+ All Categories
Home > Documents > Contraceptive Options Abstinence Abstinence Withdrawal (Coitus Interuptus)/Rhythm Withdrawal (Coitus...

Contraceptive Options Abstinence Abstinence Withdrawal (Coitus Interuptus)/Rhythm Withdrawal (Coitus...

Date post: 27-Dec-2015
Category:
Upload: priscilla-holt
View: 224 times
Download: 1 times
Share this document with a friend
16
Contraceptive Options Contraceptive Options Abstinence Abstinence Withdrawal (Coitus Interuptus)/Rhythm Withdrawal (Coitus Interuptus)/Rhythm Spermicides Spermicides Male Condom Male Condom Female Condom Female Condom Diaphragm/Cervical Cap Diaphragm/Cervical Cap Birth Control Pill Birth Control Pill Norplant Norplant Depo-Provea Depo-Provea Intrauterine Device (IUD) Intrauterine Device (IUD) Ovral >The morning after pill Ovral >The morning after pill Nuva Ring Nuva Ring Vasectomy / Tubal Ligation Vasectomy / Tubal Ligation Emergency Contraception Emergency Contraception
Transcript

Contraceptive OptionsContraceptive Options AbstinenceAbstinence Withdrawal (Coitus Interuptus)/Rhythm Withdrawal (Coitus Interuptus)/Rhythm SpermicidesSpermicides Male Condom Male Condom Female Condom Female Condom Diaphragm/Cervical CapDiaphragm/Cervical Cap Birth Control PillBirth Control Pill NorplantNorplant Depo-ProveaDepo-Provea Intrauterine Device (IUD)Intrauterine Device (IUD) Ovral >The morning after pillOvral >The morning after pill Nuva RingNuva Ring Vasectomy / Tubal LigationVasectomy / Tubal Ligation Emergency ContraceptionEmergency Contraception

AbstinenceAbstinence Refraining from any Refraining from any

oral, anal, or vaginal oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse intercourse (penetration)(penetration)

Refraining from sexual Refraining from sexual behavior that involves behavior that involves the exchange of bodily the exchange of bodily fluids:vaginal, anal, fluids:vaginal, anal, oraloral

Advantages:Advantages:

1.1. No physical side No physical side effectseffects

2.2. Can be used anytimeCan be used anytime

3.3. Nothing to purchaseNothing to purchase

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:

1.1. Requires Requires commitment & commitment & self-controlself-control

2.2. Peer pressurePeer pressure

Effectiveness:Effectiveness:

100 %100 %

Withdrawal (coitus Withdrawal (coitus interuptus)/Rhythm interuptus)/Rhythm

MethodMethod The act of “pulling out The act of “pulling out

when it tingles”when it tingles” Trying to time withdrawl Trying to time withdrawl

of penis before of penis before ejaculation .ejaculation .

Based on a women’s cycleBased on a women’s cycle

Advantages:Advantages:1.1. No cost, no preparation No cost, no preparation

involvedinvolved2.2. Available as last resortAvailable as last resort

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:1.1. Dependent on male Dependent on male

partnerpartner2.2. Sperm exist in Pre-Sperm exist in Pre-

Ejaculate fluid. Ejaculate fluid. 2.2. Requires commitment Requires commitment

& great control& great control3.3. No protection No protection

against STI”s against STI”s Effectiveness:Effectiveness:Highly dependent on Highly dependent on

individual user individual user

Barrier MethodsBarrier Methods

Provide a Barrier Provide a Barrier of Protection of Protection between body between body fluids.fluids.

1. Male Condom1. Male Condom 2. Female Condom2. Female Condom 3. 3. Diaphram/Cervical Diaphram/Cervical CapCap

Male CondomMale Condom

Thin membrane made of latex, Thin membrane made of latex, polyurethane, or polyurethane, or sheepskin that fits over sheepskin that fits over the erect penisthe erect penis

Advantages:Advantages:1.1. Available w/out Available w/out

prescriptionprescription2.2. Offers protection from Offers protection from

STI’sSTI’s3.3. Easy to carry & useEasy to carry & use4.4. InexpensiveInexpensive

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:

1.1. Male controlled Male controlled methodmethod

2.2. May “forget” to May “forget” to useuse

3.3. May break if May break if used incorrectlyused incorrectly

4.4. May interfere May interfere with the momentwith the moment

Effectiveness:Effectiveness:

98% if used 98% if used correctlycorrectly

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Female CondomFemale CondomPolyurethane pouch that Polyurethane pouch that

fits inside a fits inside a woman’s vaginawoman’s vagina

Advantages:Advantages:1.1. SafeSafe2.2. Available w/out Available w/out

prescriptionprescription3.3. Easy to carry & useEasy to carry & use4.4. Polyurethane is Polyurethane is

strong, conducts strong, conducts body heat easily, & body heat easily, & rarely breaksrarely breaks

5.5. Protects against Protects against STI’sSTI’s

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:

1.1. May be difficult May be difficult to useto use

2.2. May become May become dislodged during dislodged during intercourseintercourse

3.3. ExpensiveExpensive

4.4. May make noiseMay make noise

Effectiveness:Effectiveness:

75% - 95% if used 75% - 95% if used correctlycorrectly

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

SpermicidesSpermicides

(foam, cream, (foam, cream, jelly)jelly)

A chemical that A chemical that kills spermkills sperm

Advantages:Advantages:

1.1. Available w/out Available w/out prescriptionprescription

2.2. Minimal health riskMinimal health risk

3.3. Easy to carry & useEasy to carry & use

4.4. Some protection Some protection against STI’sagainst STI’s

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:1.1. Timing > must Timing > must

insert close to insert close to intercourseintercourse

2.2. May cause an May cause an allergic reactionallergic reaction

Effectiveness:Effectiveness:75% - 80% if used 75% - 80% if used

correctlycorrectly98% if used with a 98% if used with a

condomcondom

Diaphragm/Cervical CapDiaphragm/Cervical Cap A shallow rubber cap A shallow rubber cap

w/ a rim made of fine, w/ a rim made of fine, flexible springs that flexible springs that fits perfectly across fits perfectly across the upper vagina the upper vagina covering the entire covering the entire cervix. Must use w/ cervix. Must use w/ spermicidespermicide

Advantages:Advantages:

1.1. Can be used before Can be used before intercourseintercourse

2.2. Inexpensive, can be Inexpensive, can be re-usedre-used

3.3. No hormonal or No hormonal or chemical changes in chemical changes in the bodythe body

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:1.1. Requires Requires

fitting/prescriptionfitting/prescription

2.2. May “forget” to useMay “forget” to use

3.3. May be difficult to May be difficult to useuse

4.4. Must be left in 6-8 Must be left in 6-8 hours after hours after intercourseintercourse

5.5. Minimal protection Minimal protection against STI’sagainst STI’s

Effectiveness:Effectiveness:82% - 95% if used 82% - 95% if used

correctlycorrectly

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Birth Control PillBirth Control Pill

Pills create change in Pills create change in the menstrual cycle the menstrual cycle that interrupt normal that interrupt normal patterns of ovulation patterns of ovulation & implantation, thus & implantation, thus preventing pregnancypreventing pregnancy

Advantages:Advantages:1.1. Continuous protection Continuous protection

against pregnancyagainst pregnancy2.2. ReversibleReversible3.3. Protects against Protects against

painful irregular painful irregular periods, ovarian & periods, ovarian & endometrial cancer, & endometrial cancer, & infections of the infections of the fallopian tubesfallopian tubes

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:1.1. Must remember to Must remember to

taketake2.2. Not suitable for all Not suitable for all

(risk of stroke)(risk of stroke)3.3. Possible side- Possible side-

effects (nausea, effects (nausea, weight gain)weight gain)

4.4. No protection No protection against STI’s against STI’s

Effectiveness:Effectiveness:97% - 99% if used correctly97% - 99% if used correctly

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

DEPO-PROVEA and DEPO-PROVEA and LUNELLE/InjectionsLUNELLE/Injections

Injection of long-Injection of long-acting progestin. acting progestin.

It acts by It acts by creating creating conditions in the conditions in the uterus that are uterus that are inhospitable for inhospitable for embryo embryo implantation.implantation.

Effectiveness: 99+Effectiveness: 99+%%

ADVANTAGES:ADVANTAGES: Continuous protection Continuous protection

against pregnancy for 3 against pregnancy for 3 months months

Nothing to rememberNothing to remember Menstruation ceases for Menstruation ceases for

over 50% of womenover 50% of women ConfidentialConfidentialDISADVANTAGES:DISADVANTAGES: Visit to clinical every 3 Visit to clinical every 3

months months Non-reversible until Non-reversible until

effects wear offeffects wear off Return to fertility may Return to fertility may

take several monthstake several months No protection against STI’sNo protection against STI’s Available only to older Available only to older

women who have had a babywomen who have had a baby

NorplantNorplant Consists of 6 Consists of 6

slender silicone slender silicone rubber capsules that rubber capsules that contain a steroid contain a steroid called Leungestrel called Leungestrel (form of progestin) (form of progestin) inhibits ovulation inhibits ovulation

Advantages:Advantages:

1.1. Continuous Continuous protection against protection against pregnancy for 5 yrs.pregnancy for 5 yrs.

2.2. ReversibleReversible

3.3. Nothing to rememberNothing to remember

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:

1.1. ExpensiveExpensive

2.2. Minor surgical Minor surgical procedureprocedure

3.3. Irregular menstrual Irregular menstrual bleedingbleeding

4.4. Possible difficulty Possible difficulty in removingin removing

5.5. Possible weight gainPossible weight gain

6.6. Less effective in Less effective in woman more than woman more than 155lbs155lbs

Effectiveness:Effectiveness:

99% 99%

Nuva RingNuva Ring

A flexible vaginal A flexible vaginal ring that contains ring that contains hormones that hormones that stops the ovaries stops the ovaries from releasing an from releasing an eggegg

