technology over

the last few decades. Their first application was probably in the field of decorative coatings, but

in the last century many other applications in microelectronics, optics, data storage, sensors,

protection and other purposes have had large impact on the development of thin films and related

deposition techniques. The major exploitation of thin films has been in microelectronics, there

are numerous and growing applications in communications, optical electronics, coatings of all

kinds, and in energy generation and conservation strategies. Many sophisticated analytical

instruments and techniques, largely developed to characterize thin films and surfaces, have

already become indispensable in virtually every scientific endeavor irrespective of discipline.

The vast varieties of thin film materials, their deposition processing and fabrication

techniques, spectroscopic and optical characterization results are used to produce the devices.

The possible techniques are in two ways, either Physical Process or Chemical Process. Physical

method covers the deposition techniques which depend on the evaporation or ejection of the

material from a source, i.e. evaporation or sputtering, whereas chemical methods depend on

physical properties. Structure-property relationships are the key features of such devices and

basis of thin film technologies. The chemical processes are cost effective and the performance of

the deposited material is better for the fabrication of devices. Thus chemical reactions may

depend on thermal effects, as in vapour phase deposition and thermal growth. However, in all

these cases a definite chemical reaction is required to obtain the final film. The typical deposition

methods involved are electroplating, chemical reduction plating and vapour phase deposition and

formation of film from the precursor ingredients e.g. iodization, gaseous iodization, thermal

growth, sputtering ion beam implantation, CVD, MOCVD and vacuum evaporation.

Nanotechnology enhanced thin film solar cells constitute one of the most promising solar

energy solutions and an important currently emerging application of nanotechnology. Solar cells,

transform incoming solar radiation into electricity. The technology has a large potential as a

15

source of renewable energy since the Earth receives many times more energy from sun than is

currently used in the global energy system. Thin film is a more cost effective solution and uses a

cheap support onto which the active component is applied as coating. Also, incorporation of

nanotechnology into the films shows special promise to both enhance efficiency and lower cost.

Many nano structured materials are now being investigated for their potential applications in thin

film photovoltaics.

16

Nanostructured Functional Materials for Clean Energy Storage

A. Vadivel Murugan*

Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, School of Green Energy Technologies, Pondicherry

University (A Central University) Puducherry- 605 014, India

E-Mail:[email protected]

Rapid depletion of fossil fuels, increasing greenhouse gas emissions and growing

environmental concerns demand the development of alternative, sustainable clean energy

technologies. In this regard, Nanoscience and technology play the important role

electrochemical energy technologies such as fuel cells, high energy density batteries, and solar

are appealing for a variety of energy needs ranging from portable electronics to automobiles to

stationary power as they provide clean energy. Among the various alternative energy

technologies, electrochemical energy technologies are the most viable option to replace internal

combustion engines in automobiles. Moreover, batteries are critical as energy storage devices

for effectively utilizing solar and wind energies. Lithium ion batteries have revolutionized the

portable electronics market, but their energy density is limited since only 50 % of the theoretical

capacity of the currently used layered LiCoO2 cathode can be utilized in practical cells. Also,

the adoption of the lithium ion technology for hybrid electric vehicle and plug-in hybrid electric

vehicle applications is hampered by the high cost, safety concerns, and limited power

capabilities of the layered LiCoO2 cathode. This presentation will focus first on a fundamental

understanding of the factors that control the reversible capacity and power capability of the

layered oxide and phospho-olivine cathodes and the capacity retention at elevated temperatures

of the spinel manganese oxide cathodes. Utilizing the understanding gained, the presentation

will then concentrate on the development of complex, low-cost layered oxide solid solutions

with surface modifications exhibiting two times higher capacity than the currently used layered

LiCoO2 cathode. While the high capacity complex layered oxides are appealing for portable

devices and space applications, the low cost, high power spinel oxyfluorides and olivine iron

phosphates are attractive for transportation applications.

17

References:

1.A. Vadivel Murugan, and K. Vijayamohanan, The Chemistry of Nanomaterials, Synthesis,

properties, and applications, © WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim,

publishers, Germany Applications of Nanostructured Hybrid Materials for Supercapacitors,

Book Chapter, pp 219-248, (2007) ISBN: 978-3-527-31664-9, Edited by Prof. C. N. R. Rao,

A. Müller, & A. K. Cheetham

2. A. Manthiram, A. Vadivel Murugan, T. Muraliganth, A. Sarkar, Energy. Environ, Sci., 1,

621, 2008.

3. A. Vadivel Murugan, T. Muraliganth, and A. Manthiram, J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 14665,2008.

4. A.Vadivel Murugan, T. Muraliganth, P. J. Ferreira, and A. Manthiram,” Inorganic

Chemistry, 48, 946-952 (2009)

5. Q. Y. Wang, J. Liu, A. Vadivel Murugan, and A. Manthiram Journal of Materials

Chemistry, 19, 4965-4968 (2009)

6. A. Vadivel Murugan, T. Muraliganth, and A. Manthiram, Electrochemistry

Communications, 10, 903 - 906 (2008)

Low cost, high power olivine iron phosphate nanorods and their electrochemical properties

18

NANO CHEMISTRY

Dr.D.Sarvanan, Assitant Professor,

Department of Chemistry, National College,

Tiruchirappalli – 620 001

"Nanotechnology is very interdisciplinary. It involves methods borrowed from

physics, chemistry and biology, and has ambitions that reach deep into medicine and

engineering, to name but a few of the disciplines it spans. With this breadth of the topic comes a

communication challenge, because specialists trained in any of these disciplines will have to

forgo their specific jargon and make themselves understood by nano enthusiasts with a different

background."

Nanochemistry involves the study of the synthesis and characterisation of materials of nanoscale

size. Nanochemistry is a relatively new branch of chemistry concerned with the unique

properties associated with assemblies of atoms or molecules of nanoscale (~1-100 nm), so the

size of nano particles lies somewhere between individual atoms or molecules and larger

assemblies of bulk material which we are more familiar with.

Nanotubes one of the most widespread studied and used nanomaterials, consist of tiny cylinders

of carbon(and other materials like boron nitride), no wider than a strand of DNA with a wide

range of properties of great use to materials scientists. Nanotubes can be stronger than steel with

only 1/6th the weight. Some nanotubes are excellent insulators, semiconductors or conduct

electricity as well as copper.

Applications of nanochemistry in drug delivery and other applications. Merits and demerits of

use of nano material

19

THIN FILM AND NANOTECHNOLOGY IN FERROELECTRICS

Dr.V. Annamalai ,Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Chikkanna Government

Arts College, Tirupur – 641 602,Tamilnadu. India.

Ferroelectricity is the property of certain materials that have spontaneous electric

polarization. It was discovered in 1920 by Valasek. The example is Rochelle salt .Ferro means

irons which do not contain iron in ferroelectric materials.PZT is a ferroelectric material. It is

widely used as sensors and actuators for bulk structures. Miniaturization of a PZT will not only

perfect many existing products but also opens new applications in various areas such as active

READ/WRITE heads for disc drives, tiny biomedical diagnostic tools, minute hearing implants,

miniaturized surgical tools that are less invasive.

The next generation is to develop scanning and disposable endoscope. These

endoscopes are less than 1 mmdia and 5mm in length. Major component is a single optical fiber

in a minute resonator drives through a 2D surface to obtain image. The dimension of resonator is

<800 µm in dia. It has large enough actuation strength while scanning at 5-15 kHz. There are

four types of micro actuators i) Thermal, ii) Shape memory alloys iii) Electrostatic iv)

piezoelectric. In this PZT film energy density is high when compared to the other three. Hence

new generation scanning endoscope is PZT micro actuators.

In designing PZT micro actuators thickness of PZT film is a critical parameter. It results

in large actuation strength and high frequency band width. This requires large voltage and

power.Successful process of PZT film includes sputtering, directbonding, screen printing,metallo

organic vapourdeposition, sol-gel process and pulsed laser deposition. Sol-gel process is proven

to be most permissive technique since it is easy to control the stoichiometric chemical

composition, inexpensive, suitable for mass production. Hence it is more beneficial to fabricate

PZT films.

Sol-gel Process

First step is to deposit bottom electrode. Second step is to dip coat or spin coat

PZT solution on to the substrate. PZT sol consists of non-solublePb, Zr and Ti. The solvent

evaporates from the solution, the condensation facilitates cross linking of individual clusters in

20

PZT. It is followed with shrinkage and solidification. Third step is sintered at high temperature to

densify the PZT film. The sintered temperature is 600°C to 700°C and time for 4 hours to 6

hours. Finally top electrode is deposited.

Challenges

First challenge is defects such as cracks and delamination. Cracks can short circuit the

top and bottom electrode. Delamination results from mismatch of coefficient of thermal

expansion. Multiple coating can lead to thickness of 5 µm. Crack free PZT films can range from

1 µm to 30 µm. This major limitation helps to form meso and micro devices. Second challenge is

the bottom electrodes of metal platinum/Titanium or oxides of Rubidium. Metal electrode

demonstrate excellent adhesion and provide desire diffusion barrier. On the whole PZT thin film

can have small CTE mismatch,good adhesion and diffusion barrier. Third challenge is the

sintering temperature. Elevated temperature can cause delamination,accelerate the thermal

instability and lose of PbO due to volatility leads to degradation of piezoelectricity.

Synthesization of Lead ZirconateTitanate(PZT)

Glycerol is mixed with PbO and TiO2. It is heated to 250ºC to decompose

glycerol. Heated for 600ºC and maintained for 6 hours,allowed to cool to room temperature dried

mass of PbTiO3.similarly PbZrO3 is obtained both of them are mixed in the ratio 52:48.the

mixture is heated to 900 ºC and maintained for 6 hours. Structural properties are studied using

XRD, particle nature by SER, chemical composition by EDAX.

Polling and Measurement

Particle size 0.025,25,38,53 µm are obtained using sieve plates using PVDF with

ceramic particle PZT-PVDF composite have been obtained. Capacitance and piezoelectric

coefficients have been measured. The results for dielectric constant varies with

temperature,particle size will be discussed. Micrograph pictures showing PZT ceramic powder

and PZT-PVDF composite with particle size.

21

REVIEW OF RECOMBINANT TECHNOLOGY AND

NANOTECHNOLOGY

Dr.Mohankumar

PG and Research Department of Zoology, Chikkanna Govt. Arts College, Tirupur

641 602, Tamilnadu, India

The goal of genetics is to study the structure and function of genes and

genomes. Gene can be moved from one organism to another organism, that organism

containing a foreign gene is called transgenic. Transgenic organisms can be used either

for basic research or for specialized commercial applications. One application has been

to make valuable human gene products such as insulin in transgenic bacteria carrying

the appropriate human gene.

