CONTINUING WITH PSYCHOPATHOLOGY

Instead of Flash Card Challenge…Let’s Have a Brief Powerpoint Review

Please tell the class…

What is the concept of the Medical Model and how does it apply to Psychology?

Major Clusters/Categories of Disorders:

• Anxiety Disorders• Somatoform Disorders• Dissociative Disorders• Mood Disorders• Personality Disorders

What are false beliefs often of persecution or

grandeur that may accompany psychotic disorders?

Name the disorder…A mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania.Formerly called Manic Depression.

What book do we use to diagnose mental disorders?

A group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions

Tell us about somatoform disorders

An anxiety disorder

characterized by extreme and irrational fear of simple things or social situations.

A rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found

A mood disorder in which a person, for no apparent reason, experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities.

Name the disorder…An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.

Name the disorder…

A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.

An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.

Name this disorder…

Disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity

Name this disorder…

A personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family; may be aggressive or ruthless.

Name this disorder…

A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Once called Multiple Personality Disorder

Name the disorder…

An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions

Name the disorder…

A somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease.

Name this disorder…An anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience.

Please remind all of us…There are three key words that can be applied to a person’s condition to assess whether your client actually has a Psychological Disorder or not…

What are these 3 Key Words?

Is their condition…

•DISTRESSFUL

•DYSFUNCTIONAL

•DEVIANT

5 VIGNETTESWe are going to look at 5 separate cases.Please tell me if you think the person that

is being discussed has a Psychological Disorder.You do not have to diagnose their disorder,

just let us know, IF the person has or does not have

a disorder, and most importantly…please

explain HOW and WHY you arrived at your answer.

Andrew has led a turbulent life. As a young child, he skipped schoolmore often than he attended. When he did attend,he was a frequent behavior problem, often getting into fights with other boys. He was finally expelled from schoolaltogether after stabbing another student in his high school class. Since then he has not held a job for any length oftime. Soon after his expulsion, he began supplementing his income by breaking into homes and stealing whatever hecould get his hands on. However, he appears to feel no guilt about this behavior. Although he has never been in a committedrelationship, he has several children, whom he never sees, due partly to the fact that he frequently moves fromtown to town. Despite these characteristics, Andrew is a colorful and entertaining person and has a certain charm. Ifasked, he will tell you that he is quite happy with his current life-style.

Barbara was generally a happy child and had many friends inhigh school. She made very good grades and decided togo on to college and then to law school. After her first year of law school, she began to notice periods of “feelingdown.” At first she ignored this, but after a year or so, these episodes began to get worse. When she started payingMore attention, she noticed that the episodes usually began about a week before her period and ended a few days afterher period began. In addition to feeling depressed during that time, she also was overly sensitive to criticism. Often,her appetite would increase, and she would especially crave sweets. Sometimes she found it difficult to concentrate onher studies during this time, and she often lacked the energy to do much of anything except watch television.

Charles is the third of seven children. He attended school in the suburbs of a large city, where

he made average grades. He dated a bit in high school and had several close friends. During

vacations, he worked in his father’s garage,learning all he could about automobiles. After high

school, Charles took a job as a mechanic in the garage. However,Charles was beginning to feel different from his co-workers. He began to realize that

he was attracted to one of his customers, a man with whom he had gone to school. When

Charlesrealized this, he became very confused and feltangry with himself for having such feelings. Although he tried to convince himself that

the feelings would go awayover time, they did not, and Charles finally admitted to himself

that he was a homosexual. Currently, he is in a monogamous relationship with another man but

is afraid to admit his sexual orientation to friends or family, for fearof their reaction. He often finds himself preoccupied with trying to find ways to hide hisorientation from them.

Diane is the only child of two professional parents. She did well in high school and had

several close friends.However, her grades suffered when she got to college, and she spent one

semester on probation before she graduated.While in college, she met Don, and the two married soon after graduation

and had two children of their own. Diane and Don decided that she would stay home until

the children were in school, since his job with a prestigious accounting firm

would allow him to support the family. Three months ago, however, Don came home from work and announced that he had met another woman and was

having an affair and that he had decided to leave Diane. The divorce proceeded

quickly, and, while Diane retained custody of the children, she had to move to a smaller apartment. She began looking for work but found

that it was difficult to find a job, and eventually took a job she disliked. Diane often

finds herself thinking about how quickly her life has changed in the last few months. She

becomes very sad and will sometimes lie in bed crying after the children are asleep. She finds herself eating a lot more than she used to, and

sometimes, she has difficulty getting to sleep at night.

Eric was born in a rural town in the midwest. He made average grades inschool and decided after graduation to purchase a farm in the area and raise corn. He very much enjoyed this lifestyle and did quite well. One day, while working in the field, an accident with farming equipment caused Eric to be rushed to the hospital. While doctors were able to save his life, they were not able to save his legs. Eric is now confined to a wheelchair. It has been a year since the accident and he is in a great deal of pain, which is partially controlled by morphine, which his doctor has prescribed. However, his thinking remains quite rational, and he has been able to do some work helping with the books at his parents’ store. He does not enjoy this work and misses his previous activity.Recently, he confided in his doctor that he does not feel that his new life is worth living, and he has decided that he would like to end it all.