ADVANTAGES:ADVANTAGES:

-Don’t have to -Don’t have to remember to take remember to take pillspills

DISADVANTAGES:DISADVANTAGES:

-Expensive-Expensive

-Has to be prescribed -Has to be prescribed by a doctorby a doctor

-Doesn’t protect -Doesn’t protect against STD’s against STD’s

EFFECTIVENESS:EFFECTIVENESS:

99% if used correctly99% if used correctly

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

INTRAUTERINE DEVICE INTRAUTERINE DEVICE (IUD)(IUD)

TWO TYPES USED IN THE US:TWO TYPES USED IN THE US:1.1. PROGESTASERTPROGESTASERT-contains -contains

progestin which is progestin which is gradually released.gradually released.

2.2. TCu38OATCu38OA-contains copper-contains copper

Both are inserted into the Both are inserted into the uterus by the physicianuterus by the physician

The actual way they work is The actual way they work is unknown but the hypothesis unknown but the hypothesis is IUD’s interfere with the is IUD’s interfere with the movement of the egg through movement of the egg through the fallopian tube or with the fallopian tube or with the mobility of the spermthe mobility of the sperm

Effectiveness: 97%Effectiveness: 97%

ADVANTAGES:ADVANTAGES: Continuous protection Continuous protection

against pregnancy for up to against pregnancy for up to 8 years8 years

ReversibleReversible Nothing to rememberNothing to remember

DISADVANTAGES:DISADVANTAGES: Limited useLimited use Increase risk of PIDIncrease risk of PID May be expelled or May be expelled or

perforate from uterusperforate from uterus No protection against STI’sNo protection against STI’s Prescription requiredPrescription required

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Rhythm Method/Periodic Rhythm Method/Periodic AbstinenceAbstinence Act of trying to Act of trying to

pinpoint the day of pinpoint the day of Ovulation!Ovulation!

Ovulation = when egg is Ovulation = when egg is released from ovary. released from ovary. When a women is FertileWhen a women is Fertile

Occurs 14 Days Occurs 14 Days before before 1st day of Menstral 1st day of Menstral CycleCycle

Advantages:Good method for couples who are trying to get who are trying to get pregnant.pregnant.

Also helps people who are Also helps people who are not trying to have a not trying to have a baby lessen chances.baby lessen chances.

Free, Natural, Free, Natural, contraceptive option contraceptive option that doesn’t interfere that doesn’t interfere with religious beliefs.with religious beliefs.

Disadvantages:Disadvantages: Requires Careful Requires Careful planningplanning

Women have irregular, Women have irregular, unpredictable menstrual unpredictable menstrual cycles, don’t know when cycles, don’t know when ovulation occursovulation occurs

Cycles can be irregular Cycles can be irregular do to Stress, Diet, do to Stress, Diet, Exercise, Medications. Exercise, Medications. Making her ability to Making her ability to pinpoint Ovulation pinpoint Ovulation difficultdifficult

Sperm can live inside Sperm can live inside vaginal canal up to 24-vaginal canal up to 24-48 hrs.48 hrs.

No Protection from No Protection from STD’sSTD’s

Permanent Contraceptive Permanent Contraceptive Procedures!Procedures!

VasectomyVasectomy Male Surgical Male Surgical ProcedureProcedure

Tying of Vas Tying of Vas Deferens to Deferens to prevent the prevent the release of Spermrelease of Sperm

In some cases can In some cases can be reversed. be reversed. Return to Return to fertility is not fertility is not guaranteed.guaranteed.

Tubal LigationTubal Ligation Female Surgical Female Surgical ProcedureProcedure

Tying of Fallopian Tying of Fallopian Tubes to prevent Tubes to prevent implantation of Eggimplantation of Egg

**Typically used by **Typically used by couples or couples or individuals who are individuals who are done having children.done having children.

EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION PILLS EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION PILLS “THE MORNING AFTER PILL”“THE MORNING AFTER PILL”

Hormonal PillsHormonal Pills Taken within 72 hours Taken within 72 hours or up to 5 hours or up to 5 hours after unprotected after unprotected intercourseintercourse

Interrupts the Interrupts the menstrual cyclemenstrual cycle

2 doses of pills2 doses of pills Plan B or Preven are Plan B or Preven are 2 examples of 2 examples of Emergency Emergency ContraceptionContraception

Should NOT be relied Should NOT be relied on as an Opiton. on as an Opiton. Only in an EmergencyOnly in an Emergency

DisadvantagesDisadvantages

-Nausea, vomitting-Nausea, vomitting

- not guaranteed to work- not guaranteed to work AdvantagesAdvantages

- Prevents unwanted - Prevents unwanted pregnancypregnancy

- Available over the - Available over the counter at a pharmacy 17 counter at a pharmacy 17 or over.or over.

- Under 17 needs a - Under 17 needs a PerscriptionPerscription

EFFECTIVENESS:EFFECTIVENESS:

- - 85%85%


Recommended