Organisms genes have been artificially altered for a desired affect is often called

genetically modified organisms. The process of isolating a desired gene from DNA of

one organisms and transferring it to the DNA of another organism. Genetic engineering

has given scientists use power then they have ever had. Through genetic engineering

scientists have the power to rewrite an organisms genetic instructions.

Recombinant technology has led the way to monumental advances in the

development of useful products as well in the study diseases mechanisms of action of

molecules and the thus benefitting society . Recombinant products may be of different

kinds, such as nucleic acids ( DNA /RNA) or proteins, including antibodies, enzymes,

hormones growth factors and antigens.

The benefits of human genetic engineering can be found in the head lines nearly

every day. With the successful cloning of mammals and the completion of the Human

Genome Project, scientist all over the world are aggressively researching the many

different facets of human genetic engineering. New pharmaceutical products are

developed through cloning certain genes. Ex: bioengineered insulin and hormones.

Like all other techniques of biotechnology, recombinant DNA technology has also

influenced human life by developing products which are of great benefit to the human

body such as insulin, human growth hormones, antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies.

Mutations are the cause of genetic disease like cystic fibrosis and acquired

diseases like cancer. Through recombinant DNA technology the gene which is

responsible for cancer may be identified and the function will be controlled. Interest in

using engineered nanomaterial’s for medical applications are increasing. Development

22

of newer drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology methods is being tried for

conditions like cancer, diabetes, various fungal infections, viral infections and in gene

therapy. The main advantages of this modality of treatment are targeting of the drug and

enhanced safety profile. Nanotechnology has also found its use in diagnostic medicine

as contrast agents, fluorescent dyes and magnetic nanoparticles,

Recombinant DNA technology is the manipulation and combination of DNA

molecules from different sources. rDNA technology uses the techniques of sequencing,

rejoining, amplifying and locating DNA fragments. The goal of recombinant DNA

technology is to produce many copies of a particular gene. If the DNA is to be used to

make protein , it must be introduced into a host cell. In this way the recombinant

products are developed. Many therapeutic genes have been discovered as a result of

recombinant technology and the human genome project. The development of safe, non

–inflammatory viral vectors that are capable of delivering a therapeutic gene to a

specific population of cells is important for gene therapy ( Singh and Kostarelos , 2009).

Nanoscience refers to the science , manipulation and development of chemical

and biological structures on the scale of individual atoms and molecules. The vision of

nanoscience ultimately combines the science and engineering of human made and

biological entities controlled at the nano meter scale. Application of nanotechnology to

medicine led to the emergence of a new area called Nanomedicine. Which employs

molecular knowledge to address medical problems and maintain and improve human

health.

Recombinant DNA technology has a wide range of application in industries,

medical science and agriculture as well as molecular biology. The expectations from

nanotechnology in medicine are high and the potential benefits are endlessly enlisted,

the safety of nanomedicine is not yet fully defined. Use of nanotechnology in medical

therapeutics needs adequate evaluation of its risk and safety factors. However in

future, it is possible that nanomedicine would play a crucial role in the treatment of

human diseases.

23

THIN FILM SCIENCE

24

UGC –SERO Sponsored National Conference (NCTFSANT-2013) 2-3rd September 2013

SYNTHESIS, PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND FABRICATION OF CdTe

THINFILM SOLAR CELLS USING VACUUM EVAPORATION TECHNIQUE

Dr.S. SAKTHIVEL

* and V. BASKARAN

Thin film Physics and NanoScience Laboratory,

PG and Research Department of Physics

Rajah Serfoji Govt., College, Thanjavur-613 005, Tamilnadu, INDIA

E-mail: *

[email protected];[email protected] *Mobile: +91-9095611000;

ABSTRACT

An efficient Cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film solar cell is prepared by vacuum

evaporation technique on glass substrate. Cadmium telluride (CdTe) has small area and large

efficiency for coming days and long been recognized as a promising material for thin film solar

cell applications. Existing suitable material for solar cell production is the p-CdTe/n-

CdS/TCO/glass structure. A CdCl2 treatment homogenizes the distribution of acceptor-like

defects or impurities leading to an optimized p-conversion of the CdTe layer. X-ray

diffractometry (XRD) were taken for measuring the crystallite size, d-spacing value and structure

of the cdTe film. The structural analysis showed that increase with thickness, crystallinity and

grain size increases where as strain and dislocation density decreases. Raman spectroscopy

confirmed that the formation of phase purity of thin films with their structure. Surface

morphology and defects were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).UV-Vis

absorption studies revealed that CdTe thin film have an optical band gap is optimal for

photovoltaic applications. The photovoltaic properties including I-V characteristics, short-circuit

current (ISC), open circuit voltage (VOC), Fill Factor (FF) and efficiency of CdTe films have been

examined.

Key words: Cadmium telluride, CdCl2, CdS, optical band gap, photovoltaic properties

References:

[1] A. Romeo, G. Khrypunov, F. Kurdesau, D.L. Batzner, H. Zogg, A.N. Tiwari, Technical

Digest ofthe International PVSEC-14, Bangkok, Thailand, 2004, p. 715

[2] L. Frantzis, A. Jones, Proceedings of 16th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy

Conference,Glasgow, UK, 2000, p. 2100

[3] H.S.Patel et al.American journal of materials science and technology, 2012

25

STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF NANO

STRUCTURED ZnO THIN FILMS BY CBD

R.Radhika

Assistant professor of physics, Vellalar College for women, Erode

ABSTRACT

Investigations on the effect of annealing temperature on the structural, optical, electrical

properties and morphology of nano structured ZnO thin films deposited on glass substrate by

chemical bath deposition have been carried out. X- ray diffraction studies revealed that deposited

films are in crystalline nature with Hexagonal structure along the prominent crystallographic

plane. Such as crystalline size, dislocation density, and micro strain were calculated. The UV-

Visible spectroscopy studies revealed that all the films have high optical transmittance (>60%) in

the visible range. The optical band gap values are in the range of 3.23-3ev. The films have

increased transmittance with increase of heat treatment. Scanning electron microscope images

revealed that the flower like shaped grains that occupy the entire range of several nm in size. The

electrical conductivity of ZnO thin film is determined by using Four probe method. The

electrical conductivity of ZnO thin film increases with the increase of annealing temperature.

26


Influence of Al concentration on Structural and optical properties of

Aluminium doped zinc oxide thin films prepared by sol gel spin coating

method.


a, M. Venkatachalam

a ,T.Vasuki

a ,P.Gowthaman

a ,T.Ranganayaki

a

a Thin film Centre, Department of Electronics. Erode Arts and Science College, Erode,

Tamil Nadu, India.

Abstract

Al doped ZnO thin film can be employed as the transparent conducting oxide (TCO) in solar cell

application, due to its advantage of low cost, high productivity, and excellent electrical conductivity

.Multilayer Aluminum doped Zinc oxide (AZO) thin films have been prepared on glass substrate by sol

gel spin coating method. Zinc acetate solutions of 0.5M dissolved in 2-Meathoxie ethanol stabilized by

Monoethanolamine and doped with a concentrated solution of aluminum nitrate in 2-Meathoxie ethanol

were used. The content of aluminum in the sol was varied from 1to 3at% and spin coated at 2000 rpm for

30s.After each deposition the films were per-heated at 200°C for 10 minutes and annealed at 500°C in air

atmosphere for 60 minutes. The structural properties were investigated by using X-ray diffraction

technique. Transmittance spectra were measured by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and the optical

band gap was calculated. The influences of Al concentration on structural and optical properties were

reported.

Keywords: Transparent conducting oxide, Aluminium doped Zinc oxide, sol-gel, structural and

Optical properties.

27

UGC Sponsored National Conference (NCTFSANT-2013) 2-3rd September 2013

PREPARATION AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF CdS THIN FILM BY

CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION





E-mail: *


ABSTRACT

Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) thin films have been prepared from the different

concentrations of Cadmium Chloride and thiourea by chemical bath deposition. One of the most

promising technique for producing low cost Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) film for terrestrial

photovoltaic applications. The annealing temperature was carried out at 5000 C and seems to be

important factors affecting the controlled growth rates of Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) films. The

structural and characterization properties of CdS films were taken from X-ray diffraction (XRD),

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and UV-Vis measurements to study

their characterizations. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) were taken for measuring the crystallite size,

d-spacing value and structure of the CdSfilm. The structural analysis showed that increase with

thickness, crystalline and grain size increases where as strain and dislocation density decreases.

Raman spectroscopy confirmed that the formation of phase purity of thin films with their

structure. Surface morphology and defects were studied by scanning electron microscopy

(SEM).UV-Vis absorption studies revealed that CdS thin film have an optical band gap is

optimal for photovoltaic applications. Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) is a suitable layer for

developing newer photovoltaic devices.

Key words: Cadmium Sulphide, scanning electron microscopy, photovoltaic devices.

References:

1.Moualkia H, Hariech S, Aida M S, Attaf N and Laifa E L 2009 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 42 135404

2. Oliva-Avilés A I, Patiño R, and Oliva A I 2010 Appl. Surf. Sci. 256 6090

28


Growth and study of cadmium tartrate oxalate single crystals by sol gel

technique

A.Krishnan1 and D.Arumugam

2

Department of Physics, M.A.M College of Engineering, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli,

Tamil Nadu,India.1

Department of Physics,Vidyaa Vikkas College of Engineering and Technology, Tiruchengode,

Namakkal,Tamil Nadu,India.2

ABSTRACT

In this research work mixture of two acids were used for changing the PH

of the

solution. Single crystals of cadmium tartrate oxalate were grown by gel technique using single

diffusion method at optimum temperature. The effect of varying various process parameters such

as PH of the gel, gel setting time, gel concentration of the reactance on the growth of crystals

were studied. In the gel preparation process sodium meta silicate (Na2SiO3 is mixed with the

mixed solution of oxalic acid(C2H2O4) and tartaric acid(C4H6O6) in the desired mole fraction.The

harvested crystals were characterized by X- ray powder Diffractogram, Fourier Transform

Infrared Spectroscopy, quantitative elemental analysis of EDAX and Scanning Electron

Microscope. Powder XRD results indicates the polycrystalline nature of these materials. FTIR

specturum of these crystals show all the bands expected from the metal tartrate oxalate along

with water of crystallization. Further the presence of cadmium, carbon and oxygen is confirmed

by EDAX. SEM images show the structure is in the form of flat and the plates with the sharp

edges.

Key words: Crystal growth, Cadmium tartrate oxalate, XRD, FTIR, EDAX and SEM.

