Controlling Technology Systems

8th Grade

Warm up: What are the different input and output motions for the mystery machine?

Objective: Understand that controls are mechanisms or activities that use information to cause systems to change

Left (in and out) Right (in and out) Up Down Sweep (windshield wiper)

Analytical vs. Judgmental

Analytical System – systems that mathematically or scientifically make comparisons.

Judgmental Systems – systems that use human opinions and values. Judgment may be based on intuition. Intuition is the human ability to sense or

know immediately without reasoning.

Objective: Understand and Identify different methods for controlling systems

How do you know when to stop pouring milk?

Judgmental

You want enough to drink but you

don’t want to over pour and make a mess.

Analytical or Judgmental?

Could this group of people fit into this boat?

Would they be over the legal limit?Analytical

Just count the people and compare to

the legal limit.

Analytical or Judgmental?

Is this suitcase too heavy to take on the plane?

Analytical

Just weigh it and compare to the

airline limit.

Analytical or Judgmental?

How long should I wait before I eat again?

Judgmental

You often eat when you feel you are

hungry.

Analytical or Judgmental?

Is the fish a “keeper”?

Analytical

Fish must meet size or weight

requirements. Just measure and

compare.

Robot Video

While watching the Paper Airplane Robot Video, think about… What other tasks can be completed with

the NXT Robots?

System Model

Process Output

Feedback

Input

Desired

Result

System Model

Steering a bicycle uses our judgment. We turn left and right based on “intuition” and experience.

Process Output

Feedback

Input

Desired

Result

System Model

We want to make a

right turn without

falling over.

Lean and turn to the right.

The bike turns to the

right.

Did we turn enough?Is the turn completed?

Adjusting “device”Turn and lean

more/less

Process Output

Feedback

Input

Desired

Result

Right turn

made.

Closed-Loop and Open-Loop Systems

An open-loop system has no feedback path, while a closed-loop system uses feedback.

Desired Temperatur

e

Input

Compare desired temp to

actual temp

Process

Thermometer senses the

temperature Feedback

AC unit turns off

Desired

Result

Closed-Loop System: AC Unit

Heat/cool air runs

Output

Closed-Loop and Open-Loop Systems

An open-loop system has no way of monitoring or adjusting itself.

Desired Temperatur

e

Input

Person compares desired temp to

actual temp

Processes

Person turns AC unit off

Desired

Result

Open-Loop System: AC Unit

Heat/cool air runs

Output

Robot Game

Start

Lift left leg

Raise right arm

Are lights on?

Lower right arm and left leg

YES

NOHop once

End

Turn left 90 degrees

Are you facing theblackboard?

NO

YES

Robot Game

Is the robot game a closed loop or an open loop?

How do you know your answer is correct?

Is this a closed-loop or open-loop systems? Why?

TV Remote

Person wants to change

the channel

Input Person

presses the channel button

Processes

Channel changes

Desired

Result

Data sends from

remote to TV

Output

Open-Loop System:

Communication Systems

Communication systems can exist between different combinations of humans and machines. • Human to Human • Human to Machine• Machine to Human• Machine to Machine

Communication Systems

Human to Human A teacher explains how

students should complete an assignment.

Human to Machine A human sets an oven to

a desired temperature.

Communication Systems

Machine to Human A microwave dings to tell

a human when the foodis done.

Machine to Machine An iPod syncs with a

computer to add new music.

Closing

Fill in the chart based on the information you gained on communication systems.

Use examples from your experience with the NXT robots.Human to

Human

Human to Machine

Machine to Human

Machine to Machine

Communicated with groups about programmingWrote programming for NXT

NXT made sound telling us it completed its taskNXT and computer exchanged information

Provide the appropriate communication system for the following examples. (i.e. human to human, machine to human, etc.)

A person puts a DVD in the DVD player.

The DVD player reads the DVD.

Human to Machine

Machine to Machine

Technology Systems

A product, system, or environment developed for one setting may be applied to another setting.

Microwave technology was first developed as a way to communicate.

Now we use microwave technology to heat our food.