29

FLEXIBLE CZTS THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS PREPARED AND FABRICATED BY

SPRAY DEPOSITION METHOD





E-mail: *


ABSTRACT

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films on flexible substrates have been prepared by Spray

Pyrolysis deposition method. Toxic free and inexpensive CZTS thin films are very promising

potential candidate for high efficiency green energy production. The CZTS film elements using

precursor spray solution with thiourea, copper chloride, zinc chloride, and tin chloride in

different concentration ratios onto flexible Al-foil substrate at ambient conditions. The deposited

films were subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-

Vis measurements. The grain size, crystallite structure and lattice parameters are taken from X-

ray diffraction (XRD). Thickness of the film and defects are done from Scanning electron

microscopy (SEM) analysis. UV-Vis study showed high optical absorption coefficient and wide

direct band gap for solar region. The structure of CZTS solar cells on the form of Al-

foil/Mo/CZTS/i-ZnO/ITO/Al-Ni, grid was tentatively fabricated. The best solar cell showed a

short-circuit current density (Isc), open-circuit voltage (Voc),a fill factor(FF) and efficiency under

AM 1.5(100mW/Cm2) illumination. These results demonstrate the CZTS thin films were

successfully deposited by low cost Spray Pyrolysis deposition method

Key words: Flexible substrates, Spray, grain size, CZTS, direct band gap, efficiency.

References:

1. H. X. Wang and J. Bell: SPIE Bio-MEMS and Nanotechnology III,Canberra, 2007, 100–106.

2. H. X. Wang and J. Bell: Proc. ANZES Conf., 2006, 92, 1–4.

3. P. S. Patil: Mater. Chem. Phys., 1999, 59, 185–198.

4. N. Nakayama and K. Ito: Appl. Surf. Sci., 1996, 92, 171–175

30


THE GROWTH AND CHARACTERISTIC STUDIES OF AMMONIUM FERROUS

SULPHATE (AFS) AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES

P.SAGUNTHALA *, S.P.DEEPA.

Department of Physics, Sri Vasavi College, Erode -638 316, TN

ABSTRACT:

Single crystals of (NH4)2SO4Fe2SO4 (AFS) has been successfully synthesized by slow

evaporation method at different temperatures. The phase purity and crystal structure of the grown

crystals have been confirmed by powder XRD studies. The functional groups of the grown

crystals were identified by FTIR (400-4000 nm). Optical behaviour was examined by UV

spectrum. Its mechanical behaviour has been assessed by Vicker’s micro hardness measurement.

KEYWORD: Single crystal, slow evaporation, AFS, Temperatures, UV, FTIR, Micro hardness.

31


Influence of Al concentration on Structural and optical properties of

Aluminum doped zinc oxide thin films prepared by sol gel spin coating

method.


a, M. Venkatachalam

a ,T.Vasuki

a ,P.Gowthaman

a ,T.Ranganayaki

a

a Thin film Centre, Department of Electronics. Erode Arts and Science College,

Erode, Tamil Nadu, India.

ABSTRACT:

Al doped ZnO thin film can be employed as the transparent conducting oxide (TCO) in

solar cell application, due to its advantage of low cost, high productivity, and excellent electrical

conductivity .Multilayer Aluminum doped Zinc oxide (AZO) thin films have been prepared on

glass substrate by sol gel spin coating method. Zinc acetate solutions of 0.5M dissolved in 2-

Meathoxie ethanol stabilized by Monoethanolamine and doped with a concentrated solution of

aluminum nitrate in 2-Meathoxie ethanol were used. The content of aluminum in the sol was

varied from 1to 3at% and spin coated at 2000 rpm for 30s.After each deposition the films were

per-heated at 200°C for 10 minutes and annealed at 500°C in air atmosphere for 60 minutes. The

structural properties were investigated by using X-ray diffraction technique. Transmittance

spectra were measured by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and the optical band gap was

calculated. The influences of Al concentration on structural and optical properties were reported.

Keywords: Transparent conducting oxide, Aluminum doped Zinc oxide, sol-gel, structural and

Optical properties.

32


Preparation and Characterization of nanostructured Zinc Sulphide thin films


2

Thin film physics and Nano science Laboratory, Department of Physics, Rajah Serfoji Govt.

College (Autonomus), Thanjavur1

Department of physics, As-salam College of Engineering and Technology, Thirumangalakudi2

ABSTRACT:

Semiconducting Zinc Sulphide (ZnS) thin films were deposited by dip coating technique

on a glass substrate. Zinc Sulphide thin films are environmental friendly buffer layer for opto –

electronic devices because of their wide band gap. Zinc Sulphide thin films were fabricated by

dissolving ZnS powder in distilled water and stirred well. The deposited film was characterised

by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and UV-Vis

spectroscopy. The structure of the prepared film was studied from X-ray diffraction pattern and

the grain size of ZnS film was calculated using Debye - Scherrer’s formula. Raman spectra of

ZnS thin film give the phase identification. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) shows the

defects and surface morphology of the deposited film. Using UV-Vis spectroscopy

measurements the optical properties such as absorbance, transmittance, film thickness, band gap

were also calculated for this sample. The direct band gap of this film suggests that it is a good

material for opto – electronic devices.

Key Words: ZnS, thin film, Dip coating, XRD, Raman spectra, SEM and UV - Vis

REFERENCES

[1] Kushia, Katsumi (1995) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 35, 4383.

[2] E. Lifshin, X-ray Charachterization of Materials (Wiley-VCH, New York, 1999).

[3] Pawan Kumar, Aravind Kumar, P.N Dixit, T.P., Sharma, Zinc Sulphide vacuum

evaporated thin film (2006) Indian Journal of pure and Appl. Phys., 44, 690-693.

33


Structural and optical studies of Cobalt oxide thin films by modified chemical

bath deposition

A. Albert manoharan1, R.Chandramohan

1, M.Karunakaran

2, S.Saravanakumar

1

1.

Department of Physics, Sree Sevugan-Annamalai College, Devakottai-630 303, India. 2.

Department of Physics, Sethupathy Govt. Arts College, Ramanathapuram-623 502,

India.

1 Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

Cobalt oxide thin films have been prepared on glass substrates by modified chemical bath

deposition process. For deposition of CoO thin films, cobalt chloride [CoCl2.6H2O] was used as

cationic and ammonia [NH3] as anionic precursor in aqueous medium. In this process NaOH

was used as complexing agent. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopic [SEM] analysis

have been used to study the films’ crystal structures, optical and solid state properties. The

optical transition in the films is direct one. For the as- deposited film, the band gap is 2.1eV.

These films could be used as photovoltaic cells, sensors light emitting diodes and also in

biomedical imaging.

Key Words: Cobalt oxide, Chemical Bath Deposition, Band Gap, X-ray diffraction and SEM.


34


Structural and Optical study of Titanium dioxide thin films prepared by

Sol – gel Technique


2

Thin film physics and Nano science Laboratory, Department of Physics, Rajah Serfoji Govt.

College (Autonomus), Thanjavur1

Department of physics, As-salam College of Engineering and Technology, Thirumangalakudi2

Abstract

A simple sol – gel technique was optimized to deposit Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin film

on soda lime glass (SLG) substrate. Titanium dioxide exhibits excellent photo catalytic

properties [1, 2] and is a promising material for sensors. 0.1M TiO2 powder is allowed to

dissolve in the ammonia (NH3) reagent and placed in the stirrer for few hours. The composition

and microstructure of the films were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron

Microscope (SEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The average size of crystallites, structure, strain

and the dislocation density were determined from the X-ray diffraction pattern. Scanning

Electron Microscope (SEM) studies shows the surface structure, defects and thickness of the

TiO2 film. The optical and the solid state properties were carried out on the deposited film using

UV – Visible spectrophotometer. The results showed the absorbance, transmittance, reflectance,

absorption coefficient [3], optical energy gap, extinction coefficient, refractive index and real

and imaginary dielectric constant. This sol – gel method is useful for the preparation of TiO2

films with high photocatalytic activity and desired structure.

Key Words: Sol – gel method, TiO2, XRD, SEM and Optical

References

[1] Fujishima A and Honda K 1972 Nature 238 37

[2] Brevet A, Fabreguette F, Imhoff L, Marco de Lucas M C, Heintz O, Saviot L, Sacilotti M

And Bourgeois S 2002 Surf. Coat. Technol. 151-152 36

[3] Longhurst R.S., Geometrical and Physical Optics, Longmans green (1957).

35


EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURES AND COMPOUND

FABRICATION OF CADMIUM TELLURIDE (CdTe) THINFILM SOLAR CELL BY

SPD TECHNIQUE





E-mail: *


ABSTRACT

Spray Pyrolysis deposition (SPD) method has been employed to prepare p-CdTe thin

films onto glass substrates under various ambient conditions. The precursor solution for the

Spray containing dissolved Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2) and tellurium dioxide (TeO2) with 1:4

ratios of ammonia reagent and distilled water. In order to study structural and optical properties,

films having different thickness have been prepared by changing suitable deposition conditions.

The X-ray diffraction (XRD) study shows that polycrystalline nature of the film. The interplanar

distance, grain size dislocation density were taken from XRD pattern of CdTe film.Scanning

electron micrograph revealed the formation of densely packed, compact and large grained

surface of CdTe films.UV-Vis study showed high optical absorption coefficient exhibiting direct

band gap of the deposited thin films are in the solar energy range. The CdTe thin films having

semiconducting behavior with p-type electrical conductivity and the solar performance of CdTe

absorber layer has been examined with their values are recorded

Key words: SPD, p-CdTe, Cadmium Chloride, XRD, absorber layer, Solar Cell.

References:

1.U. Khairnar, D. Bhavsar, R. Vaidya, G. Bhavsar, Mater. Chem. Phys. 80, 421 (2003).

2. H.M. Ali, H.A. Abd El-Ghanny, J. Phys.: Condens. Mat. , 155205 (2008).

3. R. Sathyamoorthy, Sa.K. Narayandass, D. Mangalaraj, Sol. Energ. Mat. Sol. C. 76, 339 (2003).

4. M.M. Abd El-Raheem, H.M. Ali, N.M. El-Husainy, J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. 11, 813 (2009).

36


Challenges in lead zirconatetitanate (PZT) film fabrication and piezoelectric properties of

different sized PZT powder particle with PVDF polymer as composites

S.Sundaram1, P.Sampathkumar

1, P.Gowdhaman

1, V.Radhika

2, V.Annamalai

1, P.R.Kumar

1

1Department of physics, Chikkanna Government Arts College,Tirupur – 641 602,Tamilnadu, India.

2P.K.R College of Arts & Science for women,Gobichettipalayam -638476, Tamilnadu,India..

ABSTRACT

The part of the topic is a review of challenges encountered in PZT thin film fabrication.

Sol-gel processing is one of the most promising techniques to fabricate PZT thin films. There

are, however, several major challenges, including crack formation, thermally unstable electrodes,

and poor piezoelectric properties.

The other part is polycrystalline PZT powder has been prepared using wet grinding sold

state method. PZT-PVDF composites of 0-3 connectivity of 50% volume fraction has been

prepared with different particle sizes 0.025, 25, 38 and 53 µm by hot press apparatus The

composites were poled at different poling fields 15, 20, 25 and 30 kV/cm for 1 hour at

120°C.The dielectric constant was found increase with increase in temperature. The piezoelectric

strain coefficient and capacitance value have been measured using TAKE control piezometer.

The dielectric constant and voltage coefficient were calculated. The dielectric constant,

piezoelectric constant and voltage coefficient showed an increase in value with increase in

particle size. The distribution of particles in the polymer matrix was studied using SEM.

37


A REVIEW ON THE PREPARATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF ZnO THIN FILMS

BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION METHOD

V. Radhika*, Dr. V. Annamalai**

* Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, PKR Arts College for women, Gobi.

[email protected]

** Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Chikkanna Govt Arts College, Tiruppur.

[email protected]

ABSTRACT:

As a II–VI semiconductor, zinc oxide (ZnO) has a wide band gap (3.3 eV), large exciton

binding energy and has wide applications in various fields such as transducers, gas sensors, and

surface acoustic wave devices. ZnO thin films prepared by different coating techniques can

possess high electrical conductivity and high visible transmittance. Various chemical and

physical deposition methods have been applied to fabricate ZnO thin films. In most cases, high

temperature and special atmosphere are necessary. But the chemical bath deposition (CBD)

method represents a simple and effective way of deposition. Basically, CBD processes involve

preparing ZnO nanoparticles seed layer on special substrate, usually using sol–gel method, and

treatment of seeded substrate in a solution that contains Zn2+

and precipitation agents[1]

. The

different methods of preparation of ZnO thin films on glass substrates by CBD method and some

of their properties are briefly discussed



38


A REVIEW ON STRUCTURE AND OPTICAL CONSTANTS OF ZnO THIN FILMS BY

SOL-GEL METHOD

V. Radhika*, J. Bhuvaneshwari**

* Assistant Professor of Physics, PKR Arts College for Women, Gobi.

[email protected].

** II M.Sc Physics, PKR Arts College for Women, Gobi.

[email protected].

ABSTRACT:

ZnO composed of hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure is one of the most important

II-IV wide band gap semiconducting materials with a bandgap of around 3.2-3.72 eV at a room

temperature 300 K. ZnO thin films have been prepared using zinc acetate dihydrate. Zinc acetate

is prepared on glass substrates at 450 ˚c. ZnO films have a direct band gap value from 0.1m to

0.4 m. Ultraviolet (UV) emission is at 3.26 eV, and it has excellent piezoelectric properties. Its

lowest resistivity is obtained 2.09 Ω cm for 0.3 m. The obtained ZnO thin films can be used as a

photovoltaic material. The optical constants (refractive index, extinction coefficient etc.) of the

ZnO thin films depend on preparation conditions are discussed .

39


SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF VACUUM DEPOSITED MAGNETIC

POLYANILINE (PANI) THIN FILM

Dr.S. SAKTHIVEL * and A.BOOPATHI




E-mail: *


ABSTRACT

Conductive polyaniline(PANI) is nowadays in the forefront of the interest because of its

very good electrical conductivity and beneficial properties such as light weight and low cost. Not

only PANI in the power form, but also PANI thin films are widely investigated, because they can

be used in wide field of applications, for example as sensors and etc., this work deals with the

Vacuum deposited polyaniline (PANI) thin films have been found to exhibit excellent magneto-

optical properties. The vacuum deposited thin films of doped polyaniline have been prepared on

various substrates and their optical, electrical and magnetic characterization carried out. The thin

films prepared on different substrate show a variety of surface topography and magnetic domains

in crystalline phase. The crystallinity is induced by the influence of substrate on which the film is

deposited. The advantage of these films is their magnetization at lower magnetic fields. Thin

films of polyaniline were characterized by UV spectrometer, Mossbauer spectroscopy, surface

topography, X ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, electron spin resonance, Fourier transform infra

red spectroscopy (FTIR).

REFERENCES

1. Dr. P. D. Gaikwada and Dr. K. P. Kakdeb International Conference on Chemical,

Biological and Environment Sciences (ICCEBS'2011) Bangkok Dec., 2011

2. Prafull Mathur,SCK Misra,Ram Kishore, UC Upreti&Jl Pandey Indian journal of

engineering & Materials science Vol. 11, August 2004, pp. 353-357

40


SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYPYRROLE (PPY) THIN FILMS

BY SPIN COATING TECHNIQUE





E-mail: *

[email protected];[email protected] *Mobile: +91-9095611000

ABSTRACT

Polypyrrole (PPy) was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization technique using

monomer pyrrole and ammonium per sulphate as an oxidant in a ratio of 1:1. Thin films of

polypyrrole were prepared by dissolving polypyrrole in mcresol and cast using spin coating

technique on glass substrates. Thin films of polypyrrole were characterized by X ray diffraction

(XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FTIR),

UV visible spectroscopy and electrical resistivity by four probe method.

REFERENCES

1. Wallace G G, Moulton S E, Higgins M J, Kapsa R M I “Organic Bionics” Wiley-VCH

Verlag & Co. KGaA, Boschstr. 12,69469 Weinheim, Germany 2012.

2. Hasoon Salah Abdulla* and Abdullah Ibrahim Abbo

University of Baghdad- College of Science for Women-Physics department

Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 7 (2012) 10666 - 10678

41


SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF POLYPYRROLE THIN FILMS

BY SILAR METHOD





E-mail: *

[email protected];[email protected] *Mobile: +91-9095611000

ABSTRACT

Polypyrrole (PPy) thin films were deposited by simple Successive Ionic Layer

Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method on glass and stainless steel substrate from aqueous

solution. The structural and optical and electrical properties were studied by means of X-ray

diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Fourier transforms

Raman (FT-Raman) Spectroscopy and UV–VIS spectrophotometer. The surface wettability

properties were studied by means of Contact angle meter. electrical resistivity by four probe

method.

REFERENCES

1. P. Herrastia, A. Kulak, D. Bavykin, C. Léon, J. Zekonyte, F. Walsh // Electrochim.

Acta56 (2011) 1323.

2. J.V. Thombare1, M.C. Rath2, S.H. Han3, V.J. Fulari1* Materials Physics and Mechanics

16 (2013) 118-125

3. Gilmore K J, Kita M, Han Y, Gelmi A, Higgins M J, Moulton S E, Clark G M, Kapsa R,

Wallace G G, “Skeletal musclecell proliferation and differentiation on polypyrrole substrates doped with extracellular matrix components,” Biomaterials,Vol. 30, No. 29,

2009, pp. 5292-5304.

42


The effect of Manganese doping on ZnO thin films prepared by modified

chemical bath deposition

M. Karunakaran1, R. Chandramohan

2, S. Gomathi

2, K. Rathidevi

1 S. Balamurali

2 and

K.Kabila3

1Department of Physics, Sethupathy Govt. Arts College, Ramanathapuram - 623 502, India.

2Department of Physics, Sree Sevugan Annamalai College, Devakottai-630 303, India.

3

Department of Physics, Modern Arts and Science College, Jayankondam – 641 114, India.

ABSTRACT

The growth of highly textured Mn doped Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films with a preferred

(002) orientation has been prepared by modified chemical bath deposition using a sodium

zincate bath on glass substrates has been reported. Morphology of the films were found to be

varying well from stacked nanorods to shoots of nanotubes and clustered spherical and hilly

morphology with alteration of deposition conditions like doping molar concentrations,

thickness and subsequent treatment. The value of band gap for pure ZnO is 3.21 eV and it

decreases to 3.00 eV for Mn doped ZnO.

Keywords: SILAR, ZnO, nanorods, Morphology, band gap.

*Corresponding Author: Dr. M. Karunakaran

Email: [email protected]

43


ANNEALING PERFORMANCE OF Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS

FABRICATED BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION




Rajah Serfoji Govt., College, Thanjavur-613 005, Tamilnadu, INDIA.

E-mail: *


ABSTRACT

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films have high optical absorptive, direct band gap and non-

toxic earth abundant composition. (CZTS) thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition

(CBD).These films were annealed at ~6800 and further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and UV-Vis measurements. X-ray

diffraction (XRD) studies shows that the grain size and structural information of CZTS films.

Raman studies had confirmed phase identification. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies

shows that the formation of densely packed, compact and surface defects of CZTS films. The

optical measurements will show the band gap of these films is around 1.4 ev – 1.6 ev, and then its

optical absorption coefficient is on the order of above 104

cm-1

. A type of solar cell structure is

glass/Mo/CZTS/CdS/i-ZnO/ZnO:Al/Al-grid are effectively fabricated. In this cell has a good

agreement with short-circuit current density (Isc), open-circuit voltage (Voc),a fill factor(FF) and

efficiency under AM 1.5(100mW/Cm2) illumination. The CZTS thin films have been showing

semiconductor behavior with p-type electrical conductivity. Further photovoltaic activity of these

films was studied by after formation.

Key words: CBD, Cu2ZnSnS4, semiconductor, open-circuit voltage

References:

1. T. Todorov and D. B. Mitzi: Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2010, 2010, 17–28.

2. K. Tanaka, N. Moritakeand H. Uchiki: Sol. Energy Mater. Sol.Cells, 2007, 91,1199–1201.

3. K. Tanaka, M. Oonuki, N.Moritake and H. Uchiki: Sol. EnergyMater. Sol.Cells,2009, 93,

583–587

44


STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF TiO2 THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY

Sol-Gel METHOD

*T. Ranganayaki, Associate Professor of computer science, EASC, Erode-9. :

[email protected]

* Dr M. Venkatachalam, Associate Professor of Electronics, EASC, Erode-9.

* Dr M. Saroja, Associate Professor of Electronics, EASC, Erode-9.

* T. Vasuki, Research Scholar.

*S. Shankar, Research Scholar.

* Thin film centre, Research Department of Electronics,

Erode Arts and Science College, Erode-9.

Abstract

Clusters of TiO2 nano particles are modeled by means of the state-of-the-art

techniques to characterize their structural, and optical properties. Fabrication of titanium

dioxide (TiO2) thin films on glass substrate using sol-gel method has been studied

massively. The starting materials were Titanium Tetra Isopropoxide, Diethonolamine,

and Ethanol. The materials were mixed together to form sol-gel. The prepared Sol-gel

coated on glass substrate by doctoral blade method. TiO2 thin films were characterized

under annealed and unannealed conditions. The specimens were dried at 250°c for

30minutes. The films obtained were annealed at 500°c and then cooled, inheriting the

high adherence to the substrate transparency, Chemical and mechanical stability. The

surface morphology, film composition, structure and optical properties were evaluated

from SEM, EDAX, XRD, and UV VIS-Spectra. Wave length of the refractive index and

absorption co-efficient in the UV VIS-near IR regions as well as the optical band gap

were inferred from optical transmittance measurements. The characteristics of the

investigated thin films are interpreted in terms amorphous-crystalline phase.

The obtained results were confirmed with earlier reported values.

45

NANO TECHNOLOGY

46


Facile fabrication, Characterization of Bismuth vanadate nanoparticles via

hydrothermal method and its photocatalytic properties

Subramanian Moscow,1 Kandasamy Jothivenkatachalam

1 and Kulanthaivel Jaganathan

2

1 Department of Chemistry, Anna University, BIT campus, Tiruchirappalli,Tamilnadu- 620 024

2 Department of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu - 620 024

E-mail; [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) photocatalyst with nanoparticles morphologies were prepared

by a facile hydrothermal process with bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O) and

ammonium vanadate (NH4VO3) were used as the starting precursors with mole ratio of 2:1. and

the above mixture (a certain amount of deionized water was added if the volume of the mixture

was less than 80 mL) was transferred into a 100-mL Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave for

hydrothermal treatment at 180 C for 12 h. After being washed with deionized water and dried at

60 C overnight, the obtained solid was calcined at 450 C temperature and kept at this

temperature for 4 h, thus obtaining the bismuth vanadate photocatalysts.

The physical and photophysical properties of the as-prepared samples were

characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy

dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and UV–vis diffuse reflectance

spectroscopy (UV–Vis) for investigate the phase, morphology, particle size, elemental

composition. It is shown that the BiVO4 is constructed of numerous of nanoparticles and well

defined morphology. UV-vis spectrum is used to estimate the band gap energy of the prepared

BiVO4 which showed narrower bandgap energies. The photocatalytic activities of the BiVO4

materials were evaluated for the degradation of Rhodamine blue (RhB) under visible-light

irradiation. The photocatalytic activities of BiVO4 samples were highly related to their

crystallinities narrower bandgap and unique shapes.

Ref:

1. Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012, 24(3) 449–457

2. Applied Surface Science 257 (2011) 7758–7762

3. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 117– 118 (2012) 59– 66

47


Optical and Structural Characteratization of plasma treated Zno nano

particles doped with PMMA films

K.A.Vijayalakshmia, R.Deepa

b

aAssistant professor, Sri vasavi college Erode-638316

bResearch Scholar, Sri vasavi college Erode-638316

Plasma physics laboratory, Department of physics

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Zinc oxide nano particles were prepared by using solgel method. Nano particles

of zno doped with PMMA (poly methyl metha crylale) polymer and the films were

prepared by dipcoating method for different temperature. The PMMA /zno film was

plasma treated using DC glow discharge plasma. The treated and untreated films were

characterized by uv-visible and XRD analysis. The varieous results like absorption,

bandgap energy and cryslalline strueture of untreated films were compared with the

plasma treated flims,.

KEY WORDS; PMMA/Zno film, plasma exposure, Band gap, x-Raydiffration.

48


Synthesis, Characterization of Cu0.5Co0.5WO4 and its application on Cr (VI)

removal in aqueous medium

S. Prabhua, R. Udhayakumar

a, K. Jeganathan

**b and K. Jothivenkatachalam*

a

aDepartment of Chemistry, Anna University, BIT-Campus, Tiruchirappalli – 620024, Tamilnadu,

India. b

Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University,

Tiruchirappalli-620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.

*e. mail: [email protected]

Abstract

“multi metal component” oxides like divalent metal tungstates (MIIWO4) has gained

additional importance due to its wide application in various fields. Cr(VI), existing in most

aquatic environments, which is highly toxic and environmentally harmful. Exposure to Cr(VI) in

drinking water increases risk of bladder, liver, kidney, and skin cancers. Therefore, the

development of technologies to prevent further chromium discharge and remediate Cr(VI)

contamination are of great importance. Herein, we report the synthesis of multi-metal component

Cu0.5Co0.5WO4. The synthesized sample was characterized by FT-IR, UV-DRS, XRD, EDX and

FESEM analysis. The average particle and crystalline size was calculated using FESEM and

XRD techniques respectively. The surface area of the sample was measured using BET

techniques. Furthermore, The sample was used to efficient removal of Cr(VI) in aqueous

medium.


49


THE STUDY OF NANOSTRUCTURED NICKEL TITANATE ELECTROCATALYSTS

FOR ETHANOL OXIDATION

R. Saraswathy, D. Karunakaran

Department of Physics, Velammal Institute of Technology, Panchetti, Thiruvallur- 601 204.

E mail: [email protected]

Abstract:

In this work, electrochemically stable nanostructured nickel titanate was prepared by sol

gel method and studied towards their electrocatalytic activity for ethanol oxidation. The structure

and phase changes of electrocatalysts were characterized by

X-ray diffraction (XRD) and TGA-DTA. Scanning electron microscope SEM has confirmed the

uniformity of electrocatalysts. Cyclic voltammetry and polarization tests demonstrate that the

NiTiO3/C catalyst exhibits higher catalytic activity and stability for ethanol oxidation in acid

medium.

50


PREPARATION OF CdSe QUANTUM DOTS THIN FILM

BY DIP COATING

Dr.S. SAKTHIVEL * and A.RAVIKUMAR




E-mail: *

[email protected]; *Mobile: +91-9095611000;

ABSTRACT

In this paper, cadmium selenide quantum dots (CdSe QDs) has prepared by dip coating

method. The films were characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and

UV-visible absorption studies. The structures, strain of the CdSe QDs were taken from X-ray

diffraction studies. The morphology of the CdSe QDs have studied by scanning electron

microscopy. Transmittance spectrum in the ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) regions have been using

in envelope methods. Absorption coefficient and the thickness of the film were calculated from

interference of transmittance spectra.

References

1. Nor Aliya Hamizi, Mohd Rafie Johan 7 (2012) 8473 – 8480.

2. Y.M. Sung, Y.J. Lee and K. S. Parkm J. Am. Chem.Soc. 128 (2006) 9002.

3. S. M. Rashwan, S. M. Abdul-Wahab, and M. M. Mohammed, J. Mater. Sci. Mater.

Electron. 18, 575 (2007).

51


Antibacterial study of Olive oil stabilized superparamagnetic

Iron oxide Nanoparticles

K. L. Palanisamy1*


3

1Department of Physics, Sengunthar Engineering College, Tiruchengode, India

2Department of Physics, KSR Institute for Engineering and Technology, Tiruchengode, India

3Department of Biomedical Engineering,

PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, India

Corresponding author: Tel: +9199651-39339, Fax: 91-4288-255716, email : [email protected]

Abstract

This work presents the synthesis, characterization and implication of magnetic

nanoparticles in identifying the antibiotic sensitivity on gram positive bacteria with one of the

important carrier oil ( Olive oil ), which is so useful in biomedical applications and here used as

stabilized agent. The iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using co-precipitation method

and stabilized with bio-surfactant such as olive oil. These nanoparticles were characterized by X-

ray diffraction method, FTIR analysis, particle size analyzer and Transmission Electron

Microscopy. Structure of initial magnetite nanoparticles synthesized was confirmed by XRD

analysis and the estimation of nanoparticles size with the value of 20-50 nm and it was

confirmed with TEM. The attachment of functional groups of oils was predicted using FTIR

spectroscopy. Studies indicate that olive oil stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles show effective

antibacterial activity toward the gram- positive bacterium bacillus cereus compared to sample

which was prepared without any stabilizer. The results suggest that iron oxide NPs with surface

coating of olive oil could potentially be used as an effective antibacterial agent.

Key words : Super paramagnetic Iron oxide nanoparticles , Olive oil and bacillus cereus


52


A study on comparison of carrier oils stabilized superparamagnetic Iron oxide

Nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity

K. L. Palanisamy1*


3

1Depart nt of Physics, Sengunthar Engineering College, Tiruchengode, India

2Department of Physics, KSR Institute for Engineering and Technology, Tiruchengode,India



Corresponding author: Tel: +9199651-39339, Fax: 91-4288-255716, email: [email protected]

Abstract

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles intended for remediation will be deliberately released

into the environment; on the other hand, a very few is known regarding their impact on bacterial

populations. Study was made to investigate the effect of the iron oxide nanoparticles on bacterial

growth in culture media and to evaluate the effect of these nanoparticles on water treatment. The

effect of lab-prepared iron oxide nanoparticles were stabilized in olive oil, Flaxseed oil and

Almond oil. The cell growth experiments ( Kirby Bauer method ) is used to investigate the

antibiotic sensitivity of the samples separately with these three kinds of carrier oils stabilized

nanoparticles at 10 μL and 20 μL on gram- positive bacterium bacillus cereus (vegetative cell).

The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction method, FTIR analysis, particle size

analyzer and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Structure of initial magnetite nanoparticles

synthesized was confirmed by XRD analysis and the estimation of nanoparticles size with the

value of 20-50 nm and it was confirmed with TEM. The attachment of functional groups of oils

was predicted using FTIR spectroscopy. This comparison study revealed that olive oil stabilized

iron oxide nanoparticles show effective antibacterial activity than the flaxseed oil and almond oil

stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles. The results suggest that iron oxide NPs with surface coating

of olive oil which has the major constituent of oleic acid can be used as an effective antibacterial

agent than the other carrier oils.

Key words: Iron oxide nanoparticles, Olive oil, flaxseed oil, almond oil and bacillus cereus


53


Water treatment studies of Magnetic Iron oxide Nanoparticles Mediated by various

carrier oils

K. L. Palanisamy1*


3

1Department of Physics, Sengunthar Engineering College, Tiruchengode, India

2Department of Physics, KSR Institute for Engineering and Technology, Tiruchengode,India



Corresponding author: Tel: +9199651-39339, Fax: 91-4288-255716, email : [email protected]

Abstract

The significance of nanoparticles for biomedical applications is often assessed by their

narrow size distribution, suitable magnetic saturation, better biocompatibility and low toxicity

effects. In this work superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were synthesized via

a co-precipitation technique using ferrous salts with a Fe3+/Fe2+. Carrier oils such as olive oil,

flaxseed oil and almond oil have been used as the nanoparticle coating material, owing to their

benefits to the environment. The treatment of water to make it safe for human consumption is a

problem of immense concern to everyone. The aim of this study to develop a safe water

treatment strategies in a more eco-friendly manner using this carrier oils coated SPIONs for

removing the chromium ions. The prepared nanoparticles were studied in terms of size,

morphology, magnetic behavior, structure, surface area including surface chemical structure and

charges using different techniques such as TEM, VSM, XRD and FTIR. The results of both

studies shown in this work represent that could be cost-effective, simple, robust and

environmentally friendly whilst utilizing biocompatible materials.

Keywords : Key words : SPIONs, Olive oil, flaxseed oil, almond oil and water treatment


54


PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF NANOSIZED ZIRCONIA TOUGHNED

ALUMINA CERAMICS




Rajah Serfoji Govt., College, Thanjavur-613 005, and Tamilnadu, INDIA

E-mail: *

[email protected]; *

Mobile: +91-9095611000;

ABSTRACT

Bio inert nanomaterials of implant surface is a crucial feature in influencing cell

response, adhense and growth. The alumina (Al2O3) , zirconia (ZrO2) both are biocompatible.

The microstructure of the alumina-zirconia composites obtained by the colloidal processing

synthesis technique is very fine with submicrometer alumina grains and intergranular nanosized

zirconia particles.the morphology of the produced powders was examined by SEM. The

alumina- zirconia nano composites have high resistance, improve lifetime and high reliability of

ceramic joint prostheses.The mechanical properties of zirconia toughned alumina ceramics was

studied.

keywords: bio ceramics, zirconia toughned alumina, alumina, zirconia.

55


PREPARATION, PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION OF NANO GLASS CERAMICS




Rajah Serfoji Govt., College, Thanjavur-613 005, and Tamilnadu, INDIA E-mail:

*[email protected];

*Mobile: +91-9095611000;

ABSTRACT

Glass ceramics are a special group of materials in which base glass can be crystallized

under carefully controlled conditions. Which in determine the properties of the material. Bio

active glass ceramics material have the interfacial interaction with surrounding tissue. Glass

ceramics obtained by the different composition (CaO-SiO2-P2O5-CaF2-MgO) of the material.The

different concentration of 50 g, 100 g, 150 g, 200 g glass ceramics was examined by

conventional sintering technique.The different properties such as compressive strength, young's

modulus, density and bond strength was studied for medical application. The bio activity and no

toxicity superior mechanical properties and good bio compatibility make it useful in artificial

bone and dental implants.

keywords: glass ceramics, medical application glass ceramics, CaO, SiO2, P2O5,

CaF2,MgO.

56


Studies on Nano zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) Synthesized by Dip Coating method

Dr.S.Sakthivel and S. Rajivgandhi




E-mail: *

[email protected]; *

Mobile: +91-9095611000

ABSTRACT

Synthesis and characterization of nanoscopic Zirconium dioxide materials are reported.

By using dip coating method with various transition temperatures, the samples were prepared on

high pure and well cleaned glass substrate. The Scanning Electron Microscope was used for

examination of structural morphology. The size of the crystals and crystalline structure were

investigated from XRD equipment. These nano dimension ZrO2 particles are used as a dielectric

medium in the fabrication of capacitors. The physical properties like electrical conductivity,

resistivity, band gap energy were analyzed by Four Probe Method. The capacitance and

dielectric constant values were studied and calculated using LCR meter. The transmittance of the

samples is examined from UV- Vis spectrograph meter.

57


SYNTHESIS, GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SEMI ORGANIC SINGLE

CRYSTAL ON NaCl DOPED WITH GLYCINE IN VARIOUS RATIOS’

YASOTHA.P*, SAMIDURAI. Y

Department of Physics, Sri Vasavi college, Erode - 638 316

ABSTRACT

Single crystals of Sodium chloride(NaCl) doped with Glycine ,a single crystal of NaCl have

been grown by slow evaporation method .The phase purity and crystal structure of the grown

crystal have been confirmed by powder XRD studies . The presence of various functional group

of the grown crystals were identified through FTIR (400-4000 nm). The optical transmittance

and lower cutoff value of UV transmission were ascertained by recorded UV-visible spectrum.

Mechanical behaviour has been assessed by Vicker’s microhardness measurement.

KEYWORD: Grown Crystal, Semi organic, NaCl, Glycine , UV, FTIR, Micro hardness.

58


Comparison of fastness properties of dyed cotton fabric with eco-friendly

natural dyes obtained from Achras sapota and Spathodea campanulata

Dr.M.Kumaresan,

Professor and Head, Department of Chemistry, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College,

Thudupathi, Erode,Tamilnadu, 638 057. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Bleached cotton fabric was dyed with natural dyes obtained from the stem of Achras

sapota and flower of Spathodea campanulata. Thecolour fastness properties and colour strength

of dyed cotton fabric were determined and compared. From the comparative study offastness

properties and colour strength of the dyed cotton samples, Spathodea campanulata in

simultaneous mordanting method with3% mordant combination gives better results as compared

to the natural dye obtained from the stem of Achras sapota .

Keywords: Achras sapota, Cotton, Fastness, Mordants, Natural dye, Spathodea campanulata

Keywords: Achras sapota, Cotton, Fastness, Mordants, Natural dye, Spathodea campanulata


59


Application of photoelectrocatalytic technologies for environmental

applications

S.V.ELANGOVAN,

Assistant Professor (Sr.Grade),, Department of Chemistry,Vellelar College of Engineering

and Technology,Erode-638012, Tamilnadu, India

V.Chandramohan

Department of Chemistry,PSG College of Arts and Science,Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India

Dr.M.Kumaresan,



ABSTRACT

Industrial effluents usually contain large quantities of synthetic organic compounds. Effluents

from such type of industries cause considerable pollutions and poses serious threat to

environment. Conventional wastewater treatments cannot degrade the majority of these

pollutants. Oxidation processes are one of the main steps in water treatment .In this paper

degradation of synthetic organic dyes in wastewater were studied by the various researchers

using electrochemical process are compared. In the current situation, the applications of

photoelectrocatalytic technology is also discussed

Keywords: Decoloration, Photocatalyst, Photoelectrocatalytic degradation,


60


BIO COMPATIBLITY OF BIO INERT CERAMIC THINFILMS

S.Sakthivel, D.Saritha and A.Boopathi




E-mail: *

[email protected]; *Mobile: +91-9095611000;

ABSTRACT

Bio ceramics are ceramic materials that are bio compatible. The class of ceramics used

for repair and replacement of diseased and damaged parts of musculoskeltal systems are termed

bio ceramics. Bio ceramics range in biocompatiblity from the ceramic oxides which are inert in

the body, to the other extreme of resorbable materials which are replaced by the materials which

they are used to repair. Bio inert high strength material l (zirconia(ZrO2),alumina(Al2O3)) do not

release any toxic constituents, they do not show positive interaction with living tissue. the

different concentration of alumina, zirconia thin films were examined by spray pyrolysis and sol-

gel technique. sample characterization was performed via X-Ray diffraction. The cytotoxity and

mechanical behavior of bio inert ceramic thin films shows that biocompatiblity of material.

keywords: bio ceramics, alumina, zirconia, bio inert ceramics

61


Dyeing of cotton fabric with eco-friendly natural dyes using single mordants

Dr.M.Kumaresan,



ABSTRACT

Bleached cotton fabric was dyed with natural dyes obtained from the fruit of

Opuuntia Tuna. The colour fastness properties and colour strength of dyed cotton fabric were

determined and compared. From the study of fastness properties and colour strength of the dyed

cotton samples, Opuuntia Tuna in simultaneous mordanting method with 3% mordant

combination gives better results as compared to 1% and 2% combination.

Keywords: Opuntia Tuna, Cotton, Fastness, Mordants, Natural dye Biosynthesis,


62


CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE

NANOPARTICLES

A. Nithya, K. Jothivenkatachalam* and K. Rokesh

Department of Chemistry, Anna University, BIT-campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu.

E. mail: [email protected]

Transition metal oxides with nanostructure have attracted considerable interest in many

areas of chemistry, physics, material science, biotechnology, information technology and

environmental technology as next generation technologies. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a nontoxic

material and has been applied in environmental treatments such as water and air purification,

water disinfection and sterilization because of its unique properties such as strong photocatalytic

activity and chemical stability. The most widely accepted mechanism is the migration of valence

electron to conduction band and formation of hole-electron pairs. These hole-electron pairs react

with adsorbed molecules at semiconductor surface, resulting in degradation of adsorbates. An

only drawback is it has wide band gap energies (3.2eV) and its activity in UV region. The

formation of nanoparticles which exhibit the activity of TiO2 in the visible region. Nanoparticles

which enhance the catalytic property compared to its bulk form.

Development of green nanotechnology is generating interest of researchers towards

ecofriendly biosynthesis of nanoparticles. In our present work, TiO2 nanoparticles was

synthesized by biological method using Aloe vera gel extract and characterized by UV-DRS,

FTIR, XRD, AFM techniques. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated for reactive dye solution

under visible region.


63


NANO MEDICINE

64


Impact of Nanoparticles against Salmonella sp isolated from Poultry birds

Chithira, A and A.Mohankumar*

PG and Research Department of Zoology, Chikkanna Govt. Arts College,

Tirupur 641 602, Tamilnadu, India

ABSTRACT

Nanomedicine involves utilization of nanotechnology for the benefit of

human health and well being. The nanomedicine has the potential to revolutionize

the various disease treatments in animal systems in the world. Due to increase in

the outbreak of bacterial diseases in the poultry industry and the indiscriminate use

of antibiotics has led to development of bacterial resistance, new antibacterial

agents are highly necessary to treat the diseases. The metal oxide nanoparticle

ZrO2 used against Salmonella sp isolated from the poultry birds. The antibiotics

Amikacin, cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, cephalithin, ceftriaxone,

entrofloxacin, gentamicin, ampicillin, trimethoprime and cefoxitin were used in

this study. Among fifty isolates , the minimum percentage of frequency 18.18%

was recorded in five isolates, and maximum percentage of frequency 72.72% was

recorded in one isolate with multiple antibiotic resistance pattern Ak-Tet-Cot-Ctr-

Cep-Gen-Amp-Tr. Different concentration of ZrO2 ( 50µg, 100µg and 150µg) were

prepared and treated against Salmonella sp isolate showed high percentage

frequency of 72.72%, the lowest concentration ( 50µg) of nanoparticles ZrO2

showed inhibitory effect against the isolate.

*Corresponding author : [email protected]


65


COMPOUND PREPARATION AND FABRICATION OF ELECTRON BEAM

EVOPARATED CADMIUM SELENIDE (CdSe) THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS





E-mail: *


ABSTRACT

Highly oriented Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) thin film solar cells were fabricated on

glass substrates by Electron beam evaporation technique in the vacuum about 10-6

torr.Cadmium

Selenide (CdSe) is an important semiconductor is well suited for opto-electronic applications.

The device is composed of two electrodes, Al-ZnO film as the n-type and Cu2O films as the P-

type. A thin layer of CdSe absorber was deposited by Electron beam evaporation, coating the

ZnO nano structures and the entire assembly formed p-i-n junction. The deposited films were

subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman

spectroscopy and UV-Vis measurements to study their characterizations. The interplanar

distance and structural parameters were taken from X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The surface

morphology and defect studies were done by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Raman

studies confirmed the phase identification. The values of band gap energy and absorption

coefficient were calculated by UV-Vis absorption studies. The photovoltaic characteristics were

confirmed with cell structure of < Glass/Al-ZnO/nanostructured Al- ZnO/CdSe/Cu2O >;

Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) is a suitable potential candidate for developing newer photovoltaic

devices.

Key Words: Cadmium Selenide, Nano structured Al-ZnO, Vacuum Evaporation, Solar cell

References: [1] Vishwakarma S R, Verma A K, Tripathi R S N, Rahul. Electrical characterization of

Electron beam evaporated Cd1-xSex thin films,J.Nano-Electron.phys.3(2011)No.1, pp. 558-562.

[2] Suthan Kissinger N J, et al.Structural and optical properties of Electron beam evaporated

CdSe thin films, Bull.Mater. sci., Vol. 30, No. 6, December 2007, pp. 547-551.

[3] Sharma H P, et al. Structural optical and Electrical properties of evaporated CdSe thin

films. J.Mater. sci., Technol., Vol 11, 1995.

66


HIGH EFFICIENCY HETROJUNCTION CADMIUM SULPHIDE (CdS) THIN FILM

SOLAR CELLS BY THERMAL EVAPORATION TECHNIQUE





E-mail: *


ABSTRACT

Promising well quality absorber layer of Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) thin film

heterojunction solar cells has been prepared and characterized by thermal evaporation technique

with combination of p-Cu2S on glass substrate. The Cu2S layer was produced by vacuum

evaporation of a thin layer of CuCl followed by heat treatment. n-CdS / p-Cu2S solar films are

clearly hetrojunction cell with CdS having band gap energy 2.42ev and Cu2S having an energy

gap 1.2ev.Band gap energy of Cu2S layer was responsible for the large photocurrent generation.

A typical structure of CdS based hetrojunction solar cell is glass/Ag/n-CdS/p- Cu2S/Al-grid .The

prepared films are subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM),

and UV-Vis measurements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows the particle size and

crystallography of the film. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image shows that morphology

and texture of the film surface. Then, the optical properties such as absorption,transmittance,and

reflection were done by UV-Vis spectral analysis. The photovoltaic properties of n-CdS /p-Cu2S

hetrojunction solar cells have been examined after formation. Heat treatment improved the

junction formation and as well as efficiency.

Key words: hetrojunction solar cells, p-Cu2S, thermal evaporation, Cadmium Sulphide

References:

[1] T.Aba,Y.Kashiwaba,M.Baba,J.Imai et al. Applied surface science 175,549(2001)

[2] D.Patidar et al. chalcogenide Lett. 5, 21(2008)

[3] Ralf Erni, Nigel D.Browing, Ultramicroscopy, 107,267(2007)

[4] S.M.Hus, M.Paralak.J.phys.D:Appl.phys.41, 035405(2008)

[5] A.Ashour.J.optoelectronics and Advanced materials Vol.8,No.4,pp.1447-1451(2006)

67


Development of hydrogen electrode for Alkaline fuel cell

DR.S. SAKTHIVEL * V. MARY PRADEEPA AND A.BOOPATHI




E-mail: *

[email protected]; *Mobile: +91-9095611000

Abstract:

An alkaline fuel cell (AFC), which was developed using nickel electro-catalyst for hydrogen

oxidation process is reported. Pumice plate was used as an electrode substrate, and it was made

by depositing conducting carbon using CVD process. Nickel metal was electroplated over the

carbon deposited pumice plate. Carbon nanotubes were deposited over the electroplated nickel to

prevent nickel from getting corroded by KOH solution (electrolyte).the results are presented to

show current voltage characteristics.

Key words: Alkaline fuel cell (AFC), Pumice plate as electrode, Conducting carbon

68


PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND FABRICATION OF ECO-FRIENDLY

CZTS THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS BY VACUUM EVAPORATION METHOD





E-mail: *


ABSTRACT

Non-toxic, eco friendly Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films, a suitable potential candidate for

the absorber layers of solar cells, were successfully deposited on Mo coated glass substrate by

thermal evaporation technique. CZTS thin film fabricates on the order of sequential vacuum

evaporation of Cu, Zn, Sn, and S at different substrate temperatures. X-ray diffraction (XRD)

studies revealed that polycrystalline films exhibiting kesterite structures with preferential

orientations. The surface morphology, grain size and defects of CZTS films was determined

from the scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The structural analysis showed increase with

thickness,crystallanity and grain size increases whereas strain and dislocation density decreases.

UV-Vis absorption studies revealed that CZTS thin film have an optical band gap from 1.4 – 1.56

ev, It was optimal for photovoltaic applications. A large absorption coefficient (104

cm-1

) and low

resistivity achieved. The deposited film CZTS were annealed at 590C, to avoid forming binary

compounds. CZTS thin film based solar cell having fabrication consists of SLG/Mo/CZTS/CdS/i-

ZnO/Al-ZnO/Ni/Al/MgF2.The photovoltaic properties of CZTS thin film solar cells have been

examined after formation.

Key words: Evaporation, X-ray diffraction, binary compounds, CZTS thin film

References:

1. H. Katagiri, K. Jimbo, S. Yamada, T. Kamimura, W. S. Maw,T. Fukano, T. Ito and T.

Motohiro: Appl. Phys. Exp., 2008, 1,041201.

2. M. Kemell, M. Ritala and M. Leskel: Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater.Sci., 2005, 30, 1–31.

3. H. Katagiri, N. Sasaguchi, S. Hando, S. Hoshino, J. Ohashi andT. Yokota: Sol. Energy

Mater. Sol. Cells, 1997, 49, 407–414.

69


Characterization of alkaline fuel cell

DR.S. SAKTHIVEL * V. MARY PRADEEPA AND A.BOOPATHI




E-mail: *


Abstract

The characterization of new type of alkaline fuel cell based on oxidation of chemical hydride has

been studied. The chemical hydride can be used as a new fuel source in a fuel cell system. As a

result, we find that the electrochemical reaction rate is higher at a normal temperature compared

with cells containing other hydrogen fuels where a hydrogen-releasing agent, NaBH4, is added to

an aqueous alkaline solution of electrolyte as hydrogen fuel. That is, the fuel can be supplied

very simply for the cell. If air is supplied to the oxygen cathode made of highly dispersed

platinum particles supported in high-surface-area carbon paper, and the hydrogen releasing agent

is fed to the alkaline solution of electrolyte at the side of metal hydride anode, the cell can

produce electric current continuously. Also it can be operated at a normal temperature and

produce a large amount of energy due to its high energy density. Therefore, the developed cell

has higher electrochemical reaction rate and energy density than the conventional fuel cells using

other hydrogen sources.

Keywords : Alkaline fuel cells, NaBH4 electrolyte, oxygen cathode.

70


ALKALINE POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS

DR.S. SAKTHIVEL * V. MARY PRADEEPA AND V. BASKARAN




E-mail: *


Abstract

In recent decades, fuel cell technology has been undergoing revolutionary developments, with

fundamental progress being the replacement of electrolyte solutions with polymer electrolytes,

making the device more compact in size and higher in power density. Nowadays, acidic polymer

electrolytes, typically Nafion, are widely used. Despite great success, fuel cells based on acidic

polyelectrolyte still depend heavily on noble metal catalysts, predominantly platinum (Pt), thus

increasing the cost and hampering the widespread application of fuel cells. Here, we report a

type of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) employing a hydroxide ion-conductive polymer,

quaternary ammonium polysulphone, as alkaline electrolyte and nonprecious metals, chromium-

decorated nickel and silver, as the catalyst for the negative and positive electrodes, respectively.

In addition to the development of a high-performance alkaline polymer electrolyte particularly

suitable for fuel cells, key progress has been achieved in catalyst tailoring: The surface electronic

structure of nickel has been tuned to suppress selectively the surface oxidative passivation with

retained activity toward hydrogen oxidation. This report of a H2–O2 PEFC completely free from

noble metal catalysts in both the positive and negative electrodes represents an important

advancement in the research and development of fuel cells.

71


NANOTECHONOLOGY IN FOOD AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY

Er. Ranjit Singh1 *



1M .Tech II Year (FPE), Indian Institute of Crop Processing Technology, Thanjavur, India

2Assistant Professor Dept .of Academics and HRD, IICPT, Thanjavur, India

3 Director, IICPT, Thanjavur, India

* [email protected]

Keeping leadership in food and food processing industry, We have to work with

nanotechnology and nano-bio-info in the future. The markets are changing already.Tomorrow we

will design food by shaping molecules and atoms. The nanofood market is expected to surge

from 2.6 bn. US dollars today to 7.0 bn. US dollars in 2006 and to 20.4 bn. US dollars in 2010.

More than 200 Companies around the world are today active in research and development. USA

is the leader followed by Japan and China. By 2015 Asian with more than 50 percent of the

worldpopulation will be the biggest market for Nanofood with the leading of

China.Nanotechnology can be applied to packaging (nanocomposites), controlled delivery

systems (nanoencapsulation), and to develop nanodevices (nanosensors) for detection at

molecular level. The demand for eco friendly nanocomposite films is in worldwide, since it can

provide enhanced gas and moisture barrier properties, increased stiffness with lighter weight,

strength and thermal stability.In mechanical terms, nanocomposites differ from

conventional composite materials due to the exceptionally high surface to volume ratio of the

reinforcing phase and its exceptionally high aspect ratio. Nano packaging can also be designed to

release antimicrobials, antioxidants, enzymes, flavours and neutraceuticals to extend the shelf

life of food products.On the other side, with technology of manipulating the molecules and the

atoms of food, the future food industry has a powerful method to design food with much more

capability and precision, lower costs and sustainability. Thus nanotechnology has a high

potential to modernize the food industry.

Key words : Nanotechnology, Nanosensors, Nanocomposites, Nanoencapsulation .

72


NANOBIOS IN MEDICAL IMAGING AND THERAPY

Er. Ranjit Singh1 *



1M .Tech II Year (FPE), Indian Institute of Crop Processing Technology, Thanjavur, India

2Assistant Professor Dept .of Academics and HRD, IICPT, Thanjavur, India

3 Director, IICPT, Thanjavur, India

* [email protected]

One of the emerging fields in nanotechnology is nanobiotechonology, it can be defined as

the application of nanotechnology and micro fluidics to life sciences, including nano-scaled tools

and development of templates in biological systems. It is applicable to management of cancer,

which rely on application of Quantum Dots, Gold nanoparticles, Molecular imaging in

diagnostics in combination with threapeutics. Nanofluids, Nanoarray and Optical Nanosensors

are used for in Vivo analysis of proteins and biomarkers that aid in detection of Cancer.

Nanotechnology has refined proteomics. Nanoproteomics- the term can be used to indentify how

genetic determinats of cancer alter cellular physiology and response to agonists.

Nanotechnology based methods of drug delivery in cancer are targeted drug delivery and specific

receptor binding. Nanoparticles have been used for p53 Gene therapy of cancer and formulation

of tumor suppressor gene FUSI. Thus nanotechnology paves way for oncology based molecular

diagnostics, drug discovery ,drug delivery and development of nanomedicine.

Key words : Nanotechnology, Nanobiotechonology, Nanoproteomics, Quantum Dots, FUSI.

73


Ultrasonic Studies of Tetraethylammonium Bromide and Tetrapropylammonium

Bromide in DMF-Water Systems at 303 K, 308 K and 313 K.

B.Hemalatha,,1*

P.Vasantharani1.K.Karthikeyani Vijayakumari

2.P.Selvakumari.

3

1Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.

1* Department of Physics, St. Martin’s Engineering College, Kompally, Secunderabad-500 014,

A. P., India.

2 Department of Physics,Government Arts college for women.(A).Pudukkottai.

3 Department of Physics , periyar Government Arts college.Cuddalore.

*Corresponding author E-mail address: [email protected],

Abstract Ultrasonic velocities in solutions of tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB) and

tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPAB) in 10, 20 and 30 %w/w N,N-dimethylfomamaide

(DMF)-water mixtures were measured at 303 K, 308 K and 313 K by using pulse echo overlap

method at a frequency of 3 MHz. The ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity were used to

calculate the adiabatic compressibility, apparent molal compressibility, apparent molal volume,

limiting apparent molal compressibility, and limiting apparent molal volume. The observed

variation in these parameters with respect to the molality highlights the type of interaction in the

electrolytes and the structure making property of the salts.

Keywords Adiabatic compressibility. apparent molal compressibility. apparent molal volume.

ion-ion and ion-solvent interaction.


74


Physical properties of nano-scale Zinc Oxide Thin films using

Chemical Spray Pyrolysis Method

R.Ramadas, K.Kesavan, R.Murugasami, Dr.D.Kumar

Periyar Maniammai University, Vallam, Thanjavur -613 403

email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Transparent thin films of zinc oxide (ZnO) were deposited onto pre-cleaned glass

substrate as the precursor solution of Zinc Acetate by using chemical spray pyrolysis method at

temperatures of 300oC.The optical Transmittance and Absorbance spectrum of transparent ZnO

thin films was measured using UV-Visible spectrophotometer in the wavelength range of 350-

900nm. Developed thin films are transparent in visible region and ultra-violet cut-off wavelength

almost 450nm. Developed ZnO thin films crystal structure and orientation were analyzed using

X-ray Diffraction method. It revealed the developed thin films are polycrystalline nature and

grain sizes almost 100nm.Thin film surface topography and morphology were analyzed using

SEM (Scanning Electron microscope). The developed thin films are almost uniform particle size

distribution. The developed thin films could be use as a Gas sensing and Photo voltaic

applications.

Keywords: ZnO, Thin film, Spray pyrolysis, Zinc acetate, Annealing temperature, optical

transmittance, topography, crystal structure, UV-Visible spectrophotometer ,X-ray diffraction,

SEM, Gas sensing.

75


Structural and Optical Characterization of Nanoscale CdO:Mn Thin films prepared by

Chemical Spray Pyrolysis Technique

K.Kesavan*, Dr. V. Manivannan

**, R. Ramadas

*

*Periyar Maniammai University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, India - 613 403

**PRIST University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, India-613 403, [email protected]

Abstract

A great deal of research efforts was directed towards investigation of the physical

properties of thin film to improve the quality and performance of the device and for finding new

applications. In this study, undoped cadmium oxide (CdO) and manganese doped cadmium oxide

(CdO:Mn) films were deposited onto glass substrates by home built spray pyrolysis technique at

250C temperature. The structure of the undoped and manganese doped films were studied by X-

ray diffraction have polycrystalline structure with (111) preferential orientation. X-ray peak line

was studied to estimate grain size, strain and other orientations. The transmittance in visible and

NIR region with direct optical band gap were estimated for undoped CdO and manganese doped

CdO. The results were analyzed for three different concentrations of Mn doped CdO films and

are reported.

76


Synthesis and characterization of poly vinyl alcohol-poly ethylene glycol-lead sulphide

nanocomposite film

V. Krishnakumar*,1

G. Shanmugam1

, K. Parasuraman2

1Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem-636011, India.

2Department of Physics, Poompuhar College (Autonomous), Poompuhar -609 107, India

[email protected]

Abstract

The polymer composite film containing poly vinyl alcohol, poly ethylene glycol and lead

sulphide has been prepared by solution casting method. XRD pattern revealed that the formation

of PbS nanocomposite film with cubic phase. SEM microghraph showed that the spherical

shaped PbS nanoparticles are well monodispersed in the polymer composite. Optical absorption

spectrum of the film exhibited a strong blue shift, compared with the absorption band of bulk

PbS. The room temperature photoluminescence spectrum of the film showed one peak, centered

on 525 nm which is attributed to green emission of PbS nanoparticles. The high value of

dielectric constants at lower frequencies showed that the relaxation contribution is superimposed

by electrode polarization effect and the appearance of peak in loss tangent suggests the presence

of relaxing dipoles in nanocomposite film.

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

77


Degradation of Yellow GR Dye by using nano particle TiO2 in presence of solar

radiation

G.Satheeshkumara , A.Kannanan

b and D.Saravanan

c

a Research Scholar, Department of chemistry National College , Tiruchirappalli, TN

b Assistant professor, Department of Chemistry, Anjalai Ammal Mahalingam Engineering

College, Thanjavur, TN

cAssistant professor, National College , Tiruchirappalli, TN

Abstract

The photo catalytic degradation of Yellow GR dye has been investigated using TiO2

(Degussa P-25) photo catalyst in aqueous solution under solar irradiation. Experiments were

conducted to optimize various parameters viz. amount of catalyst, concentration of dye, pH and

solar light intensity. Degradation of dye was examined by using UV spectrophotometric method.

The experimental results indicate that TiO2 (Degussa P-25) is the best catalyst in

comparison with other commercial photo catalysts such as, TiO2 (Merck), ZnO, ZrO2, WO3 and

CdS. Though the UV irradiation can efficiently degrade the dyes, naturally abundant solar

irradiation is also very effective in the mineralization of dyes. These observations indicate that

the dye could be degraded completely at different time intervals. Hence, it may be a viable

technique for the safe disposal of textile wastewater into the water streams.

Key word: TiO2, Dye, photo catalyst, degradation

78


Design of Rectangular Nanostrip Patch Antenna for Dual Band Terahertz Applications

R. Ramadas1, C.Shunmugam

2, Dr.D.Kumar ,R.Murugasami

Division of Nanotechnology, Department of ECE,

Periyar Maniammai University, Vallam, Thanjavur, India.

1: [email protected]

2: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Rectangular nanostrip patch antenna with Graphite material at nano scale has been designed and

optimized using Ansoft HFSS. The objective of this project is to design nanostrip patch antenna

for Dual Band Terahertz application by simulation through the structural and functional

optimization according to the desired design specification such as antenna dimensions like

Length (L), Width (W) and Substrate parameters such as Relative permittivity (εr), Substrate

thickness, Radiation parameters and Band width. Substrates with low dielectric constant are

generally preferred for maximum radiation. Hence we prefer graphite which is having dielectric

constant as unity and which is also a super conductor at nano scale. The conducting patch can

take any shape. Because of less complexity to analyze and require minimum numerical

computations, Rectangular & circular configurations are the most commonly used. Hence

graphite substrate and graphite rectangular patch is designed at nano scale and it is simulated

with Ansoft HFSS 13.0 and with antenna design kit 1.0. In view of this design, selection of width

and length of the patch are the major parameters along with the feed line and probe. The

confined design of Patch antenna is simulated at nano scale. Resultant Characteristics such as

return loss, gain, directivity, polarization, scattering parameters and radiation pattern were

analyzed and proved that this antenna is suitable for Dual Band Terahertz application.

Keywords: Ansoft HFSS, Antenna design kit 1.0; nanostrip; substrate; Graphite;

Terahertz; Dual band; Relative permittivity (εr).



79


Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite nanoparticle for Bone Composites

Dr.K.Geetha

Nanotech Division, Periyar Maniammai University, Thanjavur

Tamil nadu

Abstract

The bone mineral like Hydroxyapatitie nanoparticle were fabricated by Wet chemical method by

controlling the parameters such as concentration of the precursors(0.5 M Ca (OH) 2,0.06M

K2HPO4 and 0.3 M H3PO4,thermal treatment (Room Temperature,18⁰C and 4⁰C) Solution

adding rate(6,1.5 and 1 ml/min) ,Stirring Effect ( Vigorous and Slow) etc . The morphology and

crystalline structure of the prepared materials was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy

(SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results revealed that the hydroxyl apatite synthesized

using lower temperature has been produced nanoparticle without aggeregation .we have

estimated the crystallite size distribution at the range of 421-589 nm from the samples which

were not thermally treated. The mineral crystal which is present in between the collagen fibre of

thebone is also in nano scale . So, This nanocrystallineHydrixy apatite can be used for the bone

comoposites to enhance the biomimetic ability of the implant.

Key words: Hydroxy apatite, Wet chemical method, Bone mineral, SEM, XRD

Date post:	19-Jul-2020
Category:	Documents
Upload:	others
View:	3 times
Download:	0 times

CONTENTS...STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF TiO2 THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY Sol-Gel METHOD...

Documents